[JOURNAL] HEPATOLOGY
Sun
200 papers
Pharyngeal endoscopic submucosal dissection: detection, technique, and considerations for Western adoption.
Bechara R, Ishiyama A, Toru S … +4 more , Kamiyama R, Mitani H, Sato Y, Yoshio T
IGIE · 2026 Jun · PMID 42394875 · Full text
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Pharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is increasingly detected at earlier stages in Japan, largely due to routine image-enhanced endoscopy and systematic pharyngeal examination. Endoscopic submuco...
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Pharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is increasingly detected at earlier stages in Japan, largely due to routine image-enhanced endoscopy and systematic pharyngeal examination. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is now a preferred minimally invasive treatment option for superficial SCC, with excellent outcomes. Despite this, the technique remains underutilized in the West, even though the incidence of pharyngeal cancer continues to rise. METHODS: This review brings together current evidence on pharyngeal ESD, indications, technique, outcomes, and adverse events. RESULTS: Across contemporary series, en bloc and R0 resection rates are consistently high, with serious adverse events occurring infrequently. Nonetheless, pharyngeal ESD involves unique challenges stemming from complex anatomy, specialized anesthesia, and specific exposure techniques. CONCLUSIONS: We highlight practical barriers limiting adoption in the West, particularly limited knowledge in optical diagnosis, and propose targeted education to close the knowledge gap. As demand increases for minimally invasive, organ-preserving treatments, pharyngeal ESD is poised to have an important role for the treatment of early pharyngeal SCC in Western practice.
Character is destiny: the Endoscopic Ultrasound Users Group and the beginnings of endoscopic ultrasonography.
Sivak MV, Ge PS
IGIE · 2026 Jun · PMID 42394874 · Full text
Abstract loading — click title to view on PubMed.
Retained capsule in covert strictures at the stoma closure site of an ileal pouch, retrieved following endoscopic strictureplasty via retrograde enteroscopy: a case report.
Wang S, Lukin DJ, Shen B
IGIE · 2026 Jun · PMID 42394873 · Full text
Video capsule endoscopy (VCE) is an important tool to evaluate small-bowel involvement in inflammatory bowel disease. However, the risk of capsule retention increases in the presence of strictures or obstruction. In pati...
Video capsule endoscopy (VCE) is an important tool to evaluate small-bowel involvement in inflammatory bowel disease. However, the risk of capsule retention increases in the presence of strictures or obstruction. In patients with total proctocolectomy and ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA), the use of VCE is challenging because of the surgically altered anatomy and the common presence of strictures. A 46-year-old man with a history of ulcerative colitis and total proctocolectomy with IPAA underwent VCE to assess persistent, unexplained anemia, which impaired his training for a marathon. The capsule was retained at a high stoma closure site with 2 severe strictures undetected on magnetic resonance imaging and previous routine pouchoscopy. Endoscopic balloon dilation and endoscopic strictureplasty were performed with eventual retrieval of the capsule via retrograde enteroscopy. A thorough endoscopic evaluation of the ileal pouch, including the stoma closure site, is crucial prior to VCE.
Artificial intelligence detection of endoscopic moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis: a novel tool to enhance clinical trial recruitment.
Grossberg LB, Geeganage G, Mithal A … +7 more , Deyhim T, Santisteban-Silva A, Papamichael K, Elamin S, Cheifetz AS, Berzin TM, Rabinowitz LG
IGIE · 2026 Jun · PMID 42394872 · Full text
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Artificial intelligence (AI) may detect endoscopically active ulcerative colitis (UC) and streamline clinical trial enrollment. Here, we investigate the performance of a commercially available AI mod...
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Artificial intelligence (AI) may detect endoscopically active ulcerative colitis (UC) and streamline clinical trial enrollment. Here, we investigate the performance of a commercially available AI model, autoinflammatory bowel disease (AutoIBD)-UC (Virgo Surgical Video Solutions, Inc, San Francisco, Calif, USA), to detect moderate-to-severe UC in colonoscopy videos collected as part of routine clinical practice. METHODS: AutoIBD-UC was applied to consecutive endoscopy videos between August 30, 2024, and October 17, 2024. Each video received an AutoIBD score (0-1); videos with scores above a predefined confidence threshold were flagged as possible moderate-to-severe UC. Flagged videos and medical records were reviewed to confirm UC diagnosis and grade Mayo endoscopic subscore (MES). Concurrently, research staff retrospectively reviewed all endoscopy reports to identify 3 cohorts: (1) 20 MES ≥2, (2) 20 non-UC inflammation, and (3) 20 screening colonoscopies. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated for all videos screened by AI. Median AutoIBD scores were compared by MES and disease extent. RESULTS: AutoIBD-UC was applied to 2273 endoscopy videos. Twenty-one videos were flagged, 10 of which had MES ≥2. AutoIBD-UC flagged 9 of 20 videos in cohort 1 and all MES 3 videos. More procedures with extensive (4 of 8) or left-sided disease (5 of 7) were flagged compared with those with proctitis (0 of 5). Median AutoIBD-UC scores differed between MES 2 (0.437; interquartile range [IQR], 0.270-0.571) and MES 3 (0.690; IQR, 0.607-0.765; = .006), and by disease extent: proctitis (0.224; IQR, 0.193-0.270), left-sided (0.571; IQR, 0.554-0.603), and extensive (0.506; IQR, 0.408-0.598; = .021). The sensitivity of AutoIBD-UC was 0.47, and the specificity was 0.99. CONCLUSIONS: AutoIBD-UC accurately detects moderate-to-severe UC with moderate sensitivity and high specificity. Larger studies are necessary to evaluate AutoIBD-UC's utility as a recruitment aid compared to standard practice.
Validation of the immune-mediated colitis endoscopic score using a retrospective cohort of patients with immune-mediated colitis.
Shatila M, Cruz CC, Varatharajalu K … +18 more , Urias Rivera AC, Abdul-Baki K, Takigawa K, Gupta T, Baerman E, Lu L, Jeong-Ah Lee I, Salim H, Menon R, Sullivan A, Vemulapalli V, Natha C, Khan A, Grivas P, Faleck D, Dougan M, Thomas AS, Wang Y
IGIE · 2026 Jun · PMID 42394871 · Full text
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Immune-mediated colitis (IMC) is a challenging adverse effect of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, often leading to treatment interruption or discontinuation. Current IMC endoscopic scoring system...
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Immune-mediated colitis (IMC) is a challenging adverse effect of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, often leading to treatment interruption or discontinuation. Current IMC endoscopic scoring systems were adapted from those used for inflammatory bowel disease but fail to fully capture IMC. The newly proposed IMC endoscopic score (IMCES) seeks to help guide prognosis and treatment. We aimed to validate IMCES and explore its association with IMC clinical severity and outcomes. METHODS: This single-center retrospective study included patients with IMC who received immune checkpoint inhibitors and underwent endoscopic evaluation. IMCESs were calculated on the basis of 10 gross endoscopic features, as previously reported. Patients were divided into those with IMCES <4 and IMCES ≥4. Primary end points were selective immunosuppressive therapy (SIT) use, hospitalization, and clinical and endoscopic remission. RESULTS: We evaluated 807 patients, including the 308 previously used to develop IMCES, with 499 in a validation cohort. We found that IMCES ≥4 was associated with need for steroids and SIT ( < .05). Patients with IMCES ≥4 also tended to be hospitalized more often and longer ( < .05). Including ulceration as a criterion in IMCES strengthened these associations. Clinical symptoms had lower specificities for being associated with SIT use (26.8% for diarrhea, 64.6% for colitis) compared to IMCES ≥4 (91.5%). CONCLUSIONS: IMCES ≥4 had a high specificity for the need for SIT and was associated with worse outcomes. Given the importance of risk stratification in the treatment of IMC to inform the early introduction of SIT, IMCES may be a powerful clinical tool to estimate prognosis and guide management but requires further validation.
The role of quantitative contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasound in the differential diagnosis of pancreatic solid neoplasms: a proof-of-concept prospective study shifting from subjective to objective.
Tacelli M, Bina N, Petrone MC … +4 more , Zaccari P, Capurso G, Rossi G, Arcidiacono PG
IGIE · 2026 Jun · PMID 42394870 · Full text
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Accurate differentiation of pancreatic solid tumors, including pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNENs) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs), is crucial because of their distinct prognose...
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Accurate differentiation of pancreatic solid tumors, including pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNENs) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs), is crucial because of their distinct prognoses and treatments. Contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasound (CE-EUS) assesses vascularization differences but is limited by subjective interpretation and low interobserver agreement. The aim of this article is to evaluate the role of quantitative CE-EUS in differentiating pNENs from PDACs. METHODS: This observational study included patients with a cytological diagnosis of PDACs or pNENs undergoing CE-EUS from January to June 2024. CE-EUS videos were analyzed using software for objective contrast quantification. Vascular parameters were compared between tumor types using Mann-Whitney tests and receiver operating characteristic analysis. RESULTS: Among 73 patients (51 with PDACs/22 with pNENs), pNENs had significantly greater contrast intensity, peak enhancement, and wash-in area under the curve. Receiver operating characteristic curves identified wash-in perfusion index and wash-in rate as the most discriminative parameters, achieving an area under the curve of 96.1% when combined. CONCLUSIONS: Quantitative CE-EUS appears to enhance pancreatic tumor differentiation by eliminating subjectivity and improving diagnostic accuracy.
Spontaneous gastric balloon hyperinflation causing renal infarct.
Yeo J, Lane A, Hanrahan T
IGIE · 2026 Jun · PMID 42394868 · Full text
Abstract loading — click title to view on PubMed.
Intramural duodenal hematoma following therapeutic endoscopy: a case report of a rare adverse event.
Ferrigno BW, Germansky KA
IGIE · 2026 Jun · PMID 42394865 · Full text
An intramural duodenal hematoma (IDH) is an uncommon clinical entity that can be an adverse event of therapeutic esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Herein, we present a case of a 60-year-old man who presented to the hospi...
An intramural duodenal hematoma (IDH) is an uncommon clinical entity that can be an adverse event of therapeutic esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Herein, we present a case of a 60-year-old man who presented to the hospital with vomiting, diarrhea, and overt gastrointestinal bleeding with melena and small-volume hematemesis. EGD was pursued and revealed a bleeding duodenal ulcer that was therapeutically intervened upon to achieve hemostasis. After endoscopy, his hospital course was complicated by an intramural duodenal hematoma, which presented with abdominal pain and worsening anemia without recurrent overt gastrointestinal bleeding. After consultation with interventional radiology and surgery, he ultimately improved with supportive care and was discharged home without further endoscopic or procedural intervention. An IDH is an uncommon gastrointestinal pathology that should be considered after endoscopy in the setting of abdominal pain and anemia without overt bleeding. Conservative management often leads to successful outcomes, but multidisciplinary care should be considered in the setting of further adverse events.
Comparison of fully covered self-expandable metal biliary stents with or without anchoring double-pigtail plastic stents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Tanner S, Hawa F, Vargas A … +5 more , Dutta P, Facciorusso A, Lester J, Chalhoub JM, Machicado JD
IGIE · 2026 Jun · PMID 42394864 · Full text
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Fully covered self-expandable metal stents (FcSEMSs) have become the mainstay of treatment for a variety of biliary pathologies. However, FcSEMSs have been associated with a greater rate of stent mig...
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Fully covered self-expandable metal stents (FcSEMSs) have become the mainstay of treatment for a variety of biliary pathologies. However, FcSEMSs have been associated with a greater rate of stent migration than other types of stents. A technique of anchoring double-pigtail plastic stents (DPPSs) has been proposed to minimize migration of biliary FcSEMSs. Herein, we evaluated the efficacy of anchoring DPPSs among patients treated with biliary FcSEMSs. METHODS: We performed a systematic review using PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science from database inception through August 2023. Full-text articles comparing FcSEMSs with or without anchoring DPPSs were included. We evaluated the following outcomes: (1) stent migration; (2) stent occlusion; (3) duration of stent patency; (4) cholangitis; (5) unplanned reinterventions; and (6) adverse events. Meta-analysis was carried out using random-effect models and reported as odds ratios (ORs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). RESULTS: Four studies encompassing 489 patients were included. Patients with anchoring DPPSs had a 67% reduction in FcSEMS migration compared with those without anchoring DPPSs (OR: 0.33; 95% CI, 0.19-0.57; 0%). Anchoring DPPSs increased the mean duration of FcSEMS patency by 83 days compared with FcSEMSs alone (95% CI, 46-120; 94%). No differences in other clinical end points or adverse events were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Anchoring DPPSs reduced the risk of FcSEMS migration and increased the duration of FcSEMS patency without an increased risk of adverse events. Future studies are needed to corroborate these findings, determine the optimal DPPS technique, and to compare DPPS placement with other antimigratory modalities.
Development and ex vivo evaluation of a novel suction-based bile duct biopsy device.
Selaru LJ, Li J, Roshanshad R … +4 more , Evani S, Akshintala V, Belkoff S, Khashab M
IGIE · 2026 Jun · PMID 42394863 · Full text
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Histologic examination is considered the reference standard for diagnosing cancer. However, bile ducts and other narrow passages in the human body are difficult to biopsy. Current biopsy forceps coll...
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Histologic examination is considered the reference standard for diagnosing cancer. However, bile ducts and other narrow passages in the human body are difficult to biopsy. Current biopsy forceps collect tissue that is directly in front of and perpendicular to the instrument. In bile ducts, this is particularly challenging because angling the forceps is limited by tight spaces. This study presents a novel biopsy device and methodology capable of collecting tissue from areas parallel to the instrument. METHODS: We designed a biopsy device featuring a 4-lumen tube that can pass through the biopsy channel of an endoscope. The device includes several key components: a cutting blade, a mechanism to actuate the blade, a vacuum window for suction, and a tissue window for collecting samples. Testing was conducted using a bile duct phantom and a model constructed with porcine tissue. RESULTS: The device was successfully manufactured and tested in a controlled, ex vivo environment. It demonstrated the ability to navigate narrow conduits like bile ducts effectively. In addition, the device was able to suction tissue parallel to the instrument, cut it precisely, and retrieve it for histologic analysis. CONCLUSIONS: This newly developed biopsy device offers the ability to obtain tissue samples from areas parallel to the biopsy instrument. The lateral biopsy window significantly expands the surface area for tissue collection, a critical feature for narrow conduits like bile ducts. This advancement is especially important for improving early cancer diagnosis in such areas, where delays can lead to worse prognosis.
Zenker's diverticulum in the era of third-space endoscopy: innovations, challenges, and adverse event management.
Dimitrov D, Yang D, Draganov PV
IGIE · 2026 Jun · PMID 42394862 · Full text
Endoscopic management of Zenker's diverticulum has rapidly evolved with the emergence of innovative therapeutic endoscopic approaches and the integration of novel devices. These techniques offer unprecedented precision a...
Endoscopic management of Zenker's diverticulum has rapidly evolved with the emergence of innovative therapeutic endoscopic approaches and the integration of novel devices. These techniques offer unprecedented precision and safety, although rare, adverse events can become catastrophic if not promptly recognized and managed. This narrative review explores recent innovations in third-space techniques and novel devices, with a focused, detailed discussion on recognizing and effectively managing adverse events.
Submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection in challenging esophageal subepithelial lesions: a minimally invasive approach.
Elkholy S, Okasha H, Awad A … +5 more , Haggag H, Essam K, Yousef K, Zaher MA, El Sherbiny M
IGIE · 2026 Jun · PMID 42394861 · Full text
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection (STER) is a minimally invasive procedure for resecting esophageal subepithelial lesions (SELs), particularly those arising from the muscularis propria layer....
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection (STER) is a minimally invasive procedure for resecting esophageal subepithelial lesions (SELs), particularly those arising from the muscularis propria layer. This article presents 2 challenging cases of esophageal SELs successfully managed with STER. METHODS: Two esophageal SELs were managed with STER, which involved creating a submucosal tunnel for en bloc resection, followed by closure with hemostatic clips. Challenges related to lesion location, size, and patient comorbidities were addressed during the procedures. RESULTS: Both patients underwent successful en bloc resection of the SELs without adverse events. One presented with progressive dysphagia for 2 years, and the other with dysphagia and intermittent chest pain. Both experienced significant clinical improvement postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: STER offers an effective, minimally invasive alternative to surgery in challenging cases of esophageal SELs, demonstrating excellent results with reduced morbidity when performed with careful planning and multidisciplinary collaboration.
Liver stiffness at baseline as a marker of hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis: A matched analysis.
Mehta V, Goyal MK, Gupta YK … +5 more , Gupta A, Khubber M, Sehgal T, Mehta P, Goyal O
World J Gastrointest Pathophysiol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42394831 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Early hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) detection in cirrhosis remains suboptimal despite semi-annual ultrasound and alpha-fetoprotein surveillance. Advanced fibrosis is a central driver of hepatocarcinogenesis,...
BACKGROUND: Early hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) detection in cirrhosis remains suboptimal despite semi-annual ultrasound and alpha-fetoprotein surveillance. Advanced fibrosis is a central driver of hepatocarcinogenesis, and liver stiffness measurement (LSM) is a non-invasive measure of liver stiffness that may be associated with HCC risk. AIM: To evaluate whether LSM by transient elastography (TE) is associated with the presence of HCC among patients with established cirrhosis. METHODS: A retrospective, matched case-control study at a tertiary liver center including adults with cirrhosis and a valid TE (≥ 10 valid acquisitions, interquartile range < 30%, success rate > 60%) was conducted. Cirrhotic patients with diagnosed HCC per standard guidelines were frequency matched for age, sex, etiology, and Child-Pugh class with controls (cirrhotic patients without HCC). Multivariable logistic regression tested the association between LSM and HCC. Discrimination and cut-off points were assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and Youden's index. RESULTS: A total of 262 patients (133 with HCC; 129 controls) were enrolled. Median LSM was higher in the HCC cohort than in controls (31.7 kPa 22.6 kPa; < 0.001). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that only LSM was significantly associated with HCC (adjusted odds ratio 1.09; 95%CI: 1.05-1.13; = 0.0001). A cut-off of ≥ 47 kPa had excellent discriminatory power (area under the ROC curve: 0.88; 95%CI: 0.84-0.93). CONCLUSION: A liver stiffness threshold of approximately 47 kPa may serve as a marker associated with risk of HCC, justifying intensified screening in high-risk cirrhosis; prospective validation, integration with multivariable risk models, and cost-effectiveness analyses remain essential.
Occult constipation masking as irritable bowel syndrome with predominant diarrhea in Bangladeshi children.
Benzamin M, Chowdhury MZR, Chakroborty P … +4 more , Ahmed A, Tamal TB, Chowdhury A, Karim ASMB
World J Gastrointest Pathophysiol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42394829 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Occult constipation (OC) is defined by the absence of classical symptoms of constipation on initial clinical history, despite objective evidence of fecal retention, such as the presence of hard stool on digit...
BACKGROUND: Occult constipation (OC) is defined by the absence of classical symptoms of constipation on initial clinical history, despite objective evidence of fecal retention, such as the presence of hard stool on digital rectal examination or fecal impaction identified on plain abdominal radiography. It is frequently undiagnosed in children and presents with a diverse array of symptoms, such as abdominal pain and frequent defecation with mucoid feces. These symptoms are strikingly similar to irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) with diarrhea (IBS-D). AIM: To verify the hypothesis that OC may present with the features of IBS-D. METHODS: This is a prospective observational study that involves consecutive children who were referred to our center as primarily diagnosed with IBS-D (consistent with Rome IV criteria) by another physician and did not improve after at least three months of treatment. Patients presenting with red-flag symptoms suggestive of organic disease were excluded from the study. Patients who exhibited fecal impaction on a plain abdominal radiograph were diagnosed as OC and were administered magnesium hydroxide (milk of magnesia; 400 mg/5 mL) for a period of two months, with a progressive taper over the course of one month. Outcomes were assessed based on changes in pain intensity, frequency, and stool characteristics after the commencement of treatment. RESULTS: This study included 54 patients who were diagnosed with IBS-D by other consultants and were unresponsive to treatment. Of these patients, 49 (91%) had OC mimicking IBS-D. After commencing treatment for OC, 46 (94%) of the 49 patients demonstrated a positive clinical response (44 good, 2 satisfactory). CONCLUSION: Children presenting with IBS-D related symptoms who are unresponsive to standard therapy may benefit from evaluation for OC before considering escalation to more invasive investigations.
Primary Rectal Burkitt Lymphoma in a Child: A Case Report and a Review of the Literature.
Jouby M, Hiba I, Debbana M … +2 more , Al-Bitar A, Mahmod J
Case Rep Oncol · 2026 · PMID 42394757 · Full text
INTRODUCTION: Primary colorectal lymphomas are exceptionally rare in the pediatric population, with Burkitt lymphoma representing an even rarer subset. The nonspecific symptoms can often mimic benign conditions, leading...
INTRODUCTION: Primary colorectal lymphomas are exceptionally rare in the pediatric population, with Burkitt lymphoma representing an even rarer subset. The nonspecific symptoms can often mimic benign conditions, leading to delays in diagnosis. We report a case of primary rectal Burkitt lymphoma in a child who presented with isolated lower gastrointestinal bleeding. CASE PRESENTATION: A 10-year-old previously healthy boy presented with a 3-week history of painless, bright red blood per rectum. He had no systemic B symptoms, and his physical examination was unremarkable except for fresh blood on digital rectal examination. Initial workup revealed iron deficiency anemia and a markedly elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase. A contrast-enhanced CT scan demonstrated a large, heterogeneous mass at the rectosigmoid junction with associated mesorectal lymphadenopathy. Colonoscopy revealed multiple ulcerated polyps and a friable mass. Histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses confirmed the diagnosis of sporadic Burkitt lymphoma, characterized by a diffuse infiltrate of monomorphic lymphoid cells with a "starry-sky" appearance, positive for CD20 and CD10, and with a Ki-67 proliferation index approaching 100%. Staging investigations (bone marrow biopsy and lumbar puncture) confirmed localized disease (stage II). The patient was treated with a risk-adapted, multi-agent chemotherapy regimen (based on the FAB/LMB 96 protocol) followed by consolidative radiotherapy. He achieved complete remission, as confirmed by imaging 1 month posttreatment, and remains disease-free at his 18-month follow-up. CONCLUSION: This case highlights that primary rectal Burkitt lymphoma, though rare, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of persistent lower gastrointestinal bleeding in children. A high index of suspicion, combined with prompt endoscopic evaluation and biopsy, is crucial for early diagnosis. This report reinforces that with timely diagnosis and adherence to modern, risk-adapted chemotherapy protocols, even aggressive lymphomas in this unusual location can be highly curable, contributing to the limited body of literature on this rare entity.
Future Projection of Cystic Echinococcosis in Iran to 2040: A Secondary Analysis Based on Global Burden of Disease (2021).
Ahmadi B, Olfatifar M, Badri M … +1 more , Ghadir MR
Health Sci Rep · 2026 Jul · PMID 42394748 · Full text
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Hydatid cyst disease caused by poses a major zoonotic threat in Iran, especially in rural and pastoral areas. It causes considerable public health and economic costs due to high treatment expenses,...
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Hydatid cyst disease caused by poses a major zoonotic threat in Iran, especially in rural and pastoral areas. It causes considerable public health and economic costs due to high treatment expenses, decreased livestock productivity, and carcass condemnation. METHODS: We applied the illness-death model (IDM) by incorporating remission to simulate disease dynamics and project the age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) by sex at the national level and across 31 provinces of Iran. The model was calibrated using historical data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD). RESULTS: Nationally, ASPR is projected to decline from 8.87 in 2021 to 7.3 (6.9-7.7) by 2040, reflecting a 17.7% reduction. Females experience a sharper decline (-25.4%) than males (-11.6%), despite higher initial prevalence. By 2040, Gilan, Isfahan, Lorestan, and Ilam will have the highest ASPRs, while Sistan and Baluchistan, Kermanshah, and South Khorasan will have the lowest. Provincial declines vary, with the steepest in Sistan and Baluchistan (-28.7%), Kermanshah (-27.1%), and South Khorasan (-26.7%); Isfahan, Gilan, and Lorestan will see the smallest declines. CONCLUSION: Iran has made notable progress in controlling CE, but geographic and sex-based disparities persist due to socioecological and cultural differences. Success requires integrating zoonotic control with community-driven approaches. By focusing on pastoral vaccination, urban dog management, and culturally tailored education, Iran can shift from reducing prevalence to achieving elimination.
The diagnostic and predictive value of miR-145-3p in gastric cancer and its regulation of gastric cancer progression via targeting CREB1.
Yao K, Zhu Y, Zhang B
Int J Biol Markers · 2026 · PMID 42394505 · Publisher ↗
BackgroundGastric cancer (GC) is a highly prevalent malignant tumor worldwide. Traditional treatment approaches have numerous limitations, and messenger RNA (mRNA)-targeted therapy offers a new direction for the treatmen...
BackgroundGastric cancer (GC) is a highly prevalent malignant tumor worldwide. Traditional treatment approaches have numerous limitations, and messenger RNA (mRNA)-targeted therapy offers a new direction for the treatment of GC.ObjectiveTo investigate the expression characteristics and clinical significance of miR-145-3p in GC, as well as its mechanism of action in regulating GC cell function by targeting CREB1.MethodsQuantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of miR-145-3p and CREB1 in GC tissues, serum, and cell lines. Cell Counting Kit-8, Transwell, and qRT-PCR assays were employed to evaluate the effects of miR-145-3p and CREB1 on GC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis. Bioinformatics prediction, dual-luciferase reporter assays, and rescue experiments were conducted to validate the targeted regulatory relationship between miR-145-3p and CREB1. Downstream signaling pathways were analyzed using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses.ResultsmiR-145-3p is significantly downregulated in GC, which is closely linked with tumor malignant progression and negative prognosis. miR-145-3p mimic inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cells while promoting apoptosis; conversely, CREB1 OE produces the opposite effect. Bioinformatics and functional experiments confirmed that miR-145-3p targets CREB1, and CREB1 OE partially reverses the tumor-suppressive effects of miR-145-3p. GO and KEGG analyses revealed that the miR-145-3p/CREB1 axis participates in transcription regulation, metabolism, and virus-related carcinogenesis pathways.ConclusionmiR-145-3p exerts effects in GC, at least in part, by targeting and inhibiting CREB1, positioning it as a potential molecular target for GC diagnosis, prognosis assessment, and mRNA-targeted therapy.
A Microenvironment-Driven Peptide Nanoplatform Enhances Ferroptosis and Antiangiogenic Activity for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Therapy.
Chen Y, Liu Y, Sun X … +10 more , Li Q, Chen Y, Liu Z, Lin F, Song Y, Li J, Gong Z, Xiao X, Sun C, Bai J
ACS Biomater Sci Eng · 2026 Jul · PMID 42394420 · Publisher ↗
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains a major clinical challenge due to its aggressive nature and limited therapeutic options. Among emerging therapeutic approaches, ferroptosis induction has attracted increasing...
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains a major clinical challenge due to its aggressive nature and limited therapeutic options. Among emerging therapeutic approaches, ferroptosis induction has attracted increasing attention due to its unique mode of action; however, its efficacy is often restricted by insufficient intratumoral drug accumulation and the abnormal tumor vascular microenvironment. Here, we designed a CREKA-modified peptide, Pep1, to actively target tumor-associated fibrin and increase accumulation in the tumor and further developed a pH-responsive self-assembling nanoplatform, PS/Pep1. PS/Pep1 significantly improved intratumoral drug bioavailability, promoted lipid peroxidation, suppressed glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) activity, and downregulated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression, thereby inducing ferroptosis- and apoptosis-mediated tumor cell death while suppressing angiogenesis. Upon exposure to the acidic tumor microenvironment, PS/Pep1 transformed from spherical nanoparticles into aggregates with high aspect ratios, facilitating deep tumor penetration and sustained local retention. In summary, this study presents a smart nanomedicine strategy that integrates active targeting, microenvironment-responsive structural transformation, and the synergistic regulation of ferroptosis-mediated cell death and angiogenesis, providing a promising therapeutic paradigm for TNBC treatment.
TIME-trend and forecasting of the economic impact of inflammatory bowel disease in Catalonia: a population-based analysis.
Garcia-Sagué B, Brunet-Mas E, Vela E … +12 more , Coward S, Calvet X, Pontes C, Melcarne L, Frisancho LE, Llovet LP, Pedregal-Pascual P, Puy A, Ramirez-Lazaro MJ, Villoria A, Lario S, Kaplan GG
J Med Econ · 2026 Dec · PMID 42394418 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Few studies have assessed the distribution and temporal trends of healthcare expenditures related to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aims of the study were to analyze the expenditure trends for IBD pa...
INTRODUCTION: Few studies have assessed the distribution and temporal trends of healthcare expenditures related to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aims of the study were to analyze the expenditure trends for IBD patients in Catalonia from 2011 to 2024, to identify key cost drivers, and to forecast future costs through 2036. METHODS: All patients with a diagnosis of IBD included in the Catalan Health Surveillance System (CHSS) were eligible. CHSS compiles prospective data from public healthcare coverage of 8 million people in 2024. Healthcare utilization was analyzed, and expenditures were calculated using standard costs defined by the Catalan Department of Health. All expenditures were adjusted to 2024 euros using the Consumer Price Index to enable comparisons across years. Costs were estimated for IBD overall, Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). An autoregressive integrated moving average model was used to forecast total costs up to 2036. RESULTS: IBD-related healthcare expenditure tripled from €67.4 M in 2011 to €201.6 M in 2024, while per-patient costs rose from €3,981 to €4,753. Biologic therapies were the main cost driver, especially in CD. Mean per-patient biologic costs decreased by 16.6% in CD but increased by 44.5% in UC. CD patients consistently incurred higher per capita costs. Forecasts indicate continued growth in total expenditure, reaching €319.0 M by 2036. CONCLUSION: Overall, IBD-related healthcare expenditures in Catalonia markedly increased from 2011 to 2024, driven mainly by the increase in IBD prevalence. Per-patient cost moderately increased. Per-patient cost containment was observed in pharmaceutical costs, probably due to a strict policy favoring the use of biosimilars. These findings may be of help for designing future healthcare policies.
Risk of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Impact on Outcomes: A Multi-Centre Matched Analysis.
Eldesouki MH, Ibrahim A, Marey MM … +6 more , Francis FF, Alsakarneh S, Ayala E, Shaukat A, Farraye FA, Hashash JG
Aliment Pharmacol Ther · 2026 Jul · PMID 42394415 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) share chronic inflammation and immune dysregulation. AIM: We evaluated the incidence of MPNs among patients with IBD and clinical outco...
BACKGROUND: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) share chronic inflammation and immune dysregulation. AIM: We evaluated the incidence of MPNs among patients with IBD and clinical outcomes of IBD-MPN coexistence. METHODS: Two retrospective cohort analyses were conducted using the TriNetX database. First, adults with ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn's disease (CD) were compared with matched non-IBD controls to estimate incident MPN risk. A coexistence second analysis included patients with UC or CD who developed MPNs and then were matched to IBD without MPN controls to assess 5-year outcomes, including IBD-related complications, surgical interventions, colorectal cancer (CRC) and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Medication subgroup analyses were performed to evaluate associations with MPN risk. RESULTS: After matching, 3873 patients with UC-MPN and 3474 patients with CD-MPN were included. Compared with matched non-IBD controls, incident MPN risk was higher in UC (HR 1.60, p = 0.01) and CD (HR 1.56, p < 0.001). In CD, MPN coexistence was associated with higher risks of CRC (HR 1.52, p = 0.012), intestinal fistula (HR 2.84, p < 0.001), obstruction (HR 2.05, p < 0.001), perforation (HR 2.37, p < 0.001), small bowel resection (HR 3.69, p < 0.001) and colectomy (HR 2.10, p < 0.001). In UC, MPN coexistence was associated with higher risks of CRC (HR 1.50, p = 0.001), PSC (HR 1.75, p = 0.03) and pouchitis (HR 1.68, p = 0.003). Exposure to thiopurines (HR 1.28, p < 0.001) was associated with increased MPN risk, whereas TNF, IL-23 and JAK inhibitors were not. CONCLUSIONS: IBD is associated with increased MPN risk, and IBD-MPNs coexistence is associated with worse IBD-related complications and malignancy risk.
About
- Frequency
- Sun
- Papers found
- 200
- RSS feed
- Subscribe