Int J Hypertens [JOURNAL]
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200 papers
Blood Pressure Control, Accessibility, and Adherence to Antihypertensive Medications: Patients Seeking Care in Two Hospitals in the Ashanti Region of Ghana.
Adomako NO, Marfo AFA, Opare-Addo MNA … +2 more , Nyamekye N, Owusu-Daaku FT
Int J Hypertens · 2021 · PMID 34327016 · Full text
Hypertension is the second leading cause of death in Ghana, partly accounting for two-thirds of all medical admissions and more than 50% of deaths. This study aimed to comparatively evaluate adherence and accessibility t...
Hypertension is the second leading cause of death in Ghana, partly accounting for two-thirds of all medical admissions and more than 50% of deaths. This study aimed to comparatively evaluate adherence and accessibility to antihypertensive medications at two different levels of healthcare facilities in Kumasi, Ghana, and determine factors associated with medicine accessibility and adherence. A cross-sectional study involving outpatient department (OPD) hypertensive patients, 143 at KNUST Hospital (UHS) and 342 at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH), was conducted using a semistructured questionnaire. Correlations were drawn to evaluate the effect of accessibility and adherence on blood pressure control. A face-to-face interview was also conducted with relevant stakeholders involved in procurement of medicines. Blood pressure was uncontrolled in 50.4% ( = 72) of participants at UHS and 52.9% ( = 181) at KATH. With respect to medicine accessibility, 98.8% ( = 338) and 42.9% ( = 61) received at least one medication from the hospital pharmacy of KATH and UHS, respectively. Using MARS-10, 49.2% ( = 70) and 52.9% ( = 181) were nonadherent in UHS and KATH, respectively. There was a significant association between adherence and BP control at both UHS (=0.038) and KATH (=0.043). At UHS, there was a significant association between accessibility to medicines at the hospital and BP control (=0.031), whilst at KATH, no significant association was observed (=0.198). Supply chain practices and delays in payment by the NHIA affected accessibility to antihypertensive medications. Blood pressure control was inadequate among participants in both facilities. Accessibility to medicines was better at the tertiary facility compared to the secondary facility. Increased accessibility and adherence to antihypertensives were related to blood pressure control in both facilities. Good supply chain practices and prompt payment by the National Health Insurance Authority would enhance accessibility to antihypertensive medications.
Body Mass Index Trajectories during 6-18 Years Old and the Risk of Hypertension in Young Adult: A Longitudinal Study in Chinese Population.
Teng H, Hu J, Ge W … +5 more , Dai Q, Liu J, Xiao C, Yin J, Zhu X
Int J Hypertens · 2021 · PMID 34327015 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Overweight/obesity in childhood is suggested to increase the risk of hypertension later in life. We aimed to assess whether and how body mass index (BMI) trajectories during 6-18 years of age are associated w...
BACKGROUND: Overweight/obesity in childhood is suggested to increase the risk of hypertension later in life. We aimed to assess whether and how body mass index (BMI) trajectories during 6-18 years of age are associated with hypertension in young adulthood (18-37 years) in the Chinese population. METHODS: Based on the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), a total of 1,872 participants who received ≥2 measurements of BMI during 6-18 years and had assessment of blood pressure (BP) in young adulthood were included. BMI trajectories were explored using latent class growth mixture models, and associations between identified trajectories with hypertension in young adulthood were examined by logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: Five heterogeneous BMI trajectories were identified: the low slow-increasing (20.03%), low moderate-increasing (56.14%), low rapid-increasing (17.04%), moderate-increasing (3.63%), and elevated-decreasing (3.15%) groups. Compared with the low slow-increasing group, another three increasing groups had gradually elevated risk of hypertension, yielding maximally adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) (OR (95% CI)) of 2.48 (1.39-4.42), 3.24 (1.66-6.31), and 3.28 (1.19-9.08), respectively, whereas the elevated-decreasing group reversed overweight/obesity to normal weight in childhood, rendering its association with hypertension as not statistically significant (OR (95% CI) = 2.74 (0.98-7.65)). CONCLUSION: Our study indicates that there are varied BMI trajectories from childhood to adulthood and that an elevated BMI trajectory during childhood is related with an increased risk of hypertension in young adulthood. In contrast, weight loss of children with high initial BMI may mitigate or reverse the risk. Our findings emphasize the importance of BMI continuous monitoring during early life.
Behavioral and Sociodemographic Determinants of Hypertension and Its Burden among Bank Employees in Metropolitan Cities of Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia.
Shitu K, Kassie A
Int J Hypertens · 2021 · PMID 34327014 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Hypertension is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease and premature death worldwide. Bank workers are at higher risk of hypertension because of their work sedentary characteristics. However, little is k...
BACKGROUND: Hypertension is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease and premature death worldwide. Bank workers are at higher risk of hypertension because of their work sedentary characteristics. However, little is known about the prevalence and determinants of hypertension among this group of population. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of hypertension among bank employees in metropolitan cities in Amhara Regional State of Ethiopia. METHOD: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 368 bank employees. A simple random sampling technique was used to select participants. A pretested self-administered questionnaire and biophysical measurements were employed to collect the data. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analyses were done to summarize the data and identify factors associated with hypertension, respectively. RESULT: The overall prevalence of hypertension among bank employees was 52.4% (95% CI: 47.2, 57.7). Increased age (AOR = 1.1, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.11), male sex (AOR = 2.5, 95% CI: 1.2, 5.1), overweight (AOR = 2.7, 95% CI: 1.5, 5.2), obesity (AOR = 5.6, 95% CI: 2.0, 11.3), moderate/high physical activity (AOR = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.2, 0.62), daily fruit intake (AOR = 0.1, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.3), stressful life event experience (AOR = 1.8, 95% CI: 1.01, 3.4), family history of hypertension (AOR = 2.8, 95% CI: 1.5, 5.4), and poor knowledge of CVDs (AOR = 2.4, 95% CI: 1.2, 4.8) were significantly associated with hypertension. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of hypertension among bank workers was very high. Increased age, male sex, overweight and obesity, daily fruit intake, moderate/high physical activity, the experience of stressful events, familial history of hypertension, and poor CVDs knowledge were associated with hypertension. Thus, raising awareness about cardiovascular disorders and behavior change interventions that enhance bank workers' engagement in physical exercise, screening behavior, and a healthy diet is urgently required for this group of population.
Language and Communication Impact of Hypertension: A Qualitative Study.
Amponsem-Boateng C, Oppong TB, Zhang W … +4 more , Abdulai T, Boakye-Yiadom J, Wang L, Duodu Kyere EK
Int J Hypertens · 2021 · PMID 34306745 · Full text
. Hypertension (HTN) is the second main source of outpatient morbidity in Ghana, and the understanding of a disease is necessary for its prevention and management. Language and communication are contributing factors to H...
. Hypertension (HTN) is the second main source of outpatient morbidity in Ghana, and the understanding of a disease is necessary for its prevention and management. Language and communication are contributing factors to HTN in Ghana. No studies have been conducted to assess knowledge/awareness of HTN (in the context of its understanding) among students in Ghana. Following a local name for HTN in Ghana, researchers interviewed students through a focus group to assess their understanding/perception (meaning, cause, and prevention) of the disease. Available literature has concerned itself with clients' knowledge of their condition (diagnosis) rather than their comprehension of the true nature of what HTN is. The objective of this study is to assess the knowledge/awareness of HTN in the context of its understanding of the meaning, perception, causes, and prevention of hypertension among students of Ghana's Senior High School (Second Cycle). Semistructured interviews with the use of the theme lists were employed. Focus group conversations and interviews were held in the local Akan (Twi) language, which was later translated, interpreted, and analyzed. Overall, 25 second-cycle students participated. 60% were between 15 and 17 years, 24% were ≥18 years, and 16% were <15 years of age. Males were 44% and females were 56%. Students gave diverse perceptions of their knowledge of HTN. The local language's translation of HTN has influenced and affected its meaning/understanding among some, thus affecting their perception of causes and prevention.
Genetic Variation in Taste Receptor Genes (1, 1) and Its Correlation with the Perception of Saltiness in Normotensive and Hypertensive Adults.
Tapanee P, Tidwell DK, Schilling MW … +2 more , Peterson DG, Tolar-Peterson T
Int J Hypertens · 2021 · PMID 34150338 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Different taste preferences correlated with genetic variations may lead to food consumption patterns that contribute to nutrient-related health outcomes such as hypertension. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study...
BACKGROUND: Different taste preferences correlated with genetic variations may lead to food consumption patterns that contribute to nutrient-related health outcomes such as hypertension. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the salt taste receptor genes 1 and 1 affect salt taste perception among normotensive and hypertensive people. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional case control study by design consisting of a normotensive and hypertensive group. Participants were 253 adults with age range of 20-82 residing in Mississippi, USA. For each of 128 normotensives and 125 hypertensives, the salt taste recognition threshold and salt taste receptor genotype were determined. RESULTS: The hypertensive group had a higher salt taste recognition threshold than the normotensive group ( < 0.001). The polymorphism of 1, rs4790522, with the AA genotype was associated with a higher salt recognition threshold (lower salt taste sensitivity) in people with hypertension and obesity. Moreover, the polymorphism of 1, rs8065080, and 1, rs239345, genes were associated with a risk of hypertension (=0.016 and =0.024). CONCLUSION: Correlations between SNPs, salt taste sensitivity, and hypertension risk were observed. People with hypertension had a higher salt taste threshold than those with normotension.
The Association between Gly460Trp-Polymorphism of Alpha-Adducin 1 Gene () and Arterial Hypertension Development in Ukrainian Population.
Yermolenko S, Chumachenko Y, Orlovskyi V … +2 more , Moiseyenko I, Orlovskyi O
Int J Hypertens · 2021 · PMID 34055401 · Full text
Arterial hypertension (AH) belongs to the diseases with genetic predisposition that determines the necessity of research on the genetic component's influence on this disease development. It is suggested that one of the s...
Arterial hypertension (AH) belongs to the diseases with genetic predisposition that determines the necessity of research on the genetic component's influence on this disease development. It is suggested that one of the salt-sensitive arterial hypertension potential markers may be the alpha-adducin gene because its protein product is involved in the ion transport regulation in the renal epithelium. Thus, the aim of the study was to investigate the association between Gly460Trp-polymorphism and the AH development risk among patients with different risk factors in the Ukrainian population. The study included 232 Ukrainians: 120 patients with diagnosed arterial hypertension and 112 practically healthy individuals. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis was used for Gly460Trp-polymorphism genotyping. The Gly460Trp-polymorphic locus is an important predictor of arterial hypertension development in the Ukrainian population, but other nongenetic factors should be considered in further studies.
Lack of Association between Interarm Systolic Blood Pressure Difference and Coronary Artery Disease in Patients Undergoing Elective Coronary Angiography.
Mohamadi MH, Rai A, Rezaei M … +1 more , Khatony A
Int J Hypertens · 2021 · PMID 34040809 · Full text
AIM: Peripheral vascular disease (PVD) and coronary artery disease (CAD) are, in many cases, asymptomatic and not usually diagnosed. The timely diagnosis of peripheral vascular diseases can act as an indicator or practic...
AIM: Peripheral vascular disease (PVD) and coronary artery disease (CAD) are, in many cases, asymptomatic and not usually diagnosed. The timely diagnosis of peripheral vascular diseases can act as an indicator or practical evidence of CAD. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the relationship between interarm systolic blood pressure difference (IASBPD) and severity and number of coronary artery stenosis. METHODS: The samples in this cross-sectional study consisted of 578 patients who were candidates for coronary angiography, with an average age of 57.5 ± 10.5 years. Patients were classified according to CAD and number and severity of coronary artery stenosis. The relationship between IASBPD and presence or lack of CAD as well as the number and severity of coronary artery stenosis was studied. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value of IASBPD index were calculated for the detection of CAD using the Kappa coefficient. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant relationship between IASBPD, CAD, and severity and number of coronary artery stenosis. This index had low sensitivity and predictive value in the diagnosis of CAD and stenosis in coronary arteries in comparison with angiography. CONCLUSION: The results showed that the IASBPD index cannot be a valid criterion for the diagnosis of CAD as well as the number and severity of coronary artery stenosis. More studies with larger sample sizes and different designs are needed in this regard to achieve more conclusive results.
Efficacy of ARB/HCTZ Combination Therapy in Uncontrolled Hypertensive Patients Compared with ARB Monotherapy: A Meta-Analysis.
Ma L, Zheng K, Yan J … +1 more , Cheng W
Int J Hypertens · 2021 · PMID 33996152 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of combination of angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) with hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) compared to ARB alone in patients with uncontrolled hypertension via a systematic review and meta-a...
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of combination of angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) with hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) compared to ARB alone in patients with uncontrolled hypertension via a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS: We searched databases till July 2019 using relevant search terms. We included articles that were randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing ARB/HCTZ with ARB for a duration of at least 4 weeks and reported on the efficacy or safety. Meta-analyses for efficacy outcomes were performed. In addition, groups given different concentrations of HCTZ (12.5 and 25 mg) were analysed separately. RESULTS: Sixteen RCTs (12,055 participants) were included. Overall, ARB/HCTZ combination therapy (both 12.5 and 25 mg HCTZ combination) resulted in better sitting systolic and diastolic blood pressure control than ARB alone (mean difference (95% confidence interval (CI): -5.69 [-6.66, -4.73] for 12.5 mg and -9.10 [-11.78, -6.42] for 25 mg and mean difference (95% CI): -2.91 [-3.31, -2.51] for 12.5 mg and -4.16 [-4.75, -3.58] for 25 mg). ARB/HCTZ combination therapy resulted in a higher rate of target blood pressure achievement compared to ARB alone (risk ratio (95% CI): 1.50 [1.42, 1.59]). ARB/HCTZ combination therapy had similar rates of total adverse events (AEs) and severe AEs compared to ARB alone. CONCLUSION: ARB/HCTZ combination therapy is more efficacious for controlling blood pressure, and combination with a low concentration of HCTZ has similar AEs compared to ARB alone. Clinicians should consider adding HCTZ in the medication regime of patients with uncontrolled hypertension using ARB, if their clinical profile allows.
Home Blood Pressure Control and Drug Prescription Patterns among Thai Hypertensives: A 1-Year Analysis of Telehealth Assisted Instrument in Home Blood Pressure Monitoring Nationwide Pilot Project.
Sakulsupsiri A, Chattranukulchai P, Siwamogsatham S … +15 more , Boonchayaanant P, Naeowong W, Ariyachaipanich A, Lertsuwunseri V, Rungpradubvong V, Satitthummanid S, Puwanant S, Srimahachota S, Buddhari W, Boonyaratavej S, Sitthisook S, Shantavasinkul P, Buranakitjaroen P, Sukonthasarn A, Sangwatanaroj S
Int J Hypertens · 2021 · PMID 33953972 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Several interventions have been proposed to improve hypertension control with various outcomes. The home blood pressure (HBP) measurement is widely accepted for assessing the response to medications. However,...
BACKGROUND: Several interventions have been proposed to improve hypertension control with various outcomes. The home blood pressure (HBP) measurement is widely accepted for assessing the response to medications. However, the enhancement of blood pressure (BP) control with HBP telemonitoring technology has yet to be studied in Thailand. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the attainment of HBP control and drug prescription patterns in Thai hypertensives at one year after initiating the TeleHealth Assisted Instrument in Home Blood Pressure Monitoring (THAI HBPM) nationwide pilot project. METHODS: A multicenter, prospective study enrolled treated hypertensive adults without prior regular HBPM to obtain monthly self-measured HBP using the same validated, oscillometric telemonitoring devices. The HBP reading was transferred to the clinic via a cloud-based system, so the physicians can adjust the medications at each follow-up visit on a real-life basis. Controlled HBP is defined as having HBP data at one year of follow-up within the defined target range (<135/85 mmHg). RESULTS: A total of 1,177 patients (mean age 58 ± 12.3 years, 59.4% women, 13.1% with diabetes) from 46 hospitals (81.5% primary care centers) were enrolled in the study. The mean clinic BP was 143.9 ± 18.1/84.3 ± 11.9 mmHg while the mean HBP was 134.4 ± 15.3/80.1 ± 9.4 mmHg with 609 (51.8%) patients having HBP reading <135/85 mmHg at enrollment. At one year of follow-up after implementing the HBP telemonitoring, 671 patients (57.0%) achieved HBP control. Patients with uncontrolled HBP had a higher prevalence of dyslipidemia and greater waist circumference than the controlled group. The majority of uncontrolled patients were still prescribed only one (36.0%) or two drugs (34.4%) at the end of the study. The antihypertensive drugs were not uptitrated in 136 (24%) patients with uncontrolled HBP at baseline. Calcium channel blocker was the most prescribed drug class (63.0%) followed by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (44.8%) while the thiazide-type diuretic was used in 18.9% of patients with controlled HBP and 16.4% in uncontrolled patients. CONCLUSION: With the implementation of HBP telemonitoring, the BP control rate based on HBP analysis was still low. This is possibly attributed to the therapeutic inertia of healthcare physicians. Calcium channel blocker was the most frequently used agent while the diuretic was underutilized. The long-term clinical benefit of overcoming therapeutic inertia alongside HBP telemonitoring needs to be validated in a future study.
Proliferative Glomerulonephritis: Risk Factor for Hypertension in Lupus.
Mbengue M, Lot ML, Diagne S … +1 more , Niang A
Int J Hypertens · 2021 · PMID 33953971 · Full text
Studies report a high prevalence of hypertension in lupus, reaching up to 74%. The incidence of hypertension in SLE patients is increased with the severity of the kidney damage. This work was carried out with the objecti...
Studies report a high prevalence of hypertension in lupus, reaching up to 74%. The incidence of hypertension in SLE patients is increased with the severity of the kidney damage. This work was carried out with the objective of determining the prevalence of hypertension in lupus nephritis and to seek the existence of an association between the presence of a proliferative glomerulonephritis and hypertension. This was a case-control study, carried out in the nephrology department of the Aristide Le Dantec University Hospital in Dakar. All records of patients with lupus nephritis over a 10-year period, from January 01, 2007, to December 31, 2016, were included. . During the study period, out of 64 lupus nephritis records collected, 28 patients had hypertension, for a hospital prevalence of 43.75%. The mean age of the patients was 30.64 years ± 10.44. There were 24 women and 4 men. The mean systolic blood pressure was 156 mmHg (110-220) and the mean diastolic blood pressure was 100 mmHg (80-130). The mean serum creatinine was 29.48 mg/l ± 24.99. The mean proteinuria was 4.50 g/24 h ± 2.87. Hypertriglyceridemia was observed in one patient. Hypercholesterolemia was present in 3 patients. HDL levels were normal in all patients and elevated LDL levels were noted in all 4 patients. None of our patients had diabetes. Class III was found in 11 cases, class IV in 14 cases, pure class V in 2 cases, and class II in 1 case. Hypertension was associated with the presence of proliferative glomerulonephritis (odds ratio, 7.45; 95% CI, 1.9 to 29.1; =0.002). . Hypertension is common in lupus nephritis. The presence of a proliferative glomerulonephritis is a risk factor for the development of arterial hypertension. Screening and adequate management of hypertension are essential for the prevention of the progression of chronic kidney disease in lupus.
Barriers to Access to Treatment for Hypertensive Patients in Primary Health Care of Less Developed Northwest China: A Predictive Nomogram.
Wang L, Heizhati M, Cai X … +5 more , Li M, Yang Z, Wang Z, Abudereyimu R, Li N
Int J Hypertens · 2021 · PMID 33953970 · Full text
BACKGROUND: This study aims to evaluate the risk factors associated with untreated hypertension and develop and internally validate untreated risk nomograms in patients with hypertension among primary health care of less...
BACKGROUND: This study aims to evaluate the risk factors associated with untreated hypertension and develop and internally validate untreated risk nomograms in patients with hypertension among primary health care of less developed Northwest China. METHODS: A total of 895 eligible patients with hypertension in primary health care of less developed Northwest China were divided into a training set ( = 626) and a validation set ( = 269). Untreated hypertension was defined as not taking antihypertensive medication during the past two weeks. Using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression model, we identified the optimized risk factors of nontreatment, followed by establishment of a prediction nomogram. The discriminative ability, calibration, and clinical usefulness were determined using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), calibration curve, and decision analysis. The results were assessed by internal validation in the validation set. RESULTS: Five independent risk factors were derived from LASSO regression model and entered into the nomogram: age, herdsman, family income per member, altitude of habitation, and comorbidity. The nomogram displayed a robust discrimination with an AUC of 0.859 (95% confidence interval: 0.812-0.906) and good calibration. The nomogram was clinically useful when the intervention was decided at the untreated possibility threshold of 7% to 91% in the decision curve analysis. Results were confirmed by internal validation. CONCLUSIONS: Our nomogram showed favorable predictive accuracy for untreated hypertension in primary health care of less developed Northwest China and might help primary health care assess the risk of nontreatment in patients with hypertension.
The Prevalence of Hypertension and Associated Risk Factors among Secondary School Teachers in Bahir Dar City Administration, Northwest Ethiopia.
Damtie D, Bereket A, Bitew D … +1 more , Kerisew B
Int J Hypertens · 2021 · PMID 33953969 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Hypertension is one of the noncommunicable cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and its prevalence is rising in middle- and low-income countries. It is not given enough attention in the developing countries like E...
BACKGROUND: Hypertension is one of the noncommunicable cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and its prevalence is rising in middle- and low-income countries. It is not given enough attention in the developing countries like Ethiopia. Not enough data and studies about hypertension are available in Ethiopia. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of hypertension and its associated risk factors among secondary school teachers in Bahir Dar city administration. METHODS: An institutional-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among secondary school teachers in Bahir Dar. Two hundred twenty-two randomly selected teachers were interviewed, and data related to the demographic, behavioral, health, and dietary characteristics of the individuals were recorded. Blood pressure data were taken. Logistic regression analysis had been used to assess independent risk factors for hypertension. -values of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of hypertension in the study was 29.28%. Age 41 to 50 (AOR: 2.506; 95% CI: 1.103-5.694; and =0.028), having self-reported diabetes mellitus (AOR: 8.595; 95% CI: 2.795-26.424; and < 0.0001), having a family history of hypertension (AOR: 3.387; 95% CI: 1.579-7.285; and =0.002), khat chewing (AOR: 5.426; 95% CI: 1.811-16.256; and =0.003), physical inactivity (AOR: 5.212; 95% CI: 1.974-13.763; and =0.001), and presence of self-reported repeated stress (AOR: 3.027; 95% CI: 1.404-6.527; and =0.005) were the risk factors associated with hypertension. CONCLUSIONS: Different intervention measures with a particular emphasis on prevention by introducing lifestyle modifications are highly recommended to mitigate and control hypertension.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Hypertension, Diabetes, and Dyslipidemia among Adults in Northwest China.
Qiu L, Wang W, Sa R … +1 more , Liu F
Int J Hypertens · 2021 · PMID 33936811 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: To understand the prevalence and its risk factors of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia among adults aged over 18 years in Northwest China and provide data for the prevention and control of chro...
OBJECTIVE: To understand the prevalence and its risk factors of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia among adults aged over 18 years in Northwest China and provide data for the prevention and control of chronic diseases in Northwest China. METHODS: Three waves of survey on chronic diseases and nutrition monitoring with multistage stratified cluster random sampling were conducted in 10 counties of Northwest China in 2013, 2015, and 2018, respectively. Personal information, socioeconomic status (SES), and behavioral risk factors (cigarettes smoking, alcohol consumption, diets, and physical activity) were collected by face-to-face interview. Height, weight, and blood pressure were measured, and blood glucose and serum lipid were tested. Prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia of the three waves was estimated, and multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze their risk factors. RESULTS: The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia was 41.59%, 11.16%, and 32.48%, respectively. Their standardized prevalence was 29.31%, 7.94%, and 31.54%. Univariate analysis showed that the prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia was significantly different among educational levels, marital status, occupation, smoking, drinking, central obesity, and BMI classification ( < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that factors like male gender, central obesity, overweight, and obesity were associated with hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia ( < 0.05). High BMI index is one of the risk factors of the three diseases. The odds ratio (OR) of general overweight associated with hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia was 1.663, 1.206, and 1.579 compared to normal body weight, respectively. And that was 3.094, 1.565, and 2.285 for obesity. Age was one of the risk factors for hypertension and diabetes ( < 0.05). Age groups of 45-59 years and 60 years and above were more associated with hypertension than of 18-44 age group (OR = 2.777, OR = 6.948), similar to their association with diabetes (OR = 2.357, OR = 3.521). Daily smoking is associated with diabetes and dyslipidemia (OR = 1.217, OR = 1.287) and alcohol drinking associated with hypertension and dyslipidemia (OR = 1.014, OR = 1.034). Hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia were also associated with each other ( < 0.05). The number of participants with hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia accounted for 2.33% of all the participants, 15.60% for participants with hypertension and dyslipidemia, 4.58% for hypertension and diabetes, and 3.57% for diabetes and dyslipidemia, respectively. CONCLUSION: Factors like male, smoking, drinking, central obesity, overweight, and obesity were associated with hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia in northwest China. Interventions on these risk factors and coexistence of the three diseases may help improve public health in this area.
Self-Care Practice and Associated Factors among Hypertensive Patients in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Wondmieneh A, Gedefaw G, Getie A … +1 more , Demis A
Int J Hypertens · 2021 · PMID 33898063 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Hypertension is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in developing countries including Ethiopia. Self-care practice has been provided as one of the most important preventive mechanisms of hype...
BACKGROUND: Hypertension is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in developing countries including Ethiopia. Self-care practice has been provided as one of the most important preventive mechanisms of hypertension and is considered as a basic treatment for hypertension. There is no national-level study that assesses hypertensive self-care practice in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the pooled level of hypertensive self-care practices and associated factors in Ethiopia. METHODS: This study was carried out using published and unpublished articles accessed from databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, HENARI, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus, African Journals, and university repositories. Data were extracted using a standard data extraction format. Data analysis was carried out using STATA version 11. Heterogeneity across the included studies was assessed using Cochrane's Q statistics and test with its corresponding values. Publication bias was determined using Egger's test and presented with a funnel plot. The pooled level of hypertensive self-care practice was estimated using a random-effects meta-analysis model. RESULTS: This systematic review included 17 cross-sectional studies with 5,248 study participants. The overall pooled level of self-care practice among hypertensive patients in Ethiopia was 41.55% (95% CI 33.06, 50.05). Participant formal education (AOR = 2.82; 95% CI 2.18, 3.64) and good knowledge of hypertension (AOR = 4.04; 95% CI 2.19, 7.44) were significantly associated with self-care practice among hypertensive patients in Ethiopia. CONCLUSION: In this study, more than half of hypertensive patients had poor hypertensive self-care practice in Ethiopia. Participant's formal education and good knowledge of hypertension were significantly associated with self-care practice among people living with hypertension in Ethiopia. Therefore, based on the evidence of this study, we recommended that programmers and policymakers should enhance the awareness of hypertensive patients on self-care practice domains and strengthen local programs working on noncommunicable diseases.
The Effects of Renal Nerve Denervation on Blood Pressure and Target Organs in Different Hypertensive Rat Models.
Liu D, Wang J, Hu H … +4 more , Gu G, Ding R, Xie R, Cui W
Int J Hypertens · 2021 · PMID 33884205 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Hypertension contributes to the progression of cardiac remodeling and renal damage. In turn, renal sympathetic hyperactivation showed elevated sympathetic nervous system activity and led to blood pressure inc...
BACKGROUND: Hypertension contributes to the progression of cardiac remodeling and renal damage. In turn, renal sympathetic hyperactivation showed elevated sympathetic nervous system activity and led to blood pressure increase in certain patients. The purpose of this study was to observe the effect of renal nerve denervation on blood pressure and target organ changes in two hypertensive rat models. METHODS: Hypertensive rats were randomly divided into a renal denervation (RDN) group and sham operation group. Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats of the same age were set as the baseline control group. In the secondary hypertension model, SD rats were randomly divided into five groups. Blood pressure and bodyweight were measured every week until they were euthanized. RESULTS: The two rat models underwent RDN at key timepoints. At these timepoints, the hearts and kidneys were collected for norepinephrine and angiotensin II measurements and histological analysis. CONCLUSION: RDN performed before development of hypertension showed a significant antihypertensive effect on the secondary hypertension model.
Prevalence of Hypertension and Associated Factors in Lubumbashi City, Democratic Republic of Congo: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study.
Musung JM, Kakoma PK, Kaut Mukeng C … +9 more , Tshimanga SL, Munkemena Banze JP, Kaj NK, Kamuna MK, Mwamba JK, Nkulu DN, Katchunga PB, Mukuku O, Muyumba EK
Int J Hypertens · 2021 · PMID 33880188 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Hypertension is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality worldwide. Its struggle involves knowing its prevalence. Insufficient data on hypertension in adults in Lubumbashi, Democrat...
BACKGROUND: Hypertension is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality worldwide. Its struggle involves knowing its prevalence. Insufficient data on hypertension in adults in Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), prompted the conduct of this study. The objectives were to determine the prevalence of hypertension and to identify the associated factors in adults in Lubumbashi. . A cross-sectional study was carried out among 6,708 adults from October 15 to November 24, 2018, in Lubumbashi. Anthropometric data, lifestyle, and medical history were collected. Hypertension was defined when the mean of the last two blood pressure (BP) measurements was greater than or equal for systolic (SBP) at 140 mmHg and for diastolic (DBP) at 90 mmHg or a history of taking antihypertensive medication whatever the value of the BP. Logistic regression was used to identify the relative effects of hypertension risk factors and all statistical tests were declared significant at a value <0.05. RESULTS: The female participants numbered 4479 (66.8%). The mean age of all participants was 47.9 ± 16.5 years. The mean SBP and DBP were 128.4 ± 25.9 mmHg and 79.1 ± 15.3 mmHg, respectively. The overall prevalence of hypertension was 33.6%. This prevalence was statistically higher in women than in men (34.5% vs. 31.7%; =0.024). After logistic regression, the risk of hypertension increased with age >50 years (aOR = 5.85 [5.19-6.60]), overweight (aOR = 1.25 [1.11-1.41]), obesity (aOR = 1.25 [1.11-1.41]), central obesity (aOR = 1.37 [1.16-1.61]), diabetes mellitus (aOR = 2.19 [1.63-2.95]), alcohol consumption (aOR = 1.21 [1.05-1.39]), nonconsumption of vegetables (aOR = 1.35 [1.02-1.80]), and history of stroke (aOR = 2.57 [1.88-3.51]). Hypertension was inversely associated with being underweight (aOR = 0.68 [0.53-0.87]). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of hypertension in the city of Lubumbashi is high as in other cities of the DRC and Africa. This situation requires the implementation of prevention, detection, and treatment programs for hypertension.
Exposure to Intimate Partner Violence and Hypertension Outcomes among Young Women in South Africa.
De Wet-Billings N, Godongwana M
Int J Hypertens · 2021 · PMID 33868725 · Full text
Hypertension and intimate partner violence is affecting longevity and quality of life among women worldwide. In this study, intimate partner violence is identified as a risk factor for hypertension outcomes among young w...
Hypertension and intimate partner violence is affecting longevity and quality of life among women worldwide. In this study, intimate partner violence is identified as a risk factor for hypertension outcomes among young women in South Africa. Using a nationally representative sample of 216 (N) young women (15-34 years old) from the South African Demographic and Health Survey, this study uses cross-tabulations and logistic regression methods to identify the odds of hypertension outcomes. Results show that between 20 and 41% of 15-34-year-old women have hypertension. Further, 68% of women with hypertension experienced physical intimate partner violence. Finally, the odds of hypertension are increased if young women experience physical (OR: 4.07; CI: 1.04726-15.82438) or sexual (OR: 2.56; CI: 1.18198-5.55834) intimate partner violence. Efforts to reduce hypertension outcomes in the country should include intimate partner violence awareness and assistance.
Cardiovascular and Autonomic Responses after a Single Bout of Resistance Exercise in Men with Untreated Stage 2 Hypertension.
Machado MV, Barbosa TPC, Chrispino TC … +4 more , Junqueira das Neves F, Rodrigues GD, Soares PPDS, da Nóbrega ACL
Int J Hypertens · 2021 · PMID 33859838 · Full text
The aim of this paper is to assess the integrated responses of ambulatory blood pressure (BP), cardiac autonomic modulation, spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), and vascular reactivity after a single bout of resist...
The aim of this paper is to assess the integrated responses of ambulatory blood pressure (BP), cardiac autonomic modulation, spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), and vascular reactivity after a single bout of resistance exercise (RE) in men with stage 2 hypertension who have never been treated before. Ten hypertensive men were subjected to a RE session of three sets of 20 repetitions and an intensity of 40% of the 1-repetition maximum (RM) test in seven different exercises. For the control (CTR) session, the volunteers were positioned on the exercise machines but did not perform any exercise. Forearm blood flow was measured by venous occlusion plethysmography. We also analyzed the heart rate variability (HRV), ambulatory BP, blood pressure variability (BPV), and BRS. All measurements were performed at different timepoints: baseline, 20 min, 80 min, and 24 h after both RE and CTR sessions. There were no differences in ambulatory BP over the 24 h between the RE and CTR sessions. However, the area under the curve of diastolic BP decreased after the RE session. Heart rate (HR) and cardiac output increased for up to 80 and 20 min after RE, respectively. Similarly, forearm blood flow, conductance, and vascular reactivity increased 20 min after RE ( < 0.05). In contrast, HRV and BRS decreased immediately after exercise and remained lower for 20 min after RE. We conclude that a single bout of RE induced an increase in vascular reactivity and reduced the pressure load by attenuating AUC of DBP in hypertensive individuals who had never been treated with antihypertensive medications.
Association of Depression with Uncontrolled Hypertension in Primary Care Setting: A Cross-Sectional Study in Less-Developed Northwest China.
Wang L, Li N, Heizhati M … +4 more , Li M, Yang Z, Wang Z, Abudereyimu R
Int J Hypertens · 2021 · PMID 33854797 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Hypertensive patients commonly experience comorbid depression, which is closely associated with adverse health outcomes. This study aimed to examine the association between depression and uncontrolled hyperte...
BACKGROUND: Hypertensive patients commonly experience comorbid depression, which is closely associated with adverse health outcomes. This study aimed to examine the association between depression and uncontrolled hypertension in primary care setting of Northwest China. METHODS: We used a stratified multistage random sampling method to obtain 1856 hypertensives subjects aged ≥18 years among primary care setting in Xinjiang, Northwest China, between April and October 2019. Depression was evaluated by Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), with a cut-off score ≥8. We related depression to uncontrolled hypertension, using multiple logistic regression, adjusting for minimally sufficient adjustment set of variables retrieved from a literature-based directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) and optimal adjustment set of variables derived from the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression. RESULTS: A total of 1,653 (89.1%) patients had uncontrolled hypertension. The prevalence of depression was 14.5% and 7.4% among patients with uncontrolled and controlled hypertension. Depression was associated with 1.12-fold increased odds of uncontrolled hypertension [odds ratio (OR) 2.12, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.23-3.65]. The association remained significant even after adjusting for the minimal sufficient adjustment sets and the optimal adjustment set of variables. CONCLUSION: Depression is significantly associated with uncontrolled hypertension in primary care setting of northwest China. The integrated management of depression and hypertension in the setting might be warranted.
Extemporaneous Compounding and Physiological Modeling of Amlodipine/Valsartan Suspension.
Aabed WJ, Radwan AH, Zaid AN … +1 more , Shraim NY
Int J Hypertens · 2021 · PMID 33824764 · Full text
METHOD: Amlodipine/valsartan extemporaneous suspension was prepared from available commercial tablets such as Valzadepine. The dissolution profiles for the extemporaneous preparation and the commercial tablet were determ...
METHOD: Amlodipine/valsartan extemporaneous suspension was prepared from available commercial tablets such as Valzadepine. The dissolution profiles for the extemporaneous preparation and the commercial tablet were determined in different pH media. The physical, chemical, and microbial stability of the compounded formulation was evaluated over one-month period at room temperature. Moreover, modeling using GastroPlus™ software was used to build absorption models for both drugs based on the dissolution data. The simulated plasma profiles for both active ingredients were compared with the plasma profiles to examine the similarity of the extemporaneous suspension and the commercial tablets. RESULTS: The amlodipine/valsartan extemporaneous suspension was successfully prepared with acceptable organoleptic properties. The suspension was stable for four-week period preserving its physical and chemical features. The release profiles of valsartan and amlodipine from the suspension were similar to those from source tablet Valzadepine. modeling predicted the similarity of the extemporaneous suspension and the commercial tablets. CONCLUSION: Amlodipine/valsartan extemporaneous suspension could be prepared from available commercial tablets. Moreover, GastroPlus™ can be applied along with the dissolution in order to affirm similarity in extemporaneous compounding situations.
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