J Burn Care Res [JOURNAL]
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200 papers
Topical Heparin in Burns: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Studies.
Nassar M, Mohamed MI, Shahid M … +5 more , Taha R, Alweshah RW, Yousef MR, Eltagouri Y, Gustavo DG
J Burn Care Res · 2026 Jan · PMID 40884473 · Full text
Burns are associated with significant inflammation and pain. Topical agents like heparin can modulate these processes and improve outcomes. Our study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of using topical heparin (TH) in pa...
Burns are associated with significant inflammation and pain. Topical agents like heparin can modulate these processes and improve outcomes. Our study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of using topical heparin (TH) in patients with burns. On August 7, 2024, we conducted a literature search on PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Only randomized controlled studies were included. Data were extracted on analgesic drug usage, bleeding events, sepsis, visual analog scale pain scores, length of hospital stay, and mortality. Statistical analysis was performed using R software (version 4.4.1), heterogeneous data. Seven randomized controlled trials (503 patients; topical heparin: 249, control: 254) were included. Analgesic use (1-2 times/day: RR = 3.04, P = .68; 3-4 times/day: RR = 0.06, P = .18), bleeding (RR = 5.06, P = .37), sepsis (RR = 0.77, P = .40), hospital stay, and mortality (RR = 0.13, P = .90) showed no significant differences. Topical heparin reduced local wound infections by 60% (RR = 0.40, P < .01) and lowered Visual Analog Scale pain scores (MD = -3.34, P < .01). However, sensitivity analysis excluding an outlier nullified the pain reduction (MD = -4.17, P = .57). All studies had a high risk of bias, especially in outcome measurement and randomization. Topical heparin reduces pain and local wound infections in burn patients without having an impact on other outcomes. Evidence is limited by a high risk of bias. Well-designed randomized trials are needed to determine its broader clinical value.
Enhancing Transfer of Accountability in Burn Intensive Care Unit Nursing: A Quality Improvement Initiative.
Shantz G, Au A, Callahan A … +1 more , Rogers AD
J Burn Care Res · 2025 Nov · PMID 40884469 · Publisher ↗
In the burn intensive care unit (ICU), effective nurse handovers are critical to patient safety. Communication gaps during the transfer of accountability (TOA) contribute to preventable safety incidents. We designed a qu...
In the burn intensive care unit (ICU), effective nurse handovers are critical to patient safety. Communication gaps during the transfer of accountability (TOA) contribute to preventable safety incidents. We designed a quality improvement (QI) initiative to standardize TOA and improve safety culture. A baseline safety culture survey of 31 burn ICU nurses and a 3-month review of incident reports (mean: 18/month) identified handover-related communication failures, including omitted treatments, delayed wound care, and missed monitoring responsibilities. We co-developed a structured, burn-specific TOA tool with frontline nurses and introduced it through targeted education. The intervention was implemented over eight weekly Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycles. Outcomes included incident rates, nurse-reported safety culture, and process adherence. Postintervention, safety incidents decreased by 50% (from 18 to 9/month), and TOA-related safety culture scores improved by 20%, achieving both SMART objectives. Tool adherence exceeded 90% by the final cycle. Nurses reported improved clarity, reduced cognitive load, and enhanced interprofessional communication. No adverse workflow impacts were observed. A co-designed TOA tool, integrated with education and iterative PDSA refinement, significantly improved handover safety and reduced incidents in the burn ICU. This initiative provides a practical, scalable model for enhancing communication and safety culture in high-risk clinical settings.
Compassion Matters! 2024 ABA Presidential Address.
Cartotto R
J Burn Care Res · 2025 Nov · PMID 40877752 · Publisher ↗
Abstract loading — click title to view on PubMed.
Contrast Therapy Promoting Skin Scald Repair.
Guo S, Xie Y, Peng R … +4 more , Zhang L, Zhang C, Zhang S, Yang M
J Burn Care Res · 2025 Nov · PMID 40874570 · Publisher ↗
Contrast therapy (CT), alternating cooling and heating therapy, has been investigated for its potential benefits in treating soft tissue injuries in sports. This study examines the efficacy of CT in enhancing skin scald...
Contrast therapy (CT), alternating cooling and heating therapy, has been investigated for its potential benefits in treating soft tissue injuries in sports. This study examines the efficacy of CT in enhancing skin scald repair. We established a standardized rat scald burn model and randomized the subjects into three groups: CT, cold therapy (COT), and untreated model control (MC). Interventions commenced immediately after injury. Cutaneous blood perfusion, tissue oxygen saturation, and wound healing rates were assessed. Inflammatory cytokine (IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α) quantification were measured by ELISA. Histological changes were analyzed by hematoxylin-eosin and TUNEL staining. After 21 days' observation, CT demonstrated significant suppression of TNF-α and IL-6 protein expression in burned tissue by day 3 post-burn. Additionally, CT enhanced localized blood perfusion at both wound center/edge and increased oxygen saturation at wound edge post-treatment. The epithelial thickness in the CT group was greater than in the COT and MC groups, with a lower proportion of TUNEL-positive cells. The CT group also showed less ulceration and edema. The CT group had a higher wound healing rate on days 1, 7, and 14 post-burn compared to the other groups. In conclusion, CT ameliorates local blood microcirculation, reduces harmful inflammatory factors in scalded skin tissue, and accelerates wound healing. These findings suggest that CT may be a potentially effective treatment for acute scald injuries.
Mobilization in Children With Burns in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit: Outcomes and Barriers.
Eilerman S, Justice L, Reader B … +5 more , Iske DO T, Benedict J, Fabia R, Schwartz D, Thakkar RK
J Burn Care Res · 2026 Jan · PMID 40852916 · Publisher ↗
Pediatric patients with burn injuries in the intensive care unit require the care of a multidisciplinary team. Occupational and physical therapists play a vital role in edema management, positioning, orthoses fabrication...
Pediatric patients with burn injuries in the intensive care unit require the care of a multidisciplinary team. Occupational and physical therapists play a vital role in edema management, positioning, orthoses fabrication, and advancement of functional and developmental activities. Early mobilization in the intensive care unit is increasingly recognized as the standard of care for pediatric patients. However, outcomes and barriers specific to the pediatric burn population have not been evaluated. This study aimed to describe early mobilization practices in pediatric patients with burn injuries, identify the barriers to their participation, evaluate changes in mobility levels throughout intensive care unit admission, and examine the impact of total body surface area burn on mobility progression. We retrospectively reviewed 108 children with burns who were admitted to the intensive care unit at a pediatric burn center. Patient demographics and therapy visit-level data within the first 14 days of intensive care unit admission, which included level of activity performed and barriers to participation, were analyzed. Children with higher total body surface area burns had significantly lower levels of activity (P = .002). Barriers to therapy participation were common with 66% of children missing at least 1 physical therapy session and 55% missing at least 1 occupational therapy session within the first 14 days of intensive care unit admission. The most common barriers included patient involvement in testing or procedures (54%) and nursing concern about medical status (12%). Future research and quality improvement initiatives should prioritize interventions that address and mitigate barriers to implementation of early mobilization in this patient population.
A Frostbite Treatment Guideline for Pediatric Patients.
Schuh JM, Abebrese EL, Morrison Z … +1 more , Salazar JH
J Burn Care Res · 2025 Nov · PMID 40849731 · Publisher ↗
Despite the existence of guidelines for frostbite management in adults, there are no published attempts to standardize the treatment of pediatric frostbite. The purpose of this study is to describe a single institution m...
Despite the existence of guidelines for frostbite management in adults, there are no published attempts to standardize the treatment of pediatric frostbite. The purpose of this study is to describe a single institution multidisciplinary consensus guideline for the management of pediatric frostbite patients and review cases treated at our institution. The pediatric intensive care, interventional radiology, general surgery, and emergency medicine departments at a 300-bed tertiary referral children's hospital developed and applied the proposed guideline for frostbite management in 2019. Patients who presented to the emergency department between 01/01/2012 and 3/12/2024 with a diagnosis of frostbite were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic information, grade of frostbite injury, and characterization of hospitalization and treatment course were noted and compared to the institutional guideline. Seventy-two patients met the inclusion criteria, of which 69 were managed with wound care alone and 15 required admission. There were 3 patients with grade 3 injury, 0 with grade 4 injury. One patient with grade 3 injury was seen prior to guideline implementation, did not receive tissue plasminogen activator thrombolysis, and eventually required amputation. The other 2 were seen after guideline implementation, received thrombolysis, and did not require amputation. The guideline for the treatment of frostbite in pediatric patients based on multidisciplinary consensus and following patient discussion provides a framework to consider when evaluating treatment options for children with frostbite.
Characterization of Stigma and Its Predictors in the Burn Population: A Burn Model System National Database Study.
Noordzij RC, Saito A, Humbert A … +4 more , Santos E, Orton CM, Kazis LE, Schneider JC
J Burn Care Res · 2025 Nov · PMID 40844123 · Full text
Stigma is prejudice and discrimination resulting from negative stereotypes. Burn survivors have a greater risk for stigmatization, potentially influencing quality of life. This study aims to characterize stigma and its p...
Stigma is prejudice and discrimination resulting from negative stereotypes. Burn survivors have a greater risk for stigmatization, potentially influencing quality of life. This study aims to characterize stigma and its predictors in the burn population. Adult burn survivors enrolled in a multicenter longitudinal database from 2015 to 2024 were examined. The primary outcome was the self-reported Neuro-QoL Stigma scale assessed at 6-, 12-, 24-, and 60-month postinjury. At 6-month postinjury, the range of stigma scores was calculated. Stigma scores were calculated at all timepoints, and linear mixed-effects models determined significant changes in stigma over time. Linear mixed-effects models with random effects assessed sociodemographic and clinical variables associated with stigma scores over time (total t-score and item-level scores with separate models). A total of 787 adult burn survivors were included. Most participants were male (68.1%), White (78.8%), and not of Hispanic/Latino origin (75.0%). The median burn size was 10% and 74.7% had visible burn injury locations. At 6-month postinjury, the distribution of stigma scores was a bell-shaped curve with a slight right skew. The mean Neuro-QoL Stigma score at 6-month postburn injury was 49.3 (clinical reference population = 50). Stigma scores remained unchanged over time (P = .66). Younger-aged adulthood, non-White race, larger burn size, and substance use were associated with higher stigma summary scores (P < .05). Stigma is relevant in the burn population and remains unchanged over time after burn injury. Age, race, burn size, and substance use are predictors of stigma over time. Clinicians can identify burn survivors with stigma and provide tailored resources and community-based assistance.
Low-Dose Buprenorphine Initiation in Acute Burn Setting, a Retrospective Chart Review.
Nisavic M, Supple M, Requena D … +2 more , Bains A, Goverman J
J Burn Care Res · 2025 Nov · PMID 40844050 · Publisher ↗
Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a significant cause of unintentional burn injuries. Pain management in patients with OUD requires complex multi-modal treatment and places significant challenges on the patient and their clin...
Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a significant cause of unintentional burn injuries. Pain management in patients with OUD requires complex multi-modal treatment and places significant challenges on the patient and their clinical team. Buprenorphine has been well-established as a standard of care in the medical treatment of opioid use disorder. However, its use in surgical patients with significant co-morbid pain was felt to carry a risk for both worsened acute pain control and/or precipitation of withdrawal. As treatment with buprenorphine carries considerable benefits, alternative approaches have been developed to facilitate buprenorphine introduction in the acute perioperative setting. We present a first-ever retrospective cohort review examining the use of low-dose buprenorphine in acute burn injury setting. The majority of our patient cohort (86%) was able to initiate buprenorphine without an adverse impact on pain, or emergence of precipitated withdrawal. All of these patients were able to transition to outpatient OUD care for buprenorphine prescribing. Incidentally, we also note that buprenorphine initiation was also associated with reduced opioid prescribing at discharge, with only 50% of our patient cohort requiring a brief short-acting taper in addition to buprenorphine. Further studies should address long-term outcomes in the patient population as well as how to best holistically manage patients with substance use disorder and concurrent burn injuries.
Differential Expression of NOTCH Signaling Genes in Tissue Collected from Hidradenitis Suppurativa Patients.
Oliver MA, Carney BC, Garg KS … +6 more , Jimenez LM, Nisar S, Truong EI, Frey C, Moffatt LT, Shupp JW
J Burn Care Res · 2025 Nov · PMID 40817814 · Publisher ↗
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a morbid chronic inflammatory skin disease that can be treated at burn centers through surgical intervention. Despite multiple pathogenesis theories, the genetic basis of sporadic HS rema...
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a morbid chronic inflammatory skin disease that can be treated at burn centers through surgical intervention. Despite multiple pathogenesis theories, the genetic basis of sporadic HS remains largely unknown. This study investigates differences in regulation of multiple genes between normal skin (NS) and HS samples in skin of color patients. RNA was isolated from NS and HS samples for 84-gene NOTCH signaling pathway polymerase chain reaction (PCR) array analysis. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and protein quantification using immunofluorescence (IF) were also performed for 3 genes related to NOTCH signaling pathway: HEY1, NCSTN, and TRAIL. Demographic information was compared among patients who showed differential gene expression and those who did not. PCR array analysis of 12 NS and 21 HS samples found genes involved in embryological development, cell signaling, and proliferation to be dysregulated in HS compared to NS. qRT-PCR and IF analysis showed HEY1, NCSTN, and TRAIL to be upregulated in 25%, 25% and 55% of HS samples, respectively. HS samples that had differential gene expression of Hey1 and NCSTN were more likely to derive from patients who did not smoke (P = .0109 and P = .0121, respectively). 18 out of 21 HS patients demonstrated differential gene expression for TRAIL (85.7%; t-test score 0.0009). Variable gene expression might explain the refractory nature of HS and variation in response to treatment modalities. Further research involves elucidating the precise role of NOTCH signaling in the pathogenesis of HS and exploring the potential for targeting NOTCH-related genes through pharmacologic approaches.
Integrating Addiction Medicine Into Burn Care: Optimizing Pain Management in Stimulant-Positive Patients.
Stanton EW, Manasyan A, Kim MI … +3 more , Wong S, Johnson MB, Gillenwater J
J Burn Care Res · 2025 Aug · PMID 40814752 · Publisher ↗
Stimulant use poses significant challenges in burn care, complicating pain management and leading to poorer outcomes, including longer hospital stays, higher complication rates, and increased healthcare costs. This study...
Stimulant use poses significant challenges in burn care, complicating pain management and leading to poorer outcomes, including longer hospital stays, higher complication rates, and increased healthcare costs. This study evaluates burn-related outcomes in stimulant-positive patients, as well as tabulates how frequently addiction medicine consultations are used in burn patients with positive stimulant screens. Patients with positive urine toxicology screens for stimulants, including amphetamines and cocaine, were identified. The primary predictor variable was stimulant use, while primary outcomes included length of hospital stay, burn severity, complications, and overall outcomes of care. Out of 3403 burn patients (34% female, 66% male, with a mean age of 39.2 ± 22.8 years), 572 patients (16.8%) had positive urine toxicology screens for stimulants. Stimulant-positive patients had significantly longer hospital stays compared to stimulant-negative patients (17.7 vs. 10.7 days, P < .001), more severe burns (P = .001), and a higher incidence of complications (15.6% vs. 11.5%, P = .006). Despite these risks, only 12.6% (72 patients) of stimulant-positive burn patients received an addiction medicine consultation during their hospitalization. The use of addiction medicine consultations increased over time, rising from 3 consults in 2015 to 42 in 2023. A multidisciplinary approach that includes addiction medicine can help address both the complexities of pain management and substance use, leading to improved patient outcomes. Early involvement of addiction medicine could enhance pain management and recovery, emphasizing the need for more systematic integration of addiction medicine into burn care protocols.
The Burn Survivor's Perspective on Disability: A Survey-Based Analysis.
Stanton EW, Celie KB, Chacon D … +2 more , Rutter C, Yenikomshian HA
J Burn Care Res · 2025 Nov · PMID 40814285 · Publisher ↗
Burn injuries profoundly impact survivors, influencing physical, psychological, and social well-being. Long-term outcome studies often focus on physical impairments and work-related difficulties, often from the perspecti...
Burn injuries profoundly impact survivors, influencing physical, psychological, and social well-being. Long-term outcome studies often focus on physical impairments and work-related difficulties, often from the perspective of the clinician. Survivor input is limited. This study evaluates long-term self-reported outcomes related to disability, psychological effects, and work challenges from the perspective of the patient. A cross-sectional anonymous survey targeting burn survivors was conducted from January to April 2023. demographic data, burn injury characteristics (location, percentage total body surface area [%TBSA], and scar visibility), and long-term functional status were collected. Primary outcomes included physical and psychological impacts (0 = no impact, 10 = extreme impact) and work-related changes. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, chi-square tests, and multivariate regression were performed using Stata BE 18.5. Among 128 respondents (mean age 42; 17 at injury; 25-year follow-up), most were White (60.9%) and female (53.9%). One-third were identified as disabled due to burn injuries. Average physical and psychological impact scores were 5.0 and 5.7, respectively. Visible burns, facial scars, higher %TBSA, and older age at injury significantly increased odds of disability. Nearly all (91%) reported work challenges, with 40% requiring job modifications. Most (87%) received skin grafts. Neither gender nor ethnicity significantly influenced disability odds. Burn survivors face substantial long-term physical, psychological, and work-related challenges, with disability influenced by injury severity and characteristics. These findings emphasize the need for comprehensive, tailored support to improve survivors' quality of life and functional outcomes, guiding future interventions and services by local and national organizations.
Elevated Adverse Outcomes in Black Pediatric Burn Patients.
Lewis JE, Ihediwa A, Kankam J … +4 more , Cannon C, Cooper C, Adari N, Nicarnord E
J Burn Care Res · 2025 Nov · PMID 40810491 · Publisher ↗
Pediatric patients with burn injuries often experience various adverse outcomes. Recently, disparities affecting African American pediatric patients with burn injuries within US hospitals have emerged. These disparities...
Pediatric patients with burn injuries often experience various adverse outcomes. Recently, disparities affecting African American pediatric patients with burn injuries within US hospitals have emerged. These disparities contribute to elevated adverse outcomes such as increased mortality, pain, severe complications, and higher susceptibility to infections posing significant health risks. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between race and elevated adverse outcomes in pediatric patients with burn injuries. We hypothesized that African American pediatric patients with burn injuries would experience an increased risk of adverse outcomes. This retrospective cohort study used the TriNetX Research Database. Pediatric patients with burn injuries who were followed at 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months postburn injury were included. Patients were divided into 3 cohorts based on race: African American (cohort A), White (cohort B), and Asian (cohort C). Propensity score matching was used to create comparable cohorts based on age, gender, ethnicity, and burn severity. The primary outcomes included mortality, pain, hypertrophic scarring, inhalation injury, infection, and graft failure. Significant differences in outcomes were found between the cohorts. African American patients with burn injuries had elevated risk of mortality (RR = 1.218, P = .0057), hypertrophic scarring (RR = 1.139, P < .0001), inhalation injury (RR = 2.201, P = .0338), infection (RR = 1.330, P = .0065), graft failure (RR = 2.090, P = .0003), and were less likely to report pain (RR = 0.662, P = .0001). African American patients in the pediatric population are associated with elevated rates of adverse postburn injury outcomes. These findings highlight the need for enhanced burn injury treatment to minimize risks and improve patient outcomes.
Letter to the Editor concerning "Caregivers and Clinic Providers View Soft Casts for Pediatric Hand Burns as Acceptable and Feasible: A Mixed Methods Survey" by Schuh et al.
Thomas R, Wicks S, Toose C
J Burn Care Res · 2025 Nov · PMID 40808524 · Publisher ↗
Abstract loading — click title to view on PubMed.
Evaluating ChatGPT's Utility in Addressing Socioeconomic Disparities in Burn Patients: A Comparative Study With Google.
Beohon B, Lewis JE, Nguyen P … +5 more , Dao MQ, Ghogomu M, El Ayadi A, Wolf SE, Song J
J Burn Care Res · 2026 Jan · PMID 40801276 · Publisher ↗
Patients from low-socioeconomic status (SES) backgrounds face barriers to quality burn care, such as limited healthcare access and follow-up. Many turn to online resources like Google, which may provide overwhelming or i...
Patients from low-socioeconomic status (SES) backgrounds face barriers to quality burn care, such as limited healthcare access and follow-up. Many turn to online resources like Google, which may provide overwhelming or irrelevant information. This study compares the accuracy, readability, and SES-relevance of burn care information from ChatGPT and Google to address these disparities. A standardized set of questions on immediate burn care, medical treatments, and long-term care was developed based on clinical guidelines. Responses from ChatGPT (v4.0) and the first Google search result were analyzed. Two medical students and 2 burn surgeons assessed accuracy using the Global Quality Score (GQS) on a scale of 1 (poor) to 5 (excellent). Readability was measured using the Flesch-Kincaid grade level, and SES relevance was determined by counting responses that included themes related to affordability and access to care. Accuracy, readability, and SES relevance were then compared using a Wilcoxon signed-rank test. ChatGPT provided higher-quality responses (GQS 4.35 ± 0.60) than Google (GQS 2.25 ± 1.10, P < .01). ChatGPT was unanimously preferred for half of the questions. Both platforms had reading grade levels of 8 and 9, but ChatGPT addressed SES issues in 74% of responses, compared to Google's 33%. ChatGPT outperformed Google in providing accurate, SES-relevant burn care information. Artificial intelligence tools like ChatGPT may help reduce health information disparities for low-SES patients by offering tailored and user-friendly guidance. Future studies should validate these findings across other clinical topics and patient populations.
The Role of Dexmedetomidine in Burn Care: Sedation, Analgesia, and Beyond.
Manasyan A, Danesh N, Moshal T … +2 more , Lasky S, Gillenwater TJ
J Burn Care Res · 2026 Mar · PMID 40801264 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Burn injuries are characterized by intense nociceptive pain, often requiring effective analgesia and sedation during medical interventions and hospital stays. METHODS: We conducted a scoping review to outline...
BACKGROUND: Burn injuries are characterized by intense nociceptive pain, often requiring effective analgesia and sedation during medical interventions and hospital stays. METHODS: We conducted a scoping review to outline the existing literature on dexmedetomidine use in burn patients. Relevant sources were identified through broad searches of five databases (PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library), and included materials were reviewed to summarize common themes and reported practices. RESULTS: Dexmedetomidine, an α2-adrenergic agonist, serves as a promising sedative in this context. Its mechanism of action involves the inhibition of norepinephrine release, thereby modulating pain pathways and inducing a state of sedation without significant respiratory depression. Our review identified that dexmedetomidine is effective not only for ongoing sedation during hospitalization but also for acute short-term sedation during wound dressing changes, which can be particularly challenging for burn patients. CONCLUSION: While some studies have noted potential adverse effects, such as respiratory depression and hemodynamic instability, the majority of the literature supports its safety and efficacy in critically ill burn patients. However, there is limited data on its effects on fluid resuscitation, with initial findings indicating a possible need for increased fluid to address hemodynamic changes. Furthermore, research on its impact on wound healing is scarce, emphasizing the need for further studies to better understand its overall role in burn treatment.
Empowering Emergency Responders to Treat on Scene Alleviates Hospital Strain During Disaster Events.
Ivanko A, Lacy E, Flores C … +5 more , Schoen JE, Miles MVP, Danos D, Kearns R, Carter JE
J Burn Care Res · 2026 Jan · PMID 40795328 · Publisher ↗
Disasters often lead to increased generator use, resulting in carbon monoxide poisonings (COP) and burn injuries that can overwhelm regional burn centers. Following Hurricane Ida, emergency medical services (EMS) provide...
Disasters often lead to increased generator use, resulting in carbon monoxide poisonings (COP) and burn injuries that can overwhelm regional burn centers. Following Hurricane Ida, emergency medical services (EMS) providers in southeastern Louisiana were empowered to treat minor COP and burn injuries on the scene without hospital transport. This study evaluated the impact of that policy. Using EMS and Louisiana Emergency Response Network (LERN) data, we analyzed EMS calls from 3 periods surrounding Hurricane Ida's landfall on August 29, 2021: pre-Ida (07/08-08/25), mid-Ida (08/26-09/08), and post-Ida (09/09-10/31). We tracked call volumes, transport rates, and EMS turnaround times. Weekly calls were compared using Kruskal-Wallis tests and negative binomial regression; transport rates were assessed using chi-squared tests. Emergency medical services received 1607 COP or burn-related calls during the study period. Pre-Ida, EMS averaged 15.3 calls/day (89% COP), with transport rates of 98% for COP and 61% for burns; turnaround time averaged 63 ± 36 min. Mid-Ida saw a rise to 20.9 calls/day (84% COP), with transport rates of 78% for COP and 73% for burns; turnaround was 64 ± 31 min. Post-Ida, calls declined to 10.6/day, with 97% of COP and 61% of burns transported; turnaround was 69 ± 49 min. No repeat EMS calls were made by patients treated on the scene. The study observed a significant increase in CO-related EMS dispatches during mid-Ida, with a concurrent decrease in hospital transports, indicating successful on-scene care. Emergency medical services turnaround times remained stable across all periods. These findings highlight effective collaboration between EMS and burn centers during disaster response.
Cutaneous Functional Units Hierarchy, Version 2 Defined.
Parry IS, Yelvington M, Bell JF … +1 more , Richard R
J Burn Care Res · 2025 Nov · PMID 40794860 · Full text
Cutaneous functional units (CFUs) offer considerable potential to enhance the burn community's understanding of how burn injuries and resulting scars affect movement. However, the lack of a clear and comprehensive schema...
Cutaneous functional units (CFUs) offer considerable potential to enhance the burn community's understanding of how burn injuries and resulting scars affect movement. However, the lack of a clear and comprehensive schema for calculating and locating CFUs has led to confusion and limited their applicability. The goal of this short communication is to provide an update on the CFU schema in table and figure format to encourage uniform use of a common model for consistent application of CFU principles and mapping in burn care and other professional fields concerned with skin movement.
Exploring the Impact of Peer Support on Burn Survivor Recovery: A Burn Model System Study.
Johnson D, McMullen K, Flores E … +5 more , Orton CM, De Paz JRB, Sproul J, Rutter C, Yenikomshian HA
J Burn Care Res · 2025 Nov · PMID 40757526 · Publisher ↗
Peer support plays a critical role in burn recovery, fostering resilience, community, and improved coping mechanisms. However, its impact on patient-reported outcomes remains underexplored, particularly in functional and...
Peer support plays a critical role in burn recovery, fostering resilience, community, and improved coping mechanisms. However, its impact on patient-reported outcomes remains underexplored, particularly in functional and psychosocial recovery. This study investigates peer support engagement trends, demographic patterns, and their effect on psychosocial and functional outcomes. Adult burn survivors (>18 years) from a multicenter longitudinal patient-reported outcomes database (2013-2024) were included. Data were collected at discharge and 6, 12, and 24 months postinjury. Peer support engagement was assessed at 6, 12, and 24 months, with 12-month patient-reported outcomes (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System domains: social roles, anxiety, depression, sexual satisfaction; Community Integration Questionnaire; Satisfaction with Life) analyzed. Demographics and clinical data were collected at discharge. Univariate analyses and 6 linear regression models examined peer support's impact on 12-month outcomes, adjusting for age, sex, burn size, burn center site, and education level. Of 1123 participants, 17% engaged in peer support at 6 months, with similar levels at 12 (15%) and 24 months (15%). Peer support participants had larger burns (27% vs 16% TBSA), longer hospital stays (41 vs 25 days), and higher education levels compared to nonusers. Although initial univariate analyses showed lower social role, anxiety, depression, and life satisfaction scores in peer support users, adjusted analyses found no significant outcome differences between groups. Peer support is underutilized, particularly among patients with smaller burns and lower education levels. Given its role in psychosocial recovery, expanding peer support access and integrating it into routine care may help optimize burn rehabilitation outcomes.
Demographic and Clinical Predictors of Suspected Abuse in Genital Burn Injuries: A National Database Study.
Orbay H, Liu HY, Kaulakis MG … +7 more , Fedor CJ, Arellano JA, Hohsfield R, Rusilko P, Corcos AC, Ziembicki JA, Egro FM
J Burn Care Res · 2026 Jan · PMID 40748002 · Publisher ↗
Genital burn injuries raise concerns about potential abuse. Understanding the demographics of this patient population is critical for planning patient care. This study determines the demographic predictors of suspected a...
Genital burn injuries raise concerns about potential abuse. Understanding the demographics of this patient population is critical for planning patient care. This study determines the demographic predictors of suspected abuse in genital burn injuries using a national database. A retrospective review was conducted using the Burn Care Quality Platform data from 2013 to 2022. Genital burn patients suspected of abuse were identified, and demographics, burn characteristics, and clinical data were analyzed. Multiple logistic regression was used to evaluate factors associated with suspected abuse. Of the 3833 genital burn patients with available data on suspected abuse, 258 (6.7%) were identified as suspected abuse victims. Younger age (OR = 0.927 per year, 95% CI, 0.894-0.961, P < .001) was protective, and Black patients had higher odds of suspected abuse compared to White patients (OR = 2.10, 95% CI, 1.35-3.27, P = .001). Living in skilled nursing facilities (OR = 285.91, 95% CI, 11.36-7198.82, P = .001), homelessness (OR = 62.48, 95% CI, 15.11-258.43, P < .001), and adult group homes (OR = 51.29, 95% CI, 6.25-421.07, P < .001) were strongly associated with abuse. Mental/personality disorders (OR = 11.03, 95% CI, 2.97-40.94, P < .001) and dementia (OR = 7.18, 95% CI, 1.19-43.18, P = .031) increased odds. Contact burns had higher odds compared to scalds (OR = 3.27, 95% CI, 1.04-10.26, P = .042), but the impact of TBSA varied by burn type, with larger flame burns less likely associated with abuse than scalds (OR = 0.963, 95% CI, 0.939-0.989, P = .005). This study provides valuable insight into demographic characteristics associated with suspected abuse in genital burns. The identification of these patients early on will allow proper treatment and discharge planning.
Within-Patient, Evaluator-Blinded, Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial to Assess the Efficacy of Gel Sheets in the Treatment of Hypertrophic Scar in Adult Burn Survivors.
Nedelec B, Edger-Lacoursière Z, Calva V … +7 more , Sawicki J, Marois-Pagé E, Jean S, Schneider G, Malo-Leclerc I, Shashoua D, Correa JA
J Burn Care Res · 2026 Jan · PMID 40747996 · Full text
Gel sheets have been used to treat hypertrophic scars (HSc) since the 1980s, though evidence for their efficacy-especially for burn-related HSc-is limited. This study conducted a randomized, evaluator-blinded trial to as...
Gel sheets have been used to treat hypertrophic scars (HSc) since the 1980s, though evidence for their efficacy-especially for burn-related HSc-is limited. This study conducted a randomized, evaluator-blinded trial to assess gel sheets on established burn HSc compared to intra-individual patient-matched control scars receiving usual care. Thirty-six adult burn survivors with 2 similar scars (based on ultrasound thickness > 2.034 mm and erythema index > 300) were enrolled. One scar per person was randomly assigned to receive gel sheets plus usual care, while the other received usual care only, over a 3-month period. Objective measures (thickness, elasticity, erythema, transepidermal water loss [TEWL], and melanin) were taken at baseline, monthly, and 1-month posttreatment. Itch and pain were self-reported, and adherence tracked monthly. An analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) after 3 months of treatment, and at 1-month posttreatment follow-up, controlling for pretreatment values, showed no significant difference between groups for thickness, elasticity, erythema, TEWL, melanin or itch intensity. However, ANCOVA revealed a significant increase in elasticity in the treated scars when only participants who wore the gel sheet over 16 h a day were analyzed. Comparisons of pretreatment to 3 months of all participants, using paired t-tests, showed a significant decrease in thickness and TEWL, and an increase in elasticity in both groups, but no significant change in erythema or melanin of either site. In conclusion, scar thickness, elasticity, and TEWL improved over time in both groups, but there was no significant between-group difference. However, gel sheets may enhance elasticity if worn over 16 h daily.
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