Prev Med [JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Association between adolescent overweight and adult mortality risk: A systematic review.
Aguiar BCC, Gonçalves TR, Leite TH … +5 more , Blaudt LS, Barros LSM, Oliveira LS, Macedo LR, Souza AM
Prev Med · 2026 Feb · PMID 41482237 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: This systematic review examined the association between adolescent overweight and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in adulthood. METHODS: We searched for studies published between 2014 and 2024 that incl...
OBJECTIVE: This systematic review examined the association between adolescent overweight and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in adulthood. METHODS: We searched for studies published between 2014 and 2024 that included adults (aged 20 years or older) who had been classified as having overweight and/or obesity during adolescence (aged 10 to 19 years). PubMed, Embase, Scopus, BVS/LILACS, and SciELO were searched between April and May 2024. Two reviewers independently performed study selection, data extraction, and risk-of-bias assessments. RESULTS: Eighteen of the 1256 records screened met the eligibility criteria. All studies used a cohort design, and most of them were conducted in high-income countries, with a median follow-up of 30 years. A consistent positive association was found between adolescent obesity and increased all-cause mortality in adulthood, particularly related to cardiovascular diseases. Hazard ratios for all-cause mortality ranged from 1.3 to 2.7, with higher risks observed among adolescents with severe obesity. Most studies (70 %) were classified as having high methodological quality, reflecting strong methodological rigor and a low risk of bias. Heterogeneity among studies precluded a meta-analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Since adolescent obesity is a strong predictor of premature adult mortality, early prevention and intervention strategies in this age group may help reduce long-term mortality risk.
Geographic clusters of human papillomavirus-associated cancer incidence in the US, 2008-2022.
Burus T, Lang Kuhs KA, Deshmukh AA … +1 more , Damgacioglu H
Prev Med · 2026 Feb · PMID 41461313 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: Despite known state and regional differences, United States (US) county-level patterns of human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cancer incidence remain unexplored. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, we an...
OBJECTIVE: Despite known state and regional differences, United States (US) county-level patterns of human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cancer incidence remain unexplored. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed US county-level HPV-associated cancer incidence rates from 2008 to 2022 using the US Cancer Statistics Incidence Analytic Database to identify geographic clusters of high and low incidence. Clusters were identified using the Getis-Ord Gi* statistic and assessed for differences in cluster-level sociodemographic characteristics and sex-and-site-specific incidence. RESULTS: We found 373 hot spot and 409 cold spot counties, with median incidence rates of 16.14 and 10.62 per 100,000, respectively. Hot spot counties were particularly concentrated in Central Appalachia, the northern portion of the Mississippi Delta, and northern Florida. Compared to cold spots, hot spot counties were more rural (median, 72.02 % vs. 42.09 %) and had higher poverty (median, 17.71 % vs 10.51 %). The largest disparities between cluster-level incidence rates were observed in oropharyngeal and vulvar cancers, with rates over 60 % higher in hot spot counties than cold spot counties. CONCLUSION: Our study identified distinct geographic clusters with disproportionately high HPV-associated cancer incidence. These findings highlight areas where intensified prevention and control efforts, including direct vaccination, screening, and outreach efforts, are needed to eliminate HPV-related cancer disparities.
Effectiveness of interventions for increasing lung cancer screening uptake: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.
Tao W, Tang X, Jiao X … +4 more , Sayani A, Zhao J, Li W, Wei X
Prev Med · 2026 Feb · PMID 41448280 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions for increasing lung cancer screening (LCS) uptake and to identify factors influencing their implementation. METHODS...
OBJECTIVE: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions for increasing lung cancer screening (LCS) uptake and to identify factors influencing their implementation. METHODS: We searched MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science from January 2010 to November 2025. Included studies were randomized controlled trials involving high-risk adults eligible for LCS with low-dose computed tomography, evaluating interventions to improve screening uptake as a primary or secondary outcome. RESULTS: Eleven trials were included, primarily from the United States (N = 9). Interventions were categorized as patient navigation, decision aids, educational video/film, targeted invitation/outreach, and multi-component intervention. Overall, interventions showed a modest but significant effect on LCS uptake (RR = 1.34; 95 % CI: 1.02, 1.76). The multi-component intervention (RR = 2.11; 95 % CI: 1.21, 3.68) demonstrated significant effects, while patient navigation showed potential (RR = 2.18; 95 % CI: 0.53, 9.08). Innovation and inner setting were identified as potentially important factors influencing intervention implementation. CONCLUSIONS: Interventions modestly increased LCS uptake, with multi-component intervention and patient navigation showing the most promising effects. Future research should prioritize multicomponent strategies that address the entire screening continuum, equity-focused designs for priority populations, and trials in diverse international settings.
Estimated projection of cancer mortality in Taiwan until 2050.
Su SY
Prev Med · 2026 Feb · PMID 41447954 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: This study projected mortality trends through 2050 for 17 cancers in Taiwan by using mortality data from 1996 to 2023. METHODS: The synthesized age-period-cohort prediction method is used for projection. RESU...
OBJECTIVES: This study projected mortality trends through 2050 for 17 cancers in Taiwan by using mortality data from 1996 to 2023. METHODS: The synthesized age-period-cohort prediction method is used for projection. RESULTS: Among men, mortality from oral, prostate, and kidney cancers would increase by 2050. Esophageal and brain cancers follow a U-shaped trend. Mortality from most other cancers would decline. Lung (18.54 % of all cancer deaths), prostate (17.25 %), oral (15.10 %), colorectal (11.11 %), and liver (9.07 %) cancers would become leading causes of cancer death in men by 2050, accounting for 71.08 % of all cancer deaths. Mortality from bladder and kidney cancers would slightly increase. Among women, mortality from ovarian cancer would increase steadily. Pancreatic, breast, cervical, endometrial, bladder, and brain cancers would follow a U-shaped trend. Mortality from other cancers would decline. Lung (13.63 %), breast (13.06 %), bladder (12.90 %), colorectal (12.81 %), and pancreatic (11.24 %) cancers would become leading causes of cancer death in women by 2050, accounting for 63.65 % of all cancer deaths. Mortality from ovarian cancer would increase from 3.57 % to 5.42 % (from 2023 to 2050). CONCLUSIONS: Kidney, prostate, pancreatic, endometrial, ovarian, and bladder cancers are projected to surpass their observation in past and may become new threat in future.
Contributions of life-course circumstances to the cognitive function in later life: A retrospective study among Chinese older adults.
Ye X, Wang X
Prev Med · 2026 Feb · PMID 41443477 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: Cognitive deterioration in older age could stem from a variety of factors during an individual's lifetime. This study aims to investigate contributions of life-course circumstances to cognitive function of Chi...
OBJECTIVE: Cognitive deterioration in older age could stem from a variety of factors during an individual's lifetime. This study aims to investigate contributions of life-course circumstances to cognitive function of Chinese older adults aged 60 years and above. METHODS: We used data on 12,394 older adults from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study 2011-2020. Fixed-effects multivariable linear regressions accounted for repeated measures and within-person characteristics. Nested sequential regression models decomposed cognitive function, estimating relative contributions of distinct life-course domains. Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition quantified group differences in cognitive performance, while heterogeneity analysis was conducted by gender, age, and residence. RESULTS: Early-life factors directly accounted for 28.36 % of cognitive function. For cumulative associations, the marginal association of early-life factors with cognitive function, episodic memory, and executive function generally became larger. Adulthood socioeconomic status accounted for the largest proportion (36.05 %) of cognitive function. Differences in cognitive performance were observed between males/females, pre-old/older population, and people residing in urban/rural areas. CONCLUSIONS: Unfavorable life-course factors appeared to be associated with lower late-life cognitive function. These associations were exacerbated by cumulative socioeconomic inequalities. The results will offer insights for policy initiatives designed to reduce health inequities by focusing on multiple exposures throughout an individual's lifespan.
Characteristics associated with device type used among middle school and high school students who currently used E-cigarettes in the U.S., 2023.
Cowan H, May S, Park-Lee E … +1 more , Sawdey MD
Prev Med · 2026 Apr · PMID 41390002 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: In 2023, e-cigarettes were the most commonly used tobacco product among US middle and high school students, with most reporting use of disposable devices. This study assessed characteristics associated with de...
OBJECTIVE: In 2023, e-cigarettes were the most commonly used tobacco product among US middle and high school students, with most reporting use of disposable devices. This study assessed characteristics associated with device type use among youth currently using e-cigarettes. METHODS: Data from the 2023 National Youth Tobacco Survey were used to describe and compare select demographic characteristics, e-cigarette use patterns, and other tobacco use by device type groups (disposable vs. non-disposable [pods, cartridges, tanks, mods]) among youth who currently use (past 30-day) e-cigarettes. Adjusted prevalence ratios were calculated to assess the associations of device type with different characteristics. RESULTS: Among youth currently using e-cigarettes, more disposable users reported any sweet flavor use (82.1 % vs. 66.3 %), while fewer reported use of any menthol flavor (18.7 % vs. 36.1 %) or any tobacco-flavored/unflavored products (11.0 % vs. 19.3 %) compared to non-disposable users. After adjusting for covariates, youth using sweet flavors (adjusted PR [aPR]:1.30, 95 %CI: 1.08, 1.56), other flavors (aPR:1.17, 95 %CI: 1.04, 1.33), or who got their e-cigarettes themselves (aPR:1.13, 95 %CI: 1.01, 1.25) had a higher prevalence of disposable e-cigarette use compared to non-disposable, whereas those using menthol flavor (aPR:0.77, 95 %CI: 0.59, 1.00), tobacco-flavored/unflavored products (aPR:0.86, 95 %CI: 0.75, 1.00), or who got their e-cigarettes from a friend (aPR:0.85, 95 %CI: 0.76, 0.97) had a lower prevalence of disposable e-cigarette use. CONCLUSIONS: The present study found differences in reported flavor type and access to e-cigarettes between disposable and non-disposable e-cigarette users. These results highlight the appeal and accessibility of disposable e-cigarettes among youth, particularly those in sweet flavors.
Nutritional awareness, dietary choices, and weight status.
Restrepo BJ
Prev Med · 2026 Feb · PMID 41386357 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: To examine the associations between regular nutritional awareness and dietary choices and weight status among U.S. adults, while accounting for unobserved household- or individual-level factors that are fixed...
OBJECTIVE: To examine the associations between regular nutritional awareness and dietary choices and weight status among U.S. adults, while accounting for unobserved household- or individual-level factors that are fixed over time. METHODS: Using 2009-2011 and 2015 data on U.S. adults from the 1997 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, pooled ordinary least squares (OLS) and fixed-effects (FE) models controlling for time-constant household- or individual-level unobserved heterogeneity were used to assess the relationships between regular nutritional awareness and dietary behaviors and weight status. RESULTS: Pooled OLS estimations showed statistically significant associations between regular nutritional awareness and dietary choices and weight status. Individual FE estimations attenuated these associations, making the association with weight status insignificant, but still significant for certain dietary behaviors. Controlling for permanent individual-level unobserved factors, U.S. adults with regular nutritional awareness ate less at fast-food restaurants, skipped fewer meals, drank fewer sugary beverages, controlled calories more often, and ate more fruits and vegetables. CONCLUSIONS: Accounting for unobserved heterogeneity, such as stable food preferences and tastes, is important when evaluating the complex nexus of nutritional awareness, dietary choices, and weight status. Policies and programs promoting nutritional awareness among U.S. adults may improve certain dietary behaviors, though broader approaches may be needed to improve weight status.
Training in medications for opioid use disorder and buprenorphine prescribing in the post X-waiver era: Insights from a nationwide, multispecialty survey.
Kim-Vences SIH, Nguyen J, Hirth JM … +4 more , Suen KP, Keough CA, Zoorob R, Kowalchuk AA
Prev Med · 2026 Feb · PMID 41371368 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: The January 2023 repeal of the X-waiver aimed to reduce regulatory barriers to buprenorphine prescribing and enhance patient access to medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD). Its impact on prescribing by n...
OBJECTIVE: The January 2023 repeal of the X-waiver aimed to reduce regulatory barriers to buprenorphine prescribing and enhance patient access to medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD). Its impact on prescribing by non-addiction-trained physicians, the integration of MOUD training into residency programs, and the role of mandated training on clinical practice remain unclear. METHODS: A 2024 online survey assessed physicians' awareness of the X-waiver repeal, exposure to MOUD training, and changes in buprenorphine prescribing. Multivariable logistic regression evaluated the independent effect of MOUD training and whether mandatory versus voluntary formats influenced prescribing behavior. RESULTS: Among 959 physicians (42.7 % residents), 88.9 % endorsed the importance of treating patients with MOUD; yet 18.2 % were unaware of the repeal, and 16.8 % reported no MOUD training. Only 25.5 % of non-waivered physicians had initiated prescribing. Residents (28.8 % vs. 20.3 % among attendings; p = 0.02) and physicians in psychiatry (37.2 %), emergency medicine (36.8 %), and family medicine (32.8 %) were more likely to prescribe (p < 0.01). These differences were largely attenuated by MOUD training, which showed the strongest association with prescribing regardless of format. CONCLUSIONS: MOUD training, whether mandatory or voluntary, was significantly associated with buprenorphine prescribing. Standardizing training across specialties and institutions may improve buprenorphine uptake.
Self-report physical activity instruments for United States adults: A systematic review of initial validation studies.
Miezah D, Fraser EH, Shi L … +1 more , Hayman L
Prev Med · 2026 Feb · PMID 41360316 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: To examine the methodological rigor and psychometric reporting of self-report physical activity (SRPA) instruments for adults, focusing on their initial validation studies. METHODS: A systematic literature rev...
OBJECTIVE: To examine the methodological rigor and psychometric reporting of self-report physical activity (SRPA) instruments for adults, focusing on their initial validation studies. METHODS: A systematic literature review, guided by PRISMA, was conducted to identify SRPA instruments reporting initial validation of psychometric development from 1985 to July 2025. Five databases including PubMed, PsycINFO, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health, PsycTests, and Web of Science were searched. The International Centre for Allied Health Evidence (iCAHE) Ready Reckoner was used to appraise instrument psychometric properties. RESULTS: Nine SRPA instruments were identified and evaluated. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form and Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity demonstrated the highest methodological rigor, with strong validity, ease of use, and broad applicability. The 7-Day Physical Activity Recall and Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly had good psychometric support but were more burdensome to administer. Common limitations included incomplete reporting of reliability and dimensionality. CONCLUSION: The SRPA instruments vary in quality and feasibility. Selection should align with study objectives, population characteristics, and the specific psychometric strengths and limitations identified in each instrument.
Adolescent leisure-time physical activity types and cardiometabolic health in mid-adulthood: Findings from an Australian cohort.
Miller K, Fraser B, Gall S … +3 more , Dwyer T, Venn A, Cleland V
Prev Med · 2026 Feb · PMID 41330452 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: Adolescent leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) is associated with favourable cardiometabolic health, yet the influence of specific LTPA types and longer-term outcomes remains unclear. This study investigated...
OBJECTIVE: Adolescent leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) is associated with favourable cardiometabolic health, yet the influence of specific LTPA types and longer-term outcomes remains unclear. This study investigated whether adolescent participation in specific LTPA types is associated with cardiometabolic health in mid-adulthood. METHODS: Data were obtained from the Childhood Determinants of Adult Health study, an Australian cohort spanning childhood to mid-adulthood. LTPA at age 15-19 years was retrospectively assessed in 2004-2006 using the Historical Leisure Activity Questionnaire, with activities grouped into 16 categories. Cardiometabolic measures (waist circumference, blood pressure, glucose, triglycerides, and HDL cholesterol) were collected at age 36-49 years (2014-2019). Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and a continuous MetS score were derived. RESULTS: Analyses included 1232 participants. In males, adolescent football and weight training were associated with a lower risk of MetS in mid-adulthood, while action sports were linked to higher risk. Among females, action sports and running were associated with better cardiometabolic profiles in midlife, whereas martial arts were associated with poorer outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Associations between adolescent LTPA and mid-adult cardiometabolic health varied by activity type and sex. Findings suggest specific adolescent activities may better promote cardiometabolic health into mid-adulthood, yet further research is required to understand the underlying mechanisms.
Physical activity and post-COVID symptoms: Findings from the EPICOVID 2.0 survey in Brazil.
Felix DM, Mohandas VJ, de Andrade Leão OA … +2 more , Siqueira FV, Hallal PC
Prev Med · 2026 Feb · PMID 41314260 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: This study primarily aims to analyze changes in physical activity after the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil and their association with post-COVID symptoms. We also examined associations between sociodemographic va...
OBJECTIVE: This study primarily aims to analyze changes in physical activity after the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil and their association with post-COVID symptoms. We also examined associations between sociodemographic variables (sex, region, wealth quintile, education, age, and race/ethnicity) and physical activity. METHODS: Using data from the 2024 Brazilian national survey EPICOVID 2.0, with 33,250 participants, we analyzed self-reported changes in physical activity during the pandemic. To test associations between four categories ("Never Practiced" as reference category, "Decreased", "Maintained", or "Increased") and 14 post-COVID symptoms, we used adjusted Logistic regression models. Establishing a threshold of p < 0.004, after Bonferroni correction. RESULTS: The "Maintained" physical activity group had a significantly lower proportion of tiredness, Odds Ratio [95 % CI] = 0.57[0.39, 0.83], and joint pain, OR [95 % CI] = 0.61 [0.44, 0.84]. Even though not statistically significant, the "Decreased" activity group showed higher odds of some post-COVID symptoms. CONCLUSION: Compared to the reference group, participants who maintained some level of physical activity during the pandemic have lower odds of presenting some post-COVID symptoms. Results highlight the importance of sustained engagement in physical activity and the need for targeted interventions to promote equitable access.
Association between weekend catch-up sleep and white blood cell count among Korean adults: A population-based cross-sectional study.
Lee J, Kim YJ, Yang BR
Prev Med · 2026 Jan · PMID 41308703 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the association between weekend catch-up sleep (WCS) and systemic inflammation, as indicated by serum white blood cell (WBC) counts. METHODS: A cross-sectional study of 22,143 participa...
OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the association between weekend catch-up sleep (WCS) and systemic inflammation, as indicated by serum white blood cell (WBC) counts. METHODS: A cross-sectional study of 22,143 participants from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016-2018, and 2021) categorized into no-WCS (<1 h), moderate WCS (1 to <3 h), and extended WCS (≥3 h). WBC counts were divided into quartiles, and polytomous logistic regression was used to assess associations between WCS and WBC counts. Stratified analyses considered age, sex, body mass index (BMI), sleep duration, and bedtime inconsistency. RESULTS: Extended WCS was modestly associated with higher WBC counts, particularly in adults aged 20-39 years (odds ratio [OR] = 1.42, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 1.08, 1.87), 40-64 years (OR = 1.54, 95 % CI: 1.19, 1.99), males (OR = 1.56, 95 %e CI: 1.21, 2.01), individuals with BMI < 25 kg/m (OR = 1.45, 95 % CI: 1.21, 1.76), and those with irregular bedtimes (OR = 1.78, 95 % CI: 1.34, 2.37). Moderate WCS was inversely associated with higher BMI (OR = 0.79, 95 % CI: 0.64, 0.97). Significant interactions were observed by age, sex, BMI, and bedtime inconsistency. CONCLUSIONS: Extended WCS was associated with elevated systemic inflammation in specific subgroups. Maintaining regular and moderate sleep patterns may help mitigate low-grade inflammation.
The association between outdoor environmental factors in kindergartens and children's moderate-to-vigorous physical activity: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Xu Z, Li S, Chu H … +1 more , Zhou K
Prev Med · 2026 Jan · PMID 41308702 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: The kindergarten outdoor environment is considered a key factor influencing children's moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). However, existing findings remain inconsistent, with varying criteria and...
OBJECTIVES: The kindergarten outdoor environment is considered a key factor influencing children's moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). However, existing findings remain inconsistent, with varying criteria and no synthesis. METHODS: Associations came from studies employing two common measurement methods: accelerometry and direct observation. Fixed- or random-effects models were applied to calculate pooled correlation coefficients. A systematic search of six databases for studies published 2000-2024 identified 17 articles, and 9 met the inclusion criteria for meta-analysis. All outdoor environmental factors were standardized and categorized using validated observational systems, enabling consistent evaluation of their associations with children's MVPA and facilitating data integration across methods. RESULTS: Open spaces, natural elements, and "ball and object play" were moderately positively associated with children's MVPA. Fixed equipment showed weak positive association, while sedentary environments showed very weak negative association. Direct observation appeared slightly more sensitive than accelerometry in detecting these associations. CONCLUSIONS: Open spaces, natural elements, and "ball and object play" are associated with higher levels of children's MVPA, while sedentary environments are linked to reduced activity. These findings highlight the importance of designing kindergarten outdoor environments that promote children's physical activity and healthy development. Future studies should consider the influence of measurement tool differences on results.
The impact of nutrition information labels on alcohol containers in Canada: an online randomized trial.
Vanderlee L, White CM, Hammond D … +1 more , Hobin E
Prev Med · 2026 Jan · PMID 41308701 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: To determine if nutritional information on an alcohol container influenced consumer perceptions of product healthiness, and whether the effect of information differed by display format. METHODS: Online randomi...
OBJECTIVE: To determine if nutritional information on an alcohol container influenced consumer perceptions of product healthiness, and whether the effect of information differed by display format. METHODS: Online randomized controlled trial among adults in Canada sampled from a commercial panel (analytical sample n = 3880) in November/December 2024. Participants were randomized to view a wine product in one of four conditions: (1) control (no label), (2) Nutrition Facts table (NFT), (3) textual nutrition information, (4) Alcohol Facts table, and were asked "How healthy would it be to drink this wine regularly?" (7-point Likert-type item, very unhealthy to very healthy). Logistic regression compared the likelihood of rating the product as "a little healthy/healthy/very healthy" between conditions. RESULTS: Compared to the control (16.5 %), those in the NFT condition had higher odds of rating the product as "a little healthy/healthy/very healthy" (28.3 %, AOR = 1.97, 95 %CI,1.57,2.47), as did those in the textual nutrition information condition (23.8 %, AOR = 1.60, 95 %CI,1.27,2.02). There were no differences between the control condition and the Alcohol Facts table condition (18.8 %). CONCLUSIONS: Nutritional information on alcohol products may lead consumers to falsely believe products are 'healthier'. Label design and features that make alcohol products distinct from non-alcoholic food and beverages may reduce unintended impacts.
Cumulative supplemental nutrition assistance program participation and memory aging among US older adults, 1996-2018.
Yu X, Kezios KL, Lu P … +2 more , Swift SL, Zeki Al Hazzouri A
Prev Med · 2026 Jan · PMID 41285226 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: Losing Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) benefits is common and can be stressful. We evaluated cumulative SNAP participation in relation to subsequent memory aging among older adults. METHODS: D...
OBJECTIVE: Losing Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) benefits is common and can be stressful. We evaluated cumulative SNAP participation in relation to subsequent memory aging among older adults. METHODS: Data were from 2633 adults aged 65+ in US Health and Retirement Study 1996-2018. Cumulative SNAP participation over the eight-year period was measured as the percentage of the time individuals participated in SNAP when they were eligible and operationalized as never (n = 2257), intermittent (<2/3, n = 219), and sustained (≥2/3, n = 157). Memory function was assessed by composite memory z-scores incorporating direct and proxy assessments. We fit mixed-effects linear regression models to investigate the association of interest. RESULTS: Compared to those who were eligible but never participated in SNAP, individuals with intermittent (0.017 SD units; 95 % CI: -0.002 to 0.036) and sustained SNAP participation (0.020 SD units; 95 % CI: 0.001 to 0.040) experienced a slower rate of memory decline, although the estimate for the intermittent SNAP group crossed the null. The observed effect size was equivalent to delaying memory decline by 1.87 and 2.24 years per decade for SNAP intermittent and sustained participants. CONCLUSION: Cumulative SNAP participation may help to preserve memory health among low-income older adults in the United States.
Weight discrimination and up-to-date breast and cervical cancer screening in US women.
Gerend MA, Wilkinson LJ, Pendleton C … +2 more , Sutin AR, Shepherd JE
Prev Med · 2026 Jan · PMID 41285225 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: Little research has investigated whether people's experiences with weight-related discrimination serve as a barrier to cancer screening. This study examined the association between weight discrimination and re...
OBJECTIVE: Little research has investigated whether people's experiences with weight-related discrimination serve as a barrier to cancer screening. This study examined the association between weight discrimination and receipt of up to date (UTD) cervical and breast cancer screening in a demographically diverse sample of US women with representation across the body mass index (BMI) spectrum. METHODS: In 2021, women aged 25-64 years completed an online survey. Multivariable logistic regression assessed the association between perceived weight discrimination (as measured by the Stigmatizing Situations Survey-Brief) and self-reported cervical (N = 909) and breast cancer screening (N = 442), in Black and White women, adjusting for BMI and demographic characteristics. RESULTS: Among White women, more frequent exposure to weight discrimination was associated with significantly lower odds of UTD cervical cancer screening, AOR = 0.78; 95 % CI = 0.62, 0.97, and breast cancer screening, AOR = 0.53, 95 % CI = 0.36, 0.78; for each unit increase on the weight discrimination scale, the odds of screening decreased by approximately 25-50 %. In contrast, weight discrimination was not significantly associated with either type of screening among Black women. CONCLUSIONS: Previous experiences with weight discrimination may deter some women from seeking routine cancer screening. Strategies for mitigating the harmful consequences of weight-related discrimination in health care settings are needed.
Generative artificial intelligence in scientific publishing: Expectations for authors and reviewers at Preventive Medicine and Preventive Medicine Reports.
Arthur AW, Moore A, Carmona Rosado L … +6 more , Kassam P, Logel M, Nieves CI, Tope P, Litaker D, Borrell LN
Prev Med · 2026 Feb · PMID 41276424 · Publisher ↗
Abstract loading — click title to view on PubMed.
Cancer screening uptake among refugees in high and middle-income countries: a systematic review.
Aragaw FM, Dawson A, Lekkas P … +4 more , Yeo S, Cheng Y, Ewunie TM, Hayen A
Prev Med · 2026 Jan · PMID 41270875 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: Cancer screening is a crucial strategy for reducing cancer morbidity and mortality. Refugees encounter disproportionate challenges in preventive healthcare, yet their cancer screening uptake remain poorly char...
OBJECTIVE: Cancer screening is a crucial strategy for reducing cancer morbidity and mortality. Refugees encounter disproportionate challenges in preventive healthcare, yet their cancer screening uptake remain poorly characterized. We aimed to synthesize breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening uptake among refugees in high and middle-income countries. METHOD: A systematic search was conducted using OVID (Medline, Embase), CINAHL, Web of Science, and Scopus from inception to July 2024 to identify studies reporting breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening uptake among refugees. Articles were screened in Covidence, and methodological quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist. Data were synthesized with a descriptive and narrative approach. RESULT: Of 2044 articles retrieved, 23 studies included in the review. Refugees exhibited lower cervical, breast, and colorectal cancer screening uptake than non-refugees with variation across cancer types. Reported rates of ever having Pap test and mammogram among refugee women ranged from 13.9 % to 59 %, and 5.3 % to 63 %, respectively. Commonly cited determinants of cancer screening uptake included education, length of stay, cultural/religious beliefs, and family/provider recommendations. CONCLUSION: Refugees had lower cancer screening uptake than host populations. Targeted, culturally informed multilevel interventions addressing their unique barriers are needed to improve refugees access to cancer screening.
Visual disabilities and depression/anxiety among adolescents: A nationwide cohort study.
Piao Z, Choi HK, Jeon B … +1 more , Han E
Prev Med · 2026 Jan · PMID 41265573 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: Using South Korea's National Health Insurance Service data (2010-2022), this cohort study compared the risk of depression and anxiety in adolescents with visual disabilities to matched controls, examining the...
OBJECTIVES: Using South Korea's National Health Insurance Service data (2010-2022), this cohort study compared the risk of depression and anxiety in adolescents with visual disabilities to matched controls, examining the effects of disability severity and duration. METHODS: The study included a cohort of adolescents aged 6-17, consisting of 1444 individuals with visual disabilities and 1444 matched controls. The risks for developing depression and anxiety were assessed using multivariable Cox regression analysis, allowing for the adjustment of covariates. RESULTS: The incidence of depression was 16.62 % in adolescents with visual disabilities versus 12.12 % in matched controls, while anxiety incidence was 20.64 % versus 16.20 %. After adjustment, adolescents with visual disabilities had a higher risk of depression (adjusted Hazard Ratio [aHR]: 1.35, 95 % CI: 1.11, 1.65) and anxiety (aHR: 1.29, 95 % CI: 1.08, 1.53). Severe visual disability was associated with both conditions. A shorter disability duration (0-3 years) heightened depression risk, whereas a longer duration (≥6 years) was linked to increased anxiety risk. CONCLUSIONS: Visual disability severity and duration are significant determinants of mental health in adolescents. These results highlight a critical need for proactive screening and tailored psychological support to address the specific challenges faced by this vulnerable population.
Mental health emergencies and mortality following public fine particulate matter alerts: A Nationwide case-crossover study in South Korea.
Jhang H, Lee W, Lee JT … +4 more , Kim Y, Cho CH, Kim S, Choe SA
Prev Med · 2026 Jan · PMID 41242364 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: Little is known about whether issuing particulate matter ≤2.5 μm (PM) alerts influences emergency department presentations for mental health or mortality. We evaluated the impact of PM alerts on mental disorde...
OBJECTIVE: Little is known about whether issuing particulate matter ≤2.5 μm (PM) alerts influences emergency department presentations for mental health or mortality. We evaluated the impact of PM alerts on mental disorder-related emergency visit and mortality. METHODS: We conducted a time-stratified case-crossover analysis comparing PM alert versus non-alert days between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2021 using multiple South Korean databases. Alert days were 1:1 matched to non-alert days on the basis of daily mean municipal-level of PM. We applied conditional Poisson regression models, stratified by region, to estimate relative risks of mental disorder, related emergency department visits and mortality for PM alert. RESULTS: A 20 μg/m increase in PM was associated with elevated risks of mental disorder-related emergency department visits and mortality. On PM alert days, the risk of mental disorder-related emergency visits was lower compared with matched non-alert days (RR = 0.94, 95 % confidence intervals [CI]: 0.92, 0.97). This association was observed for both organic and non-organic mental disorders. All-cause, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortality showed small, non-significant increases on alert days. CONCLUSIONS: Issuance of PM alerts in South Korea was associated with a modest reduction in emergency visits for mental disorders but did not correspond with lower mortality.
About
- Frequency
- Sun
- Papers found
- 200
- RSS feed
- Subscribe