Addict Behav [JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Levamisole in opioid overdose patients: An evolving adulterant landscape.
Falise AM, Buchanan J, Culbreth R … +10 more , Levine M, Schwarz E, Aldy K, Campleman S, Krotulski A, Brent J, Wax P, Goodrich W, Manini AF, Toxicology Investigators Consortium ToxIC Fentalog Study Group
Addict Behav · 2026 Jul · PMID 41849961 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Levamisole is an adulterant commonly associated with cocaine and has remained in the United States illicit drug supply despite a national decline in cocaine use. Levamisole has recently been detected in seize...
BACKGROUND: Levamisole is an adulterant commonly associated with cocaine and has remained in the United States illicit drug supply despite a national decline in cocaine use. Levamisole has recently been detected in seized illicit opioid samples, but limited research exists on this drug combination. This study examined the prevalence of laboratory confirmed levamisole exposures among patients with opioid overdose and assessed its association with sociodemographic characteristics along with patterns of co-occurring substance use. METHODS: This secondary data analysis of the Toxicology Investigators Consortium (ToxIC) Fentalog Study examined patients presenting to any of ten participating emergency departments throughout the United States with a suspected opioid overdose between 2020-2024. Chart reviews were conducted, and waste serum samples underwent liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectroscopy for comprehensive toxicology analysis. This secondary analysis only included patients who had confirmed opioid exposure at the time of overdose. RESULTS: Of 1,678 patients with confirmed opioid use, 225 (13.4%) were levamisole positive. Levamisole was more commonly detected in females (34.2%) compared to males (25.5%, p < 0.01), and there were significant age-related and racial/ethnic differences. Levamisole exposure was associated with a significantly higher number of confirmed co-exposures (levamisole: median = 9 substances, no levamisole: median = 6 substances, p < 0.01). It was also more frequently detected with stimulants (p < 0.01), fentanyl, and fentanyl analogues such as butyrylfentanyl, N-methyl-norfentanyl, ortho-fluorofentanyl, and para-flurorofentanyl (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: More than one in eight patients presenting with an opioid overdose were exposed to levamisole. These findings provide potential new evidence for levamisole adulteration alongside fentanyl and its analogues.
Association of living with smokers at home on early tobacco experimentation among Brazilian adolescents.
de Carvalho Alcantara G, Bloch KV, de Moraes CL … +1 more , Freire Coutinho ES
Addict Behav · 2026 Jul · PMID 41849960 · Publisher ↗
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Phone disconnects, anxiety kicks in: A daily diary study of the dynamic reciprocal relationship between nomophobia and fear of missing out among college students.
Gu H, Wang X, Hu Y … +1 more , Cheng Y
Addict Behav · 2026 Jul · PMID 41825433 · Publisher ↗
As smartphones become increasingly integrated into daily life, the growing prevalence of nomophobia and fear of missing out (FoMO) among college students has garnered considerable attention from both researchers and the...
As smartphones become increasingly integrated into daily life, the growing prevalence of nomophobia and fear of missing out (FoMO) among college students has garnered considerable attention from both researchers and the public. Although previous research has identified FoMO as a key predictor of nomophobia, little is known about the dynamic interplay between these two constructs in everyday contexts. Using a daily diary approach, 200 Chinese college students were intensively tracked over 21 consecutive days. Dynamic structural equation modeling (DSEM) was employed to examine the bidirectional relationship between nomophobia and FoMO. The results indicated that, at the within-person level, higher levels of FoMO significantly predicted increased nomophobia symptoms, which in turn further elevated FoMO, forming a vicious feedback loop. At the between-person level, a significant positive association was observed between nomophobia and FoMO. These findings offer both theoretical implications and practical guidance for understanding the psychological challenges specific to the digital era and for developing effective interventions targeted at this population.
Neural correlates of internet gaming disorder and gambling disorder: An fMRI Meta-Analysis.
Ortega JM, Regodón B, Roncero M … +3 more , Civeira I, Ferre-Navarrete F, Obeso I
Addict Behav · 2026 Jul · PMID 41806539 · Publisher ↗
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Social anxiety as a predisposing factor for social media addiction: A two-wave longitudinal investigation of social comparison as an underlying mechanism.
Chan RCH, Lam MS
Addict Behav · 2026 Jul · PMID 41802375 · Publisher ↗
The growing popularity of social media has fundamentally transformed the way people communicate, socialize, and engage with their social environments. While social media-based interactions offer numerous benefits, they h...
The growing popularity of social media has fundamentally transformed the way people communicate, socialize, and engage with their social environments. While social media-based interactions offer numerous benefits, they have also given rise to social media addiction, particularly among socially anxious individuals. This two-wave longitudinal study examined the relationship between social anxiety and social media addiction, with a focus on the mediating role of social media social comparison and potential gender differences. A sample of 330 emerging adults in Hong Kong (75.2% women, 24.8% men; M age = 21.24; age range = 18-25) was included in the study. Of these participants, 243 were retained at follow-up and completed measures of social anxiety, social media social comparison, and social media addiction across two time points. The study revealed that 30.0% of participants were at risk of social media addiction. The results showed that social anxiety was positively associated with social media addiction over a three-month period. Social media social comparison significantly mediated this relationship, particularly among women. The study highlights the need for mental health interventions that address both social anxiety and problematic social media use, while considering the role of social media social comparison in maintaining these difficulties. These results have important implications for mental health professionals, social media developers, and educational institutions in supporting well-being in the digital age.
Emotional symptoms and problematic internet use among adolescents with and without childhood trauma: A two-wave cross-lagged panel and network analysis.
Xie X, Hu Z, Tian X … +3 more , Wang X, Yang Y, Kong L
Addict Behav · 2026 Jul · PMID 41780207 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Emotional symptoms, including depression and anxiety, are commonly linked with Problematic Internet Use in adolescents. However, the temporal dynamics of these associations, particularly in the context of chi...
BACKGROUND: Emotional symptoms, including depression and anxiety, are commonly linked with Problematic Internet Use in adolescents. However, the temporal dynamics of these associations, particularly in the context of childhood trauma, remain unclear. This study aimed to examine the bidirectional relationships between emotional symptoms and Problematic Internet Use, with a focus on whether trauma exposure moderates these associations. METHODS: Two-wave data were collected from 10,394 Chinese adolescents over a six-month interval. Depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and Problematic Internet Use were assessed at both time points. Cross-lagged panel models (CLPM) tested temporal associations, and cross-lagged panel network analyses (CLPN) identified symptom-level predictors. RESULTS: Depressive symptoms at Time 1 predicted Problematic Internet Use at Time 2 in both trauma-exposed (β = 0.122) and non-exposed (β = 0.098) groups, with stronger effects compared to anxiety symptoms (β = 0.081 and 0.098, respectively). Trauma exposure did not significantly moderate the strength of these variable-level associations. In the CLPN, negative self-esteem (Out-EI: 0.598-0.822) and anhedonia (Out-EI: 0.605-0.613) were key predictors, while social withdrawal was the most influenced symptom (In-EI: 0.646-0.864). Adolescents with trauma exposure exhibited a less interconnected and sparser symptom network. CONCLUSIONS: Depressive symptoms, particularly negative self-esteem and anhedonia, play a central role in the development of adolescent Problematic Internet Use. Although childhood trauma did not moderate the strength of associations at the variable level, it was associated with alterations in the structural dynamics of symptom interactions, highlighting the need for trauma-informed, emotion-focused interventions in adolescent mental health.
How effective are national tobacco prevention and cessation campaigns in reaching youth? Population assessment of tobacco and health, Wave 7 insights.
Jebai R, Ranker LR, Fetterman JL … +3 more , Chen HY, Hong T, Ross JC
Addict Behav · 2026 Jul · PMID 41762946 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Mass media campaigns play a central role in U.S. tobacco control, often utilizing multiple platforms to shape norms and discourage tobacco initiation. However, there is little research about youth exposure...
INTRODUCTION: Mass media campaigns play a central role in U.S. tobacco control, often utilizing multiple platforms to shape norms and discourage tobacco initiation. However, there is little research about youth exposure to these campaigns and how exposure varies across demographic and behavioral subgroups. METHODS: We analyzed data (N = 10,568 youth) from Wave 7 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study to examine associations between awareness of Truth, The Real Cost, and Tips from Former Smokers (Tips) campaigns and participant demographics; any tobacco, cigarette, and e-cigarette use; social media use and advertising exposure; and tobacco harm perceptions. We estimated adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using weighted log-binomial regression models. RESULTS: Overall, 52% of youth reported awareness of Truth, 65% to The Real Cost, and 21% to Tips. Youth who have ever used or were susceptible to using tobacco, cigarettes, or e-cigarettes reported higher awareness of Truth and The Real Cost campaigns. Younger (12-14-year-olds) youth, those identifying as Hispanic, and those from lower-income or less-educated households were less likely to report campaign awareness. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that national anti-tobacco campaigns are reaching many youth at risk of tobacco use, especially those who are already using or susceptible to tobacco use. However, certain segments of youth, such as those who are younger, are Hispanic, and of lower socioeconomic status were less likely to report seeing the campaigns, suggesting they remain under-reached. These patterns highlight ongoing challenges in achieving equitable public health communication.
Removing Tobacco Price Discounts from the Retail Point-of-Sale Exterior Reduces Young Adults' Future Cigarette Smoking Susceptibility: an Experimental Investigation.
Dunbar MS, Setodji CM, Martino SC … +4 more , Wong JCS, van Valkenburg G, Jenson D, Shadel WG
Addict Behav · 2026 Jun · PMID 41759302 · Full text
INTRODUCTION: Prohibiting display of price promotions (e.g., coupons, discounts, two-for-one deals) at retail point-of-sale (POS) may reduce cigarette smoking risk, particularly among price-sensitive groups like young ad...
INTRODUCTION: Prohibiting display of price promotions (e.g., coupons, discounts, two-for-one deals) at retail point-of-sale (POS) may reduce cigarette smoking risk, particularly among price-sensitive groups like young adults, but evidence supporting this type of regulatory action is non-existent. The present study experimentally tested the impact of removing price discounts from a retail POS setting on young adults' susceptibility to smoke cigarettes. METHODS: Young adults (n = 289) ages 18-20 were randomly assigned to complete a shopping task in a life-sized model convenience store laboratory, under one of the following experimental conditions: 1) price discounts absent (i.e., no visible price discount information displayed on exterior signage appearing on the entrance door to the store); and 2) a control condition with discount information present on exterior signage, as usual. Participants completed separate measures of future intentions to smoke cigarettes before and after shopping. Multivariable logistic regression assessed the effect of condition on likelihood of future smoking susceptibility (1 = any susceptibility; 0 = no susceptibility) to smoke cigarettes. The model controlled for baseline (pre-shopping) cigarette smoking susceptibility, cigarette and other tobacco use history, and demographic characteristics (age, sex, race, socioeconomic status). RESULTS: There was a main effect of study condition such that exposure to the price discounts absent condition (vs. control) reduced young adults' susceptibility to smoke cigarettes (aOR = 0.48, 95% CI 0.23 - 1.00, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Consistent with recommendations for comprehensive tobacco control programs, findings from this experiment suggest that policies prohibiting displays of price discounts at retail settings may help to reduce cigarette smoking intentions in young people.
Gender differences in problematic internet use and psychological distress among Chinese early adolescents: A cross-lagged panel network analysis.
Fang T, Hu Z, Jiang L … +5 more , Xie X, Zhuo F, Wang X, Yang Y, Kong L
Addict Behav · 2026 Jun · PMID 41759301 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Problematic internet use (PIU) and psychological distress are widespread in early adolescence. However, most existing research on this topic has not specifically targeted this developmental period, examined g...
BACKGROUND: Problematic internet use (PIU) and psychological distress are widespread in early adolescence. However, most existing research on this topic has not specifically targeted this developmental period, examined gender differences, or used longitudinal designs, thereby limiting causal inference. Therefore, we employed a prospective cross-lagged panel network analysis to address these gaps, focusing on gender differences in the relationship between PIU and psychological distress among early adolescents. METHODS: This two-wave longitudinal study included 5,238 Chinese early adolescents (mean age = 13.53 ± 0.57 years), with data collected at baseline and at a six-month one-year follow-up. PIU and psychological distress were measured.We estimated Cross-lagged panel network (CLPN) models for the full sample and by gender subgroup to examine central symptoms and their directional relationships over time. RESULTS: Controlling for age and gender variables, CLPN models revealed that"negative self - esteem"demonstrated the strongest predictive power for subsequent symptoms, while "withdrawal and social problems" (a core PIU symptom) were the most susceptible to the influence of prior symptoms. Gender-stratified analysis showed that "anhedonia" was the core symptom in males, whereas "negative self - esteem" emerged as the pivotal symptom in females. CONCLUSIONS: Given the distinct core symptoms identified for males (anhedonia) and females (negative self-esteem), intervention programs should prioritize these gender-specific targets, moving beyond a one-size-fits-all approach. Additionally, the identified central PIU symptom ("withdrawal and social problems") represents a critical and modifiable target for early prevention efforts.
Corrigendum to "Tobacco and cannabis co-use by route of administration in the United States, 2022/2023" [Addict. Behav. 175 (2026) 108595].
Gibson LP, Parks MJ, Kimmel HL … +11 more , Blanco C, Ciccolo JT, Creamer MR, Everard C, Freedman ND, Garcia M, Kingsbury JH, Lee YO, Marshall D, Compton WM, Kaufman A
Addict Behav · 2026 Jun · PMID 41724603 · Publisher ↗
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Lifetime psychedelic use and opioid use disorder severity in a National Survey: the roles of psychedelic type and mental health.
Ehmann S, Hager NM, Regier PS … +2 more , Jones G, Allen JJB
Addict Behav · 2026 Jun · PMID 41723946 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Opioid use disorder (OUD) remains a major public health crisis in the United States, with mental health disorders substantially increasing risk severity. Emerging evidence suggests psychedelics may relate to...
BACKGROUND: Opioid use disorder (OUD) remains a major public health crisis in the United States, with mental health disorders substantially increasing risk severity. Emerging evidence suggests psychedelics may relate to reduced OUD risk. This exploratory study examined associations between lifetime psychedelic use and OUD severity and tested whether these associations varied by mental health impairment. METHODS: Structural equation modeling of the cross-sectional 2023 U.S. National Survey on Drug Use and Health with multiple-group moderation (n = 45,133 adults). OUD severity was the primary outcome. Independent variables were two psychedelic factors derived from factor analysis: mescaline/peyote (Psychedelic_F1) and LSD/psilocybin/MDMA/DMT (Psychedelic_F2). Mental health impairment was modeled as a latent construct and used to define high vs. low impairment groups. Covariates included age, sex, and income. FINDINGS: Psychedelic_F1 associated with lower OUD severity (β = -0.34, p = 0.001), whereas Psychedelic_F2 associated with higher severity (β = 0.60, p < 0.001). Mental health impairment positively associated with OUD severity (β = 0.21, p < 0.001). Moderation analyses indicated Psychedelic_F1 related to lower OUD severity only in the high mental health impairment group (β = -0.15, p = 0.041), while the positive association for Psychedelic_F2 was attenuated among those with high impairment (β = 0.38, p < 0.001, vs. β = 0.48, p = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS: Psychedelic use patterns showed divergent associations with OUD severity. Mescaline/peyote use was linked to lower severity, whereas LSD/psilocybin/MDMA/DMT use was linked to higher severity, with effects differing by mental health impairment. Contextual and motivational factors underlying psychedelic use warrant further investigation.
Longitudinal relations between parental psychological control and adolescents' problematic smartphone use: intraindividual reaction time variability matters.
Guo Z, Zhang H
Addict Behav · 2026 Jun · PMID 41707509 · Publisher ↗
Although previous studies have demonstrated association between parental psychological control and adolescent problematic smartphone use, the dynamic longitudinal mechanisms underlying this relationship remain poorly und...
Although previous studies have demonstrated association between parental psychological control and adolescent problematic smartphone use, the dynamic longitudinal mechanisms underlying this relationship remain poorly understood. The present study addressed this gap by examining the moderating role of attentional control indexed by intraindividual reaction time variability (IIRTV) in the longitudinal association between parental psychological control and problematic smartphone use in early adolescence. A three-wave longitudinal study was conducted over a six-month period with 190 middle school students (49.5% boys; Mage = 13.24 years, SD = 1.22 years) from China. The latent growth models revealed that higher initial levels of parental psychological control predicted higher initial levels of problematic smartphone use, and steeper increases in parental psychological control predicted steeper increases in problematic smartphone use. Moreover, IIRTV significantly moderated these associations at both the intercept and slope levels, indicating that adolescents with lower attentional control (higher IIRTV) were more vulnerable to the adverse effects of parental psychological control. These findings suggest that attentional control may shape the strength of associations between parental psychological control and adolescents' tendencies toward problematic smartphone use. They offer evidence-based insights for developing targeted intervention strategies.
Why is problematic social media use more prevalent among Chinese adolescents with probable depression than their non-depressed peers? A longitudinal examination of the mediating roles of peer acceptance and loneliness.
Ji W, Ding L, Li X … +2 more , Wu Y, Li H
Addict Behav · 2026 Jun · PMID 41698284 · Publisher ↗
Problematic social media use (PSMU) among adolescents is a growing concern, particularly among those at risk for depression. However, few longitudinal studies have examined how depression status (probable depression vs....
Problematic social media use (PSMU) among adolescents is a growing concern, particularly among those at risk for depression. However, few longitudinal studies have examined how depression status (probable depression vs. non-depressed) influences the development of PSMU through interpersonal and emotional pathways. Drawing on the model of Compensatory Internet Use Theory, the present study investigated whether peer acceptance and loneliness would mediate the longitudinal association between depression status and PSMU among Chinese adolescents. A total of 1,187 adolescents (50.0% males; Mean age = 13.6 years, SD = 0.8) completed surveys across three waves. The study found that adolescents with probable depression at baseline showed a significantly higher prevalence of PSMU than their non-depressed peers (12.6% vs. 1.3%). Importantly, longitudinal mediation analysis indicated that peer acceptance at T1 partially mediated this group difference in PSMU at T3. Loneliness at T2 also was a significant mediator. In addition, a significant sequential mediation emerged: adolescents with probable depression at baseline reported lower peer acceptance at T1, which subsequently heightened loneliness at T2, ultimately contributing to higher levels of PSMU at T3. These findings support a developmental framework in which depression status differentiates adolescents' interpersonal functioning and emotional experiences, which in turn contribute to maladaptive patterns of social media use. Interventions that strengthen adolescents' peer relationships, reduce loneliness, and address compensatory online coping may help mitigate PSMU risk among youth with probable depression.
Cannabis modalities matter for momentary subjective drug effects.
Bedillion MF, Matlack MP, Ansell EB
Addict Behav · 2026 Jun · PMID 41698283 · Full text
PURPOSE: Modes of cannabis use, or modalities, have been linked to both concurrent and longitudinal outcomes as modes may influence individuals' subjective experiences. However, the existing literature relies predominant...
PURPOSE: Modes of cannabis use, or modalities, have been linked to both concurrent and longitudinal outcomes as modes may influence individuals' subjective experiences. However, the existing literature relies predominantly on experimental studies, observational surveys, and daily diary methods. The present study aimed to address this gap by using intensive repeated assessment data [e.g., ecological momentary assessment (EMA)] to examine associations between cannabis modalities and momentary subjective drug effects. RESULTS: A sample of 215 young adults who recreationally used cannabis (56.7% female, Mean age = 21 years) reported on cannabis use including patterns (e.g., modalities) and subjective drug effects across 21 days of EMA. Bong use was associated with greater momentary 'good effects', 'liking', and 'willingness to take cannabis again' compared to moments when a bowl was used. Vaporizer use was associated with lower subjective intoxication. When edibles were used, 'willingness to take cannabis again' was lower. CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that specific modalities (e.g., bong, vaporizer, edible) are associated with distinct subjective drug effects (e.g., intoxication, 'good effects', 'liking', 'willingness to take cannabis again'), which have previously been identified as key factors related to sustained and hazardous cannabis use. This highlights the importance of considering cannabis modalities in relation to their impact on misuse-related effects as well as to inform harm reduction approaches and early intervention strategies.
Infant caregiving, relational factors, mood, and pain in perinatal opioid use disorder: A prospective cohort with ecological momentary assessment.
Allen AM, Linde-Krieger LB, Baurley J … +5 more , Deschenes J, Mallahan S, Anderson A, Tecot S, Rankin L
Addict Behav · 2026 Jun · PMID 41690258 · Full text
Evidence-based opioid use disorder (OUD) relapse prevention interventions designed to the unique needs of the postpartum period are lacking. We aimed to identify novel intervention targets using ecological momentary asse...
Evidence-based opioid use disorder (OUD) relapse prevention interventions designed to the unique needs of the postpartum period are lacking. We aimed to identify novel intervention targets using ecological momentary assessment (EMA) with Bayesian mixed-effects models to assess infant caregiving (e.g., skin-to-skin contact), relational factors (e.g., loneliness), and individual factors (e.g., pain): (1) by OUD status, and (2) in relation to craving and coping. Participants with and without OUD (OUD+ and OUD-, respectively) were followed from late pregnancy to postpartum week 12 with daily EMA assessing infant caregiving, relational factors, individual factors, craving for non-therapeutic opioids (e.g., heroin), craving for therapeutic opioids (e.g., methadone), and coping with cravings. Participants (n = 61) were 29.4 ± 5.1 years old. Compared to OUD- (n = 18), OUD+(n = 43) had greater infant-focused anxiety (β = 0.24, 95% CI: 0.002, 0.48) and well-being stress (β = 0.32; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.64). Coping with cravings declined over time (β = -0.38, 95% CI: -0.77, -0.01) whereas opioid cravings did not. Numerous associations were identified including, but not limited to, non-therapeutic craving with infant-focused anxiety (β = 1.95; 95% CI: 0.33, 3.55) and pain (β = 0.08; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.13), therapeutic craving with tangible support (β = 3.99; 95% CI: 0.56, 7.48) and work-related stress (β = 1.88; 95% CI: 0.63, 3.14), and coping with cravings with skin-to-skin contact (β = 0.07; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.11) and general well-being stress (β = -2.07; 95% CI: -4.12, -0.01). Several modifiable risk factors had unique and meaningful associations with opioid cravings and coping with craving. Future research is needed to replicate these observations in diverse samples and examine the applicability to postpartum OUD recovery support.
Gambling, smoking and alcohol use in Great Britain: insights from the 2023 Gambling Survey of Great Britain.
Kock L, Brown J, Buss V … +2 more , Roberts A, Shahab L
Addict Behav · 2026 Jun · PMID 41690257 · Publisher ↗
Gambling often co-occurs with tobacco smoking and alcohol use, which likely exacerbates the physical, psychological, and financial harm that each of them cause. Using 2023 Gambling Survey for Great Britain (GSGB; n = 974...
Gambling often co-occurs with tobacco smoking and alcohol use, which likely exacerbates the physical, psychological, and financial harm that each of them cause. Using 2023 Gambling Survey for Great Britain (GSGB; n = 9742) data, we ran generalized linear models (adjusted for sex, age, income, housing tenure and ethnicity) to assess associations between i) risk or severity of gambling problems (Problem Gambling severity Index [PGSI], and reported overspend or ignoring spend limits), and ii) attempts to reduce gambling, with alcohol consumption (Alcohol Use Dependence Test for Consumption [AUDIT-C]) and current smoking. A multinomial model explored the association between the same gambling harm predictors and a composite measure of smoking and high-risk drinking. Compared with non-gamblers, AUDIT-C was significantly (all p < 0.001) higher across all PGSI response categories in a dose dependent fashion (PGSI 0 β=0.30; PGSI 1-2 β=0.64; PGSI 3-7 β=0.75; PGSI ≥ 8 β=1.40). The odds of current smoking also increased with higher PGSI scores but was only statistically significant for PGSI scores ≥ 8 (OR = 2.81, 95%CI 1.85, 4.28). Similar associations were apparent for overspending or ignoring limits. Those who attempted to reduce or stop gambling in the past year were more likely to smoke. Disordered gamblers (PGSI ≥ 8) compared with those who do not gamble had greatly increased odds of both smoking and having an AUDIT-C ≥ 8 (high-risk drinking) vs. not smoking and having an AUDIT-C score < 8 (OR = 9.37; 95%CI = 4.15-21.14; p < 0.001). Increased risk or severity of gambling problems is associated with risky drinking and odds of smoking in a dose dependent fashion. These findings underscore the need for integrated policy and intervention approaches to address gambling-related and substance-related harms together.
Parental sociodemographic profiles in relation to mental health, cannabis use motives, and cannabis use behaviors among a sample of US young adult parents.
Romm KF, Speer M, McCready DM … +4 more , Thakkar S, Chakraborty R, Cavazos-Rehg PA, Berg CJ
Addict Behav · 2026 May · PMID 41679098 · Full text
INTRODUCTION: Although past-month cannabis use has increased among US parents, little work has identified factors associated with parental use. METHODS: We analyzed 2023 survey data from 1,247 US young adult parents. Lat...
INTRODUCTION: Although past-month cannabis use has increased among US parents, little work has identified factors associated with parental use. METHODS: We analyzed 2023 survey data from 1,247 US young adult parents. Latent class analysis (LCA) identified sociodemographic profiles of age, number of children, education, marital status, employment, and sex. Multivariable regressions examined associations between class, depressive/anxiety symptoms, and past-month cannabis use among all participants; and class, depressive/anxiety symptoms, cannabis use motives, use frequency, consequences, and driving under the influence (DUI) of cannabis among those reporting past-month use. RESULTS: LCA identified 4 classes: Class 1 ('older married males with ≥ Bachelor's degree, full-time employment, 1-2 children', 18.4%); Class 2 ('younger single/cohabitating females with < Bachelor's degree, 1-2 children', 37.9%); Class 3 ('older married females with 1-3+ children', 30.3%); and Class 4 ('older single/cohabitating females with < Bachelor's degree, 3+ children' 13.3%). Among all parents, Class 2 and 4 (vs. 1) displayed higher odds of cannabis use; Class 2 displayed higher odds of depressive/anxiety symptoms, which were associated with past-month use. Among those reporting past-month use; Class 2 and 3 (vs. 1) displayed more frequent use and greater coping motives; coping motives were associated with more frequent use. Class 1 displayed greatest risk of use consequences and DUI of cannabis. CONCLUSIONS: Findings provide preliminary insights into parents most likely to use cannabis and experience consequences, highlighting the need for public health prevention/interventions that provide these parents with alternative coping resources.
Association between intimate partner violence victimization and smoking initiation and cessation among married adults in Korea.
Baek SU, Yoon JH
Addict Behav · 2026 May · PMID 41671948 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a global public health concern. Although some studies have identified cross-sectional associations between IPV victimization and smoking, longitudinal research remains limit...
BACKGROUND: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a global public health concern. Although some studies have identified cross-sectional associations between IPV victimization and smoking, longitudinal research remains limited. This study investigated the association between IPV victimization and smoking initiation and cessation among Korean adults. METHODS: This study included adult participants from the Korean Welfare Panel Study 2009-2023 (n = 13,450; observations = 108,932). Experiences of non-physical and overt physical IPV within the past year were assessed. The outcome measure was the incidence of smoking initiation and cessation in the following year. Generalized estimating equations were used to account for repeated measures. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to represent the associations. RESULTS: Among the overall sample, individuals exposed to non-physical or physical IPV had 1.36-fold (95% CI: 1.18-1.56) and 2.69-fold (95% CI: 1.77-4.08) higher odds of smoking initiation, respectively, compared to those not exposed to IPV. Furthermore, verbal IPV, threats of physical IPV, and physical IPV were associated with 1.43-fold (95% CI: 1.24-1.63), 1.74-fold (95% CI: 1.26-2.39), and 2.44-fold (95% CI: 1.60-3.72) increased odds of smoking initiation, respectively. These associations were observed in both men and women. However, no clear association was found between IPV and smoking cessation in the subsequent years. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that individuals who experienced IPV had an increased likelihood of smoking initiation one year after exposure. Consequently, policy interventions aimed at preventing IPV are warranted.
Adolescents' and adults' perceptions and intentions to use e-cigarettes following FDA authorization: insights from two survey experiments.
McCauley DM, Baiocchi M, Lempert LK … +1 more , Halpern-Felsher B
Addict Behav · 2026 May · PMID 41671947 · Full text
BACKGROUND: In 2021, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) authorized marketing of the first e-cigarette, Vuse Solo; subsequently, other e-cigarettes and related products were authorized or denied marketing. We exa...
BACKGROUND: In 2021, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) authorized marketing of the first e-cigarette, Vuse Solo; subsequently, other e-cigarettes and related products were authorized or denied marketing. We examined how FDA authorization affects perceptions of and intentions to use e-cigarettes. METHODS: Cross-sectional survey of N = 6,098 participants 13-40 years old; embedded experiments: (1) Randomized to a statement indicating FDA authorized marketing of Vuse Solo (Treatment) or no statement (Control). Participants reported perceptions of Vuse Solo health harms, benefits, and intentions to use. (2) Viewed a fictional e-cigarette ("NovaStik") with a brief description, including a randomized statement: NovaStik was "FDA authorized" (Condition 1), "Not FDA authorized" (Condition 2), or "FDA denied" (Condition 3). Participants reported perceptions of NovaStik and intentions to use. T-tests and ANOVAs evaluated differences in responses by condition; multi-variate regression examined differences in treatment effects by sex, age group, and past 30-day tobacco use. RESULTS: Experiment 1: treatment participants perceived Vuse Solo as less harmful than control participants (p's < 0.01); there were no differences in perceptions of addictiveness or intentions to use Vuse Solo by condition. Experiment 2: there were statistically significant differences in all NovaStik perceptions and intentions items (p's < 0.001). Participants in the FDA-authorized condition reported more positive perceptions and intentions compared to those in the "Not Authorized" or "Denied" conditions. DISCUSSION: Viewing information that e-cigarettes were FDA-authorized was associated with lower perceptions of health harms and higher intentions to use. Findings suggest that stated FDA authorization can have unintended effects on e-cigarette perceptions and intentions.
Trends in US adolescent cannabis use, 1991-2023.
Amrock SM, Sajkiewicz AJ
Addict Behav · 2026 May · PMID 41666574 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Cannabis use remains a major concern for adolescent health. Monitoring adolescent cannabis use trends and whether demographic subgroups might be differentially impacted remains important for pu...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Cannabis use remains a major concern for adolescent health. Monitoring adolescent cannabis use trends and whether demographic subgroups might be differentially impacted remains important for public health planning. METHODS: Data from the 1991-2023 Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS), a biennial school-based survey representative of US high school students, were analyzed. Cross-tabulations and logistic regression models were calculated to examine lifetime, recent, and early-age cannabis use. Trends in cannabis use were examined by sex and race/ethnicity. RESULTS: Across different demographic groups, adolescent cannabis use rates have largely followed a similar inverted-U pattern, with rates peaking in 1999 and subsequently declining. Lifetime cannabis use decreased from 47.3% (95% CI: 44.5-50.2%) in 1999 to 30.1% (95% CI: 27.8-32.3%) in 2023. Recent use declined from 27.1% (95% CI: 24.6-29.6%) to 17.8% (95% CI: 16.2-19.4%). Early-age initiation declined from 11.5% (95% CI: 9.7-13.3%) to 6.5% (95% CI: 4.7-8.4%). A significant gender shift occurred: while males historically reported higher rates, in 2023, females demonstrated higher prevalence of both lifetime (33.4% vs. 27.0%) and recent use (19.4% vs. 16.4%). Consistent racial/ethnic differences persisted, with Asian adolescents reporting consistently lower prevalence and non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic adolescents reporting higher rates across most metrics. CONCLUSION: Rates of lifetime, recent, and early-age cannabis rose through the 1990s, peaked around 1999, and have since declined. Where males formerly reported higher cannabis use rates, females now report higher rates of lifetime and recent cannabis use. Such convergence, noted to be robust across racial/ethnic groups, merits further study.
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