Cleft Palate Craniofac. J. [JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Lacrimal Drainage System Anomalies in Patients With Tessier Clefts 3 and 4.
Bothra N, Bhopatkar S, Ali MJ
Cleft Palate Craniofac J · 2026 Apr · PMID 41983936 · Publisher ↗
ObjectiveTo discuss the various lacrimal drainage system (LDS) anomalies in patients presenting with Tessier clefts 3 and 4.DesignRetrospective, interventional study.SettingTertiary Dacryology center.Patients, Participan...
ObjectiveTo discuss the various lacrimal drainage system (LDS) anomalies in patients presenting with Tessier clefts 3 and 4.DesignRetrospective, interventional study.SettingTertiary Dacryology center.Patients, Participants, Interventions, and Main Outcome MeasuresRetrospective, interventional study of all patients presenting with Tessier clefts 3 and 4 with LDS anomalies over a study period of 14 years (January 2011-January 2025). Demographic details, including the age, sex, type of Tessier cleft, laterality, and lacrimal drainage anomalies, were noted. Interventions and the outcomes were documented.ResultsA total of 29 eyes of 17 patients with Tessier cleft number 3 and 4 deformities were included in the study. Seven patients had Tessier cleft number 3 deformity, and 10 patients had Tessier cleft number 4 deformity. Males were more affected than the females (11:6). The average age of the patients at presentation was 9.94 years (range: 3-39 years). Twelve eyes of 7 patients presented with Tessier cleft number 3 deformity, and 17 eyes of 10 patients had Tessier cleft number 4 deformity. Tessier cleft number 3 showed more common involvement of proximal LDS, while Tessier cleft number 4 involved both the proximal and distal LDS frequently.ConclusionsTessier clefts 3 and 4 can be associated with varied proximal and distal LDS anomalies. Management is challenging and needs an individualized treatment approach depending on the symptomatology and the part of the LDS involved.PrecisTessier cleft numbers 3 and 4 involve the LDS in its path, causing varying damage to the different parts of the system.
Associations Between Alcohol Dehydrogenase Mutations and Cleft Lip/Palate: A Scoping Review.
Hyman TS, Mantilla-Rivas E, Ocasio LO … +7 more , Zhang A, Finestone S, Bradford P, Manrique M, Rogers GF, Shur N, Oh AK
Cleft Palate Craniofac J · 2026 Apr · PMID 41982202 · Publisher ↗
BackgroundThe incidence of cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL ± P) varies significantly according to genetic ancestry. The alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) family comprises several enzymes with polymorphisms that are...
BackgroundThe incidence of cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL ± P) varies significantly according to genetic ancestry. The alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) family comprises several enzymes with polymorphisms that are also highly disparate between genetic backgrounds. A small number of heterogeneous studies have linked variants with risk of CL ± P. Therefore, the authors conducted a scoping review to better understand these potential associations.MethodsThis review was conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, screening for studies published in PubMed and Medline databases. Case-control, cohort, case-series, and cross-sectional studies published in English between 1966 and 2024 that reported associations between ADH polymorphisms and CL ± P were included.ResultsFive studies met inclusion criteria, accounting for 1630 cases of CL ± P. Despite significant variation in study design and results, four studies linked polymorphisms in the maternal and/or fetal genotype to CL ± P risk. Two also examined whether genotype modifies the risk that prenatal alcohol exposure imparts for fetal CL ± P; one found that high-activity polymorphisms in mother and child together reduced this alcohol-attributable CL ± P risk, while the other found no effect of genotype on this risk. The fifth study reported a novel duplication in in a family with CL ± P cases.ConclusionsCurrent evidence, though limited, suggests that certain maternal and fetal ADH polymorphisms may influence risk of fetal CL ± P. Existing data have been primarily limited to demographically homogenous cohorts, and ancestry was not analyzed in concert with ADH polymorphisms. The interaction of ancestry, ADH mutations, and CL ± P remains an important, open question.
Nasal Vestibular Expansion in UCLP: A 5- and 10-Year Cephalometric Study.
Shiigi A, Ishihata K, Maeda-Iino A … +6 more , Nakagawa S, Ratman MF, Kibe T, Tezuka M, Miyawaki S, Nakamura N
Cleft Palate Craniofac J · 2026 Apr · PMID 41972884 · Publisher ↗
ObjectiveTo assess the impact of nasal vestibular expansion (NVE) during primary lip repair on the developmental profiles of hard and soft tissues in individuals with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP).DesignA retros...
ObjectiveTo assess the impact of nasal vestibular expansion (NVE) during primary lip repair on the developmental profiles of hard and soft tissues in individuals with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP).DesignA retrospective analysis of prospectively collected nonrandomized data.SettingTertiary medical center.Patients/ParticipantsWe enrolled patients with complete UCLP who underwent lip repair using the triangular-flap technique with NVE (NVE group) and those who did not (non-NVE group).Main Outcome MeasuresHard and soft tissue profiles were analyzed using lateral cephalometric measurements obtained longitudinally at 5 and 10 years of age.ResultsThirty-five patients were included in each study group. At 5 years of age, the NVE group exhibited significantly smaller SNA and SNB angles compared to the non-NVE group. The non-NVE group had a negative overjet, whereas the NVE group had a significantly larger overjet. At 10 years of age, there were no significant differences in hard tissue measurements between the groups.ConclusionsNVE does not promote the forward growth of the maxilla. However, in 5-year-old children, the degree of reverse overjet of the anterior teeth was smaller in cases where NVE was performed compared to non-NVE cases, suggesting that NVE affects the maxillary anterior teeth.
Accuracy of Large Language Models in Frequently Answering Questions Related to Presurgical Nasoalveolar Molding.
Fatima K, Singh P, Alagarsamy R … +4 more , Chaudhary G, Kharbanda OP, Lal B, Barathi A
Cleft Palate Craniofac J · 2026 Apr · PMID 41972876 · Publisher ↗
ObjectiveTo assess the accuracy, readability, and comparative quality of five large language models (LLMs) in answering frequently asked questions related to nasoalveolar molding (NAM) in cleft care.DesignRepeated measur...
ObjectiveTo assess the accuracy, readability, and comparative quality of five large language models (LLMs) in answering frequently asked questions related to nasoalveolar molding (NAM) in cleft care.DesignRepeated measures study.SettingThis study evaluated the responses of five LLMs, Google Gemini, Microsoft (Copilot), ChatGPT, Meta, and Claude artificial intelligence (AI), through a standardized set of 28 questionnaires related to NAM in cleft care.ParticipantsNone.InterventionThe accuracy of LLMs was assessed using a five-point modified Likert scale. Readability was evaluated using two validated metrics: the Flesch-Kincaid Reading Ease and Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level.Main Outcome MeasureThe primary outcome variable was the response generated by the five LLMs. Two investigators independently assessed the quality of responses from the five LLMs using a five-point modified Likert scale, with the highest score (5) indicating the highest quality.ResultsClaude AI achieved the highest mean Likert score (3.71 ± 0.53), whereas Gemini had the lowest score (3.29 ± 0.60). The highest mean readability score was observed in Meta AI (79.61 ± 37.09), while Claude AI showed significantly lower scores (47.04 ± 46.29).ConclusionAmong the five LLMs, Claude AI achieved the highest accuracy, followed by Microsoft Copilot, ChatGPT, Meta AI, and Google Gemini in responding to NAM-related queries. The responses from Claude AI were complex and harder to read, followed by ChatGPT, Copilot, Gemini, and Meta AI, with Meta AI being the most straightforward to comprehend.
Validation of the Child Oral Health Impact Profile (COHIP) into Sinhala for Adolescents with Cleft Lip and Palate.
Mirihagalla Kankanamalage I, Cohen W, Cleland J
Cleft Palate Craniofac J · 2026 Apr · PMID 41972855 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: To translate, culturally adapt, and validate the COHIP for Sinhala-speaking adolescents aged 12 to 15 years with cleft lip and palate (CLP). DESIGN: This mixed-methods study followed a systematic translation a...
OBJECTIVE: To translate, culturally adapt, and validate the COHIP for Sinhala-speaking adolescents aged 12 to 15 years with cleft lip and palate (CLP). DESIGN: This mixed-methods study followed a systematic translation and cross-cultural adaptation process to ensure equivalence between the original instrument and its Sinhala version. The Child Oral Health Impact Profile (COHIP) was translated into Sinhala using a forward-backward-forward procedure conducted by a bilingual expert panel, and linguistic and conceptual equivalence was confirmed prior to piloting. PARTICIPANTS: Three hundred forty typically developing (TD) adolescents and 45 adolescents with repaired CLP (12-15 years) completed the COHIP-S. Participants were randomly selected from 2 state schools in the western province and speech and language therapy clinics in Sri Lanka. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Child Oral Health Impact Profile-Sinhala (COHIP-S)Results:The translation and adaptation process yielded a culturally appropriate Sinhala instrument. The COHIP-S demonstrated strong psychometric properties, including face, convergent, and discriminant validity, as well as high internal consistency. Cronbach's alpha values were 0.75 for the TD group and 0.76 for the CLP group, indicating that the instrument is suitable for use among both TD adolescents and those with CLP. CONCLUSION: The COHIP-S is a reliable and culturally valid tool for assessing oral health-related quality of life among Sinhala-speaking adolescents, including those with CLP.
Cleft Care India Study: A National Audit on Patients with Non-Syndromic Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate: Surgical Procedures and Outcomes.
Batra P, Sybil D, Bonanthaya K … +22 more , Singh SK, Reddy SG, Batra P, Das S, Hussain SA, Mahajan RK, Reddy RG, Chugh V, Moghe G, Bhojraj N, Rao KS, Chethana K, Kahlon SS, Singh K, Kamble RH, Bijapur S, Vijaykumar C, Hari Kishore Bhat H, Katyal S, Prathap M, Nambiar K, Thiruvenkatachari B
Cleft Palate Craniofac J · 2026 Apr · PMID 41960962 · Publisher ↗
ObjectiveTo assess the surgical protocols followed in the treatment of non-syndromic UCLP across Indian cleft centres and identify factors influencing secondary surgical outcomes.DesignProspective cross sectional design....
ObjectiveTo assess the surgical protocols followed in the treatment of non-syndromic UCLP across Indian cleft centres and identify factors influencing secondary surgical outcomes.DesignProspective cross sectional design.SettingThe study was conducted in 14 sary/tertiary care comprehensive cleft centres.ParticipantsThe study included 307 patients with non-syndromic UCLP across three age groups (5, 12, and 20 years) from 14 centres nationwide.OutcomesData was collected through a standardized web-based form. Variables recorded included surgeon specialty and experience, surgical sequence, presurgical orthopaedics, primary surgical techniques, and their association with the need for secondary procedures such as lip/nose revision, velopharyngeal surgery, fistula repair, and alveolar bone grafting. Descriptive statistics were generated, and associations between variables were analysed using Fisher's exact test.ResultsMillard's technique was the most commonly used approach for primary lip repair across all age groups. Presurgical orthopedic plates, nasal conformers, and the specific lip repair technique were not significantly associated with the need for lip or nasal revision surgery, although the wide confidence intervals indicate considerable uncertainty in these estimates. Similarly, the type of palatal repair and use of intravelar veloplasty were not significantly associated with fistula formation or the need for secondary velopharyngeal or fistula repair procedures. Across centres, wide variation existed in techniques used, but no one approach showed superiority in reducing secondary surgery needs.ConclusionDespite the observed variability in surgical weak associations were found between specific surgical techniques or surgeon-related factors and the need for secondary surgical interventions. The wide confidence intervals highlight the uncertainty of these findings and the need for further national-level audits, underscoring the challenge of establishing best practices in cleft care without robust systems for comprehensive data collection and consolidation.
Advancing Artificial Intelligence for Skeletal Maturation Assessment and Cervical Vertebral Anomaly Detection in Patients With Cleft Lip and Palate.
Mourão CF, Juliasse LE, Dos Santos Pereira R
Cleft Palate Craniofac J · 2026 Apr · PMID 41954470 · Publisher ↗
Abstract loading — click title to view on PubMed.
Evaluation of Secondary Alveolar Cleft Reconstruction With Labial and Palatal Lateral Ramus Cortical Grafts: A Case-Series Study.
Khidr OB, Seleet M, El-Tabarany KS … +1 more , Gibaly A
Cleft Palate Craniofac J · 2026 Apr · PMID 41954456 · Publisher ↗
ObjectiveThe study aims to evaluate a lateral ramus cortical graft technique for secondary alveolar bone grafting (SABG) in alveolar clefts.DesignThis study is a prospective case series.SettingsFrom October 2024 to Octob...
ObjectiveThe study aims to evaluate a lateral ramus cortical graft technique for secondary alveolar bone grafting (SABG) in alveolar clefts.DesignThis study is a prospective case series.SettingsFrom October 2024 to October 2025.Patients/ParticipantsSeven patients of both sexes with unilateral alveolar clefts with an age range of 11 to 15 years old.Main Outcome Measure(s)The radiographic 3-dimensional volumetric calculation of graft fill, bone-bridge formation, and graft resorption rates.InterventionThe cleft defects were reconstructed by the harvest of the mandibular lateral ramus cortical plate, which was cut and adapted to frame the labial and palatal cleft boundaries, while obliterating the intercancellous space with a mixture of cancellous particulates and allogenic demineralized bone matrix (DBM), covered by a collagen membrane.ResultsAll grafts were consolidated with acceptable volume. The calculation of the generated models counted: 3.94 ± 0.30 cm for volume cleft, 4.41 ± 0.38 cm for volume graft, and 3.77 ± 0.36 cm for volume bone bridge, with a graft fill rate of 1.12, bone bridge formation rate of 95.6%, and graft resorption rate of 14.51%.ConclusionThe lateral ramus plate enabled a nearby intramembranous graft to achieve structural integrity and minimal morbidity, with favorable graft fill, bone bridge formation, and resorption rates. Mixing cancellous particulates with allogenic DBM and collagen membrane coverage compensated for the limited cancellous abundance at the donor site and enhanced the graft's osteogenic potential.
Bilateral Cleft Lip Repair With and Without Primary Rhinoplasty: Comparing Two-Year Aesthetic and Anthropometric Outcomes.
Hu AC, Sussman JH, Tolley PD … +7 more , Han NA, Ryan IA, Bartlett SP, Swanson JW, Low DW, Jackson OA, Taylor JA
Cleft Palate Craniofac J · 2026 Apr · PMID 41954455 · Publisher ↗
ObjectiveTo compare aesthetic outcomes in patients with bilateral cleft lip treated with concurrent primary rhinoplasty (PR) versus non-primary rhinoplasty (NPR), using layperson and anthropometric assessments.DesignRetr...
ObjectiveTo compare aesthetic outcomes in patients with bilateral cleft lip treated with concurrent primary rhinoplasty (PR) versus non-primary rhinoplasty (NPR), using layperson and anthropometric assessments.DesignRetrospective review of patients undergoing bilateral cleft lip repair between 2008 and 2024.SettingSingle tertiary care institution.Patients/ParticipantsSeventy-five children (mean age = 6.1 ± 3.6 months) who underwent bilateral cleft lip repair.InterventionsPR performed in 55 patients (73.3%) and non-PR in 20 patients (26.7%). Preoperative cleft severity was graded with the Bilateral Cleft Lip Severity Index (BCLSI; grades 1-3). Presurgical nasoalveolar molding (NAM) and nasal stenting were also evaluated.Main Outcome MeasuresLayperson perception surveys (pairwise comparison and Likert scale) and anthropometric analyses of nasal appearance.ResultsLower BCLSI scores predicted superior aesthetic ratings. Lip adhesion after NAM failure correlated with inferior ratings (001). Overall, PR did not yield superior nasal appearance compared with NPR. In subgroup analysis, PR patients in the BCLSI3 group had higher layperson scores (036). PR with nasal stenting ≥21 days was associated with greater Goode's ratio (001). Increased columellar-labial angle correlated with inferior nasal appearance (029).ConclusionsThese data highlight the impact of presurgical NAM on oronasal outcomes and preoperative cleft severity to guide personalized surgical approaches in this patient population.
Feasibility of Craniofacial Vascular Lymph Node Transfer for Augmented Glymphatic Drainage in Rodents.
Andrews BT, Zanaty M, Pierson SR … +4 more , Fiock KL, Howard MA, Hansen MR, Yin TC
Cleft Palate Craniofac J · 2026 Apr · PMID 41940537 · Publisher ↗
ObjectiveGlymphatic dysfunction contributes to CNS pathobiology, including neurodegeneration. We hypothesized that vascularized lymph node transfer (VLNT) augments CSF-interstitial solute clearance and could be translate...
ObjectiveGlymphatic dysfunction contributes to CNS pathobiology, including neurodegeneration. We hypothesized that vascularized lymph node transfer (VLNT) augments CSF-interstitial solute clearance and could be translated as a surgical therapy analogous to lymphedema surgery.DesignTwenty Long-Evans rats were randomized to 3 arms: (1) Craniectomy Control (hemi-craniectomy; VLNT sampled in situ, nontransposed), (2) VLNT Control (intact calvarium; VLNT without craniectomy), and (3) Experimental (hemi-craniectomy + VLNT). One week postsurgery, Evans Blue dye (EBD) was injected into the cisterna magna; at 4 h, right/left cerebrum and cerebellum lysates underwent spectrophotometry at 608 nm. VLNT viability was verified by podoplanin (PDPN) immunohistochemistry.Main Outcome Measure(s)Two-way ANOVA showed significantly reduced EBD in Experimental vs controls: left hemisphere vs Craniectomy Control = .0011 and vs VLNT Control = .0200; cerebellum vs both controls < .0001. The right hemisphere was lower vs Craniectomy Control ( = .0255) and not different from VLNT Control ( = .3878). VLNT-tissue lysates were higher in Experimental than Craniectomy Control ( = .0028) and VLNT Control ( = .0289), consistent with active lymphatic uptake. PDPN staining confirmed robust lymphatic endothelial labeling in cross-sectional and longitudinal planes.ResultsVLNT significantly enhances putative glymphatic efflux following decompressive craniectomy, recapitulating the therapeutic principle of lymphatic bypass in lymphedema.ConclusionThese proof-of-concept data support VLNT as a candidate surgical intervention for glymphatic insufficiency and neurodegenerative (ND)-relevant proteostasis/clearance failure. Future studies will optimize timing, node vascularization strategies, and longitudinal outcome measures.
Morphometric Analysis of Fossa Navicularis Magna in Patients With Cleft Palate-A Retrospective Cone Beam Computed Tomographic Study.
Devi TS, Subhas Babu G, Ajila V … +1 more , Mullick B
Cleft Palate Craniofac J · 2026 Apr · PMID 41934641 · Publisher ↗
ObjectivesTo evaluate the prevalence, length, width, volume, depth, and shape of fossa navicularis magna (FNM) in patients with cleft lip/palate and comparing with healthy individuals using cone beam computed tomography...
ObjectivesTo evaluate the prevalence, length, width, volume, depth, and shape of fossa navicularis magna (FNM) in patients with cleft lip/palate and comparing with healthy individuals using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).DesignThis is a retrospective study, cross-sectional study.SettingThis is institutional setting study that utilized archived CBCT scans from the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology of the institution.Patients and ParticipantsCone beam computed tomography scans of 200 participants aged 10 to 40 years, which comprised of 100 patients with cleft lip and/or palate, and 100 control participants, were used.InterventionFossa navicularis magna was evaluated and compared for its prevalence, length, width, volume, depthand shape among the normal subjects and patients with cleft lip/palate using CBCT.ResultFossa navicularis magna was detected more frequently in cleft (22%) than in control group (9%) and was statistically significant ( = .018). Although mean length, width, depth, and volume values were higher in healthy individuals, only depth was significantly greater in controls, indicating a shallow fossa in patients with cleft lip/palate ( = .033). Morphological distribution (round vs oval) was comparable between groups ( = .99).ConclusionIn the present study, FNM was more common in patients with cleft lip/palate and showed significantly reduced depth. Although oval morphology was slightly more frequent in the cleft group, it was not statistically significant. Awareness of this anatomical variant is important to avoid misinterpretation on CBCT and for better surgical planning.
Cancer Diagnoses in Patients With Cleft Lip and/or Palate: Increased Childhood Cancer Occurrence.
Wan R, Adam EA, Srikumar JK … +5 more , Carlson MM, Gibreel W, Mardini S, Pichurin PN, Jabs EW
Cleft Palate Craniofac J · 2026 Apr · PMID 41934640 · Full text
ObjectiveTo evaluate cancer risk in individuals with cleft lip and/or cleft palate (CL/P).DesignRetrospective chart review of patients with CL/P, including abstraction of information on cancer diagnoses was conducted. Ca...
ObjectiveTo evaluate cancer risk in individuals with cleft lip and/or cleft palate (CL/P).DesignRetrospective chart review of patients with CL/P, including abstraction of information on cancer diagnoses was conducted. Cancer risk was compared with national population-based estimates using standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) and exact binomial tests. Subgroup analyses compared demographic and clinical characteristics between patients with and without cancer.SettingStudy was performed at a single tertiary academic center with multidisciplinary surgical, pediatric, and genetic care.Patients/ParticipantsTotal of 2121 patients with CL/P from 1970 to 2024 with complete medical documentation were included.Main Outcome MeasuresMain outcomes included prevalence of cancer diagnoses, childhood cancer incidence, and differences in cancer occurrence by age, cleft type, syndromic status, and family history.ResultsTotal of 144 patients (6.8%) had pathologically confirmed cancer diagnoses. Twelve childhood cancers were identified, with 10 cases presenting before age 15. Children younger than 15 with CL/P had a significantly elevated cancer risk (SIR 4.7; 95% confidence interval: 1.8-7.6; < .00001). Pediatric cancers occurred mainly in syndromic cases. Cancer prevalence was higher in cleft palate only and cleft lip/palate cases compared with cleft lip only ( < .05). Cancer occurrence was not higher in adults with CL/P compared to the general population.ConclusionsCancer risk is not uniformly elevated over the lifespan in individuals with CL/P. Increased cancer risk is observed in our pediatric cohort. Clinical care should include careful assessment of childhood cancers, syndromic features, and family history, with consideration for genetic counseling and multidisciplinary follow-up.
Tensor Veli Palatini Muscle Tenopexy During Furlow Palatoplasty Fails to Improve Otologic Outcomes: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Alper CM, Teixeira MS, Mandel EM … +2 more , Swarts JD, Losee JE
Cleft Palate Craniofac J · 2026 Apr · PMID 41930721 · Publisher ↗
ObjectiveTo determine whether tensor veli palatini muscle (mTVP) tenopexy performed during furlow palatoplasty (FP) reduces the occurrence of otitis media with effusion (OME) in children with cleft palate.DesignParent- a...
ObjectiveTo determine whether tensor veli palatini muscle (mTVP) tenopexy performed during furlow palatoplasty (FP) reduces the occurrence of otitis media with effusion (OME) in children with cleft palate.DesignParent- and assessor-blinded randomized controlled trial.SettingsTertiary clinical care institution.PatientsIn total, 81 nonsyndromic children with cleft palate Veau I-IV were randomized to undergo traditional FP or FP with mTVP tenopexy (modified FP [MFP]). Middle ear status was evaluated longitudinally between 2 and 7 years of age.InterventionsFP with or without mTVP tenopexy.Main Outcome MeasuresPresence of OME after extrusion of ventilation tubes (VTs).ResultsThe mean age at palatoplasty was similar between groups (FP: 1.05 ± 0.17 years; MFP: 1.07 ± 0.18 years; = .585). Baseline characteristics, including sex, race, preoperative OME, and Veau classification were comparable. Rates of additional surgical interventions (cheiloplasty, revision palatoplasty, alveolar bone graft, adenoidectomy, VT reinsertion, and tympanoplasty) did not differ between groups. The frequency of OME from ages 2 to 7 years was similar when analyzed by child ( = .09-.90), by ear ( = .145-.96), or using cumulative incidence (χ = 0.324; = .569).ConclusionsIn this first randomized, blinded clinical trial evaluating mTVP tenopexy during FP, no improvement in the frequency or cumulative incidence of OME was observed. Given the absence of benefit and the additional operative time and cost, mTVP tenopexy is not recommended.ClinicalTrials.gov IDNCT01535131.
Can the Social Vulnerability Index Enhance Models Predicting Adherence to Craniofacial Speech Evaluations?
Kong BH, Dillon K, Brady CM … +5 more , Hush SE, Tashima A, Soldanska M, Williams JK, Mason KN
Cleft Palate Craniofac J · 2026 Apr · PMID 41930678 · Publisher ↗
ObjectiveTo determine whether the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) influences models of adherence to speech evaluations beyond individual demographic and clinical factors.Desi...
ObjectiveTo determine whether the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) influences models of adherence to speech evaluations beyond individual demographic and clinical factors.DesignRetrospective cohort analysis.SettingTertiary children's hospital in the United States.ParticipantsFive hundred thirty-five children with cleft-related diagnoses scheduled for speech evaluations.Main Outcome MeasureAdherence to initial and follow-up speech evaluations.ResultsSVI was not predictive for adherence in logistic regression models. Children with private insurance had higher odds (OR) of attending initial evaluation (OR = 2.14, < .001). Those with more severe cleft phenotypes were more likely to attend both initial (ORs 4.11-4.35, < .001) and follow-up visits (ORs 6.29-7.49, < .001). Children with velopharyngeal dysfunction and compensatory errors were also more likely to remain engaged in care.ConclusionSVI did not improve prediction of adherence. Insurance type, cleft phenotype, and speech function are the dominant factors influencing adherence to recommended speech evaluations.
An Overview of Cleft Orthodontic Care in Africa: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Isiekwe I, Batra P
Cleft Palate Craniofac J · 2026 Apr · PMID 41930672 · Publisher ↗
ObjectiveTo assess the status of cleft orthodontic care in the African continent.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingCleft orthodontic care provision at primary, secondary or tertiary level in public or private health f...
ObjectiveTo assess the status of cleft orthodontic care in the African continent.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingCleft orthodontic care provision at primary, secondary or tertiary level in public or private health facilities across Africa.ParticipantsOrthodontists and dental care providers in Africa, who are currently involved in providing cleft orthodontic care.InterventionSelf-administered Google survey form assessing different aspects of cleft orthodontic care provision.Main outcome measuresThe primary outcomes were availability of cleft orthodontic manpower, types of cleft orthodontic procedures performed, patients' awareness about cleft orthodontics, challenges to provision of cleft orthodontic care in Africa and proposed solutions. Chi squared or Fisher's exact tests assessed bivariate associations. Open ended responses on patients' awareness about cleft orthodontics, challenges facing cleft orthodontics in Africa and proposed solutions were analyzed thematically.ResultsA total of 74 orthodontists and dental care providers involved in cleft orthodontic care across 14 African countries were surveyed, however, only 62.2% (46) participants from 13 countries responded. Most respondents reported that they performed mixed dentition and adult orthodontic treatment for patients with clefts. The major challenges reported include, limited availability of orthodontists, limited expertise in cleft orthodontics, patient awareness and affordability of care.ConclusionsCleft orthodontic care is currently being provided in different parts of Africa; however, there is limited coverage, due to the limited number of orthodontists available. There is a need for increased capacity building in cleft orthodontics and increased funding to support this care.
Comparative Morphologic Outcomes of Occipital Switch Cranioplasty With or Without Occipital Neo-Bandeau in Unilateral Lambdoid Synostosis.
Harrison LM, Hallac RR, Sanati-Mehrizy P … +1 more , Kane AA
Cleft Palate Craniofac J · 2026 Apr · PMID 41925316 · Publisher ↗
ObjectiveUnilateral lambdoid synostosis (ULS) is characterized by posterior plagiocephaly with a complex cranial and facial asymmetry. The occipital switch (OS) technique is commonly used to correct the posterior vault d...
ObjectiveUnilateral lambdoid synostosis (ULS) is characterized by posterior plagiocephaly with a complex cranial and facial asymmetry. The occipital switch (OS) technique is commonly used to correct the posterior vault deformity, while the occipital neo-bandeau (ON) has been proposed as an adjunct to improve cranial vault proportions. The purpose of this study was to compare post-operative differences in craniofacial morphology between OS and OS + ON in ULS.DesignA retrospective review of three-dimensional images obtained pre-operatively and at 1-year post-operatively.SettingTertiary care pediatric institution.Patients, ParticipantsTwenty-four patients with ULS.InterventionsThirteen patients received OS, and 11 received OS + ON.Main Outcome Measure(s)Craniometric measurements included anterior, posterior, and height asymmetry ratios; turricephaly index; and nasal and chin deviation.ResultsBoth cohorts demonstrated significant post-operative improvements in anterior, posterior, and height asymmetry, as well as nasal and chin deviation (P < 0.05). The OS + ON cohort demonstrated a significant post-operative increase in the turricephaly index (P = 0.039), which was also significantly greater than in the OS-alone group in the intergroup comparison (P = 0.037).ConclusionsOS with or without ON results in significant improvements in the posterior cranial vault and facial symmetry in patients with ULS. The addition of ON resulted in a significantly greater increase in cranial height, suggesting a role in patients with vertical deficiency.
Radiographic Comparison of Alveolar Bone Grafting in Cleft Lip and Palate: Iliac Crest Versus Mandibular Symphysis.
Leal CR, Braga BMR, da Cunha Bastos Júnior JC … +6 more , Carvalho RM, de Souza Faco RA, Ozawa TO, de Cássia M C Lauris R, de Almeida AM, Garib DG
Cleft Palate Craniofac J · 2026 Mar · PMID 41906337 · Publisher ↗
ObjectiveTo compare the radiographic success rates of alveolar bone grafts (ABG) performed using bone harvested from the mandibular symphysis (MS) or the anterior iliac crest (IC). The null hypothesis was that the outcom...
ObjectiveTo compare the radiographic success rates of alveolar bone grafts (ABG) performed using bone harvested from the mandibular symphysis (MS) or the anterior iliac crest (IC). The null hypothesis was that the outcomes would be similar for both groups, regardless of the timing of surgery.DesignRetrospective cohort study with consecutive sampling of 144 periapical radiographs taken 12 months after surgery.SettingA single tertiary craniofacial center.ParticipantsOne hundred forty-four patients with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) and a median age of 14 years were divided into 2 groups according to the donor site.InterventionsA standardized surgical technique was used in the 144 recipient sites. Radiographic outcomes of ABG were classified as success or failure by three blinded evaluators based on the modified Bergland scale.Main Outcome MeasuresThe primary outcome was the radiographic success rate according to the grafting material. Intra- and interrater reliability was evaluated using Kappa statistics. The Mann-Whitney test was applied to compare intergroup age medians. Intergroup comparison of bone graft success rates was performed using the chi-square test ( < .05).ResultsThere was no statistically significant difference in patient age at grafting between the MS and IC groups ( = .116). Both groups had success rate above 90%, with no significant difference between them ( = .190).ConclusionABG using the MS donor site is a viable option for patients with complete UCLP.
Craniofacial Collaboration UK: Long-Term Developmental Outcomes of Single Suture Craniosynostosis.
Horton J, Burgess AP, Smith K … +5 more , Kearney A, Davies S, Samuel R, Piggott K, Evans M
Cleft Palate Craniofac J · 2026 Mar · PMID 41906335 · Publisher ↗
ObjectiveThis article explores the long-term developmental outcomes of children diagnosed with single suture craniosynostosis (SSC).Design/participantsData were collected from an opportunity sample of 440 children who re...
ObjectiveThis article explores the long-term developmental outcomes of children diagnosed with single suture craniosynostosis (SSC).Design/participantsData were collected from an opportunity sample of 440 children who received a routine developmental screening assessment in 3 highly specialized craniofacial centers (HSCC) in the United Kingdom between July 2015 and July 2024. All children were assessed with the Ages and Stages Questionnaire-Third Edition (ASQ-3) between 3 and 5 years of age and the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence-Second Edition (WASI-II) at 7 and 10 years of age.ResultsThe majority of children with SSC were in the average range across most developmental and cognitive domains. On the ASQ, 24% of children were found to be "delayed" on 1 or more ASQ-3 domains; 8% being found to be delayed on all domains. Delays in fine and gross motor skills were found in early childhood, and in perceptual reasoning skills later on. Using path analysis, it was shown that early delays, especially in fine and gross motor skills, persisted over time and were associated with an increased risk of subtle cognitive deficits in middle childhood. A delay in any 1 developmental domain found before the age of 5 was associated with an IQ difference of around 1 standard deviation below the normative mean on cognitive tests administered in middle childhood.ConclusionsFor most children with SSC, there is no evidence of any impairment in cognitive development. However, for the small minority, delays found in early childhood persisted into middle childhood.
Unusual Association of Orofacial Cleft and Finger-Like Skin Appendages With or Without Constriction Rings: A Disorganization-Like Phenotype?
Serigatto HR, Vendramini-Pittoli S, Moura PP … +6 more , Virmond L, Segarra VCD, da Cunha JH, Rosenberg C, Zechi-Ceide RM, Kokitsu-Nakata NM
Cleft Palate Craniofac J · 2026 Mar · PMID 41906321 · Publisher ↗
The mouse disorganization (Ds) was described in mutant mice with multiple congenital anomalies arising from the 3 germinative layers. The human homologue of Ds was proposed in a case presenting multiple congenital anomal...
The mouse disorganization (Ds) was described in mutant mice with multiple congenital anomalies arising from the 3 germinative layers. The human homologue of Ds was proposed in a case presenting multiple congenital anomalies associated with the unique feature of a finger-like skin appendage. Since then, several cases have been reported suggesting the occurrence of a disorganization-like (Ds-like) phenotype in humans. Here, we report a case series of 7 patients presenting with the association of orofacial clefts and finger-like skin appendages. These cases, despite the similarities with Ds and amniotic band sequence, may represent a distinct condition within the spectrum of Ds-like, as other cases previously reported in the literature.
Effect of Single-Stage Posterior Vomerine Ostectomy/Premaxillary Setback on Facial Growth in Bilateral Cleft Lip and Protuberant Premaxilla.
Hamdan US, Ridgell L, Garcia-Garcia JA … +8 more , Ahuja D, Smith KM, Roman L, Annan B, Roggiero G, Najjar W, Liau J, Batra P
Cleft Palate Craniofac J · 2026 Mar · PMID 41906319 · Publisher ↗
ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of single-stage posterior vomerine ostectomy with premaxillary setback (PVPS) on craniofacial development in children with bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) and a protuberant premaxill...
ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of single-stage posterior vomerine ostectomy with premaxillary setback (PVPS) on craniofacial development in children with bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) and a protuberant premaxilla.DesignRetrospective pilot study.SettingResource-limited outreach setting.Patients, ParticipantsFifty-two children were included: 22 with BCLP who underwent PVPS before 8 years of age and 30 age-matched non-cleft controls.InterventionsSingle-stage PVPS with bilateral gingivoperiosteoplasties, bilateral cleft lip repair, and primary rhinoplasty.Main Outcome Measure(s)Twenty-two cephalometric parameters assessed post-operatively; intergroup comparisons made using the Mann-Whitney -test with post-hoc power analysis.ResultsOf 22 cephalometric variables, 16 showed no statistically significant differences between PVPS-treated and control groups, indicating minimal overall impact of PVPS on craniofacial growth. Significant differences were noted in SNA ( = .05), ANB ( = .02), N-A-Pog ( < .01), A-Ptm ( < .01), (ANS-Ptm/M-Me)% ( = .03), and HSTA ( < .01). These differences reflected localized or subtle growth effects rather than global craniofacial alterations.ConclusionsPVPS appears to preserve craniofacial growth in the preadolescent period in BCLP patients with a protruding premaxilla, with limited and localized impact on specific parameters. While not recommended when preoperative orthodontics is available, PVPS provides a valuable alternative in resource-limited settings by achieving adequate results, reducing psychosocial stigma, improving societal integration, and consolidating surgical interventions.
About
- Frequency
- Sun
- Papers found
- 200
- RSS feed
- Subscribe