J Oleo Sci [JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Distichochlamys citrea essential oil alleviates trimethyltin-induced cognitive dysfunction and neurodegeneration through modulation of acetylcholinesterase activity.
Mai HN, To TM, Lam DTA … +5 more , Do NNY, Pham TV, Tran GB, Nguyen TB, Nguyen PT
J Oleo Sci · 2026 · PMID 42386562 · Publisher ↗
Cholinesterase inhibitor medications have been a key pharmacological inter-vention for managing memory-related symptoms; however, intolerable side effects are associated with their use. Aromatherapy that bypasses first-p...
Cholinesterase inhibitor medications have been a key pharmacological inter-vention for managing memory-related symptoms; however, intolerable side effects are associated with their use. Aromatherapy that bypasses first-pass metabolism can be a low-risk approach. This study aimed to investigate whether inhalation of DCEO can reverse memory impairment in a mouse model of trimethyltin (TMT)-induced amnesia. TMT mice displayed anxiety-like behaviors and memory deficits assessed by open field test, Y-maze, novel object recognition test and morris water maze, which were alleviated by daily inhalation of DCEO for 15 days. Our histological analysis revealed that DCEO significantly decreased the number of degenerating nerve cells in the CA3/Hilus regions of TMT mice. DCEO exhibited strong inhibitory activity against acetylcholin-esterase (AChE) in vitro, with an IC of 32.01 ± 1.41 µg/ mL, which may partly explain the reduced AChE activity in the hippocampus of TMT mice treated with DCEO. Molecular docking showed that main constituents of DCEO including 1,8-cinenole, (Z)-citral, (E)-citral, and geraniol had a good affinity for AChE binding through interactions with catalytic and peripheral anionic site residues. These data suggest that neuroprotective effects of DCEO may be associated with modulation of AChE activity, making it likely a promising alterna-tive and complementary treatment to rescue memory and neuronal damage.
Kinetics of Water Sorption and Desorption and Mechanism on Water Homeostasis in the Stratum Corneum.
Hatta I, Sakai S
J Oleo Sci · 2026 · PMID 42386561 · Publisher ↗
We focused on the behavior of water in the stratum corneum (SC) at the key water content of about 25 wt%. Isotherm in the SC were observed when the relative humidity (RH) was altered stepwise, and the relaxation time bet...
We focused on the behavior of water in the stratum corneum (SC) at the key water content of about 25 wt%. Isotherm in the SC were observed when the relative humidity (RH) was altered stepwise, and the relaxation time between the step changes was analyzed, where the weight change of the SC was measured by varying the RH by 5 % step. We found that in the sorption/desorption process, almost exponential increase of the water content against the RH appeared, but in the sorption process, a distinct increase in the water content appeared when increasing the water content from around 22-25 wt% to the next by the step increase of the RH, and in the desorption process, a distinct decrease in the water content appeared when decreasing the water content from around 22-25 wt% to the next by the step decrease of the RH. From the analysis of the temporal change of the water content by the step change of the RH, in the desorption process, when the water content was decreased from around 22-25 wt% to the next, the relaxation time of the water content change became significantly long, and furthermore the relaxation time in the water content lower than around 22-25 wt% became approximately twice of that higher than it. We revealed that the former phenomenon is due to the stabilization of the short-period lamellar structure and the latter is due to the removal of the bound water. The above characteristic water content was within the key water content of about 25 wt%, then we newly propose that there is an important mechanism by which the water content of the skin surface is maintained at a homeostatic level of about 25 wt%.
Comparative Oxidative Metabolism of Dietary Eicosapentaenoic Acid Hydroperoxide and Unoxidized Eicosapentaenoic Acid in Mice.
Yoshinaga-Kiriake A, Shintani K, Yoshino K … +4 more , Otomo M, Tanaka S, Gotoh N, Yoshinaga K
J Oleo Sci · 2026 · PMID 42386560 · Publisher ↗
Eicosapentaenoic acid hydroperoxides (EPA-OOH) are oxidized derivatives of eicosapentaenoic acid formed during lipid peroxidation and metabolism; however, their physio-logical fate remains unclear. Here, we investigated...
Eicosapentaenoic acid hydroperoxides (EPA-OOH) are oxidized derivatives of eicosapentaenoic acid formed during lipid peroxidation and metabolism; however, their physio-logical fate remains unclear. Here, we investigated the in vivo fate of dietary EPA-OOH. We synthesized stable isotope (C)-labeled EPA-ethyl ester hydroperoxide (*EPA-EE-OOH) and its unoxidized counterpart (*EPA-EE) and administered them orally to mice. Exhaled air was collected at defined time points and analyzed by isotope-ratio mass spectrometry to determine the C/C ratio of expired CO. To evaluate gastric degradation, photo-oxidized EPA-EE-OOH was exposed to hydrochloric acid to simulate stomach conditions, and degradation products were characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and compared with those of unoxidized EPA-EE. Compared with *EPA-EE, *EPA-EE-OOH produced an earlier increase in expired CO (ΔC peak 28.6 ‰ at 30 min) than *EPA-EE (ΔC peak 27.4 ‰ at 240 min); however, cumulative CO excretion over 6 h did not differ significantly between treatments, indicating comparable overall catabolism. Under acidic conditions, EPA-EE-OOH underwent ac-id-catalyzed cleavage near the hydroperoxide moiety, yielding shorter-chain fatty acids and al-dehydes. These findings suggest that a fraction of dietary EPA-OOH is degraded in the gastroin-testinal tract into low-molecular-weight products that are rapidly catabolized, accounting for the early increase in expired CO. To the best of our knowledge, our study is the first to report the in vivo catabolic behavior of dietary EPA-OOH. These findings provide new insight into its physiological significance.
Chaetoceros gracilis, a marine microalga, attenuates hepatic lipid accumulation in SDT fatty rats, a severe genetic MASLD model.
Shirouchi B, Ninomiya N, Funakura K … +4 more , Iwasaki S, Higuchi M, Nagao N, Tanaka K
J Oleo Sci · 2026 · PMID 42386559 · Publisher ↗
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is closely associated with metabolic syndrome and is characterized by excessive accumulation of hepatic li-pids. Marine microalgae have attracted increasin...
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is closely associated with metabolic syndrome and is characterized by excessive accumulation of hepatic li-pids. Marine microalgae have attracted increasing attention as sustainable sources of bioactive lipids. We previously demonstrated that dietary supplementation with the marine microalga Chaetoceros gracilis (Chaeto) attenuated hepatic lipid accumulation in high-sucrose- and cholesterol-fed Sprague-Dawley rats. The present study examined whether these li-pid-modulating effects in the diet-induced model are preserved in Spontaneously Diabetic Torii (SDT) fatty rats, a severe, genetic model exhibiting MASLD-like features, to evaluate the ro-bustness and broader applicability of Chaeto across different MASLD conditions. Male SDT fatty rats were fed a control diet or a diet supplemented with 5 % (w/w) Chaeto for 5 weeks. Hepatic lipid content, plasma lipid profiles, fecal lipid excretion, and hepatic enzyme activities and gene expression related to lipid metabolism were analyzed. Chaeto supplementation sig-nificantly reduced hepatic triglyceride and cholesterol content compared with that of the Control group that was fed a non-supplemented diet. Hepatic fatty acid synthesis was suppressed at both enzymatic and transcriptional levels, whereas carnitine palmitoyltransferase activity was in-creased, indicating enhanced β-oxidation of fatty acids. The reduction in hepatic cholesterol levels was associated with decreased expression of cholesterol synthesis-and esterification-related genes and increased fecal neutral steroid excretion, while fecal acidic steroid excretion remained un-changed. Plasma non-high-density lipoprotein triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations were significantly reduced without aggravating hypercholesterolemia. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that Chaeto exerts robust lipid-modulating effects even under severe meta-bolic conditions that are genetically based. Suppression of hepatic fatty acid synthesis appears to be a shared mechanism when comparing the genetic and diet-based models, whereas enhancement of fatty acid β-oxidation was specifically evident in the former. Thus, Chaeto may be a promising marine lipid resource for the management of hepatic lipid disorders.
NOTE Alterations in Gene Expression Profiles of Human Epidermal Cells Treated with Jojoba Oil.
Tsuchimoto S, Sakai H, Takeuchi C … +4 more , Ichiyanagi N, Hirata Y, Fukui K, Arai M
J Oleo Sci · 2026 · PMID 42386558 · Publisher ↗
Jojoba oil is a popular skin moisturizer, but its molecular effects on human epidermal cells are unclear. Using reconstructed human epidermis, we applied golden (unrefined) and refined jojoba oils and performed transcrip...
Jojoba oil is a popular skin moisturizer, but its molecular effects on human epidermal cells are unclear. Using reconstructed human epidermis, we applied golden (unrefined) and refined jojoba oils and performed transcriptome analysis. We identified 124 differentially expressed genes; five related to wound healing (e.g., ANGPTL4, MMP9) were validated by qRT-PCR. ANGPTL4 was prominently induced by golden jojoba oil, whereas MMP9 was jojoba oil-specific. We also found that no skin irritation markers were upregulated. These findings sug-gest that jojoba oil, particularly the golden form, may promote epidermal repair without causing irritation, supporting its safe use in cosmetic applications.
Formononetin alleviates LPS-induced neuroinflammation in mice by modulating inflammatory signaling pathways.
Cai L, He Y, Li X … +5 more , Fang H, Ma Y, Shi G, Zhang L, Lin C
J Oleo Sci · 2026 · PMID 42386557 · Publisher ↗
Neuroinflammation is a pathological condition characterized by inflammatory re-sponses with the central nervous system. Formononetin (FOR) has well-documented an-ti-inflammatory properties, however its therapeutic potent...
Neuroinflammation is a pathological condition characterized by inflammatory re-sponses with the central nervous system. Formononetin (FOR) has well-documented an-ti-inflammatory properties, however its therapeutic potential and underlying mechanisms in neuroinflammation remain incompletely characterized. This study elucidated the therapeutic ef-fects of FOR on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammation and its underlying mecha-nisms. In vitro experiments demonstrated that FOR improved the viability of LPS-stimulated BV2 microglia and reduced nitric oxide (NO) production, indicating its protective effect against neu-roinflammatory injury. In vivo, FOR-treated mice exhibited significantly improved learning and memory performance in the Morris water maze (MWM) test compared with LPS-treated mice. Furthermore, Nissl staining showed that FOR increased the number of normal neurons in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Immunohistochemistry that FOR reduced IL-6 levels. Network pharmacology analysis indicated that FOR alleviated neuroinflammation via the regulation of multiple pathways, including nitrogen metabolism, serotonergic synapse signaling, arachidonic acid metabolism, and tyrosine and phenylalanine metabolism. Collectively, our findings demon-strate that FOR effectively ameliorates LPS-induced neuroinflammation, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent for neuroinflammation-related disorders.
CRYSTAL STRUCTURES OF TROPONOID LIQUID-CRYSTALLINE COMPOUNDS: 5-CYANO-2-(4-OCTYLOXYBENZOYLAMINO)-TROPONE AND BIS(5-DODECYLTROPOLONATO)COPPER(II).
Kubo K, Hashimoto M, Kuribayashi D … +2 more , Matsumoto T, Mori A
J Oleo Sci · 2026 · PMID 42386556 · Publisher ↗
Crystal structures of 5‑cyano‑2‑(4‑octyloxybenzoylamino)tropone (1) and bis(5‑dodecyltropolonato)copper(II) (2) were elucidated by single‑crystal X‑ray analysis. The cya-notropone derivative 1 forms centrosymmetric dimer...
Crystal structures of 5‑cyano‑2‑(4‑octyloxybenzoylamino)tropone (1) and bis(5‑dodecyltropolonato)copper(II) (2) were elucidated by single‑crystal X‑ray analysis. The cya-notropone derivative 1 forms centrosymmetric dimers through intermolecular C-H···N interac-tions, and its 2‑(benzoylamino)tropone core adopts an almost planar conformation. Molecules of 1 assemble into a tilted layered structure via C-H···N, C-H···O, and π-π interactions. Complex 2 forms a 2:1 tropolonato-Cu(II) coordination unit with a tetragonally planar geometry, in which the Cu(II) ion lies on an inversion center and is coordinated by four oxygen atoms from two tropolonato ligands. The bis(tropolonato)copper(II) core is essentially planar, whereas the dodecyl chain adopts an all‑trans zigzag conformation, giving the molecule a subtly S‑shaped structure. Com-pound 2 also forms a tilted layered structure through intermolecular C-H···O and π-π interac-tions.
Detergent-compatible Lipase from Aspergillus niger: Statistical Optimization, Purification, Characterization, and Stain Removal Efficiency.
Riasat S, Zia MA, Ahmed S … +5 more , Ikram S, Mammadova K, Arshad M, Alkhalifah DHM, Hozzein WN
J Oleo Sci · 2026 · PMID 42386555 · Publisher ↗
In the present study, RSM was used to optimize production parameters, yielding optimal conditions of pH 7, inoculum volume of 4.5 mL, incubation time of 96 h, and temperature of 50 °C, resulting in maximum enzyme product...
In the present study, RSM was used to optimize production parameters, yielding optimal conditions of pH 7, inoculum volume of 4.5 mL, incubation time of 96 h, and temperature of 50 °C, resulting in maximum enzyme production and the highest enzyme activity of 17.3 U/mL. Optimization increased the enzyme yield 1.8-fold compared to the unoptimized con-ditions. The quadratic model was significant (p = 0.04) and had an adequate precision of 6.82 and an R2 of 0.7684. External validation runs confirmed model reliability (observed activity of 16.9 ± 0.6 U/mL, a 2.3 % deviation from the predicted value). Lipase was purified using ammonium sulfate precipitation, dialysis, ion-exchange chromatography, and gel filtration chromatography, yielding a 4.07-fold purification with 45.90 % recovery. Biochemical characterization of the purified lipase revealed a Km of 2.14 mM and a Vmax of 204 U/mL, indicating moderate substrate affinity and effective catalysis. The low Km supports activity at low substrate concentrations typical of wash conditions, and high Vmax enables rapid stain removal. The purified lipase improved de-tergent performance, as demonstrated by a stain-removal test, in which the enzyme-containing detergent removed stains more effectively than the non-enzyme detergent. Heat-inactivated lipase controls confirmed that stain removal was enzymatic. In the visual representation, percent stain removal from cotton cloth showed that the lipase-containing detergent removed stains more ef-fectively than locally available ones. This study demonstrated the production of fungal lipases, highlighting their potential as promising candidates for detergent applications, pending further industrial-scale validation.
Formation of Conjugated Polyenes, Malondialdehyde and Methylglyoxal in French Fries Produced with Four Different Types of Oils.
Aduol KO, Onyango AN, Mokua BNK … +2 more , Okoth JK, Ayua EO
J Oleo Sci · 2026 · PMID 42386554 · Publisher ↗
Lipid peroxidation products in French fries are a potential risk factor for non-communicable diseases. Malondialdehyde and methylglyoxal are among the most pathophysiologically-relevant lipid peroxidation products, but a...
Lipid peroxidation products in French fries are a potential risk factor for non-communicable diseases. Malondialdehyde and methylglyoxal are among the most pathophysiologically-relevant lipid peroxidation products, but are generally not regarded as major products of the oxidation of linoleic acid- or monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA)-rich oils, because mechanisms of their formation from such fatty acids are poorly understood. This study aimed to determine the formation of malondialdehyde and methylglyoxal, as well as conjugated dienes and conjugated trienes (precursors of secondary products including aldehydes) in French fries fried with four oils having different fatty acid composition. Conjugated dienes and trienes (CDs and CTs, respectively) were determined spectrophotometrically, malondialdehyde by the thiobarbituric acid test, and methylglyoxal by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). CT formation occurred to the same extent in sunflower and canola oils although the former lacked fatty acids with at least three double bonds, signifying desaturation of fatty acids during lipid peroxidation. More malondialdehyde was formed in sunflower oil containing more linoleic acid than canola oil with higher α-linolenic acid (18:3, n-3) content, indicating the importance of linoleic acid as a malondialdehyde precursor. Olive oil generated more malondialdehyde, methylglyoxal, CD and CT than palm olein, which is attributable to greater monounsaturated fatty acid content in the former. Mechanisms are proposed for the formation of CDs, CTs, malondialdehyde and methylglyoxal from MUFA and linoleic acid. Thus, MUFA- and linoleic acid-rich oils are relevant as sources of the two dialdehydes in fried foods. CDs and CTs can be considered as appropriate for monitoring lipid peroxidation even in MUFA- or linoleic acid-rich oils. Furthermore, formation of CDs through fatty acid desaturation helps to explain the formation of some 'unexpected' lipid oxidation products.
Membrane Tubulation by Cytoskeletal System: From Physical Principles to Cellular Mechanisms and In Vitro Reconstitution.
Park SH, Lee SH, Kim E … +3 more , Tror S, Yeansonn S, Shin K
J Oleo Sci · 2026 · PMID 42386553 · Publisher ↗
Membrane tubes are thin, cylindrical lipid bilayer structures that are ubiquitous in cells and participate in a wide range of biological processes, from plasma membrane protrusions that interact with the external environ...
Membrane tubes are thin, cylindrical lipid bilayer structures that are ubiquitous in cells and participate in a wide range of biological processes, from plasma membrane protrusions that interact with the external environment to elongated tubules of intracellular organelles involved in trafficking pathways. While membrane tubes represent a thermodynamically accessible mode of membrane deformation owing to the inherent fluidity and bending susceptibility of lipid bilayers, the formation and maintenance of most cellular membrane tubes are actively regulated by cytoskeletal proteins. Cytoskeleton-driven tubulation can be classified into two mechanically distinct mechanisms: filament polymerization within the tube lumen that pushes the membrane outward, and pulling forces exerted on the outer tube surface either through polymerization dynamics or by motor proteins walking along cytoskeletal tracks. In this review, for each class of cytoskeleton-driven membrane tubes, we introduce the corresponding cellular structures, outline the key formation principles, and discuss the mechanistic insights and theoretical models derived from in vitro reconstitution studies. As both membrane tubes and cytoskeletal filaments are one-dimensional elastic structures amenable to rigorous physical formulation, they represent an exemplary case in which in vivo observations and in vitro approaches have advanced in a complementary and mutually informative manner.
Capillary electrophoresis quadrupole time-of-flight system metabolomic analysis revealed early onset metabolic change in adipose tissue of mice fed conjugated linoleic acid.
Nanase Y, Kai H, Iwase H … +4 more , Okamoto K, Ogawa K, Nishiyama K, Yamasaki M
J Oleo Sci · 2026 · PMID 42219368 · Publisher ↗
Although conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has attracted attention as a potent body fat-reducing agent, its detailed molecular mechanism of action remains obscure. Here, we evaluated the effect of short-term feeding of CLA...
Although conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has attracted attention as a potent body fat-reducing agent, its detailed molecular mechanism of action remains obscure. Here, we evaluated the effect of short-term feeding of CLA on metabolism in adipose tissue of mice fed a high-fat diet. Mice were fed a high-fat diet for 8-wk to promote the accumulation of body fat, then divided into control and 1 % CLA groups and kept for 1-wk. CLA did not affect the weight of epididymal and perirenal adipose tissues. To detect the metabolic changes that precede the body fat-reducing effect of CLA, a comprehensive metabolite analysis in adipose tissue was performed using a capillary electrophoresis quadrupole time-of-flight system. Principal component analysis clearly showed differentiation in the pattern of quantitative data for metabolites between control and CLA groups. KEGG enrichment analysis of metabolites indicated the importance of three metabolite sets. Seventeen metabolites were significantly upregulated in the CLA group compared to the control and no metabolites were downregulated. Taken together, these changes in metabolite profile induced by CLA are indicative of early onset metabolic change, potentially leading to a reduction in adipose tissue mass.
Optimization and Formulation of Nanoemulsion Ex-tracts Basil Leaves (Ocimum basilicum L.) and Testing of Anti-Acne Activity against Propionibacterium acnes.
Iskandar B, Putri R, Wei CP … +1 more , Renovita F
J Oleo Sci · 2026 · PMID 42219367 · Publisher ↗
Acne vulgaris is a common dermatological condition that is often worsened by hot and humid climates, such as those in Indonesia. These conditions promote the growth of Propionibacterium acnes, a bacterium involved in acn...
Acne vulgaris is a common dermatological condition that is often worsened by hot and humid climates, such as those in Indonesia. These conditions promote the growth of Propionibacterium acnes, a bacterium involved in acne pathogenesis. Long-term use of topical antibiotics may lead to resistance, highlighting the need for natural alternatives. This study aimed to formulate and optimize a nanoemulsion of basil leaf extract (Ocimum basilicum L.) and evaluate its antibacterial activity against P. acnes. The nanoemulsion was prepared by spontaneous emulsification using Tween 80 as the surfactant and PEG 400 as the co-surfactant. Optimization was performed using the Box-Behnken Design with Design Expert 13 software, considering pH and transmittance as responses. The optimal formulation contained Tween 80 (41.09 %) and PEG 400 (23.35 %), resulting in a nanoemulsion with a particle size of 13.80 ± 0.36 nm, PDI 0.18 ± 0.04, and zeta potential -20.00 ± 0.80 mV. The formulation showed good physical stability and caused no irritation in animal skin tests. Antibacterial testing showed an inhibition zone diameter of 12.30 ± 0.28 mm, indicating weak activity. These findings suggest that basil leaf extract nanoemulsion has potential as a natural topical alternative for acne treatment.
Domain analysis and engineering of multifunctional β-carotene synthase, CrtIBY, for lycopene and phytoene production.
Watanabe K, Oda A, Nagano A … +3 more , Sato R, Hashima Y, Aki T
J Oleo Sci · 2026 · PMID 42219366 · Publisher ↗
The multifunctional β-carotene synthase, CrtIBY, derived from Aurantiochytrium sp. KH105 catalyzes to produce β-carotene from geranylgeranyl diphosphate through three serial enzymatic reactions with a trace amount of int...
The multifunctional β-carotene synthase, CrtIBY, derived from Aurantiochytrium sp. KH105 catalyzes to produce β-carotene from geranylgeranyl diphosphate through three serial enzymatic reactions with a trace amount of intermediates such as phytoene and lycopene. In this research, the functions of domains of CrtIBY were studied and the product specificity was modified by protein engineering techniques including the removal of functional motif and site-directed mutagenesis. Saccharomyces cerevisiae transformants expressing the functionally modified CrtIBY mutants accumulated phytoene and lycopene. These mutants are expected to be useful to supply raw materials of pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and health foods.
Low-Cost Agro-Industrial Waste-Based Production of Lipase by Aspergillus flavus and Its Application in Brassica napus Seed Germination.
Bashir T, Ullah N, Sarwar A … +7 more , Mehmood A, Mohammad N, Aziz T, Elkhadragy MF, Shami A, Fallatah TA, Nahari AM
J Oleo Sci · 2026 · PMID 42219365 · Publisher ↗
Lipases are biocatalysts of great industrial and agricultural importance. The production of lipase by microbial sources can be optimized by adjusting the physicochemical and nutritional parameters. The aim of the present...
Lipases are biocatalysts of great industrial and agricultural importance. The production of lipase by microbial sources can be optimized by adjusting the physicochemical and nutritional parameters. The aim of the present study was to determine the optimal production of extracellular lipase by Aspergillus flavus in solid-state fermentation and to evaluate its impact on lipid mobilization and seed germination in Brassica napus. A. flavus, a morphologically identified and molecularly confirmed strain, was initially isolated from oil-roasted bread and cultured on malt extract agar for enzyme production under solid-state fermentation. Optimization of fermentation parameters, including incubation time, temperature, pH, inoculum type and size, substrate type and concentration, and supplementation with metal ions, carbon, oil, and nitrogen sources, was performed using the one-variable-at-a-time (OVAT) approach as a preliminary optimization method. Lipase activity was determined by a titrimetric method using an olive oil emulsion. The optimized enzyme extract was applied to B. napus seeds to assess its effects on germination, seedling growth, and lipid mobilization. The optimal conditions were 48 h incubation, 40 °C, pH 8, spore inoculum (1 mL), 20 g Nigella meal, 2 % (w/v) CdCl, 3 % (w/v) fructose, 3 % (v/v) mustard oil, 2 % (w/v) ammonium sulfate, and 1 % (w/v) yeast extract, resulting in maximum extracellular lipase activity (14.99 ± 1.66 U mL-1). Application of the optimized lipase significantly improved germination, radicle length, seedling fresh weight, and free fatty acid content by 12.8 %, 31.4 %, 16.4 %, and 50.4 %, respectively (p ≤ 0.05) compared to the control, indicating enhanced lipid mobilization and seed vigor. These findings demonstrate the potential of fungal lipase in industrial production and agricultural applications, particularly in improving seed germination and early seedling development.
Biotechnological Perspective of Dietary Probiotics for Enhancing Growth, Antioxidant Status, Digestive Effi-ciency, Molecular Signaling, and Tissue Integrity in Pangasius pangasius.
Tariq A, Liaqat I, Naseem S … +7 more , Andleeb S, Abdul Latif A, Saleem G, Ali S, Aftab MN, Ali A, Alsubaie N
J Oleo Sci · 2026 · PMID 42219364 · Publisher ↗
The increasing cost and sustainability concerns associated with soybean meal (SBM) necessitate alternative protein sources for aquaculture feeds. This study evaluated graded replacement of SBM with silkworm pupae meal (S...
The increasing cost and sustainability concerns associated with soybean meal (SBM) necessitate alternative protein sources for aquaculture feeds. This study evaluated graded replacement of SBM with silkworm pupae meal (SWPM; 0, 25, 50, and 75 %) combined with probiotics in Pangasius pangasius. Among ten screened probiotic strains, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidum showed strong antimicrobial activity against major fish pathogens. A 90-day feeding trial demonstrated that diets containing 25 % and 50 % SWPM significantly improved growth performance compared to the control, increasing final body weight from 19.83 g to 27.39 g and 28.54 g, respectively, with a concurrent reduction in feed conversion ratio from 1.29 to 1.22 (p ≤ 0.001). Antioxidant capacity was markedly enhanced, as evidenced by reduced lipid peroxidation and elevated activities of superoxide dismutase (upto 236.9U/mg) and catalase (43.9U/mg) in the liver, kidney, and intestine (p ≤ 0.001). Gene expression analysis revealed downregulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6, alongside strong upregulation of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (2.1-fold) at 25-50 % SWPM, whereas 75 % inclusion induced pro-inflammatory signaling. In conclusion, dietary inclusion of 25-50 % SWPM combined with probiotics is optimal for enhancing growth, antioxidant defense, digestive efficiency, and immune homeostasis in P. pangasius, supporting its use in sustainable functional aquafeeds.
Volatile Oil from Magnolia sieboldii Alleviates Depres-sion and Regulates Neurotransmitter Expression in Reserpine-Induced Depressed Mice.
Yun T, Xiao Y, Lai Y … +3 more , Gong Y, Huang S, Deng C
J Oleo Sci · 2026 · PMID 42219363 · Publisher ↗
This study explores the antidepressant efficacy of Magnolia sieboldii essential oils (MSEOs) and their underlying mechanisms in a reserpine-induced depression model utilizing mice. The impact of varying MSEOs concentrati...
This study explores the antidepressant efficacy of Magnolia sieboldii essential oils (MSEOs) and their underlying mechanisms in a reserpine-induced depression model utilizing mice. The impact of varying MSEOs concentrations on depressive behaviors was evaluated through the forced swimming test. Neuronal cell counts in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and hypothalamus were determined using Nissl staining. The expression levels of critical proteins, including 5HT-1A, 5HT-2A, and GR, were examined via immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, RT-qPCR was employed to detect the mRNA expression levels of CRF and TrkB. The findings indicate that MSEOs, particularly at medium and high doses, significantly enhance the survival motivation of mice, increase the quantity of normal neurons in the cortex and hippocampus, and mitigate depressive symptoms. Additionally, MSEOs markedly upregulate the expression of 5HT-1A and notably increase TrkB and GR levels at medium and high doses. Compared to the control group, MSEOs-treated groups demonstrate enhanced effects on neurotransmitter modulation and neuroprotection, especially at higher doses. In conclusion, MSEOs demonstrate therapeutic potential by enhancing survival motivation in mice, promoting neuronal proliferation in the brains of depressed mice, and upregulating the expression of 5HT-1A,5HT-2A, GR, CRF, and TrkB proteins. These findings suggest MSEOs may serve as a promising candidate drug for depression treatment.
Challenges and Countermeasures in Measuring Molecular Species of Characteristic Ingredients in Rice Bran Oil: Toward the Development of High-Quality Rice Bran Oil.
Sawada K, Midori M, Hashimoto H … +4 more , Ogura Y, Ito J, Nakagawa K, Tsuno T
J Oleo Sci · 2026 · PMID 42219362 · Publisher ↗
Rice bran oil has attracted increasing attention not only for its nutritional ingredients, such as triacylglycerol with a well-balanced essential fatty acid composition, but also for its functional ingredients such as pl...
Rice bran oil has attracted increasing attention not only for its nutritional ingredients, such as triacylglycerol with a well-balanced essential fatty acid composition, but also for its functional ingredients such as plant sterol, vitamin E, and γ-oryzanol. However, their accurate evaluation remains challenging because these ingredients exist as mixtures of structurally similar molecular species. This review introduces (1) the total measurement of triacylglycerol molecular species using near-infrared spectroscopy, (2) detailed individual measurement of γ-oryzanol molecular species using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS), and (3) insights into the absorption and metabolism of γ-oryzanol molecular species using LC/MS. These technologies and insights are expected to ensure the health functionality of rice bran oil and to contribute to more efficient, high-quality rice bran oil production.
Friction Dynamics of Organogel-type Cosmetics.
Sasaki R, Nonomura Y
J Oleo Sci · 2026 · PMID 42091564 · Publisher ↗
The friction characteristics of organogel-type cosmetics play a crucial role in texture improvement. In this study, we evaluated the friction behavior of 32 organogel-type cosmetics when they were applied to artificial s...
The friction characteristics of organogel-type cosmetics play a crucial role in texture improvement. In this study, we evaluated the friction behavior of 32 organogel-type cosmetics when they were applied to artificial skin utilizing a sinusoidal motion friction evaluation system. The principal component analysis on the friction parameters demonstrated that the principal components Z and Z incorporated the static friction coefficient μ, dynamic friction coefficient μ, delay time δ, and viscosity coefficient C. The cluster analysis on Z and Z classified these cosmetics into four different categories based on friction dynamics: Group 1 comprised 14 formulations containing hydrogenated polyisobutene (a low-polarity oil) and triethylhexanoin (a medium-polarity oil); Group 2 comprises cosmetics with high pigment content, hardness and friction coefficient; Group 3 comprises cosmetics with high viscosity response. and positive velocity dependence due to the presence of various paste-type oils; and Group 4, in which the friction coefficient decreases with the increasing acceleration at the onset of sliding, demonstrates a negative viscosity coefficient. These cosmetics contain medium- to high-polarity oils exemplified by diisostearyl malate and tri(caprylic/capric)glyceryl. The classification method based on friction parameters proposed in this study is useful for understanding the application texture of organogel-type cosmetics and designing improved formulations.
Nigella sativa Seed Oil Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activity against Escherichia coli O157H7 Shiga Toxin-2.
Mahdi LH, Abdulrazaq RA, Mater HN … +10 more , Sulaiman GM, Hasan EK, Mohammed HA, Khan RA, Auda IG, Jaddoa NTM, Zwain LA, Hussein B, Kadhim BM, Abomughaid MM
J Oleo Sci · 2026 · PMID 42091563 · Publisher ↗
Shiga toxin type 2 (Stx2)-producing Escherichia coli O157H7 has become a global risk to public health. The study aimed to investigate the emergence of antimicrobial resistance patterns in the clinical isolates of E. coli...
Shiga toxin type 2 (Stx2)-producing Escherichia coli O157H7 has become a global risk to public health. The study aimed to investigate the emergence of antimicrobial resistance patterns in the clinical isolates of E. coli. The isolates revealed a pattern of strong resistance to the majority of the common antibiotics. Most E. coli isolates were susceptible to gentamicin and were classified as MDR. The Stx2 determinant was screened in E. coli O157:H7 isolates through the PCR technique, and the Stx2 was purified by cation exchange and gel filtration chromatography. The purification yielded 5.2 milligrams of pure Stx2. Nigella sativa oil's obtained by the mechanical expression of seeds at room temperature was evaluated for its antibacterial activity against 16 E. coli O157:H7 isolates at different concentrations. The oil induced inhibition zone diameter of 9.83, 16.71, and 27.48 mm at the concentration of 16, 32, and 64 μg/mL, respectively. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of N. sativa seed oil (NSSO) and gentamicin-treated biofilm-forming different isolates ranged from 64-502 and 32-256 μg/mL, respectively. Optical density (O.D.) and viable counts showed significant differences before and after the treatment with sub-MIC. The injections of Stx2 caused microangiopathy in mice, including hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and renal impairment. The Stx2 also caused microvascular thrombosis and other histologic damage in the kidney, spleen, and liver, as well as a significant reduction in the splenic size of the infected mice. The results showed that the variance in the values of the complete blood count, as well as histopathological alteration in the spleen, occurred in mice treated with Nigella sativa oil, which was improved compared with the control. This study is the first report on NSSO exhibiting inhibitory activity on E. coli and its Shiga toxin, which can also inhibit virulence in E. coli, thereby suggesting it as an alternative for therapy.
Edible Insect Locusta migratoria, an Alternative Food Resource, Ameliorates Orotic Acid-induced Hypertriglyceridemia in Rats.
Ochiai M, Yoshida T, Nagasao J
J Oleo Sci · 2026 · PMID 42091562 · Publisher ↗
The anticipated increase in the global population and dyslipidemia will need available food resources, such as edible insects, to meet nutritional and pharmaceutical merits. Among edible insects, Locusta migratoria (name...
The anticipated increase in the global population and dyslipidemia will need available food resources, such as edible insects, to meet nutritional and pharmaceutical merits. Among edible insects, Locusta migratoria (namely, migratory locust) (ML), which contains n-3 fatty acids capable of binding to multiple lipids, phytosterols, and dietary fiber chitin, are expected to be a therapeutic resource for ameliorating dyslipidemia as well as an alternative protein resource. We hypothesized that the ML supplementation represented the beneficial effect on lipid metabolism in the plasma and liver of male rats with dyslipidemia induced by an AIN-93G based diet containing a low level of orotic acid (OA) (0.6 % in diet) for two weeks. The 0.6 % OA treatment, which was determined in a preliminary study on loading dosage suitable for evaluating food ingredients, did not affect the growth and severe lipid accumulation, but induced liver hypertrophy with low-moderate hematological observations and hypertriglyceridemia. The ML supplementation led to a reduction in plasma triacylglycerol levels in OA-treated rats, particularly in the chylomicron, very-low-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), particularly small-dense LDL, fractions. In the liver, the ML supplementation also significantly or slightly reduced mRNA expression related to lipogenesis and LDL uptake genes, including Srebf2, Ldlr, Psck9, Hmgcr, Acaca, and Scd1. Moreover, the ratios of n-3 fatty acids, such as α-linolenic and docosapentanoic acids, were increased in the liver and the indices representing fatty acid desaturation in the plasma were suppressed following the ML supplementation. These results have agreed with our hypothesis that the ML supplementation ameliorates lipid metabolism by modulating hepatic lipogenesis, fatty acid metabolism, and LDL receptor function in OA-treated rats. Therefore, ML can serve as a functional and alternative food resource for ameliorating hypertriglyceridemia.
About
- Frequency
- Sun
- Papers found
- 200
- RSS feed
- Subscribe