Recenti Prog Med
· 2026 Feb · PMID 41716100
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Scientific reflection on artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare places strong emphasis on the need for adequate infrastructures and shared standards, but it also reminds us that technology alone is not enough. What i...Scientific reflection on artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare places strong emphasis on the need for adequate infrastructures and shared standards, but it also reminds us that technology alone is not enough. What is truly required is a mature digital culture, both organized and organizational, capable of guiding innovation while keeping it deeply human. AI can indeed become a valuable ally in restoring centrality to the care relationship, which today is often overshadowed by administrative overload and increasing organizational fragmentation. As The Lancet recently pointed out, medicine risks losing its most authentic dimension: the time devoted to listening, observing, and being present. In complex territorial settings, where geography shapes access to care, digital transition demands competent governance, clinical leadership, and investments in the digital literacy of healthcare professionals. When designed with ethics and common sense, AI can lighten the bureaucratic burden; but without a responsible vision, it risks becoming a new constraint, worsening rather than relieving burnout. The true progress of healthcare will depend on our ability to keep humanity at the heart of every innovation. The most advanced technology will never be the one that replaces humans, but the one that gives them back time, attention, and care.
Perilli R, Azzolini C, Cruciani F
… +7 more, Grigioni M, Mazzacane D, Marmo F, Pillon S, Zinzini E, Spinelli D, per la Società Italiana di Oftalmologia Legale (SIOL)
Recenti Prog Med
· 2026 Feb · PMID 41716096
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Telemedicine is a key component of Digital Health (e-Health) and constitutes a key tool capable, through information and communication technologies, of broadening access to care, providing continuity of assistance, and i...Telemedicine is a key component of Digital Health (e-Health) and constitutes a key tool capable, through information and communication technologies, of broadening access to care, providing continuity of assistance, and improving the monitoring of patients with chronic diseases. This study investigated clinicians' perspectives on the use of telemedicine in ophthalmology, analyzing the results of an e-consensus conducted with the RAND/UCLA method, to evaluate the appropriateness of potential clinical practice recommendations (CPRs) for these technologies. Two rounds of questions have been administered between June and October 2024 to a panel of 28 clinicians out of 70 invited (40%) and an engineer with specific experience in telemedicine for the first round and 27 for the second plus the engineer. The outputs - albeit based on small numbers - suggest that, in Italy, telemedicine is judged most appropriate for non-strictly clinical phases (such as medical history collection, reporting, defining patient-satisfaction goals, and follow-up). By contrast, considerable uncertainty persists regarding its use for diagnostic procedures or for identifying diseases.
Recenti Prog Med
· 2026 Feb · PMID 41716095
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Recent political positions in the United States have reignited debate over alleged links between medical interventions and autism, including advice to avoid acetaminophen in pregnancy, the promotion of folinic acid as a...Recent political positions in the United States have reignited debate over alleged links between medical interventions and autism, including advice to avoid acetaminophen in pregnancy, the promotion of folinic acid as a potential preventive or therapeutic measure, and the restriction of several pediatric vaccinations previously universally recommended. These claims have raised concern within the scientific community due to their potential to spread misinformation and weaken established preventive practices. The most robust available evidence, including large population-based cohorts, sibling-comparison studies, and recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses, does not support a causal association between prenatal acetaminophen exposure and the risk of autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, or intellectual disability. Likewise, while folates play a key role in preventing neural tube defects, current data do not support the use of folinic acid to prevent or treat autism. Limiting pediatric vaccination recommendations in the absence of new, high-quality evidence may reduce vaccine coverage and increase the circulation of preventable infectious diseases. The dissemination of non-evidence-based messages, particularly when endorsed by institutional figures, poses a tangible threat to public health and public trust.
Recenti Prog Med
· 2026 Feb · PMID 41716093
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This article analyzes the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in academic writing, proposing an approach that considers chatbots as artificial collaborators rather than tools to circumvent the difficulties of scientific...This article analyzes the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in academic writing, proposing an approach that considers chatbots as artificial collaborators rather than tools to circumvent the difficulties of scientific production. The analysis is structured around three dimensions. First, in academic writing AI can assist with routine sections of papers while maintaining human control over methodological and bibliographic aspects, which represent the core of scientific validity. Second, AI-based peer review (AIPR) could revolutionize peer review by incorporating capabilities difficult for humans to manage: scientometric analysis, recognition of argumentative biases, and verification of methodological procedures. Third, potential "cognitive laziness" is addressed through the Hegelian master-slave dialectic metaphor: every technology that incorporates human competencies replaces them, but simultaneously generates new competencies. In the hypertrophic world of contemporary textual production, chatbots can serve as guides to navigate informational complexity, albeit with the limits of artificial rationality.
Recenti Prog Med
· 2026 Feb · PMID 41716092
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Artificial intelligence (AI) promises to redefine production systems, decision-making processes, and even social relationships, but it raises critical (and ethical) questions about its environmental impact. The paradox i...Artificial intelligence (AI) promises to redefine production systems, decision-making processes, and even social relationships, but it raises critical (and ethical) questions about its environmental impact. The paradox is clear: AI can be both part of the solution and part of the problem. On one hand, it enables better forecasting of extreme weather events thanks to data collected from satellites and sensors, supports "smart" electrical grids that integrate renewable sources such as solar and wind power, strengthens "precision agriculture" by optimizing irrigation and fertilization, and makes smart cities more sustainable through intelligent mobility systems and energy optimization. On the other hand, it introduces unavoidable environmental costs linked to high energy and water consumption, the limited availability of raw materials needed to build data-center components, and the challenge of disposing of them sustainably. Experts propose shifting from energy-hungry Red AI to Green AI, based on lighter, less complex models powered by renewable energy. Techniques such as federated learning and pruning, combined with the use of sustainable data centers, recyclable hardware, and distributed architectures, make it possible to drastically reduce consumption without sacrificing performance. The challenge for the future will be to govern AI with a vision that balances innovation and sustainability, environmental justice and technological progress.
Recenti Prog Med
· 2026 Jan · PMID 41568647
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CAR-T cell therapy revolutioned the therapeutic landscape of the relapsed/refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL-R/R), improving relapse-free survival and overall survival of patients. Optimal management of...CAR-T cell therapy revolutioned the therapeutic landscape of the relapsed/refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL-R/R), improving relapse-free survival and overall survival of patients. Optimal management of late complications, such as hematological toxicity as well as allogeneic transplantation role in the therapeutic sequence, are specific topics currently being debated. We report a case of a young woman with ALL-B R/R extramedullary relapsed after a first allogeneic transplant and second-line immunotherapy, successfully treated with brexu-cel obtaining a complete remission status confirmed after one year. We adopted a conservative strategy choosing to delay the option of a second allogeneic transplantation to manage a prologed severe hematological toxicity and to consolidate the remission obtained.
Recenti Prog Med
· 2026 Jan · PMID 41568646
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Brexucabtagene autoleucel (brexu-cel), a CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, is a promising and available salvage option for relapsed/refractory philadelphia-positive B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic...Brexucabtagene autoleucel (brexu-cel), a CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, is a promising and available salvage option for relapsed/refractory philadelphia-positive B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia patients, potentially effective even after several previous lines of therapy and a previous allogeneic stem cell transplant (HSCT). This reported clinical case allowed us to highlight different relevant factors for the optimal, complex and multidisciplinary management of this subgroup of patients: bridging therapy selection, the need of reevaluating CD19 expression, disease burden as an outcome predictor and the role of HSCT as a further therapeutic consolidation.
Recenti Prog Med
· 2026 Jan · PMID 41568645
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The therapy of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in the latter has achieved significant progress by increasing the complete remission (CR) rate, re-binding allogeneic transplantation to patients with high-...The therapy of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in the latter has achieved significant progress by increasing the complete remission (CR) rate, re-binding allogeneic transplantation to patients with high-risk disease and/or not in MRD-negative CR. The flip side of these successes is the more difficult management for patients who are refractory to modern treatment regimens or who relapse. Historically, it was necessary to aim for a CR and consolidate the result with allogeneic transplantation, an option available only to young and fit patients. Introduction of CAR therapy T seems to undermine this dogma by allowing to offer a lasting therapeutic perspective even for elderly patients who do not obtain a clinical response with second line therapy.
Cerrano M, Celona L, Berutto G
… +2 more, Freilone R, Audisio E
Recenti Prog Med
· 2026 Jan · PMID 41568644
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INTRODUCTION: Relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (R/R B-ALL) represents a complex clinical scenario, and the advent of immunotherapy has radically changed the therapeutic options available for the...INTRODUCTION: Relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (R/R B-ALL) represents a complex clinical scenario, and the advent of immunotherapy has radically changed the therapeutic options available for these patients. The introduction of CAR-T cell therapy for patients over 25 years old offers a new treatment opportunity, with high remission rates and durable responses. CLINICAL CASE: A 67-year-old female patient with multiple comorbidities was diagnosed with Philadelphia-negative B-ALL and treated with induction therapy according to the GIMEMA LAL1913 protocol plus rituximab with dose reductions due to age, achieving a complete MRD-negative complete remission (CR). During the sixth month of maintenance therapy, a relapse was diagnosed. The patient was then referred for brexu-cel treatment, following bridging therapy with inotuzumab which led to the achievement of MRD-positive remission. Brexu-cel therapy was complicated by grade 1 CRS, grade 1 ICANS, and an episode of atrial fibrillation, but ultimately led to a complete MRD-negative CR. The patient remains in complete MRD-negative remission over one year after therapy, without the need for further treatment. CONCLUSION: Brexu-cel represents an effective treatment option for patients with R/R B-ALL. In patients with comorbidities and significant transplant-related risks, prolonged remissions can be maintained even without additional consolidation therapies. Optimization of bridging therapy, monitoring, and toxicity management is essential.
Recenti Prog Med
· 2026 Jan · PMID 41568643
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Here we report the case of a 39 years old patient who experienced a hematological relapse of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia 23 months after completion of maintenance therapy. Relapse occurred two days after brexu-ce...Here we report the case of a 39 years old patient who experienced a hematological relapse of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia 23 months after completion of maintenance therapy. Relapse occurred two days after brexu-cel approval for reimbursement within the Italian National Health System. This favourable timing enabled the prompt apheresis for brexu-cel manufacturing, bridge therapy with inotuzumab ozogamicin and subsequently brexu-cel infusion. The patient achieved a complete molecular remission and thereafter performed an allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Currently, at 19 and 15 months after brexu-cel infusion and transplant, respectively, the patient presents sustained MRD negative remission with no graft-versus-host-disease evidence and a good quality of life.