Curr. Diab. Rep. [JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Psychological Impact of Screening for Risk of Type 1 Diabetes: an Update.
Johnson SB, O'Donnell H, Smith LB … +1 more , Melin J
Curr Diab Rep · 2025 Nov · PMID 41231287 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Summarize recent literature on: understanding of and emotional reactions to type 1 diabetes (T1D) risk; willingness to be screened; behavioral responses to T1D-risk screening results; and provider atti...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Summarize recent literature on: understanding of and emotional reactions to type 1 diabetes (T1D) risk; willingness to be screened; behavioral responses to T1D-risk screening results; and provider attitudes/concerns about general population screening. RECENT FINDINGS: Difficulty understanding what it means to be at increased risk for T1D is common; anxiety about increased risk may occur, particularly in multiple islet autoantibody positive (IA+) individuals. Many are hesitant to be screened or to be medically monitored if at increased risk. Those at risk may engage in behaviors to try to prevent T1D. Providers are often cautious about general population screening, with concerns about associated anxiety paramount. Understanding the psychosocial implications of T1D-risk screening is critical to its success. Interventions are needed to improve understanding of the purpose, procedures and consequences of screening, what it means to be at risk, and ways to cope with associated anxiety. The psychosocial impact of a Stage 1 or Stage 2 T1D diagnosis needs clarification and the availability of drugs to delay disease onset is likely to have a significant impact on the decision to be screened and monitored if at-risk for T1D. The impact of screening on children as well as their role in screening/medical monitoring decision-making needs to be addressed.
A Scoping Review on the Role of the Microbiome as a Factor in the Bidirectional Association Between Obesity and Depression.
Beswick G, Major N, Hendrickson C … +6 more , Kumar V, Waller M, Durrani Z, Hotchkiss S, Bala A, Taylor VH
Curr Diab Rep · 2025 Oct · PMID 41160345 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Obesity is a chronic illness highly comorbid with mental health conditions, particularly depression. Among the factors involved in this association, inflammation is a consistently identified link. This...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Obesity is a chronic illness highly comorbid with mental health conditions, particularly depression. Among the factors involved in this association, inflammation is a consistently identified link. This review explores the emerging role of the gut microbiota as a modulator of inflammation and its potential involvement in the pathophysiological processes linking obesity and depression. RECENT FINDINGS: Chronic low-grade inflammation is observed in both obesity and depressive disorders. Alterations in gut microbiota are increasingly implicated in inflammatory mechanisms, including increased intestinal permeability, immune activation, and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, influencing leukocyte function and cytokine production. Additionally, both obesity and depression are associated with altered microbial composition. The gut microbiome contributes to chronic inflammation relevant to the pathophysiology of both obesity and depression. Accumulating evidence highlights the need for further research into how gut microbiota influences inflammatory mechanisms observed in both obesity and depression.
Exosomes and microRNAs: Molecular Mediators Linking Obesity, Exercise, and Metabolic Regulation.
Joaquim VHA, Pereira NP, Improta-Caria AC … +3 more , de Avila Pelozin BR, Fernandes T, Oliveira EM
Curr Diab Rep · 2025 Oct · PMID 41105175 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Obesity is a global health crisis characterized by chronic inflammation and metabolic dysfunction, partly driven by altered intercellular communication within the adipose tissue. Exosomes, small extrac...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Obesity is a global health crisis characterized by chronic inflammation and metabolic dysfunction, partly driven by altered intercellular communication within the adipose tissue. Exosomes, small extracellular vesicles, and their microRNA (miRNA) cargo have emerged as key mediators in this process, facilitating crosstalk between adipose tissue and other organs and influencing insulin sensitivity, inflammation, and energy homeostasis. Physical exercise modulates the expression and secretion of exosomal miRNAs, contributing to systemic metabolic improvements and counteracting obesity-related diseases. This study reviews recent research on the causal role of exosomes in obesity-related metabolic dysfunction. RECENT FINDINGS: Exosome-derived miRNAs are often deregulated in obese individuals, promoting adipose tissue hypertrophy, systemic insulin resistance, and chronic inflammation. Specific miRNAs (e.g., miR-34a, miR-29a, miR-222, miR-155, and miR-27a) have been implicated in impairing insulin signaling and promoting pro-inflammatory states. Exercise-induced exomiRs (e.g., miR-1, miR-133b, and miR-22) mediate beneficial effects, such as enhanced lipolysis, improved insulin sensitivity, and reduced inflammation. Experimental models have shown that exosomes from trained animals can transfer these benefits to their sedentary or obese counterparts. Exosomes and their miRNA cargoes are crucial mediators of crosstalk between adipose tissue and other organs, significantly influencing metabolic regulation in obesity. Physical exercise is a potent modulator of exosome-mediated signaling, offering systemic metabolic benefits and potential non-pharmacological interventions.
The Cardioprotective Effects of Adiponectin in Diabetes.
Kazemi T, Mao Y, Zhang T
Curr Diab Rep · 2025 Oct · PMID 41082155 · Full text
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Adiponectin, a hormone secreted by adipocytes, plays a crucial role in maintaining metabolic balance and supporting cardiovascular health. Although it is known for its protective effects, such as impro...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Adiponectin, a hormone secreted by adipocytes, plays a crucial role in maintaining metabolic balance and supporting cardiovascular health. Although it is known for its protective effects, such as improving insulin sensitivity, reducing inflammation, and maintaining endothelial function, there are paradoxical associations between high adiponectin levels and increased cardiovascular mortality-referred to as the "adiponectin paradox"-which complicates its clinical interpretation. This review explores the cardioprotective effects of adiponectin in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, focusing on its potential to regulate glucose metabolism and prevent cardiovascular complications. RECENT FINDINGS: By reviewing key studies, the article evaluates adiponectin's diverse roles and compares its effects on cardiovascular outcomes across diabetes subtypes, especially in diabetic cardiomyopathy, with an emphasis on congestive heart failure. The findings underscore the importance of further research into therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating adiponectin levels, particularly for individuals with diabetes and congestive heart failure. Understanding the dual nature of adiponectin's effects is critical for developing target interventions to improve cardiovascular outcomes in diabetic populations.
Statins and Type 1 Diabetes: Impact on Cardiovascular Outcomes and surrogates. Systematic Review and meta-analysis.
Feriz-Bonelo K, Corral P, Iriarte-Durán MB … +4 more , Gómez-Giraldo C, Nardelli N, Valderrama OA, Gómez-Ayala MC
Curr Diab Rep · 2025 Oct · PMID 41082048 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is the leading cause of death in patients living with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Dyslipidemia is a frequent risk factor in this population. Although statin th...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is the leading cause of death in patients living with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Dyslipidemia is a frequent risk factor in this population. Although statin therapy has demonstrated cardiovascular (CV) benefits in diabetes overall, specific evidence in T1D remains limited. This systematic review aims to evaluate the impact of statins on clinical and surrogate atherosclerosis-related outcomes in patients with T1D without established ASCVD. RECENT FINDINGS: Statin use was associated with a significant reduction in the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), with a pooled hazard ratio (HR) of 0.77 (95% CI: 0.70-0.84; low certainty), and a mean low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) reduction of 30.3 mg/dL (95% CI: -47.02 to -13.58; moderate certainty). Reductions in ApoB and non-HDL cholesterol were also reported. We conducted a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines. Searches were performed in PubMed, EMBASE, and Epistemonikos from inception to June 2025 using terms related to T1D, statins, and primary prevention. Eleven studies were included-nine randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and two cohort studies. Six (four RCTs and two cohorts) were eligible for meta-analysis of two primary outcomes; the remaining were summarized narratively. Statin use in T1D patients without ASCVD was associated with improved lipid profiles and reduced MACE. These findings support considering statins as a preventive strategy in this population, although prospective studies with hard outcomes are needed to better identify patients most likely to benefit.
The Effects of Obesity and Weight Loss Interventions on Bone Health: A Narrative Review.
Palermo A, Tsourdi E, Yavropoulou MP … +5 more , Naciu AM, Tabacco G, Makras P, Paccou J, Anastasilakis AD
Curr Diab Rep · 2025 Oct · PMID 41060517 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review explores the effects of obesity and weight loss on bone and musculoskeletal health. RECENT FINDINGS: Obesity is associated with lower bone turnover, higher bone mineral density (BMD) and re...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review explores the effects of obesity and weight loss on bone and musculoskeletal health. RECENT FINDINGS: Obesity is associated with lower bone turnover, higher bone mineral density (BMD) and reduced risk of hip and wrist fractures, although ankle and lower leg fractures may be more frequent. In contrast, weight loss increases bone turnover, especially bone resorption, reduces BMD, especially at cortical sites, and increases fracture risk, especially at the hip and wrist. Skeletal adverse events depend on the magnitude of weight loss and are more prominent following bariatric surgery. Changes in mechanical loading, loss of muscle mass, hormonal alterations, and nutrient/vitamin deficiencies are implicated. Emerging anti-obesity medications may have a positive effect on bone and partially compensate the negative impact of weight loss. Regular exercise, vitamin D supplementation, adequate calcium and protein intake can mitigate these effects. Identification of the effects of excess body weight and the benefit-to-risk balance of weight loss interventions on bone health may help improve clinical management of invididuals with obesity and related metabolic disorders.
A Scoping Review on Community-based Diabetes Screening Interventions: Paving the Pathway to Early Care and Prevention of Diabetes.
Zehra A, Gerstle D, Ali FM … +3 more , Ali M, Mejia-Lancheros C, Fazli GS
Curr Diab Rep · 2025 Oct · PMID 41045424 · Full text
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review mapped evidence on community-based screening interventions for early detection of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes (T2D), and identified barriers and strategies for developing and implementi...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review mapped evidence on community-based screening interventions for early detection of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes (T2D), and identified barriers and strategies for developing and implementing such interventions in community settings for diverse populations. RECENT FINDINGS: Using the Arskey & O'Malley and Levac frameworks, we conducted a scoping review that identified 33 studies across 13 countries that developed and tested a community-based T2D screening intervention, utilizing risk assessment and Point-of-Care (POC) glucose testing. Screenings occurred in settings such as pharmacies (21%), faith-based centers (6%), and mobile vans (6%), with most studies from the United States (42%), Australia (16%), and Canada (9%). Post-screening, 89% of interventions offered referrals to primary care, while few connected participants to community programming. Barriers and strategies were mapped to the socioecological model to guide future development and implementation of early detection interventions in community settings. This review identified key factors for successful community-based T2D screening interventions, including adequate resources (i.e., funding and personnel), community engagement efforts, and accessible, feasible screening of T2D in community settings. POC testing proved valuable for early detection through immediate glucose results that would prompt potential interventions. However, challenges remain in ensuring long-term sustainability and feasibility of such approaches, as many interventions encountered high attrition rates due to challenges with referral pathways to health care and community programs, structural inequities, and lack of sustainable follow-up processes. Future research should focus on evaluating the cost-effectiveness and sustainable integration of these community-based T2D screening approaches into health systems for broader impact.
A Narrative Review on Sleep and Eating Behavior.
Cheng WY, Chan WS
Curr Diab Rep · 2025 Sep · PMID 41026251 · Full text
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This narrative review synthesizes current evidence on the role of various sleep parameters-including sleep duration, sleep quality, sleep timing, social jetlag, and chronotype-in energy intake, macronu...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This narrative review synthesizes current evidence on the role of various sleep parameters-including sleep duration, sleep quality, sleep timing, social jetlag, and chronotype-in energy intake, macronutrient consumption, diet quality, and meal timing. We aim to evaluate whether existing evidence supports a causal impact of sleep on eating behavior and discuss the clinical implications of these findings for diabetes care and management. RECENT FINDINGS: The impact of short sleep duration on eating behavior is the most widely studied and supported by experimental evidence suggesting that reduced sleep duration increases energy intake and promotes poorer diet quality. Later sleep timing is also associated with increased energy intake and poorer diet quality, and may interact with short sleep duration in influencing eating behavior. Chronotype, social jetlag, and sleep quality have also been linked to eating behavior; however, findings in these areas have been predominantly observational and cross-sectional, and may be confounded by co-occurring influences from other sleep parameters. Given the strength of the evidence for the role of sleep duration in eating behavior, future studies should evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of sleep extension interventions for controlling energy intake and improving diet quality in patients with type 2 diabetes. Further research should also clarify and distinguish the independent and interacting influences of multiple sleep parameters on eating behavior, as well as the potential effects of eating behavior on sleep.
Targeting Metabolic Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease: The Role of GLP-1 Agonists in Body Weight Regulation and Neuroprotection.
Aviles-Olmos I, Espinoza-Vinces C, Portugal LR … +1 more , Luquin MR
Curr Diab Rep · 2025 Sep · PMID 41003884 · Full text
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review explores the role of GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) in addressing metabolic dysfunction and neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD), focusing on body weight regulation and neurop...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review explores the role of GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) in addressing metabolic dysfunction and neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD), focusing on body weight regulation and neuroprotection. RECENT FINDINGS: GLP-1 RAs modulate insulin signaling, reduce neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, and improve mitochondrial functional mechanisms linked to neuroprotection. Clinical trials show modest but sustained improvements in motor symptoms and suggest benefits in cognition, mood, and apathy. While GLP-1 RAs induce weight loss in diabetes, their metabolic impact in normoglycaemic PD patients appears limited. However, individuals with obesity or insulin resistance may experience enhanced clinical and cognitive outcomes. GLP-1 RAs offer a multifaceted therapeutic strategy in PD, targeting both central neurodegenerative processes and peripheral metabolic dysfunction. Their potential for disease modification and symptom relief, particularly in specific phenotypes, supports their further exploration as part of a personalized treatment approach.
Developing a Protocol for Management of Euglycemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis.
Cardona Z, Friedman JG, Kamal N … +7 more , Oakes DJ, Wallia A, Aleppo G, Brown S, Makowski CT, Ritter K, Szmuilowicz ED
Curr Diab Rep · 2025 Sep · PMID 40900206 · Full text
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (euDKA) has been described since the 1970s, however the incidence appears to be increasing in association with the increased use of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhib...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (euDKA) has been described since the 1970s, however the incidence appears to be increasing in association with the increased use of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) medications. Traditional hospital-based DKA protocols in which an insulin infusion is adjusted based on glucose levels are not effective in euDKA due to the presence of euglycemia which limits the capacity for insulin administration. This review was completed to review the data on euDKA and introduce a protocol for targeted management of this condition. RECENT FINDINGS: Data comparing euDKA outcomes to traditional hyperglycemia DKA demonstrate longer hospital length of stay and mean time to anion gap closure in euDKA based on current DKA management standards. Furthermore, the increase in prescribing SGLT2i medications thereby increases the risk of euDKA. At present, there are no reported protocols specific for euDKA and it is not directly addressed in the most recent guidelines issued by Endocrinology specialty societies. We created a protocol within our hospital intensive care unit to standardize treatment of euDKA using fixed insulin infusion and titration of dextrose-containing fluids. The protocol has been approved by our hospital regulatory committees and is currently being utilized in intensive care units. Future studies should review ongoing safety and efficacy of protocol use in various hospital settings.
Clinical Guidance for Lipodystrophy Syndromes: From Diagnosis and Work-Up to Treatment.
Gilio D, Foss-Freitas M, Oral EA
Curr Diab Rep · 2025 Sep · PMID 40892266 · Full text
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The goal of this review is to address the challenges in diagnosing and managing lipodystrophy syndromes. RECENT FINDINGS: Clinical and metabolic assessments, along with genetic analyses, are essential...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The goal of this review is to address the challenges in diagnosing and managing lipodystrophy syndromes. RECENT FINDINGS: Clinical and metabolic assessments, along with genetic analyses, are essential for tailoring medical care and providing appropriate genetic counseling. Efforts are underway to develop more objective diagnostic tools using imaging techniques or novel biomarkers. Leptin therapy has been a significant breakthrough for generalized lipodystrophy treatment; however, more effective treatments are still needed for partial and acquired forms. While gene editing and transcript modification strategies are being explored for specific forms of lipodystrophy, reducing the burden on adipocytes by lowering caloric intake remains a fundamental approach across all forms of the condition. As supporting data emerge, agents that reduce caloric intake may become integral to treatment algorithms. This review offers practical guidance for clinicians managing patients with lipodystrophy, highlighting advances in diagnosis, treatment, and ongoing challenges in clinical care.
Lipodystrophy Syndromes: One Name but Many Diseases Highlighting the Importance of Adipose Tissue in Metabolism.
Foss-Freitas M, Gilio D, Oral EA
Curr Diab Rep · 2025 Aug · PMID 40835790 · Full text
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review aims to introduce the latest developments in etiology and classification of lipodystrophy syndromes. RECENT FINDINGS: Recent developments in genetic assessment with deeper sequencing have i...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review aims to introduce the latest developments in etiology and classification of lipodystrophy syndromes. RECENT FINDINGS: Recent developments in genetic assessment with deeper sequencing have increased the number of specific etiologies of lipodystrophy with known single-gene associations. Despite this, more than 50% of patients diagnosed with partial and most of acquired lipodystrophy do not have a precise disease mechanism. Regardless of the cause of lipodystrophy, patients present with multiple important comorbidities. Complications impact not only metabolic endpoints but the entire body, akin to what happens in extreme obesity. As research advances, new subtypes of lipodystrophy are being identified, with recent studies shifting focus from adipocyte differentiation to the role of cellular structures, survival pathways, and immune regulation in the disease etiology. These metabolic diseases pose significant clinical challenges, underscoring the need for further research to understand the mechanisms more precisely, identify new subtypes, and develop targeted therapies.
Identity with Diabetes: Unpacking an Overlooked but Essential Dimension of the Diabetes Experience.
Commissariat PV, Helgeson VS, Wiebe DJ
Curr Diab Rep · 2025 Aug · PMID 40810917 · Full text
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW: Identity is a fundamental, but understudied, aspect of the diabetes experience. Diabetes imposes many life changes, which likely impact self-perception. The current review explores the concept of i...
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW: Identity is a fundamental, but understudied, aspect of the diabetes experience. Diabetes imposes many life changes, which likely impact self-perception. The current review explores the concept of identity with diabetes, implications for health, and processes to facilitate a positive identity. RECENT FINDINGS: Identity with diabetes has been explored as a dimension, process, and outcome. Research suggests the degree to which people integrate diabetes into identity is associated with diabetes self-management behaviors and psychosocial functioning, but glycemic outcomes are inconsistent. There is potential to support positive incorporation of diabetes into identity by targeting the physical, behavioral, emotional, and social implications of diabetes on the self. The current literature on diabetes identity is limited and varies in its conceptualization but consistently supports the need to positively integrate diabetes into identity to support health and well-being. Future research and practice should consider diabetes identity in order to understand and enhance the experiences of people with diabetes.
Review of Health Care Professional-Delivered Behavioral Interventions for Youth with Type 1 Diabetes.
Straton E, Perkins A, Maya G … +4 more , White S, Grundman J, Hilliard ME, Streisand R
Curr Diab Rep · 2025 Aug · PMID 40790285 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Health care professionals (HCPs), including physicians, nurse practitioners, nurses, diabetes educators, and dietitians, play a crucial role in recognizing and addressing behavioral and psychosocial co...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Health care professionals (HCPs), including physicians, nurse practitioners, nurses, diabetes educators, and dietitians, play a crucial role in recognizing and addressing behavioral and psychosocial concerns as part of comprehensive diabetes care. This review examines HCP-delivered behavioral interventions for youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D), highlighting their structure, outcomes, and opportunities for improvement. RECENT FINDINGS: Effective interventions were intensive, personalized, and family-centered, often incorporating motivational interviewing to address individual needs. In contrast, interventions with limited impact faced challenges such as low participation and difficulties maintaining intervention fidelity. HCP-delivered behavioral interventions show promise in improving both glycemic and psychosocial outcomes, yet barriers remain. Enhancing HCP training, intervention personalization, clinical integration, fidelity strategies, sustainability, accessibility, and interdisciplinary collaboration can strengthen future interventions. Refining these approaches will help optimize diabetes care, improve quality of life, and ensure more equitable access to behavioral support for youth with T1D and their families.
Optimizing Bone Health in Diabetes: Strategies for Fracture Risk Reduction in Public Healthcare.
Nagendra L, Agarwal K, Patra S … +9 more , Bhattacharya S, Gupta L, Talwar N, Rao A, Gupta A, Kamrul-Hasan ABM, Dutta D, Hiligsmann M, Chandran M
Curr Diab Rep · 2025 Jul · PMID 40690104 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: In this review, we explore the under-recognized burden of fractures in diabetes, focusing on resource-constrained healthcare systems. We examine the epidemiology, assessment methodologies, and manageme...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: In this review, we explore the under-recognized burden of fractures in diabetes, focusing on resource-constrained healthcare systems. We examine the epidemiology, assessment methodologies, and management approaches to osteoporosis in diabetes and discuss strategies to improve skeletal health outcomes. RECENT FINDINGS: Public healthcare strategies for fracture risk reduction in diabetes include educating healthcare providers, empowering patients, and integrating fracture liaison services for secondary prevention. Community-based awareness programs, digital health solutions, and screening tools such as FRAX® (with diabetes-specific adjustments) facilitate early identification and management. Policies supporting insurance coverage and cost-effective management strategies are likewise crucial. Diabetes-related bone fragility, characterized by altered bone quality and increased fracture risk despite relatively preserved bone density, creates a significant yet underrecognized health burden. Fracture prevention in diabetes is both a clinical necessity and an economic imperative. In this expanding cohort, multidisciplinary, policy-supported strategies can reduce morbidity, mortality, and costs associated with fragility fractures.
From Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus To Diabetic Cardiomyopathy - A Systematic Review On The Role Of MicroRNA.
Żarek-Starzewska A, Klimczak-Tomaniak D, Mądrecka A … +3 more , Sygitowicz G, Janiszewski M, Kuch M
Curr Diab Rep · 2025 Jul · PMID 40663215 · Full text
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a growing global health concern, and diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) affects up to 12% of individuals with diabetes, leading to myocardial hypertrophy, ventricular remodeling, a...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a growing global health concern, and diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) affects up to 12% of individuals with diabetes, leading to myocardial hypertrophy, ventricular remodeling, and contractile dysfunction, ultimately progressing to heart failure (HF). This review explores the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in DCM development and their potential as diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers. RECENT FINDINGS: MicroRNAs, short single-stranded non-coding RNAs, are key regulators of various pathophysiological processes in DCM. By modulating gene expression, they influence critical signaling pathways involved in inflammation, apoptosis, pyroptosis, oxidative stress, and fibrosis, all of which contribute to DCM progression. Emerging research suggests that miRNAs could serve as early-stage biomarkers for asymptomatic DCM and may offer novel therapeutic targets. This systematic review compiles current findings from both animal and human studies on the role of miRNAs in DCM. It highlights their potential in the early diagnosis and treatment of DCM, underscoring the need for further research to translate these insights into clinical applications.
Implementation Strategies to Address Cardiometabolic Disparities in Black Men: Lessons from Existing Research and Future Directions.
Hawkins J
Curr Diab Rep · 2025 Jul · PMID 40627251 · Full text
PURPOSE: Black men in the United States experience a disproportionate burden of cardiometabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes (T2DM), hypertension, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Despite these disparities, exist...
PURPOSE: Black men in the United States experience a disproportionate burden of cardiometabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes (T2DM), hypertension, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Despite these disparities, existing interventions often fail to address the shared risk factors, structural determinants, and implementation barriers that impact engagement and sustainability. This review applies implementation science frameworks to evaluate strategies for improving cardiometabolic interventions tailored to Black men. RECENT FINDINGS: Community-based interventions, culturally tailored health education programs, and peer-led models have demonstrated success in improving cardiometabolic outcomes for Black men. However, challenges such as medical mistrust, underrepresentation in research, and systemic barriers continue to limit their reach and sustainability. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) identifies multi-level barriers and facilitators, the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework assesses intervention impact, and the Framework for Reporting Adaptations and Modifications for Evidence-Based Interventions (FRAME-IS) highlights equity-driven adaptations. Applying implementation science frameworks provides structured insights into optimizing interventions for Black men by addressing barriers across patient, provider, and system levels. Key facilitators include culturally relevant adaptations, an inclusive healthcare workforce, and trusted community partnerships. Future research should integrate equity-focused implementation strategies to improve adoption, engagement, and long-term sustainability of cardiometabolic interventions for Black men.
Social and Structural Determinants of Lower Extremity Amputations in Diabetes.
Humphries MD
Curr Diab Rep · 2025 Jul · PMID 40601126 · Full text
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Lower extremity amputations (LEAs) are among the most severe complications of diabetes, with approximately 1.5 million procedures performed globally each year. This review explores the impact of social...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Lower extremity amputations (LEAs) are among the most severe complications of diabetes, with approximately 1.5 million procedures performed globally each year. This review explores the impact of social and structural determinants of health on amputation rates in diabetic patients, highlighting disparities driven by systemic factors. RECENT FINDINGS: Structural determinants such as healthcare policies and economic systems intersect with social factors, including access to care, racial disparities, and socioeconomic status, influencing amputation risk. Black patients with diabetes face up to a fourfold increased risk of major amputation compared to non-Hispanic white patients. Lower socioeconomic status is also strongly linked to higher amputation rates. Geographic and environmental factors, like food deserts and limited access to specialized care, further exacerbate these disparities. Emerging prevention strategies, such as telemedicine and mobile health units, demonstrate promise in improving access to care. Addressing disparities in LEAs requires comprehensive policy changes and targeted interventions. Future directions include leveraging artificial intelligence and precision medicine alongside community-based programs to reduce amputation rates in high-risk diabetic populations.
Evidence Gap and Knowledge Map of Early Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (eGDM) Screening in India: A Scoping Review.
Garg P, Jeet G
Curr Diab Rep · 2025 Jun · PMID 40586854 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Early Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (eGDM) is an emerging public health issue in India, characterised by varying prevalence estimates, healthcare access disparities, and inconsistent screening practice...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Early Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (eGDM) is an emerging public health issue in India, characterised by varying prevalence estimates, healthcare access disparities, and inconsistent screening practices. This scoping review aims to map the existing literature on eGDM screening in India, identify evidence gaps, and inform future research, policy formulation, and resource allocation. RECENT FINDINGS: The review, guided by the Arksey and O'Malley framework, includes studies published between 2000 and 2024 that highlight significant eGDM screening and management disparities across public and private healthcare settings, rural-urban locations, and socioeconomic groups. Several screening initiatives have been introduced, but challenges persist, including a lack of standardised diagnostic criteria, low healthcare provider awareness, limited accessibility of screening, and sociocultural barriers. Economic evaluations suggest that eGDM screening can be cost-effective, yet India-specific assessments remain scarce. The integration of eGDM screening within India's national healthcare programs, including NPCDCS, remains minimal. There is a significant gap in knowledge translation, with limited efforts in adapting research findings into policy and practice. Addressing these challenges requires robust policy and programmatic responses, including standardised diagnostic guidelines, improved healthcare provider training, equitable service access, and culturally sensitive community engagement. Strengthening research-to-policy pathways is critical to improving eGDM screening and outcomes across India.
From Prediction to Prevention: The Intricacies of Islet Autoantibodies in Type 1 Diabetes.
Khine A, Quandt Z
Curr Diab Rep · 2025 Jun · PMID 40553206 · Full text
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review synthesizes current knowledge on islet autoantibodies (IAs) as predictive biomarkers for type 1 diabetes (T1D), focusing on their role in disease staging, autoantibody patterns, advancement...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review synthesizes current knowledge on islet autoantibodies (IAs) as predictive biomarkers for type 1 diabetes (T1D), focusing on their role in disease staging, autoantibody patterns, advancements in screening methodologies, and the implications of implementing population-wide screening initiatives. RECENT FINDINGS: Autoantibody profiling has refined T1D risk stratification, with progression rates influenced by IA characteristics including number, type, order of appearance, and affinity. While screening efforts initially targeted genetically at-risk groups, approximately 90% of new TID diagnoses occur in individuals without a family history, underscoring the need for broader population-based screening. The approval of teplizumab, a therapy shown to delay clinical T1D onset, represents a paradigm shift by providing an intervention following early identification through screening. Technological advancements have further optimized IA detection and therapeutic strategies. However, challenges such as cost-effectiveness, implementation logistics, and assay standardization remain. T1D is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by progressive pancreatic beta-cell destruction, leading to insulin deficiency. The natural history of T1D is typically marked by the appearance of IAs long before clinical symptoms emerge, providing a window for early detection and intervention. Identifying at-risk individuals during this asymptomatic phase can reduce disease severity at clinical onset and facilitate timely application of disease-modifying therapies like teplizumab. Emerging evidence emphasizes that IA characteristics collectively shape disease risk and progression. Advancements in screening technologies and therapies continue to support the integration of IA screening into clinical care, marking a significant step toward effective T1D prevention and management.
About
- Frequency
- Sun
- Papers found
- 200
- RSS feed
- Subscribe