Curr. Diab. Rep. [JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Addressing Diabetes Distress in Primary Care: Where Are We Now, and Where Do We Need to Go?
Kostiuk M, Kramer ES, Nederveld A … +4 more , Hessler DM, Fisher L, Parascando JA, Oser TK
Curr Diab Rep · 2025 Jan · PMID 39825946 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Addressing diabetes distress (DD), the emotional demands of living with diabetes, is a crucial component of diabetes care. Most individuals with type 2 diabetes and approximately half of adults with ty...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Addressing diabetes distress (DD), the emotional demands of living with diabetes, is a crucial component of diabetes care. Most individuals with type 2 diabetes and approximately half of adults with type 1 diabetes receive their care in the primary care setting. This review will provide guidance on addressing DD and implementing targeted techniques that can be tailored to primary care patients. RECENT FINDINGS: Structured educational, behavioral, and emotion-focused techniques have promise for treating DD. These interventions are unlikely to require advanced training and can be feasibly integrated into primary care settings without creating additional burdens on time or resources. Interventional studies examining treatment for DD are limited, leaving a gap for clear direction and consensus on how to target and treat DD in primary care patients. This review consolidates recommendations and approaches from recent findings on how to treat DD within the context of primary care.
Impact of SGLT2 Inhibitors on Lipoproteins in Type 2 Diabetes.
Corral P, Nardelli N, Elbert A … +2 more , Aranguren F, Schreier L
Curr Diab Rep · 2025 Jan · PMID 39762665 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This article explores the cardiovascular effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with a particular focus on their impact on lipid...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This article explores the cardiovascular effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with a particular focus on their impact on lipid profiles. As evidence grows of the cardiovascular benefits of SGLT2i beyond glucose control, it is essential to better understand their effects on lipoproteins and their impact on cardiovascular disease. RECENT FINDINGS: SGLT2i have shown significant cardiovascular benefits in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, beyond their role in lowering blood glucose. Studies indicate that SGLT2i reduce major adverse cardiovascular events by impacting factors such as blood pressure, body weight, and arterial stiffness. However, their effects on lipid profile remain complex and somewhat inconsistent. Some research points to modest increases in LDL cholesterol, while others report shifts toward less atherogenic lipid profile, including reductions in triglycerides and small, dense LDL particles, and increases in HDL-C. SGLT2i represent a significant advancement in managing diabetes and associated cardiovascular risks, with benefits such as triglyceride reduction and HDL-C increase. While their impact on LDL-C remains controversial and varies across studies, the reduction of small, dense LDL particles may mitigate negative effects. This article highlights the need for future research to better understand the specific mechanisms behind lipid modulation.
Inpatient Hypoglycemic Rate Reduction Through the Implementation of Prescriber Targeted Decision Support Tools.
Odom J, Goldstein R
Curr Diab Rep · 2025 Jan · PMID 39754663 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Hypoglycemia has been shown to increase mortality and length of hospital stay and is now reportable to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services as a quality measure. The purpose of this article i...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Hypoglycemia has been shown to increase mortality and length of hospital stay and is now reportable to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services as a quality measure. The purpose of this article is to review clinical decision support (CDS) tools designed to reduce inpatient hypoglycemic events. RECENT FINDINGS: CDS tools such as order set development, medication alerts, and data visibility have all been shown to be valuable tools in improving glycemic performance. This is especially true for hyperglycemic events with mixed results in hypoglycemia prevention. CDS solutions may be targeted directly to healthcare professionals or to specialty diabetes management teams to reduce hypoglycemia. Not all organizations have the financial resources to develop a diabetes management team so non-interruptive alerts may serve as an important tool to alert health care professionals of individuals with additional risk factors for the development of hypoglycemia. CDS can provide a mechanism to reduce the risk of hypoglycemia in hospitalized individuals. Although new research is promising, more studies are needed to determine future directions including the impact and feasibility of continuous glucose monitoring and predictive models to improve overall glycemic performance.
Diabetes Care Disparities in Deaf/Hard of Hearing and Blind/Low Vision Populations.
Hughes AS, Mirus K, Heydarian NM … +1 more , Litchman ML
Curr Diab Rep · 2024 Dec · PMID 39738754 · Full text
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Describe the connection between Deaf/hard of hearing (DHH) and diabetes, explain the bidirectional relationship of blind/low vision (BLV) and diabetes, characterize challenges DHH and BLV populations f...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Describe the connection between Deaf/hard of hearing (DHH) and diabetes, explain the bidirectional relationship of blind/low vision (BLV) and diabetes, characterize challenges DHH and BLV populations face when seeking healthcare regarding their diabetes management. Highlight the inaccessibility of diabetes technology in these populations. Provide best practices when communicating with DHH and BLV people in the clinical setting. RECENT FINDINGS: Diabetes disparities exist in DHH and BLV populations due to systemic barriers to health equity related to access and communication. Structural barriers, risk factors, social determinants of health, and the U.S. healthcare system do not support the DHH and BLV communities. Importantly, healthcare professionals do not receive adequate training on communication and treatment of DHH and BLV populations. Together, social determinants of health, such as healthcare access and quality, education access and quality, and lack of adequate clinician training allow ableism to persist and drive health disparities in these communities. Health disparities faced by DHH and BLV populations are driven by barriers to diabetes standards of care. These inequities must be rectified to improve and maintain high quality care.
The Impact of Gestational Diabetes on Kidney Development: is There an Epigenetic Link?
Tortelote GG
Curr Diab Rep · 2024 Dec · PMID 39690358 · Full text
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review explores the mechanisms through which gestational diabetes mellitus GDM impacts fetal kidney development, focusing on epigenetic alterations as mediators of these effects. We examine the in...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review explores the mechanisms through which gestational diabetes mellitus GDM impacts fetal kidney development, focusing on epigenetic alterations as mediators of these effects. We examine the influence of GDM on nephrogenesis and kidney maturation, exploring how hyperglycemia-induced intrauterine stress can reduce nephron endowment and compromise renal function via dysregulation of normal epigenetic mechanisms. RECENT FINDINGS: In addition to metabolic impacts, emerging evidence suggests that GDM exerts its influence through epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNA expression, which disrupt gene expression patterns critical for kidney development. Recently, specific epigenetic modifications observed in offspring exposed to GDM were implicated in aberrant activation or repression of genes essential for kidney development. Key pathways influenced by these epigenetic changes, such as oxidative stress response, inflammatory regulation, and metabolic pathways, are discussed to illustrate the broad molecular impact of GDM on renal development. Finally, we consider potential intervention strategies that could mitigate the adverse effects of GDM on kidney development. These include optimizing maternal glycemic control, dietary modifications, dietary supplementation, and pharmacological agents targeting epigenetic pathways. Through a comprehensive synthesis of current research, this review underscores the importance of early preventive strategies to reduce the burden of kidney disease in individuals exposed to GDM and highlights key epigenetic mechanisms altered during GDM that impact kidney development.
Parental Psychosocial Variables and Glycemic Control in T1D Pediatric Age: A Systematic Review.
Costa V, Pereira B, Patton SR … +1 more , Brandão T
Curr Diab Rep · 2024 Dec · PMID 39680256 · Full text
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review aimed to summarize the evidence regarding the relationship between parental psychosocial (e.g., fear of hypoglycemia, stress and family conflict) and glycemic outcomes in children between t...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review aimed to summarize the evidence regarding the relationship between parental psychosocial (e.g., fear of hypoglycemia, stress and family conflict) and glycemic outcomes in children between the age of 1-10 years old. RECENT FINDINGS: Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) in young children can be very complex to manage for their parents since they are the main individuals responsible for T1D tasks. Also, parental psychological adjustment impacts children's glycemic outcomes. This systematic review was performed following the PRISMA guidelines. The search process was conducted in four databases from 2019 to 2024. From a total of 215 studies, 5 were included. We identified five studies that found direct associations between parental psychosocial variables and children's glycemic outcomes. These findings suggest a unidirectional perspective, evidencing the need to examine the longitudinal interplay between these variables. In sum, promoting parental psychological interventions may be fundamental for enhancing children's glycemic outcomes.
The Influence of Racial Discrimination as a Chronic Stressor on Type 2 Diabetes Risk and Self-Management Behaviors among Black Adults: A Scoping Review.
Ewen AM
Curr Diab Rep · 2024 Dec · PMID 39680244 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This literature review highlights the behavioral and biological mechanisms that link racial discrimination to type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk, self-management, and related complications in the Black populat...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This literature review highlights the behavioral and biological mechanisms that link racial discrimination to type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk, self-management, and related complications in the Black population in the United States. Next steps are discussed and include recommendations for disease mitigation. RECENT FINDINGS: Black Americans are exposed to high levels of stress, with many stressors rooted in racial discrimination, a psychosocial factor that inhibits positive behavior change and disrupts bodily systems and functioning. T2D is a largely preventable disease, yet Black Americans experience known structural and systemic barriers (i.e., structural racism) that profoundly impact diabetes onset and progression. While causal mechanisms that link racial discrimination and T2D have become a more recent focus of study, a dearth of research on racial discrimination-related stress, and the role it plays in the onset and self-management of T2D, remains. Identifying the structural and contextual factors, specifically racial discrimination, that influence diabetes risk and self-management among Black adults is important in closing the gap in health disparities. Findings on coping strategies adopted across the African diaspora are also warranted as policy makers, researchers, and clinicians work together to create an actionable path forward.
Mind in Metabolism - A Comprehensive Literature Review on Diabetes and its Connections to Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Schizophrenia, and Bipolar Disorder.
Cannon A, Jacoby C, Hughes AS
Curr Diab Rep · 2024 Dec · PMID 39652222 · Full text
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The co-occurrence of diabetes and mental illnesses such as bipolar disorder (BD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and schizophrenia creates significant barriers for both people with diabetes (PWD)...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The co-occurrence of diabetes and mental illnesses such as bipolar disorder (BD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and schizophrenia creates significant barriers for both people with diabetes (PWD) and their healthcare teams. This literature review provides an analysis of the relationship between diabetes and mental illnesses through exploring epidemiology, shared risk factors, and clinical implications. The aim is to enhance the understanding of these complex comorbidities to guide and improve future research and clinical practice. RECENT FINDINGS: Recent research suggests a strong link between mental illness, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes. Studies show that BD has a robust relationship with metabolic disease and the antipsychotic medications used in treatment for many mental illnesses are strongly associated with weight gain and metabolic disease. However, there is limited research exploring the bidirectional relationship that diabetes has with BD, schizophrenia, and OCD. While research exists on the link between diabetes and mental conditions such as depression and anxiety, little research has examined schizophrenia, OCD and BD. The findings noted in this review suggest gaps in treatment options, healthcare services, and social support. While this paper provides a foundation for future progress, advancement in this field will require a collaborative effort from researchers, healthcare professionals, and community outreach programs to effectively close the gaps in care noted in these patient populations.
Advancing Type 2 Diabetes Prevention through Text-Messaging Interventions: A Narrative Review.
Formagini T, Gonzalez CJ, Dias J … +3 more , Arredondo EM, Hekler E, O'Brien MJ
Curr Diab Rep · 2024 Dec · PMID 39630283 · Full text
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Text-messaging interventions effectively prevent and manage numerous health conditions. This scoping review evaluates recent literature on text-messaging interventions focused on diabetes prevention, h...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Text-messaging interventions effectively prevent and manage numerous health conditions. This scoping review evaluates recent literature on text-messaging interventions focused on diabetes prevention, highlighting their development, associated outcomes, reach, and potential sustainability. RECENT FINDINGS: A total of 28 studies met eligibility criteria and were included in this review. Text-messaging was often used as a primary intervention method, focusing on promoting weight loss through physical activity and dietary changes. Studies also explored hybrid approaches integrating text-messaging with in-person sessions or other digital platforms. Intervention development involved multi-phase content creation, often leveraging established diabetes prevention curricula. Studies generally reported high feasibility and acceptability, although effectiveness was mixed. Cost-effectiveness comparisons favored text-messaging over traditional in-person programs. Implementation strategies aligned interventions with existing healthcare workflows, facilitating scalability and integration into routine care practices. Text-messaging interventions demonstrate considerable promise but require further refinement to ensure their effectiveness, particularly in enhancing participant engagement to ensure effectiveness and sustainability. Future research should focus on refining intervention content, integrating interactive features, and expanding cost-effectiveness evaluations to support broader implementation in real-world settings.
A Review Article: The Relationship Between Obesity and Colorectal Cancer.
Nguyen L, Shanmugan S
Curr Diab Rep · 2024 Dec · PMID 39621160 · Full text
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This article aims to review the recent literature assessing the relationship between obesity and colorectal carcinogenesis, the effect of obesity on the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC), tools avai...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This article aims to review the recent literature assessing the relationship between obesity and colorectal carcinogenesis, the effect of obesity on the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC), tools available to help augment the increased risk, and outcomes for patients who are affected by both obesity and colorectal cancer. RECENT FINDINGS: The biochemical mechanisms contributing to CRC carcinogenesis are not well understood but are suspected to be related to adipose tissue leading to a pro-inflammatory state and changes in the gut microbiome. Individuals with obesity are at higher risk for CRC development, worse oncologic outcomes, and increased rates of post-operative complications. Bariatric surgery decreases CRC risk but results with GLP-1 agonists are heterogeneous. Prehabilitation is the only weight loss method that has been demonstrated to decrease risks of post-operative morbidity in this population. Obesity augments CRC risk and outcomes. There are persistent knowledge gaps in etiology and epidemiology for the increased CRC risk in obese patients and more research is required to identify the therapeutic advantage of weight loss on CRC risk.
Glucose Control During Labour and Delivery in Type 1 Diabetes - An Update on Current Evidence.
Ringholm L, Søholm JC, Pedersen BW … +3 more , Clausen TD, Damm P, Mathiesen ER
Curr Diab Rep · 2024 Nov · PMID 39576400 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To provide an update on diabetes management during labour and delivery in women with type 1 diabetes with focus on appropriate insulin administration, carbohydrate supply and use of diabetes technology...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To provide an update on diabetes management during labour and delivery in women with type 1 diabetes with focus on appropriate insulin administration, carbohydrate supply and use of diabetes technology to support safe delivery and neonatal well-being. RECENT FINDINGS: During active labour and elective cesarean section capillary blood glucose monitoring or continuous glucose monitoring at least hourly is recommended. Infusion with isotonic (5%) glucose can be given with adjustable infusion rate to address maternal carbohydrate requirements and to prevent maternal hypoglycemia. Subcutaneous insulin administration with multiple injections or insulin pump therapy is considered at least as safe and efficient as intravenous administration to obtain tight glycemic targets. Automated insulin delivery via insulin pump can be continued during labour and delivery. Diabetes management during labour and delivery involves intensive glucose monitoring, adequate insulin administration and carbohydrate administration to support safe delivery and neonatal well-being.
Beyond the Scale: Exploring the Endocannabinoid System's Impact on Obesity.
Akurati S, Hanlon EC
Curr Diab Rep · 2024 Nov · PMID 39543055 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review explores the role of the endocannabinoid system (ECS) in regulating energy balance, food intake, and metabolism, with a focus on how ECS dysregulation contributes to obesity. The goal is to...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review explores the role of the endocannabinoid system (ECS) in regulating energy balance, food intake, and metabolism, with a focus on how ECS dysregulation contributes to obesity. The goal is to provide insights into the mechanisms underlying obesity and its associated metabolic disorders. RECENT FINDINGS: Recent research indicates that the ECS significantly influences food intake, fat storage, insulin sensitivity, and inflammation, all of which are central to the development and progression of obesity. New research areas include the interaction between the ECS and gut microbiota, circadian rhythms of the ECS, and the impact of genetic and epigenetic factors on ECS function. Interest in the therapeutic potential of targeting the ECS has grown, with earlier treatments like CB1 receptor antagonists showing mixed results in efficacy and safety. Evidence from both animal and human studies highlight the impact of elevated levels of the endocannabinoids anandamide and 2-AG on food intake, insulin resistance, visceral fat accumulation, and metabolic disturbances associated with obesity. The review explores the interaction between the ECS and other physiological systems, including gut-brain communication, circadian rhythms, as well as leptin and ghrelin signaling. Additionally, genetic and epigenetic factors influencing ECS function are examined, emphasizing their contribution to obesity susceptibility. While therapeutic approaches targeting the ECS, particularly CB1 receptor antagonism, have shown potential in managing obesity, the review acknowledges the challenges posed by central nervous system side effects in earlier treatments like rimonabant. However, recent advancements in peripherally restricted CB1 antagonists offer renewed hope for safer and more effective obesity treatments. The review concludes by addressing future research directions and therapeutic strategies to combat this global health challenge.
NAFLD No More: A Review of Current Guidelines in the Diagnosis and Evaluation of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD).
Kaylan KB, Paul S
Curr Diab Rep · 2024 Nov · PMID 39535566 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Provide a concise update on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), formerly known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), as well as a practical approach to screening a...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Provide a concise update on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), formerly known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), as well as a practical approach to screening and initial evaluation. RECENT FINDINGS: Nomenclature changes have placed a greater focus on cardiometabolic risk factors in the definition of MASLD. Screening for MASLD is by stepwise noninvasive serum and imaging tests which can identify patients at risk for advanced fibrosis and liver-related complications. MASLD has been increasing in prevalence and disease burden but is underrecognized in primary care and endocrinology clinics. Multiple society guidelines, synthesized here, provide a framework for the initial approach in the diagnosis and evaluation of MASLD. Recent advances in pharmacologic treatment underline the importance of screening for patients who are at risk for advanced fibrosis as they are most likely to benefit from new drug classes, such as the liver-directed thyroid receptor agonist resmiterom.
Effects of Nicotinamide Mononucleotide on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials.
Chen F, Zhou D, Kong AP … +4 more , Yim NT, Dai S, Chen YN, Hui LL
Curr Diab Rep · 2024 Nov · PMID 39531138 · Full text
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Supplementation of nicotinamide mononucleotides (NMN) has been claimed to improve metabolic function. We reviewed human randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of NMN to evaluate its effect on markers of g...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Supplementation of nicotinamide mononucleotides (NMN) has been claimed to improve metabolic function. We reviewed human randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of NMN to evaluate its effect on markers of glucose and lipid metabolism. RECENT FINDINGS: Eight RCTs on NMN (dosage ranged 250-2000 mg/d for a duration of 14 days to 12 weeks) involving a total of 342 middle-age/older adults (49% females, mainly non-diabetic) reporting at least one outcome on glucose control or lipid profile published in 2021-2023 were reviewed. The random-effects meta-analyses indicated no significant benefit of NMN on fasting glucose, fasting insulin, glycated hemoglobin, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance and lipid profile. Based on the small number of RCTs involving mainly relatively healthy adults, short-term supplementation of NMN of 250-2000 mg/d did not show significantly positive impacts on glucose control and lipid profile.
Normal Weight Central Obesity and its Impact on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Bai J, Zhang Y, He L … +1 more , Zhao Y
Curr Diab Rep · 2024 Nov · PMID 39503788 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The aim of this review is to provide an updated commentary on the current literature examining the impact of normal weight obesity (NWO) and normal weight central obesity (NWCO) on type 2 diabetes mell...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The aim of this review is to provide an updated commentary on the current literature examining the impact of normal weight obesity (NWO) and normal weight central obesity (NWCO) on type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults. RECENT FINDINGS: Total 14 studies were included, comprising 9 cross-sectional and 5 cohort studies with 334,438 subjects. The quality of evidence was mixed. The pooled prevalence of NWO was 16.1% (95% CI: 12.7-19.4) and NWCO was 21.1% (95% CI: 12.2-30.1). The prevalence of NWO and NWCO higher in females and non-Asians. This review also showed that type 2 diabetes was significantly associated with NWO and NWCO (pooled OR: 1.82 [1.62, 2.04], p < 0.01, I2 = 64%). Subgroup analyses revealed consistent relationships between type 2 diabetes and NWO/NWCO across sex, region and definition approach. There was a relative high prevalence of NWO and NWCO, particularly in females and non-Asian populations. There was a consistent association of NWO/NWCO with type 2 diabetes. Implications for future research to guide intervention optimization in clinical practice and public health promotion are provided.
Implementation Science and Pediatric Diabetes: A Scoping Review of the State of the Literature and Recommendations for Future Research.
Price J, Hawkins J, Amante DJ … +2 more , James R, Haire-Joshu D
Curr Diab Rep · 2024 Oct · PMID 39470899 · Full text
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This scoping review aimed to identify implementation science (IS) research in pediatric diabetes, report integration of IS theory and terminology, and offer guidance for future research. RECENT FINDING...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This scoping review aimed to identify implementation science (IS) research in pediatric diabetes, report integration of IS theory and terminology, and offer guidance for future research. RECENT FINDINGS: Of 23 papers identified, 19 were published since 2017 and 21 focused on type 1 diabetes. Most involved medical evidence-based practices (EBPs; n = 15), whereas fewer focused on psychosocial (n = 7) and diabetes education (n = 2). The majority either identified barriers and facilitators of implementing an EBP (n = 11) or were implementation trials (n = 11). Fewer studies documented gaps in EBP implementation in standard care (n = 7) or development of implementation strategies (n = 1). Five papers employed IS theories and two aimed to improve equity. There is a paucity of IS research in pediatric diabetes care literature. Few papers employed IS theory, used consistent IS terminology, or described IS strategies or outcomes. Guidance for future research to improve IS research in pediatric diabetes is offered.
Impact of Digitally Enabled Peer Support Interventions on Diabetes Distress and Depressive Symptoms in People Living with Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review.
Yakubu TI, Pawer S, West NC … +2 more , Tang TS, Görges M
Curr Diab Rep · 2024 Oct · PMID 39470851 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To explore the impact of digitally-enabled peer support interventions on diabetes distress and depression for individuals living with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D). RECENT FINDINGS: We synthesized the results...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To explore the impact of digitally-enabled peer support interventions on diabetes distress and depression for individuals living with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D). RECENT FINDINGS: We synthesized the results of nine key studies from a review of 3,623 English-language articles published between January 2012 and January 2024. Three studies demonstrated significant reductions in diabetes distress, and two studies reported reductions in depression. Data were analyzed using a narrative approach, including thematic synthesis. This process was structured around the Behavior Change Wheel framework Effective interventions shared several common features such as (1) involved participatory development approaches, (2) included diabetes education, (3) lasted over a longer time, (4) designed with a psychological framework, and (5) utilized peer mentors. Studies showed that digitally-enabled peer support has the potential to improve diabetes distress and depression among people living with T1D despite heterogeneity in intervention approaches. Moreover, designing interventions with certain features may enhance key psychosocial outcomes.
Impact of Remnant Cholesterol on Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes.
Elías-López D, Wadström BN, Vedel-Krogh S … +2 more , Kobylecki CJ, Nordestgaard BG
Curr Diab Rep · 2024 Dec · PMID 39356419 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Individuals with diabetes face increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), in part due to hyperlipidemia. Even after LDL cholesterol-lowering, residual ASCVD risk persists, part o...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Individuals with diabetes face increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), in part due to hyperlipidemia. Even after LDL cholesterol-lowering, residual ASCVD risk persists, part of which may be attributed to elevated remnant cholesterol. We describe the impact of elevated remnant cholesterol on ASCVD risk in diabetes. RECENT FINDINGS: Preclinical, observational, and Mendelian randomization studies robustly suggest that elevated remnant cholesterol causally increases risk of ASCVD, suggesting remnant cholesterol could be a treatment target. However, the results of recent clinical trials of omega-3 fatty acids and fibrates, which lower levels of remnant cholesterol in individuals with diabetes, are conflicting in terms of ASCVD prevention. This is likely partly due to neutral effects of these drugs on the total level of apolipoprotein B(apoB)-containing lipoproteins. Elevated remnant cholesterol remains a likely cause of ASCVD in diabetes. Remnant cholesterol-lowering therapies should also lower apoB levels to reduce risk of ASCVD.
Technology-Based Interventions to Promote Diabetes Self-Management Behaviors for Persons Newly Diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes: A Scoping Review.
Owolabi EO, Boakye MDS, Omololu SO … +2 more , Smalls BL, Shaibi GQ
Curr Diab Rep · 2024 Dec · PMID 39352613 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) management is complex and requires daily personal involvement and self-management skills to maintain optimal glycemic levels and improve health outcomes. Engagement in self-manage...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) management is complex and requires daily personal involvement and self-management skills to maintain optimal glycemic levels and improve health outcomes. Engagement in self-management behaviors in the early years of diagnosis can be challenging due to prevailing psychosocial factors present during this critical transition period, coupled with a lack of information, support, and skills. Technology-based diabetes self-management interventions can improve access to needed education and support, and their effectiveness in the general T2D population is well documented. This scoping review synthesized evidence on the use of technology for promoting diabetes self-management behaviors and related outcomes among individuals newly diagnosed with T2D (within the first 12 months since diagnosis). RECENT FINDINGS: Twenty-five studies were included. Technology-based diabetes self-management interventions tailored to those newly diagnosed with T2D have grown exponentially in the past five years. Existing evidence, though limited, showed that technologies such as websites, mobile apps, and continuous glucose monitoring combined with other communication features, can facilitate patient education, patient-provider communication, and health data monitoring. However, these technologies less commonly involved social support functions. These technologies have the potential to improve diabetes knowledge and positively impact clinical, behavioral, and psychological outcomes. However, small sample sizes, use of non-experimental designs, and the absence of formative research and theoretical foundations limit the strength of existing studies. Technology-based self-management interventions for those newly diagnosed with T2D show promise in improving T2D-related outcomes. Future studies should include larger sample sizes, adopt rigorous study designs, and integrate formative work to enhance relevance, adoption, and impact.
Comparative Effects of GLP-1 Agonists, Sleeve Gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass on Diabetes Mellitus Outcomes.
Essop T, Tran K, Purdy AC … +1 more , Daly SC
Curr Diab Rep · 2024 Dec · PMID 39325334 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The purpose of this review is to assess the effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists, sleeve gastrectomy (SG), and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remissio...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The purpose of this review is to assess the effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists, sleeve gastrectomy (SG), and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remission. This review explores the efficacy, safety, and durability of these surgical and medical modalities of diabetes management. RECENT FINDINGS: Studies have shown that GLP-1 agonists achieve higher rates of T2DM remission compared to standard glucose-lowering medications and lifestyle changes. In addition to weight loss, bariatric surgery has been found to be highly effective in treating and inducing remission of T2DM. Studies suggest that post-surgical patients see enhanced glycemic control. Both surgical interventions and GLP1 agonists are effective in achieving T2DM remission. Long-term follow-up and randomized controlled trials comparing bariatric surgery and GLP-1 agonists are necessary to evaluate their relative effectiveness in T2DM control. Further research is also needed to assess the combined effects of these treatment modalities.
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