Jpn. J. Ophthalmol. [JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Comparison of refraction, presbyopia, and dry eye-related parameters between monofocal and multifocal contact lens users.
Ayaki M, Hanyuda A, Negishi K
Jpn J Ophthalmol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42240921 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: To investigate factors associated with multifocal contact lens (CL) use or prescription for presbyopia correction. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cross-sectional METHODS: Overall, 3264 CL users were assessed and ca...
PURPOSE: To investigate factors associated with multifocal contact lens (CL) use or prescription for presbyopia correction. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cross-sectional METHODS: Overall, 3264 CL users were assessed and categorized into three age groups; 40s (aged 40-49 years), 50s (aged 50-59 years), and 60s (aged 60-69 years). Refraction, near add power, dry eye-related parameters, and visual acuity were compared between monofocal and multifocal CL users in each age group. The odds ratios of factors for using multifocal CLs were calculated. RESULTS: Multifocal CL users tended to be older across all age groups and were more likely to be male, aged in their 40s and 50s, and have lower degrees of myopia and astigmatism. In the 50s and 60s groups, multifocal CL users also showed better CL-corrected visual acuity, smaller differences between best-corrected and CL-corrected vision, and less under-correction. Near addition of CL was significantly higher in multifocal CL users in the 40s group. Among dry eye-related parameters, multifocal CL users had higher Schirmer values in the 40s and 60s groups, longer tear break-up time in the 50s group, and fewer keratopathies in the 40s and 50s groups. Odds ratios for multifocal CL use were significant for age, spherical equivalent, and astigmatism across all age groups, Schirmer values in the 40s and 50s groups, and tear break-up time and keratopathy were significantly higher in the 50s group. CONCLUSION: Multifocal CLs were more likely to be prescribed for users with lower refractive errors and healthier ocular surfaces. The current findings may contribute to optimizing CL prescriptions and presbyopia management strategies.
Beyond the choroid: investigating scleral and iris thickness in the pachychoroid disease spectrum.
Akbas Ulman E, Degirmenci C, Nalcaci S … +2 more , Afrashi F, Akkin C
Jpn J Ophthalmol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42240920 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: To compare scleral, iris, and choroidal thickness in central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) within the pachychoroid disease spectrum, relative to healthy controls. STU...
PURPOSE: To compare scleral, iris, and choroidal thickness in central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) within the pachychoroid disease spectrum, relative to healthy controls. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective, case-control METHODS: Subfoveal choroidal thickness was evaluated using enhanced depth imaging (EDI) optical coherence tomography (OCT). Scleral thickness was measured 6 mm posterior to the scleral spur in four quadrants, while iris thickness was assessed at IT2000 (2000 µm from the scleral spur) in the nasal and temporal quadrants using anterior segment OCT (AS-OCT). RESULTS: A total of 160 individuals participated, including 40 PCV patients, 40 CSC patients, and their respective control groups. Choroidal thickness was significantly greater in the PCV and CSC groups compared to controls (p =.001). Scleral thickness values were higher in both groups; in the CSC group, differences were significant in the superior (p =.007), nasal (p =.003), and temporal (p =.006) quadrants, whereas in the PCV group, although values were higher across all quadrants, these differences did not reach statistical significance (p =.020-.047). Iris thickness was significantly higher in the nasal and temporal quadrants (nasal: p<.001, p=.014, temporal: p=.015, p=.009). In the controls, choroidal and iris thickness decreased with age and were positively correlated, whereas these relationships were not observed in the case groups. CONCLUSION: Choroidal, scleral, and iris thicknesses are increased in CSC and PCV patients compared to healthy controls. In the spectrum of pachychoroid disease, thick choroid is a known feature, however thick sclera and iris may also play an important role in the pathogenesis.
Comparison of one-year postoperative outcomes between PreserFlo MicroShunt and trabeculectomy in Japanese patients with open angle glaucoma: a retrospective cohort study using propensity score matching.
Katakami K, Sakamoto M, Okuzumi N … +4 more , Iwaki Y, Mori S, Yamada-Nakanishi Y, Nakamura M
Jpn J Ophthalmol · 2026 May · PMID 42217148 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: To compare one‑year postoperative outcomes between PreserFlo MicroShunt (PMS) and trabeculectomy (TLE) as primary filtration surgery in Japanese patients with open‑angle glaucoma using propensity score matching....
PURPOSE: To compare one‑year postoperative outcomes between PreserFlo MicroShunt (PMS) and trabeculectomy (TLE) as primary filtration surgery in Japanese patients with open‑angle glaucoma using propensity score matching. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective, single‑center observational cohort study. METHODS: Patients with open‑angle glaucoma who underwent stand‑alone PMS implantation or TLE at Kobe University Hospital were included. After applying exclusion criteria, 102 eyes in each of 2 groups were matched 1:1 using propensity scores based on age, sex, lens status, glaucoma subtype, preoperative intraocular pressure (IOP), number of glaucoma medications, and best‑corrected visual acuity (BCVA). The primary outcome was IOP at 12 months postoperatively. Secondary outcomes included longitudinal IOP changes, medication use, BCVA, corneal endothelial cell density (ECD), surgical success rates, postoperative complications, and additional surgery. Mixed‑effects models and Kaplan-Meier analyses were performed. RESULTS: At 12 months, mean IOP was significantly lower in the TLE group than in the PMS group (12.3 vs 14.1 mmHg, P = 0.042). Both groups showed significant IOP reduction from baseline. The proportion of medication‑free eyes did not differ between groups. BCVA worsened transiently after surgery and partially recovered but remained worse than baseline at 12 months, with no between‑group differences. ECD decreased modestly in both groups without significant differences. Surgical success rates were comparable across all criteria. Postoperative complications, particularly hypotony‑related events, were more frequent in the TLE group, and persistent hypotony was observed only after TLE. CONCLUSIONS: PMS demonstrated a more favorable safety profile with fewer hypotony‑related complications, whereas TLE achieved greater IOP reduction at 12 months. Surgical success rates were comparable. PMS may represent a less invasive option, while TLE may be preferable when maximal IOP lowering is required.
Ocular microvascular alterations in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.
Shinohara Y, Obokata M, Mukai R … +2 more , Nakamura K, Akiyama H
Jpn J Ophthalmol · 2026 May · PMID 42217147 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: To investigate ocular circulation characteristics and their association with cardiac function in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). STUDY DESIGN: Prospective observational stud...
PURPOSE: To investigate ocular circulation characteristics and their association with cardiac function in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). STUDY DESIGN: Prospective observational study. METHODS: This prospective study included 15 patients with and 15 individuals without HFpEF. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retinal thickness (CRT), central choroidal thickness (CCT), laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG), and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) were assessed. LSFG was performed to evaluate blood flow in the optic nerve head (ONH) and macula; OCTA was performed to evaluate macular microvascular parameters. Patients with HFpEF underwent echocardiography to evaluate their cardiac function. RESULTS: Mean blur rate (MBR), a blood flow parameter of LSFG, in HFpEF eyes was significantly reduced in the ONH and macula compared with individuals without HFpEF (p=0.0002; ONH, p=0.0012; macula). ONH-MBR correlated with E/e', a marker for left ventricular diastolic dysfunction measured using echocardiography (r=-0.67, p=0.011). The foveal avascular zone, measured using OCTA, was significantly enlarged in patients with HFpEF (p=0.018) and correlated with BCVA (r=0.58, p=0.0009). CRT and CCT in patients with HFpEF were significantly thinner compared with those in individuals without HFpEF (p=0.011, CRT; p=0.010, CCT). CONCLUSION: Ocular circulatory and chorioretinal structural changes may be detectable in patients with HFpEF using LSFG and OCT/OCTA.
Transient increase in flicker ERG amplitude preceding OCT-detected macular thickening in eyes with acute anterior uveitis.
Kato K, Mizumoto K, Nagashima R … +5 more , Momose M, Kashima Y, Mori S, Matsubara H, Kondo M
Jpn J Ophthalmol · 2026 May · PMID 42217146 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: To determine the changes in amplitude of the flicker electroretinograms (ERGs) and central macular thickness (CMT) during the acute phase of acute anterior uveitis (AAU). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case series....
PURPOSE: To determine the changes in amplitude of the flicker electroretinograms (ERGs) and central macular thickness (CMT) during the acute phase of acute anterior uveitis (AAU). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case series. METHODS: Flicker ERGs (RETeval) and optical coherence tomographic (OCT) images were recorded from the affected and fellow eyes at multiple examination times. The outcomes are expressed as a ratio of the affected-to-fellow eyes (×100). The time courses were modeled by polynomial regression (degrees 1-4) with model selection based on R, Akaike, or Bayesian information criteria (AIC, BIC), and the P values. The peak timing and uncertainty were estimated by patient-level cluster bootstrap resampling (B=2000). RESULTS: Eight eyes from eight patients (4 men, 4 women; mean age 48.8±15.8 years) underwent 3.3±1.0 paired ERG/OCT assessments. The ratio of the amplitudes of the two eyes had a significant nonlinear time course, and a 4th-degree model was best supported (R=0.411, P=0.021). Bootstrap estimated an amplitude peak at 11.8 days (median 11.9; 95% CI 10.2-19.0) with a peak value of 134.6%. The ratios of the implicit times were not significantly associated with the disease duration. The CMT ratio had a significant nonlinear time course and a 2nd-degree model was best supported (R=0.358, P=0.006). Bootstrap analyses estimated a CMT peak at 35.4 days (median 35.1; 95% CI 29.2-48.4) with a peak value of 108.6%. CONCLUSIONS: The flicker ERG amplitudes increase transiently around two weeks after the onset of AAU and subsequent macular thickening in the OCT images. These findings suggest that flicker ERGs may serve as an early functional retinal marker of subclinical posterior segment inflammation in eyes with AAU.
Genetic factors associated with response to as-needed brolucizumab treatment for exudative age-related macular degeneration.
Yoneyama S, Sakurada Y, Fukuda Y … +5 more , Shijo T, Kotoda Y, Kikushima W, Mabuchi F, Kashiwagi K
Jpn J Ophthalmol · 2026 May · PMID 42154379 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: To investigate the association between genetic variants susceptible to exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and the treatment response to as-needed intravitreal brolucizumab (IVBr) therapy. STUDY DES...
PURPOSE: To investigate the association between genetic variants susceptible to exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and the treatment response to as-needed intravitreal brolucizumab (IVBr) therapy. STUDY DESIGN: Interventional study METHODS: This retrospective study included 103 treatment-naïve eyes with exudative AMD. All eyes received three monthly IVBr injections (6.0 mg/0.05 mL) followed by a pro re nata regimen for 12 months. Seven major AMD-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms-ARMS2 A69S (rs10490924), CFH I62V (rs800292), CFH rs1329428, C2-CFB-SKIV2L rs429608, C3 rs2241394, CETP rs3764261, and ADAMTS9 rs6795735-were genotyped using TaqMan assays. The requirement for retreatment, the number of additional injections, and visual outcomes were compared across genotypes. RESULTS: Of the 103 patients, 68 (66.0%) required additional injections. The T allele of ARMS2 A69S was significantly more frequent in the retreatment group than in the retreatment-free group (65.0% vs. 42.9%, p = 1.9 × 10⁻) and remained independently associated with retreatment after adjustment for age, sex, and baseline visual acuity (p = 3.0 × 10⁻). Eyes with the TT genotype required significantly more additional injections than those with the TG or GG genotypes (2.4 ± 1.7 vs. 1.3 ± 1.6 and 1.3 ± 1.5, respectively; p = 5.0 × 10⁻). Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated a significant difference in retreatment-free survival among ARMS2 genotypes (p = 4.1 × 10⁻). Visual outcomes did not differ across any genotypes. CONCLUSIONS: ARMS2 A69S may serve as a predictor of recurrence and number of additional injections in as-needed brolucizumab therapy for exudative AMD.
One-year outcomes of treat-and-extend regimen with intravitreal aflibercept 8 mg for treatment-naïve neovascular age-related macular degeneration.
Matsumoto H, Hoshino J, Numaga S … +2 more , Asatori Y, Akiyama H
Jpn J Ophthalmol · 2026 May · PMID 42154378 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: To evaluate 1-year outcomes of loading phase treatment followed by a treat-and-extend (TAE) regimen with intravitreal aflibercept 8 mg for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). STUDY DESIGN: Retro...
PURPOSE: To evaluate 1-year outcomes of loading phase treatment followed by a treat-and-extend (TAE) regimen with intravitreal aflibercept 8 mg for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective, interventional case series. METHODS: We retrospectively studied 83 eyes of 80 consecutive patients with treatment-naïve nAMD, assessing best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), foveal thickness (FT), central choroidal thickness (CCT), total number of injections over 1 year, and intended injection interval at the last visit. RESULTS: Sixty eyes (72.3%) completed the 1-year aflibercept 8mg treatment. Their BCVA improved significantly, with significant reductions in FT and CCT, for up to 1 year. The total number of injections was 6.5±0.7, and the intended injection interval at the last visit was 13.4±3.3 weeks. Of the 23 eyes (27.7%) failing to complete the 1-year treatment, 9 (10.8%) developed non-infectious intraocular inflammation (IOI) associated with retinal vasculitis during the loading phase, leading to treatment discontinuation. Moreover, 7 eyes (8.4%) were switched to intravitreal brolucizumab due to persistent exudation with an 8-week interval of aflibercept 8mg injections in the maintenance phase. The remaining 7 eyes (8.4%) dropped out. CONCLUSIONS: Loading phase treatment followed by a TAE regimen with intravitreal aflibercept 8 mg appears to be effective for improving visual acuity and ameliorating exudative changes in eyes with nAMD. However, there might be cases in which exudative changes cannot be adequately controlled with injections of aflibercept 8 mg. Moreover, careful monitoring is required due to the potential development of IOI associated with retinal vasculitis during the loading phase.
Optic nerve head abnormalities in primary open-angle glaucoma and their associations with axial length.
Saito H, Wang W, Akiyama K … +5 more , Aoki S, Shirato S, Sakata R, Aihara M, Honjo M
Jpn J Ophthalmol · 2026 May · PMID 42101789 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: To determine the frequency of peripapillary retinoschisis (PRS), lamina cribrosa defect (LCD), peripapillary intrachoroidal cavitation (PICC), and prelaminar schisis (PLS) in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) e...
PURPOSE: To determine the frequency of peripapillary retinoschisis (PRS), lamina cribrosa defect (LCD), peripapillary intrachoroidal cavitation (PICC), and prelaminar schisis (PLS) in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) eyes and investigate their association with axial length (AXL). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cross-sectional METHODS: Optical coherence tomography scans of 263 POAG eyes were reviewed for PRS, LCD, PICC, and PLS. The frequency of each optic nerve head (ONH) abnormality was compared between eyes with and without high myopia (HM), defined as AXL > 26 mm. Associations with AXL were assessed using univariable and multivariable logistic regression, adjusting for gender, age, intraocular pressure, visual field mean deviation, circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and Bruch's membrane opening (BMO) area. RESULTS: PRS, LCD, PICC, and PLS were observed in 11.8%, 31.6%, 18.3%, and 55.1% of all POAG eyes, respectively. 77.2% exhibited at least one abnormality, and 31.2% had multiple abnormalities. PRS, LCD, and PICC were more frequent in HM eyes (p = 0.001, 0.016 and <0.001, respectively) and associated with longer AXL in univariable analysis (p < 0.001). Multivariable analysis showed that PRS significantly associated with longer AXL (p < 0.001) and that LCD and PICC significantly associated with larger BMO area (p = 0.009, < 0.001). PLS was more frequent in eyes without HM (p = 0.026) and significantly associated with shorter AXL (p = 0.005). CONCLUSION: ONH abnormality was common in myopic POAG eyes with substantial overlaps. PRS, LCD and PICC were associated with longer AXL and myopic ONH structural change while PLS was associated with shorter AXL. These findings will be a foundation for further studies exploring their functional relevance.
Comparison of physician-assessed and patient-reported outcomes of using azithromycin eye drops in the treatment of bacterial blepharitis.
Suzuki T, Nejima R, Inoue T … +7 more , Kaji Y, Hattori T, Hoshi S, Todokoro D, Eguchi H, Nakai M, Inoue Y
Jpn J Ophthalmol · 2026 May · PMID 42101788 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: To compare physician-assessed and patient-reported outcomes quantified with the Japanese Ocular Surface Disease Index (J-OSDI) following the treatment of bacterial blepharitis and to evaluate the utility of the...
PURPOSE: To compare physician-assessed and patient-reported outcomes quantified with the Japanese Ocular Surface Disease Index (J-OSDI) following the treatment of bacterial blepharitis and to evaluate the utility of the J-OSDI. STUDY DESIGN: Multicenter prospective observational study. METHODS: Physicians assessed symptoms and findings, calculating clinical total scores at baseline (T0), 7 (T1) and 14 (T2) days post-treatment with 1% azithromycin ophthalmic solution, and 1 month after discontinuation (T3). Patients self-reported symptoms using the J-OSDI at these times. The J-OSDI score trends and differences in temporal changes between the J-OSDI and clinical total scores were analyzed by use of a linear mixed-effects model. RESULTS: Forty-six eyes (46 patients; mean age, 71.8 years) were studied. The J-OSDI scores decreased significantly post-treatment for all the patients, with similar trends for both anterior and posterior blepharitis. For all the patients, the slope difference between the J-OSDI and clinical total scores was not significant in the T0-T1 period (P = .219), meaning that the J-OSDI scores reflected the clinical results, whereas it was significant in the T1-T2 (P = .004) and T2-T3 (P <.001) periods. The within-subject correlation between the 2 scores was 0.525 (95% CI 0.401-0.631). For anterior blepharitis, the slope differences were significant across all the periods, but for posterior blepharitis, no significant differences were observed in the T0-T1 or T1-T2 (P = .205, 0.06, respectively) periods, although significant differences were noted in the T2-T3 period (P = .018). CONCLUSION: The J-OSDI trajectory often diverges from physician-rated changes. Whilst the J-OSDI does not assess treatment response in anterior blepharitis, it may be partially reflective of improvement in posterior blepharitis.
Gender-based differences in work styles and career satisfaction in the retina subspecialty in Japan.
Maruyama-Inoue M, Okada AA, Nozaki M … +2 more , Terashima H, Miura Y
Jpn J Ophthalmol · 2026 May · PMID 42089904 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: To investigate differences in work styles and career satisfaction between women and men physicians in the retina subspecialty in Japan using a questionnaire survey. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. METHODS:...
PURPOSE: To investigate differences in work styles and career satisfaction between women and men physicians in the retina subspecialty in Japan using a questionnaire survey. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. METHODS: A web-based questionnaire was sent as an e-mail link to all 3,027 current members of the Japanese Retina and Vitreous Society in August 2023 with responses collected anonymously in September 2023. The questionnaire consisted of 4 main categories: baseline characteristics, job satisfaction, life events and career advancement, and suitability as a retina specialist and workplace gender equality. RESULTS: Valid responses were received from 614 members, representing a response rate of 20.3%. One-fifth of men (19.0%) were "very satisfied" with their job, much higher than the same for women (7.5%) (P < 0.001). Furthermore, there was a significant difference between men and women who "strongly agreed" or "agreed" that life events were an impediment to one's career (44.3% vs 74.9%) (P < 0.001). There was also a significant difference between men and women who answered "strongly agree" when asked whether they felt they were suited to work in the retina subspecialty (31.0% vs 13.4%) (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Our study identified and quantified marked differences in work style and career satisfaction between women and men. Such differences highlight gender-based challenges in the retina subspecialty that could be improved in order to enhance career satisfaction and career longevity of women retina specialists in Japan.
Fibrotic response after Baerveldt glaucoma drainage device surgery: an initial sight-threatening sign in eyes with refractory childhood glaucoma.
Kawashima R, Matsushita K, Kurashige M … +5 more , Matsui T, Motoyama Y, Fujino T, Morii E, Nishida K
Jpn J Ophthalmol · 2026 May · PMID 42068527 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: We report the pathological analysis of a postoperative fibrotic reaction as an initial sign of a sight-threatening complication observed during the 2-year outcomes follow up of Baerveldt glaucoma implant (BGI) s...
PURPOSE: We report the pathological analysis of a postoperative fibrotic reaction as an initial sign of a sight-threatening complication observed during the 2-year outcomes follow up of Baerveldt glaucoma implant (BGI) surgery in eyes with refractory childhood glaucoma. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case series. METHODS: Fifteen eyes of 10 patients with refractory childhood glaucoma underwent BGI surgery between 2013 and 2020 at the University of Osaka Hospital. Patients were followed for a minimum of 2 years postoperatively. We investigated the postoperative complications, and histopathologically analyzed the specimens obtained from three eyes with postoperative fibrous membranes on the irises. RESULTS: Nine eyes (60%) had a postoperative fibrous membrane around the tube or on the iris close to the tube, whereas two eyes developed a tractional retinal detachment. The pathological results indicated the tissues were eosinophilic fibrous scar tissues that did not have inflammatory or neoplastic lesions. CONCLUSION: BGI surgery was effective in patients with refractory childhood glaucoma. However, clinicians should be alert to the potential for development of fibrotic ocular inflammation in refractory childhood glaucoma eyes.
Double-encircling continuous suture technique for complete cyclodialysis: a consecutive case series.
Ueta T, Sakata R, Honjo M
Jpn J Ophthalmol · 2026 Apr · PMID 42060018 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of a novel double-encircling continuous suture technique for the surgical repair of complete (360°) cyclodialysis. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective interventional case series. METH...
PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of a novel double-encircling continuous suture technique for the surgical repair of complete (360°) cyclodialysis. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective interventional case series. METHODS: Medical records of seven consecutive eyes from seven patients with complete cyclodialysis treated at the University of Tokyo Hospital between 2022 and 2025 were retrospectively reviewed. The extent of cyclodialysis and postoperative anatomical outcomes were assessed using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT). Intraocular pressure (IOP) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were recorded both pre- and post-operatively. The surgical technique consisted of placing two laps of encircling continuous 10-0 polypropylene sutures at 3-4 mm and 2-3 mm posterior to the limbus. In phakic eyes, phacoemulsification with intraocular lens and capsular tension ring implantation were performed concurrently. RESULTS: Four men and three women with a mean age of 43.6 ± 25.4 years were included. Cyclodialysis resulted from blunt trauma (n = 3) or surgical complications (n = 4). Preoperative IOP ranged from 2 to 8 mmHg, and hypotonic maculopathy was observed in all cases. Postoperatively, anatomical reattachment of the ciliary body and resolution of hypotony were achieved in six of seven eyes (85.7%). All eyes demonstrated improved BCVA, though the improvement depended on comorbid conditions such as glaucoma, pathologic myopia, and bullous keratopathy. IOP transiently elevated postoperatively, and additional glaucoma surgery was necessary in two cases with a history of glaucoma. CONCLUSION: Reproducible safety and efficacy were confirmed for the double-encircling continuous suture technique in repairing complete cyclodialysis, yielding anatomical success and functional improvement.
Secondary corneal amyloidosis in a patient with Meesmann corneal dystrophy.
Qiu J, Li Y, Cai R … +1 more , Zhang C
Jpn J Ophthalmol · 2026 Apr · PMID 42053878 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Meesmann corneal dystrophy (MCD) is a rare autosomal dominant corneal disorder characterized by recurrent epithelial erosions. While secondary corneal amyloidosis (SCA) is well-documented in chronic inflammat...
BACKGROUND: Meesmann corneal dystrophy (MCD) is a rare autosomal dominant corneal disorder characterized by recurrent epithelial erosions. While secondary corneal amyloidosis (SCA) is well-documented in chronic inflammatory disorders, its occurrence in MCD has not been previously described. CASE: Here we first report a case of concurrent MCA and SCA, the diagnosis was confirmed through clinical evaluation, Anterior segment optical coherence tomography, in vivo laser confocal microscopy, and histopathological examination. Genetic testing identified a novel KRT12 mutation (c.1292G>C, p.R431P) in both the patient and her affected father, though the father exhibited no signs of SCA. CONCLUSIONS: SCA may develop as a rare complication in patients with long-standing MCD, potentially complicating the diagnosis.
Incidence and risk factors related to ocular adverse effects caused by S-1 chemotherapy.
Kamao T, Yamada M, Shiraishi A … +3 more , Sakai J, Ohashi Y, TS-1 study working group
Jpn J Ophthalmol · 2026 May · PMID 42032207 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: This study aimed to identify the incidence and risk factors of corneal disorders (CDs) and lacrimal passage obstruction (LPO) caused by S-1 chemotherapy. STUDY DESIGN: Multicenter prospective cohort study. METHO...
PURPOSE: This study aimed to identify the incidence and risk factors of corneal disorders (CDs) and lacrimal passage obstruction (LPO) caused by S-1 chemotherapy. STUDY DESIGN: Multicenter prospective cohort study. METHODS: This study included patients who were administered S-1 for the first time and underwent ophthalmic evaluations for 1 year during the treatment. CD was defined as an increase of >2 points in the National Eye Institute classification. LPO was defined as an abnormality in lacrimal irrigation. Risk factors were identified via univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: This study enrolled 126 men and 49 women with a mean age of 68.1 (30-87) years. Over a mean follow-up of 169.6 ± 127.3 days, the incidence rates of CD and LPO were 24.6% and 14.0%, with 1-year cumulative incidence rates of 37.0% and 25.9%, respectively. The risk factors for CD were no previous use of eye drops (hazard ratio [HR] 3.45, p = 0.0955) and tear breakup time over 5 s prior to S-1 chemotherapy (HR 1.86, p = 0.0535). The risk factors for LPO were male sex (HR 5.00, p = 0.0311), primary tumor other than gastric cancer (HR 2.27, p = 0.0666), previous use of eye drops for dry eye (HR 21.16, p = 0.0035), and previous visual disturbance (HR 2.89, p = 0.0303). CONCLUSION: The high incidence of CD and LPO among patients undergoing S-1 chemotherapy warrants close monitoring of those with identified risk factors, especially within the first six months of chemotherapy.
Challenge to the concept of surgical dose-response for moderate to large angle exotropia.
Suh SY, Meng Q, Tamhaney A … +1 more , Demer JL
Jpn J Ophthalmol · 2026 Apr · PMID 42032206 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: To determine whether the effect of three muscle surgery for moderate to large angle exotropia can be better predicted by surgical dosage, or by pre-operative exotropia angle. We examined cases where identical su...
PURPOSE: To determine whether the effect of three muscle surgery for moderate to large angle exotropia can be better predicted by surgical dosage, or by pre-operative exotropia angle. We examined cases where identical surgical dose was performed for a wide range of preoperative angles 30 to 55Δ. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective, interventional case study. METHODS: Patients with exotropia 30-55Δ who underwent bilateral lateral rectus (BLR) muscle recession 7 mm and 4 mm unilateral medial rectus (UMR) muscle plication between 2014 and 2024 were included. Surgical effect was analyzed by linear regression against the amount of preoperative exotropia, as well as total millimeters of recession and plication. Success was defined as less than 10Δ exotropia or 5Δ esotropia. RESULTS: Thirty-four patients were included with 32 ± 27 (standard deviation, SD) years mean age. Mean preoperative exotropia at distance was 42 ± 6Δ (range 30-55Δ), and 40 ± 16Δ (range 6-70Δ) at near. Surgical effect varied from 29Δ to 75Δ, averaging 42 ± 10Δ, giving a mean dose response of 2 ± 1Δ/mm. Linear regression showed that average surgical effect was equal to pre-operative deviation, accounting for 34-36% of variation in surgical effect. Success rate of this operation for all exotropia angles was 76% at 2 months mean followup. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical effect for moderate to large angle exotropia does not strongly depend on surgical dose, so that successful outcomes measured 2 months post-operatively are obtained by performing a numerically identical procedure regardless of the pre-operative angle exceeding 30Δ. Since outcome is attributable more to the biological response than to amount of surgery, pre-operative measurements require only sufficient precision to confirm that the angle is moderate to large.
Risk factors for tube exposure following Baerveldt glaucoma implantation and overlying tissue thickness assessed by anterior segment optical coherence tomography.
Murata N, Kojima S, Takihara Y … +3 more , Takahashi E, Nakashima KI, Inoue T
Jpn J Ophthalmol · 2026 Apr · PMID 42018117 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: We identified clinical factors associated with tube exposure following Baerveldt glaucoma implantation (BGI) and used anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) to assess postoperative tissue thickne...
PURPOSE: We identified clinical factors associated with tube exposure following Baerveldt glaucoma implantation (BGI) and used anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) to assess postoperative tissue thickness over the tube. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective, single-center cohort study. METHODS: In this single-center retrospective cohort study, 405 eyes underwent BGI (BG101-350) with preserved scleral patch grafts between October 2014 and December 2022. Tube exposure was documented through clinical records and slit-lamp examination. Risk factors were evaluated using Firth's penalized logistic regression. Overlying tissue thickness at 1 year postoperatively was measured via AS-OCT, and its association with clinical variables was analyzed using linear regression. RESULTS: The mean follow-up was 630.7 days, and tube exposure occurred in 12 eyes (2.96%). Neovascular glaucoma (NVG) (odds ratio [OR] 5.03, p = 0.033) and anterior chamber (AC) tube insertion (OR 6.07, p = 0.017) were independently associated with exposure. Overlying tissue was significantly thinner with AC insertion compared with ciliary sulcus or pars plana placement (Kruskal-Wallis with Bonferroni-adjusted Dunn's tests; AC vs sulcus, p = 0.039; AC vs pars plana, p < 0.001). Among eyes with AC insertion, prior micropulse transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (MP-CPC) was associated with greater tissue thickness (estimate 0.173; p = 0.032). CONCLUSION: AC insertion and NVG were associated with an increased risk of tube exposure after BGI. AS-OCT revealed thinner tissue over AC-placed tubes, providing a structural basis for this risk. Avoiding AC insertion may reduce exposure; the observed association between prior MP-CPC and thicker tissue requires prospective validation.
Vitrectomy for exudative retinal detachment in eyes with Coats disease.
Kanai A, Yokoi T, Koto T … +1 more , Inoue M
Jpn J Ophthalmol · 2026 Apr · PMID 42018116 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: To determine the effectiveness of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in treating eyes with advanced Coats disease with an exudative retinal detachment. STUDY DESIGN: Clinical investigation. METHODS: Retrospective and c...
PURPOSE: To determine the effectiveness of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in treating eyes with advanced Coats disease with an exudative retinal detachment. STUDY DESIGN: Clinical investigation. METHODS: Retrospective and consecutive series of 7 patients with Coats disease. All patients underwent PPV for an exudative or tractional retinal detachment. External subretinal fluid (SRF) drainage was performed for the extensive exudative retinal detachment. The demographics of the patients, surgical procedures, postoperative anatomical outcomes, changes in visual acuity, and complications are presented. RESULTS: Seven eyes of 6 male patients (mean age, 13.9 years) underwent PPV between 2017 and 2024. The PPV was performed with membrane peeling in 7 eyes, and external SRF drainage in 4 eyes. Two eyes required multiple PPVs. The retina was reattached in all cases, including one eye in which the retina was reattached with silicone oil tamponade and encircling buckling due to anterior proliferative vitreoretinopathy and hypotony. One eye developed neovascular glaucoma requiring a glaucoma tube-shunt implant, and cataracts developed in three eyes. The mean visual acuity at the baseline of 1.51 logMAR units was significantly improved to 0.88 logMAR units at postoperative 6 months (P = 0.028). CONCLUSION: PPV with dissection of the tractional membrane is a good option for treating exudative retinal detachment in eyes with advanced Coats disease; the treatment results in reattachment and improvement in the visual acuity.
Branch retinal vein occlusion in Leber hereditary optic neuropathy with onset at age 50 years or older: frequency and clinical characteristics.
Takai Y, Yamagami A, Inoue K … +2 more , Ishikawa H, Wakakura M
Jpn J Ophthalmol · 2026 Apr · PMID 42018115 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: To describe branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) observed in patients with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) with onset at age ≥50 years and to explore whether BRVO prevalence may be higher than age- and...
PURPOSE: To describe branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) observed in patients with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) with onset at age ≥50 years and to explore whether BRVO prevalence may be higher than age- and sex-matched general population estimates. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective observational study. METHODS: We reviewed 187 genetically confirmed LHON patients seen at a single center (1990-2024) and analyzed 39 patients with LHON onset at age ≥50 years. We summarized fundus findings, management, and longitudinal visual function. We also performed indirect standardization using age- and sex-specific BRVO point prevalence from the Hisayama Study to calculate the standardized prevalence ratio (SPR) for BRVO diagnosed before LHON onset; a sensitivity analysis used an ever-BRVO definition that also included post-onset cases. RESULTS: Four patients had BRVO. Three cases were diagnosed before LHON onset (SPR 3.88; 95% CI 0.80-11.34), and inclusion of one post-onset case increased the SPR to 5.17 (95% CI 1.41-13.25). Macular atrophy was present in two patients. All patients underwent laser photocoagulation and none received intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy. Longitudinal visual function generally showed persistent central visual field loss consistent with LHON, with some BRVO-affected eyes demonstrating additional nasal or inferonasal components at follow-up. CONCLUSION: In this older-onset LHON cohort, BRVO was observed in four patients and detailed case-level characteristics are presented. The indirect standardized comparison suggests a tendency toward higher standardized BRVO prevalence; however, this prevalence-based analysis is not adjusted for vascular risk profiles and should be interpreted as hypothesis-generating.
The potential role of the choroidal thickness-to-axial length ratio in primary angle-closure disease.
Suda M, Tsuru DV, Kashiwagi K
Jpn J Ophthalmol · 2026 Apr · PMID 42018114 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: To investigate the role of choroidal thickness (CT) in primary angle-closure disease (PACD). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. METHODS: This retrospective observational study included fifty-one eyes-thirteen wi...
PURPOSE: To investigate the role of choroidal thickness (CT) in primary angle-closure disease (PACD). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. METHODS: This retrospective observational study included fifty-one eyes-thirteen with acute primary angle-closure (APAC) with resolved glaucoma attack, twelve with primary angle-closure suspect (PACS), and twenty-six age- and sex-matched controls. Two blinded observers independently measured CT using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) at the subfovea and eight peripheral locations following the Margolis and Spaide method. In addition to routine ophthalmic examinations, the axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD), and lens vault (LV) were analyzed. Multivariable regression was used to identify associated factors, and the most effective parameters for discriminating PACD were investigated. RESULTS: Subfoveal CT (SFCT) was significantly greater in the APAC (293.4 ± 103.7 µm) and PACS (283.8 ± 71.9 µm) groups than in the control group (210.8 ± 77.2 µm; p < 0.05). AL and age were each independently negatively associated with SFCT (p < 0.05). The CT/AL ratio was significantly greater in both PACD groups than in the control group. This ratio demonstrates superior discriminatory performance compared with absolute CT values in distinguishing eyes affected by PACD from normal eyes. The combination of ACD and LV yielded the highest diagnostic performance (area under the curve: 0.96), with a similar level of performance observed for the combination of the AL and the CT/AL ratio (area under the curve: 0.93). CONCLUSION: Compared with normal eyes, eyes affected by PACD exhibit increased CT and a significantly higher CT/AL ratio. The CT/AL ratio, a novel anatomical index, may provide a normalized metric reflecting choroidal expansion relative to globe size and may serve as a potential structural marker for PACD risk assessment.
Efficacy of ripasudil-brimonidine fixed-dose combination in secondary glaucoma associated with uveitis: a retrospective study.
Miyao K, Imazeki M, Oyama T … +3 more , Nakai S, Kanda T, Takeuchi M
Jpn J Ophthalmol · 2026 Apr · PMID 42018113 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: To evaluate the intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering efficacy and treatment stability of ripasudil-brimonidine fixed-dose combination (RBFC) in patients with secondary glaucoma associated with uveitis. STUDY DESI...
PURPOSE: To evaluate the intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering efficacy and treatment stability of ripasudil-brimonidine fixed-dose combination (RBFC) in patients with secondary glaucoma associated with uveitis. STUDY DESIGN: Single-center, retrospective study. METHODS: Medical records of 50 eyes prescribed RBFC were reviewed and categorized into inflammatory ocular hypertension (OH; n = 19), steroid-induced OH (n = 18), and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG; n = 13). Clinical parameters-including IOP, visual acuity (VA), and medication score-were assessed at baseline, the first follow-up, and the final visit. RESULTS: In the inflammatory and steroid-induced OH groups, mean IOP decreased significantly from baseline and remained stable throughout the observation period (P < 0.001). VA was maintained with a slight, non-significant improvement, and medication scores remained stable, indicating sustained treatment efficacy without additional eye drops. One mild case of conjunctivitis occurred in the POAG group. CONCLUSION: RBFC was associated with significant IOP reduction in eyes with uveitis-associated or steroid-induced OH, without compromising visual function. These findings suggest that RBFC may be a useful therapeutic option for inflammation-related secondary glaucoma.
About
- Frequency
- Sun
- Papers found
- 200
- RSS feed
- Subscribe