Jpn. J. Ophthalmol. [JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Evaluation of 60 months long-term results of accelerated corneal cross-linking treatment in pediatric keratoconus patients with new progression indices.
Horozoglu Ceran T, Kosekahya P, Koc M
Jpn J Ophthalmol · 2026 May · PMID 41138021 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: To investigate the long-term efficacy of accelerated corneal cross-linking (CXL) with Belin ABCD progression display in pediatric keratoconus patients. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective observational cohort study. MET...
PURPOSE: To investigate the long-term efficacy of accelerated corneal cross-linking (CXL) with Belin ABCD progression display in pediatric keratoconus patients. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective observational cohort study. METHODS: This retrospective study included 40 eyes of 40 pediatric keratoconus patients who underwent accelerated CXL (10 min/9 mW/cm) and were followed at least 60 months after CXL. Corrected distance visual acuity, keratometry (K), anterior elevation, posterior elevation, asphericity, corneal densitometry, Belin/Ambrósio enhanced ectasia display and ABCD progression display values were recorded at baseline and 12 and 60 months after CXL. RESULTS: Iimprovements in visual acuity, gauged by regression in anterior curvature, progression in posterior curvature and corneal thickness, were observed using the ABCD progression display at the end of the 60 months follow-up. Significant improvements in K1, K2, maximum keratometry, anterior elevation and anterior asphericity values and significant worsening in the posterior elevation values were observed with topographical parameters. Significant thinning in pachymetric indices was observed with Belin/Ambrósio enhanced ectasia display. CONCLUSION: Accelerated CXL is efficient in pediatric keratoconus patients in halting the disease progression. Visual and keratometric stabilization continued over a long follow-up period of 60 months. Belin ectasia progression display may be very helpful in the longitudinal follow-up of pediatric keratoconus patients after CXL.
Transcriptome RNA sequencing reveals the global molecular responses and circRNA-miRNA-lncRNA interaction network in cataract.
Jing R, Yang Z, Ding Z … +2 more , Deng J, Ma B
Jpn J Ophthalmol · 2026 Mar · PMID 41128953 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: Cataract, a clouding of the intraocular lens leading to blindness, is the most common eye disease globally. While whether and how circRNAs function in cataract is not fully understood. STUDY DESIGN: Experimental...
PURPOSE: Cataract, a clouding of the intraocular lens leading to blindness, is the most common eye disease globally. While whether and how circRNAs function in cataract is not fully understood. STUDY DESIGN: Experimental study METHODS: We carried out circRNA RNA and lncRNA sequencing in a ribosome removal-specific transcriptome library. We then analyzed differentially expressed genes and their coding capacity. The enrichment results were visualized by use of the R ggplot2 package. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis was performed by use of the DAVID online tool. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCR) were performed to verify the RNA levels of the top differentially expressed genes. The target genes miRNAs of circRNAs were found in circAtlas, and the targeted lncRNAs of miRNAs were searched in ENOCRI. RESULTS: We identified 86 differentially expressed known circRNAs and 612 lncRNAs in cataract lenses by use of RNA-sequencing. Functional annotation revealed that differentially expressed circRNAs might function through the Wnt signaling pathway and that lncRNAs may be enriched in the metabolic pathways, Wnt signaling pathway, focal adhesion, and ECM-receptor interaction pathways. The RT-PCR verification results showed that 7 circRNAs and 7 lncRNAs were consistent with the RNA-seq data. Translation prediction showed high scores for has_circ_0026233 and has_circ_0006388. Finally, we found that the hsa_circ_0006388-AC008738.7-miR-378g network is probably the key regulator of cataract formation. CONCLUSION: This study identified the hsa_circ_0006388-AC008738.7-miR-378g network as possibly functioning in cataract formation, providing new intervention targets.
Macular hole following vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment: a comparative study of epiretinal membrane-related factors.
Lee JU, Oh SJ, Huh J … +1 more , Jo YJ
Jpn J Ophthalmol · 2026 Mar · PMID 41128952 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: To investigate macular hole (MH) development after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and identify epiretinal membrane (ERM)-related factors contributing to MH formation. STU...
PURPOSE: To investigate macular hole (MH) development after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and identify epiretinal membrane (ERM)-related factors contributing to MH formation. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case series. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on patients who underwent vitrectomy for RRD between January 2008 and December 2022 and subsequently developed ERM or MH requiring secondary surgery. Patients were categorized into two groups: ERM with MH progression (MH group, n=15) and ERM only (ERM group, n=25). Medical records were reviewed to identify potential risk factors including patient demographics, preoperative clinical findings, central macular thickness (CMT), and ERM characteristics using optical coherence tomography (OCT). RESULTS: CMT measured after ERM occurrence was significantly lower in the MH group (299.23 ± 69.56 μm) compared to the ERM group (445.8 ± 118.34 μm, p < 0.01). The MH group predominantly showed flat foveal contour, whereas the ERM group exhibited significant loss of foveal depression (p < 0.01). Epiretinal proliferation was observed in all MH group cases (100%) versus 24% in the ERM group (p < 0.01). The foveal crack sign was present in 73.3% of MH group cases but absent in the ERM group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Following successful RRD surgery, the occurrence of MH is a possiblity associated with specific OCT biomarkers. Our findings suggest that centrifugal tangential traction, distinct from conventional centripetal ERM formation, contributes to MH development after RRD repair.
Differential diagnosis and clinical predictors in suspected optic neuritis.
Mori S, Ueda K, Sakamoto M … +6 more , Yamada-Nakanishi Y, Matsumiya W, Miki A, Imai H, Kusuhara S, Nakamura M
Jpn J Ophthalmol · 2026 Mar · PMID 41128951 · Full text
PURPOSE: Rapid diagnosis and initiation of treatment are essential to improve outcomes for optic neuritis. However, many patients suspected of having optic neuritis may have different underlying conditions. This study ai...
PURPOSE: Rapid diagnosis and initiation of treatment are essential to improve outcomes for optic neuritis. However, many patients suspected of having optic neuritis may have different underlying conditions. This study aimed to investigate the spectrum of diseases in patients referred with suspected optic neuritis and to identify clinical factors associated with confirmed optic neuritis. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study METHODS: This study retrospectively reviewed 255 cases referred to Kobe University Hospital with suspected optic neuritis between January 2016 and June 2024. Cases were excluded if patients had a history of optic neuritis, encephalitis, or myelitis, were referred from non-ophthalmology departments, or resided outside Hyogo Prefecture. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors significantly associated with confirmed optic neuritis. RESULTS: Of the 206 eligible cases, 89 (43.2%) were confirmed to have optic neuritis. Other major diagnoses included anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (18.4%), space-occupying lesions such as intracranial tumors (11.7%), and retinal diseases or uveitis (10.2%). Logistic regression analysis revealed significant associations between confirmed optic neuritis and younger age, the presence of central scotoma, eye pain, decreased visual acuity, reduced critical flicker fusion frequency, and a shorter interval between symptom onset and consultation. CONCLUSION: Although 43.2% of suspected cases were confirmed as optic neuritis, a substantial proportion was attributed to other conditions requiring distinct diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. These findings emphasize the critical role of multidisciplinary collaboration and evidence-based protocols in managing patients with acute visual impairment.
Enhanced mitochondria-associated membrane formation in Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy: a novel link between endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.
Matusmoto S, Kadoya S, Horiuchi Y … +9 more , Okuda H, Miyadai K, Shima Y, Young RD, Quantock AJ, Schlötzer-Schrehardt U, Kruse F, Koizumi N, Okumura N
Jpn J Ophthalmol · 2026 Mar · PMID 41091319 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: To investigate the presence and characteristics of mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs) in Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) and to assess the relationship between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress...
PURPOSE: To investigate the presence and characteristics of mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs) in Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) and to assess the relationship between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and MAM formation in corneal endothelial cells, given the established roles of mitochondrial dysfunction and ER stress in FECD pathogenesis. STUDY DESIGN: Experimental laboratory investigation. METHODS: Corneal endothelial tissues from FECD patients and controls were examined by use of transmission electron microscopy to evaluate the ultrastructural features of mitochondria-ER contacts. An established FECD cell model was used for immunofluorescence colocalization analysis and protein expression profiling. Experimental models of protein misfolding (MG132) and direct ER stress induction (tunicamycin) were implemented to explore the relationship between ER stress and MAM formation. RESULTS: The FECD specimens exhibited extensive mitochondria-ER contacts with evident tethering complexes and distances reduced to <20 nm when compared with normal corneal endothelium. Quantitative analysis showed significantly increased mitochondria-ER colocalization in iFECD cells (P <0.01). The FECD cell model showed significant upregulation of MAM-associated proteins, including GRP75, Mfn1, Mfn2, Sigma1 receptor, VDAC, and IP3R. MG132 and tunicamycin treatments both increased MAM formation while activating all UPR pathways. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides the first evidence of enhanced MAM formation in FECD and identifies ER stress as a key driver of this structural change. While these findings suggest a potential role for MAMs in linking ER stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in FECD pathogenesis, further investigation is needed to clarify whether such changes are protective adaptations or whether they contribute to disease progression.
Treatment outcomes of patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration after switching from aflibercept to faricimab.
Oshima Y, Himeno N, Nakamura T … +4 more , Ando Y, Takaki N, Hirata M, Yamamoto A
Jpn J Ophthalmol · 2026 Mar · PMID 41091318 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) can cause vision loss and irreversible blindness. However, its treatment needs to be improved. This study aimed to evaluate the 1-year treatment outcomes in pa...
PURPOSE: Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) can cause vision loss and irreversible blindness. However, its treatment needs to be improved. This study aimed to evaluate the 1-year treatment outcomes in patients with nAMD after switching from 2 mg aflibercept to faricimab. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective observational study. METHODS: We included 83 eyes of 83 patients with nAMD who switched from 2 mg aflibercept to faricimab to extend the administration interval or eliminate exudative changes, with ≥ 1 year of follow-up. We retrospectively examined the 1-year treatment outcomes after switching, with the time of switching as the baseline. RESULTS: After switching, the mean log minimum angle of resolution best corrected visual acuity was significantly improved from 0.35 to 0.33 (p = 0.0498), and the mean central retinal thickness was significantly reduced from 302 μm to 237 μm (p < 0.0001). A significant reduction was observed in the incidence of subretinal fluid, intraretinal fluid, and subretinal pigment epithelial fluid (p < 0.05). The mean dosing interval was significantly extended from 5.58 weeks to 9.69 weeks (p < 0.0001). One year after switching, 66 eyes (80%) continued receiving faricimab, while 17 eyes (20%) were switched to other drugs owing to worsening exudation or other reasons. CONCLUSION: One year after switching treatment for nAMD from 2 mg aflibercept to faricimab, visual acuity and macular morphology were improved, and the treatment interval was extended. The study's findings could help develop strategies for improving nAMD.
Clinical course and efficacy of treatment with limbal-rigid contact lens wear for ocular sequelae in Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis.
Hasegawa T, Tomida D, Aketa N … +5 more , Uchino Y, Konomi K, Yamaguchi T, Satake Y, Shimazaki J
Jpn J Ophthalmol · 2026 Mar · PMID 41071482 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of limbal-rigid contact lens (CL) wear in patients with Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)-related ocular sequelae and to identify factors as...
PURPOSE: To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of limbal-rigid contact lens (CL) wear in patients with Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)-related ocular sequelae and to identify factors associated with visual acuity outcomes. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective interventional case series. METHODS: 20 patients (23 eyes) with stable SJS/TEN-related ocular surface disease underwent limbal-rigid CL therapy. Patients were stratified into two groups based on baseline best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA): Group 1 (logMAR >1.0, 16 eyes) and Group 2 (logMAR ≤1.0, 7 eyes). BCVA, subjective dryness scores, and objective ocular findings were assessed at baseline and at 1-, 3-, and 6-months post-initiation. Correlations between BCVA at 6 months and baseline ocular findings were analyzed. Bonferroni correction was applied for multiple comparisons. RESULTS: All patients completed six months of CL wear without serious complications. Group 1 exhibited significant improvement in BCVA, from 1.65±0.45 to 0.98±0.52 immediately after CL wear, with sustained gains throughout follow-up (P < 0.01). Group 2 showed stable BCVA with moderate early effect sizes that did not reach statistical significance. Significant improvements in subjective dryness were observed only in Group 1. A moderate correlation between BCVA at 6 months and upper tarsal scarring was noted, although it did not reach statistical significance after correction. CONCLUSIONS: Limbal-rigid CL therapy appears safe and effective for visual rehabilitation in SJS/TEN-related ocular sequelae, particularly in severe cases. Upper eyelid scarring may influence visual outcomes and warrants further investigation.
Assessment of paracentral stereopsis using a new method with the binocular open perimeter in patients with glaucoma.
Wakayama A, Nomoto H, Matsumoto C … +3 more , Utamura K, Narita R, Kusaka S
Jpn J Ophthalmol · 2026 Mar · PMID 41060505 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: To investigate paracentral stereopsis in glaucoma patients with localized visual field (VF) defects using a novel assessment method. STUDY DESIGN: A pilot study METHODS: Three glaucoma patients had an absolute s...
PURPOSE: To investigate paracentral stereopsis in glaucoma patients with localized visual field (VF) defects using a novel assessment method. STUDY DESIGN: A pilot study METHODS: Three glaucoma patients had an absolute scotoma (0 dB) in the superior visual field of one eye, with preserved inferior VF sensitivity bilaterally. Best-corrected visual acuity was ≥1.2 (≤-0.1 logMAR) and stereopsis was ≤120 arcseconds on a random dot stereograms (RDSs) test, without manifest strabismus. Paracentral stereopsis thresholds were measured using the Stereo Eccentricity Analysis (SEA) program implemented in the binocular open field imaging system imovifa. Seventeen test points within the central 15° VF locations, including the fovea, were tested with circular stereoscopic stimuli (200-3000 arcsec disparity) on a RDSs background for 500 ms, with size adjusted by eccentricity. RESULTS: The mean binocular sensitivity for the superior field with a 0 dB scotoma was comparable to the monocular sensitivity for the superior field of the normal eye. Despite the preserved binocular sensitivity, however, paracentral stereopsis could not be confirmed in the affected superior field. In the normal inferior fields of the two eyes, paracentral stereopsis was detected, and higher stereopsis thresholds were observed with increasing eccentricities. These results were observed in all three cases. CONCLUSION: In glaucoma patients, paracentral stereopsis was absent in the corresponding area of the VF defect regardless of the preserved binocular sensitivity. Its assessment may contribute to providing insight into functional vision loss beyond central stereopsis.
Initial clinical use of the intraocular endoscope holding robot in pars plana vitrectomy.
Kiyohara K, Ishikawa K, Yuge K … +3 more , Yamana S, Nakao S, Sonoda KH
Jpn J Ophthalmol · 2026 Mar · PMID 41042484 · Full text
PURPOSE: OQrimo is a robotic assistant system that supports vitreoretinal surgery by holding an intraocular endoscope or illumination device to assist the surgeon. In April 2023, Japan approved this system, and as the wo...
PURPOSE: OQrimo is a robotic assistant system that supports vitreoretinal surgery by holding an intraocular endoscope or illumination device to assist the surgeon. In April 2023, Japan approved this system, and as the world's first clinical institution to implement OQrimo, we aimed to evaluate its safety and clinical utility. RESEARCH DESIGN: Retrospective case series METHODS: The study analyzed all vitreoretinal surgery utilizing OQrimo at Kyushu University Hospital between December 1, 2023 and November 31, 2024. Data collection included patient demographics, preoperative diagnoses, surgical procedures, equipment used, surgical records, and perioperative complications. We analyzed OQrimo's safety profile and patterns of clinical use based on these data. RESULTS: Eight eyes from eight patients were included. Preoperative diagnoses included proliferative vitreoretinopathy, panuveitis, acute retinal necrosis, macular hole, and secondary glaucoma due to uveitis. The purpose of pars plana vitrectomy included silicone oil removal, vitreous biopsy, internal limiting membrane peeling, and Ahmed valve implantation via pars plana. OQrimo maintained stable endoscope positioning in all cases, enabling observation of the peripheral retina without scleral indentation. In seven cases, OQrimo's endoscopic visualization and a wide-viewing system were used simultaneously. No intraoperative or postoperative complications were observed in any case. CONCLUSION: We confirmed the safety of OQrimo during its initial clinical application. The system facilitated the observation of the peripheral retina using an intraocular endoscope without scleral indentation.
Role of perfusion-related metrics in visual field progression of primary open-angle and exfoliation glaucoma: a natural language processing approach.
Akagi A, Narimoto K, Ueda K … +3 more , Koizumi N, Okumura N, Tanito M
Jpn J Ophthalmol · 2026 Mar · PMID 41021166 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: To investigate the association between vascular factors affecting optic nerve perfusion and glaucoma progression in a clinical setting with systematic monitoring of blood pressure and intraocular pressure (IOP)....
PURPOSE: To investigate the association between vascular factors affecting optic nerve perfusion and glaucoma progression in a clinical setting with systematic monitoring of blood pressure and intraocular pressure (IOP). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. METHODS: This retrospective study analyzed 428 primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG; n=295) and exfoliation glaucoma (EXG; n=133) patients from Shimane University Hospital. We employed a validated Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT)-based natural language processing system to extract clinical data from electronic medical records of 36,561 visits, including blood pressure measurements, IOP, and medication details across 216 clinical parameters. Mixed-effects regression models were employed to identify factors associated with visual field mean deviation (MD) and the rate of MD decline. RESULTS: The cohort demonstrated consistent pressure management (median IOP: 13.0 mmHg; median systolic: 138.0 mmHg; median diastolic: 79.0 mmHg). Ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) showed no significant association with either visual field MD or the rate of MD decline. Significant predictors of worse visual field MD included age (coefficient: -0.28, 95% CI -0.33 to -0.23, p<0.001), history of filtration surgery (coefficient: -3.8, 95% CI -5.7 to -1.9, p<0.001), and number of glaucoma medications (coefficient: -0.19, 95% CI -0.35 to -0.030, p=0.020). Factors significantly associated with faster MD decline were age, initial MD severity, and medication burden. CONCLUSIONS: In a clinical setting with systematic monitoring, OPP provided limited prognostic value for glaucoma progression, while traditional clinical factors were stronger predictors. Our BERT-based approach demonstrates how artificial intelligence (AI)-powered data extraction enables comprehensive analyses of clinical records, offering new insights for routine ophthalmological care.
Clinical performance of a hydrophobic acrylic toric intraocular lens with a double C-loop haptics in Japanese patients.
Mori Y, Miyata K, Kojima T … +4 more , Ichikawa K, Fujita Y, Shiba T, Bissen-Miyajima H
Jpn J Ophthalmol · 2026 Mar · PMID 41021165 · Full text
PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical performance of a hydrophobic acrylic toric intraocular lens (IOL) with double C-loop haptics in a Japanese population with cataracts. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective METHODS: The PODEYE TORIC...
PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical performance of a hydrophobic acrylic toric intraocular lens (IOL) with double C-loop haptics in a Japanese population with cataracts. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective METHODS: The PODEYE TORIC IOL (POD T 49P) was implanted in 58 eyes from 42 patients diagnosed with bilateral cataracts with corneal astigmatism. Thirty-one eyes received IOLs with cylinder powers of 1.50 to 6.00 D (group A), and 27 eyes received IOLs with 1.00 D cylinder (group B). Uncorrected (UDVA) and corrected (CDVA) distance visual acuities, and refractive cylinder were examined postoperatively. The primary endpoints, which were the non-inferiority of UDVA in group A and superiority of the refractive cylinder in group B, were examined and compared with relevant previous data. RESULTS: In group A, the mean preoperative corneal astigmatism was 1.87±1.01 D and postoperative logMAR UDVA and CDVA were -0.023±0.110 and -0.102±0.079, respectively. There were 23 eyes (74.2%) with UDVA of 0.0 logMAR or better, while the refractive cylinder was - 0.39±0.39 D. In group B, the preoperative corneal astigmatism of 0.73±0.22 D and postoperative logMAR UDVA and CDVA were -0.074±0.091 and -0.096±0.075, respectively; 23 eyes (85.2%) obtained a UDVA of 0.0 logMAR or better. The postoperative refractive cylinder was -0.16±0.23D. The non-inferiority of UDVA in group A and the superiority of the refractive cylinder in group B were verified with previous data. CONCLUSION: The PODEYE TORIC IOL with 1.00-6.00 D cylinder powers and double C-loop haptics effectively corrected corneal astigmatism in Japanese patients after cataract surgery. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT04699266 (Clinicaltrials.gov).
Detection of a white cataract with elevated intralenticular pressure using an optical biometer based on swept-source optical coherence tomography.
Kamei S, Hashizume K, Kizawa J … +1 more , Kurosaka D
Jpn J Ophthalmol · 2026 Mar · PMID 41003897 · Full text
PURPOSE: To determine whether a white cataract (WC) with elevated intralenticular pressure (EWC) can be distinguished from one with normal intralenticular pressure (NWC) using an optical biometer based on Swept-Source Op...
PURPOSE: To determine whether a white cataract (WC) with elevated intralenticular pressure (EWC) can be distinguished from one with normal intralenticular pressure (NWC) using an optical biometer based on Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography (SS-OCT). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective observational study METHODS: Patients with a WC who had undergone phacoemulsification and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation at Iwate Medical University Hospital were enrolled. Using surgical videos, WCs with/without leakage of the liquefied cortex or bulging of the swollen cortex were classified as EWC and NWC, respectively. Both groups were compared in terms of age, sex, ocular comorbidities, various parameters, and the presence of characteristic appearances of the liquefied cortex on SS-OCT images. If the parameters were not measured appropriately, remeasurement using SS-OCT images were performed. RESULTS: Of the 48 patients with a WC, 26 eyes were classified as having an EWC, and 22 as NWC. There were significant differences in lens thickness (LT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), ΔLT, ΔACD (the differences in LT or ACD between the eyes with a WC and the fellow eyes, respectively), and age between an EWC and an NWC. ROC analysis showed that the AUC values of LT, ΔLT, and ΔACD were higher than 0.970. LT required remeasurement in approximately half of the WC, whereas ACD did not. Image evaluation for detecting an EWC had a sensitivity of 88.5% and a specificity of 90.9%. CONCLUSIONS: An optical biometer based on SS-OCT may detect an EWC using LT, ΔLT, ΔACD, and SS-OCT images.
Evaluation of corneal and anterior segment parameters in pediatric phenylketonuria.
Seyyar SA, Soysal GG, Hopurcuoğlu D
Jpn J Ophthalmol · 2026 Mar · PMID 41003896 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: To compare anterior segment parameters in healthy children of the same age with those in children with phenylketonuria (PKU). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective observational study METHODS: Data from 25 eyes of PKU pat...
PURPOSE: To compare anterior segment parameters in healthy children of the same age with those in children with phenylketonuria (PKU). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective observational study METHODS: Data from 25 eyes of PKU patients (study group) and 60 eyes of age- and gender-matched children (control group) were analyzed. The records reviewed included results from a comprehensive ophthalmic evaluation that each participant had previously undergone. This evaluation included refraction evaluation (spherical equivalent), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) testing, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, fundus examination, intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement, specular microscopy, and corneal topography measurement. RESULT: Forty-five (52.9%) age- and sex-matched participants were girls and 40 (47.1%) were boys. The percentage of hexagonal cells (HEX) was 65.53±8.17 in the study group and 69.75±4.19 in the control group (p=0.021). Flat keratometry (K1) was 41.70±1.54 D in the study group and 43.16±1.52 D in the control group (p=0.002). Steep keratometry (K2) was 42.55±1.83 D in the study group and 43.91±1.73 D in the control group (p=0.013). CONCLUSION: This study shows that patients with pediatric PKU have differences in the anterior segment parameters, including keratometric values and HEX, when compared with healthy controls.
Quality of life after cultured corneal endothelial cell transplant in patients with bullous keratopathy.
Yamamoto Y, Tomioka Y, Numa K … +5 more , Tanaka H, Imai K, Ueno M, Sotozono C, Kinoshita S
Jpn J Ophthalmol · 2026 Mar · PMID 40952553 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: Using the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire-25 (NEI VFQ-25), to evaluate vision-related quality of life outcomes in patients with bullous keratopathy after cultured corneal endothelial cell (C...
PURPOSE: Using the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire-25 (NEI VFQ-25), to evaluate vision-related quality of life outcomes in patients with bullous keratopathy after cultured corneal endothelial cell (CEC) transplant. STUDY DESIGN: Single-center prospective clinical trial METHODS: In this prospective, single-center study, 11 consecutive patients with bullous keratopathy underwent cultured CEC transplant. The NEI VFQ-25 was administered through in-person interviews by trained interviewers at baseline and at 24 weeks postoperatively. The NEI VFQ-25 comprises 12 subscales that assess different aspects of vision-related quality of life. Changes in composite and subscale scores were analyzed. RESULTS: The patients comprised 5 men and 6 women, with a mean age of 64.4 years (range 49-82 years). All the patients had pseudophakic bullous keratopathy, with Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy being the predominant underlying cause of disease (7 eyes). The NEI VFQ-25 composite score improved significantly from 61.8 ± 11.9 to 79.5 ± 8.0 (P <.01). Significant improvements were observed in general vision, ocular pain, near vision, social function, mental health, role limitations, dependency, and peripheral vision subscales (P <.05). General health, distance vision, driving, and color vision subscales showed minimal improvement. CONCLUSIONS: Cultured CEC transplant significantly improved vision-related quality of life in patients with bullous keratopathy. The comprehensive improvement across multiple NEI VFQ-25 domains suggests that this novel therapeutic approach may be a viable treatment option for corneal endothelial dysfunction.
Predicting the treatment-requiring retinopathy of prematurity using birth weight, laboratory data and continuous peripheral capillary oxygen saturation monitoring.
Toyama T, Zhou HP, Mihara G … +3 more , Nakajima K, Nagahara M, Hayashi K
Jpn J Ophthalmol · 2026 Mar · PMID 40952552 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: This single-center retrospective study aimed to identify independent predictors of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) treatment by integrating continuous pulse oximetry (SpO₂) data with comprehensive laboratory pa...
PURPOSE: This single-center retrospective study aimed to identify independent predictors of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) treatment by integrating continuous pulse oximetry (SpO₂) data with comprehensive laboratory parameters. STUDY DESIGN: Single-center retrospective cohort study. METHODS: We analyzed 244 neonates (gestational age < 34 weeks or birth weight < 1800 g) admitted between 2019 and 2023, excluding those with major genetic abnormalities. Logistic regression assessed associations between birth weight (BW), average SpO₂ at birth, hemoglobin (Hb), albumin (Alb), and selected inflammatory markers (e.g., neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio) with ROP treatment. Model discrimination was evaluated via receiver operating characteristic curves. RESULTS: Of the 244 infants, 16.8% required treatment (laser therapy or anti-VEGF injections). Lower BW and lower Hb were significantly associated with treatment (P <0.05). In the final multivariable model, BW and Hb emerged as key predictors (AUC = 0.884; accuracy = 88%), while Alb and inflammatory indices were not independently significant. Predicted treatment probabilities decreased markedly as BW and Hb increased. CONCLUSION: BW and Hb were primary predictors of ROP treatment necessity in this cohort, whereas Alb and inflammatory markers did not show independent associations. Incorporating continuous SpO₂ monitoring provided valuable respiratory insights. Further prospective, multicenter studies are warranted to validate these findings and refine ROP risk stratification strategies.
Detection of optic disc abnormalities using retro-mode scanning laser ophthalmoscopy.
Xiong J, Xie S, Lu H … +7 more , Chen C, Wang Y, Wang Z, Kamoi K, Yoshida T, Yasuda S, Ohno-Matsui K
Jpn J Ophthalmol · 2026 Jan · PMID 40938341 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: To determine whether retro-mode scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (RMSLO) can detect optic disc abnormalities in highly myopic eyes. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective clinical study. METHODS: Patients with high myopia w...
PURPOSE: To determine whether retro-mode scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (RMSLO) can detect optic disc abnormalities in highly myopic eyes. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective clinical study. METHODS: Patients with high myopia who had undergone RMSLO imaging and optic disc-centered optical coherence tomographic (OCT) examinations between July and September 2022 were studied. The existence and extent of the hyporeflective areas in the RMSLO images were determined. The OCT images were used to detect lamina cribrosa (LC) abnormalities, and the correspondence of the LC abnormalities to the location of the hyporeflective areas in the RMSLO images was determined. RESULTS: Thirty-eight eyes of 21 patients with high myopia were studied. The mean age of the patients was 58.6±12.3 years, and the mean axial length was 30.54±1.96 mm. Hyporeflective areas were detected on the optic nerve head in the RMSLO images in 37 eyes (97.4%). In these 37 eyes, OCT detected defects of the LC and enlarged LC pores corresponding to the hyporeflective areas. The maximum width of the LC abnormalities in the OCT images corresponded to the extent of the hyporeflective areas in the RMSLO images. CONCLUSIONS: RMSLO can obtain images with hyporeflective areas on the optic disc in highly myopic eyes that correspond to areas of LC defects observed in the OCT images. RMSLO imaging can detect the enlarged LC pores as hyporeflective abnormalities. We conclude that RMSLO is helpful in detecting abnormalities of the LC of the optic disc.
Correlation between visual function and corneal backscatter by Scheimpflug imaging or anterior segment optical coherence tomography in Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy.
Maeno S, Oie Y, Yamaguchi T … +11 more , Nishida N, Doi S, Fujimoto C, Asonuma S, Soma T, Koh S, Okumura N, Kawasaki R, Jhanji V, Maeda N, Nishida K
Jpn J Ophthalmol · 2025 Nov · PMID 40924317 · Publisher ↗
ABTRACT: PURPOSE: To evaluate the correlation between corneal backscatter and visual function in patients with Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD). STUDY DESIGN: Prospective case series. METHODS: This study includ...
ABTRACT: PURPOSE: To evaluate the correlation between corneal backscatter and visual function in patients with Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD). STUDY DESIGN: Prospective case series. METHODS: This study included 53 eyes from 38 patients with FECD. Corneal backscatter was quantified using light scattering (LS) via Scheimpflug imaging, and signal intensity (SI) via anterior segment optical coherence tomography. We measured corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) using the Landolt-C and Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) charts and contrast sensitivity function with sine wave grading chart by the area under the log contrast sensitivity function (AULCSF) and letter contrast sensitivity (LCS). RESULTS: Significant correlations were observed between LS and SI, particularly in the posterior 60 μm of the central 0-2-mm cornea. LS in the central 6-mm cornea was significantly correlated with CDVA (Landolt-C and ETDRS) or contrast sensitivity (AULCSF and LCS) in most layers or diameters. In the central 0-2-mm cornea, LCS and posterior LS had the strongest correlation (ρ = -0.58, P < 0.01), followed by AULCSF and posterior LS (ρ = -0.55, P < 0.01). In the central 0.5-2-mm cornea, anterior or posterior SI demonstrated significant correlations with CDVA (Landolt-C and ETDRS) and contrast sensitivity (AULCSF and LCS). AULCSF and posterior SI had the strongest correlation (ρ = -0.58, P < 0.01), followed by LCS and posterior SI (ρ = -0.56, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The corneal backscatter of the anterior and posterior central cornea of FECD is significantly correlated with visual function across both imaging modalities.
Association of work-family conflict with turnover intention among hospital ophthalmologists in Japan: a cross-sectional study.
Tsubota Y, Miyawaki A, Izumiya M … +4 more , Shimizu Y, Yasunaga H, Aihara M, Eto M
Jpn J Ophthalmol · 2026 Mar · PMID 40920278 · Full text
PURPOSE: To examine the associations between work-family conflict, implicit gender bias, and turnover intention among hospital ophthalmologists. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. METHODS: We conducted a web-based ques...
PURPOSE: To examine the associations between work-family conflict, implicit gender bias, and turnover intention among hospital ophthalmologists. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. METHODS: We conducted a web-based questionnaire survey between January and February 2024. The participants were full-time ophthalmologists working in 37 hospitals in the Kanto region of Japan. We assessed the associations between work-family conflict, implicit gender bias, and turnover intention using multivariable regression analysis, with adjustments for job fit and position. RESULTS: We analyzed data from 74 ophthalmologists (mean age: 41.5 years, standard deviation: 10.8; 51.4% women). The median intention to leave score was 2.50 (interquartile range: 2.00-3.00). Work interference with family was significantly associated with turnover intention (adjusted difference: 0.30; 95% confidence interval: 0.075-0.53; p=0.010). However, family interference with work and implicit gender bias were not significantly associated with turnover intention. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to examine the associations between work-family conflict, implicit gender bias, and turnover intention among Japanese hospital ophthalmologists. Work interference with family was associated with increased turnover intention but not with family interference with work or implicit gender bias.
Recurrence associated with 2-year visual acuity after subretinal tissue plasminogen activator for submacular hemorrhage in neovascular age-related macular degeneration.
Tanaka M, Miyata M, Hata M … +8 more , Ooto S, Tamura H, Kido A, Ueda-Arakawa N, Miyake M, Takahashi A, Muraoka Y, Tsujikawa A
Jpn J Ophthalmol · 2026 Mar · PMID 40920277 · Full text
PURPOSE: To identify predictors of the 2-year best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) after subretinal tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) injection for massive submacular hemorrhage (SMH) complicating neovascular age-related...
PURPOSE: To identify predictors of the 2-year best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) after subretinal tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) injection for massive submacular hemorrhage (SMH) complicating neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). STUDY DESIGN: A prospective, observational study. METHODS: This study included consecutive eyes with massive SMH and nAMD that underwent vitrectomy with subretinal tPA injection and follow-up for 2 years. We analyzed the correlation between the 2-year BCVA and other parameters, including baseline BCVA, SMH height, SMH size, and SMH recurrence. RESULTS: This study analyzed 20 eyes of 20 patients (72.5 ± 7.2 years). Two years after surgery, the mean logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) BCVA changed from 0.72 (Snellen equivalent, 20/105) ± 0.40 at baseline to 0.80 (Snellen equivalent, 20/126) ± 0.92. The BCVA did not change significantly during the 2-year observation period (P = 0.39). Compared to baseline, the 2-year BCVA improved in 11 eyes (55%) and declined in 6 eyes (30%) by more than 0.30 logMAR, including all five eyes with recurrence. The 2-year BCVA was correlated only with recurrence (P < 0.001, β = 0.85). CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that recurrence was a robust determinant of poor 2-year BCVA after vitrectomy with subretinal tPA injection for SMH complicating nAMD and that subretinal tPA injection was effective in most cases, without recurrence. Our findings highlight the importance of establishing methods for preventing and controlling recurrence to maintain long-term BCVA.
Rescue pneumatic retinopexy for recurrent retinal detachments due to superior retinal breaks following initial vitrectomy.
Takeuchi J, Koto T, Inoue M
Jpn J Ophthalmol · 2026 Mar · PMID 40920276 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical outcomes of pneumatic retinopexy (PnR) for a recurrent rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) due to superior retinal breaks following initial vitrectomy for a RRD. STUDY DESIGN: Clinic...
PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical outcomes of pneumatic retinopexy (PnR) for a recurrent rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) due to superior retinal breaks following initial vitrectomy for a RRD. STUDY DESIGN: Clinical investigations. METHODS: A retrospective study of 82 eyes of 82 patients who underwent vitrectomy by a single surgeon between November 2021 and March 2023. PnR was performed on 4 (4.9%) of 11 eyes that developed a recurrent RD. The PnR procedure involved injecting sulfur hexafluoride gas into the vitreous cavity while the patient was in the lateral or in the supine position. The patient was placed in the prone position after the injection, and then laser photocoagulation was performed. RESULTS: A retinal reattachment was achieved in all four eyes that underwent rescue PnR. The gas infusion volume during the PnR was 4.3 to 5.6 ml for cases in which PnR was performed in the lateral position and 1.0 ml for a case in the supine position. The duration of the gas tamponade was 15 to 21 days for patients who had PnR in the lateral position and 11 days for patients who had PnR in the supine position. The best-corrected visual acuity after the treatment improved in all patients. No serious complications were associated with the PnR. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that rescue PnR may be an effective treatment for a recurrent RRD due to superior retinal breaks after vitrectomy for a RRD to achieve retinal reattachment without reoperation or hospitalization.
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