Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep [JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Revisiting Functional Dysconnectivity: a Review of Three Model Frameworks in Schizophrenia.
Harikumar A, Solovyeva KP, Misiura M … +5 more , Iraji A, Plis SM, Pearlson GD, Turner JA, Calhoun VD
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep · 2023 Dec · PMID 37999830 · Full text
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Over the last decade, evidence suggests that a combination of behavioral and neuroimaging findings can help illuminate changes in functional dysconnectivity in schizophrenia. We review the recent conne...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Over the last decade, evidence suggests that a combination of behavioral and neuroimaging findings can help illuminate changes in functional dysconnectivity in schizophrenia. We review the recent connectivity literature considering several vital models, considering connectivity findings, and relationships with clinical symptoms. We reviewed resting state fMRI studies from 2017 to 2023. We summarized the role of two sets of brain networks (cerebello-thalamo-cortical (CTCC) and the triple network set) across three hypothesized models of schizophrenia etiology (neurodevelopmental, vulnerability-stress, and neurotransmitter hypotheses). RECENT FINDINGS: The neurotransmitter and neurodevelopmental models best explained CTCC-subcortical dysfunction, which was consistently connected to symptom severity and motor symptoms. Triple network dysconnectivity was linked to deficits in executive functioning, and the salience network (SN)-default mode network dysconnectivity was tied to disordered thought and attentional deficits. This paper links behavioral symptoms of schizophrenia (symptom severity, motor, executive functioning, and attentional deficits) to various hypothesized mechanisms.
Sleep Duration and Executive Function in Adults.
Sen A, Tai XY
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep · 2023 Nov · PMID 37957525 · Full text
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To review the literature examining the relationship between sleep and cognition, specifically examining the sub-domain of executive function. We explore the impact of sleep deprivation and the importan...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To review the literature examining the relationship between sleep and cognition, specifically examining the sub-domain of executive function. We explore the impact of sleep deprivation and the important question of how much sleep is required for optimal cognitive performance. We consider how other sleep metrics, such as sleep quality, may be a more meaningful measure of sleep. We then discuss the putative mechanisms between sleep and cognition followed by their contribution to developing dementia. RECENT FINDINGS: Sleep duration and executive function display a quadratic relationship. This suggests an optimal amount of sleep is required for daily cognitive processes. Poor sleep efficiency and sleep fragmentation are linked with poorer executive function and increased risk of dementia during follow-up. Sleep quality may therefore be more important than absolute duration. Biological mechanisms which may underpin the relationship between sleep and cognition include brain structural and functional changes as well as disruption of the glymphatic system. Sleep is an important modifiable lifestyle factor to improve daily cognition and, possibly, reduce the risk of developing dementia. The impact of optimal sleep duration and sleep quality may have important implications for every ageing individual.
Autonomic Manifestations of Long-COVID Syndrome.
Hira R, Karalasingham K, Baker JR … +1 more , Raj SR
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep · 2023 Dec · PMID 37947962 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Long-COVID is a novel condition emerging from the COVID-19 pandemic. Long-COVID is characterized by symptoms commonly seen in autonomic disorders including fatigue, brain fog, light-headedness, and pal...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Long-COVID is a novel condition emerging from the COVID-19 pandemic. Long-COVID is characterized by symptoms commonly seen in autonomic disorders including fatigue, brain fog, light-headedness, and palpitations. This article will critically evaluate recent findings and studies on Long-COVID and its physiological autonomic manifestations. RECENT FINDINGS: Studies have reported on the prevalence of different symptoms and autonomic disorders in Long-COVID cohorts. Autonomic nervous system function, including both the parasympathetic and sympathetic limbs, has been studied using different testing techniques in Long-COVID patients. While numerous mechanisms may contribute to Long-COVID autonomic pathophysiology, it is currently unclear which ones lead to a Long-COVID presentation. To date, studies have not tested treatment options for autonomic disorders in Long-COVID patients. Long-COVID is associated with autonomic abnormalities. There is a high prevalence of clinical autonomic disorders among Long-COVID patients, with limited knowledge of the underlying mechanisms and the effectiveness of treatment options.
Recent Developments in Blood Biomarkers in Neuro-oncology.
Foster JB, Koptyra MP, Bagley SJ
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep · 2023 Dec · PMID 37943477 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Given the invasive and high-risk nature of brain surgery, the need for non-invasive biomarkers obtained from the peripheral blood is greatest in tumors of the central nervous system (CNS). In this comp...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Given the invasive and high-risk nature of brain surgery, the need for non-invasive biomarkers obtained from the peripheral blood is greatest in tumors of the central nervous system (CNS). In this comprehensive review, we highlight recent advances in blood biomarker development for adult and pediatric brain tumors. RECENT FINDINGS: We summarize recent blood biomarker development for CNS tumors across multiple key analytes, including peripheral blood mononuclear cells, cell-free DNA, cell-free RNA, proteomics, circulating tumor cells, and tumor-educated platelets. We also discuss methods for enhancing blood biomarker detection through transient opening of the blood-brain barrier. Although blood-based biomarkers are not yet used in routine neuro-oncology practice, this field is advancing rapidly and holds great promise for improved and non-invasive management of patients with brain tumors. Prospective and adequately powered studies are needed to confirm the clinical utility of any blood biomarker prior to widespread clinical implementation.
Recent Advances in Pediatric Medulloblastoma.
Jackson K, Packer RJ
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep · 2023 Dec · PMID 37943476 · Full text
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Review recent advances in the understanding of pediatric medulloblastoma including etiology, biology, radiology, and management of pediatric medulloblastoma. RECENT FINDINGS: The classic four subgroups...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Review recent advances in the understanding of pediatric medulloblastoma including etiology, biology, radiology, and management of pediatric medulloblastoma. RECENT FINDINGS: The classic four subgroups have been reclassified and further subdivided based on new molecular findings. Research is revealing the cell origins of the different subtypes of medulloblastoma. There has been continued personalization of management based on molecular parameters. While many advances have been made in the knowledge base of this most common malignant pediatric brain tumor, there has not yet been translation into more effective therapies to prolong survival in all subgroups with the possible exception of children with group 3 disease. Quality of life remains a major challenge for long-term survivors.
Neurotoxicity of Cancer Immunotherapies Including CAR T Cell Therapy.
Song KW, Scott BJ, Lee EQ
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep · 2023 Dec · PMID 37938472 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To outline the spectrum of neurotoxicity seen with approved immunotherapies and in pivotal clinical trials including immune checkpoint inhibitors, chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy, vaccine ther...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To outline the spectrum of neurotoxicity seen with approved immunotherapies and in pivotal clinical trials including immune checkpoint inhibitors, chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy, vaccine therapy, and oncolytic viruses. RECENT FINDINGS: There has been an exponential growth in new immunotherapies, which has transformed the landscape of oncology treatment. With more widespread use of cancer immunotherapies, there have also been advances in characterization of its associated neurotoxicity, research into potential underlying mechanisms, and development of management guidelines. Increasingly, there is also mounting interest in long-term neurologic sequelae. Neurologic complications of immunotherapy can impact every aspect of the central and peripheral nervous system. Early recognition and treatment are critical. Expanding indications for immunotherapy to solid and CNS tumors has led to new challenges, such as how to reliably distinguish neurotoxicity from disease progression. Our evolving understanding of immunotherapy neurotoxicity highlights important areas for future research and the need for novel immunomodulatory therapeutics.
Advances in Treatment of Diffuse Midline Gliomas.
Cacciotti C, Wright KD
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep · 2023 Dec · PMID 37921944 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs) generally carry a poor prognosis, occur during childhood, and involve midline structures of the central nervous system, including the thalamus, pons, and spinal cord. REC...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs) generally carry a poor prognosis, occur during childhood, and involve midline structures of the central nervous system, including the thalamus, pons, and spinal cord. RECENT FINDINGS: To date, irradiation has been shown to be the only beneficial treatment for DMG. Various genetic modifications have been shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of this disease. Current treatment strategies span targeting epigenetic dysregulation, cell cycle, specific genetic alterations, and the immune microenvironment. Herein, we review the complex features of this disease as it relates to current and past therapeutic approaches.
Updates in Parkinson's Disease Integrative Therapies: an Evidence-Based Review.
Kola S, Subramanian I
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep · 2023 Nov · PMID 37921943 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review summarizes recent evidence-based integrative therapies for Parkinson's disease (PD) that may improve motor and non-motor symptoms, enhance quality of life, and alter disease progression. RE...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review summarizes recent evidence-based integrative therapies for Parkinson's disease (PD) that may improve motor and non-motor symptoms, enhance quality of life, and alter disease progression. RECENT FINDINGS: Imaging studies have demonstrated that aerobic exercise changes brain structure and function, while strength training improves posture and balance. Loneliness is associated with worsening PD severity, but social prescribing and cognitive behavioral therapy may effectively foster connections. Ayurvedic and traditional Chinese medicine practices including yoga, meditation, tai chi, and acupuncture may help improve mobility, mood, sleep, and quality of life. Art therapy enhances visuospatial skills, whereas music and dance therapy can alleviate freezing of gait. Several studies demonstrate successful use of these integrative strategies virtually, thereby improving patient accessibility and participation. PD management has broadened to include integrative approaches combining conventional and complementary therapies. Potential benefits of movement, nutrition, sleep, socialization, and mind-body practices have been confirmed with several recent randomized controlled trials.
Disparities in Neuro-Oncology.
Michaelson NM, Watsula A, Bakare-Okpala A … +3 more , Mohamadpour M, Chukwueke UN, Budhu JA
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep · 2023 Dec · PMID 37889427 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSEOF REVIEW: Health disparities are preventable differences in the diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes of many diseases, including central nervous system (CNS) tumors. This review will summarize and compile the exist...
PURPOSEOF REVIEW: Health disparities are preventable differences in the diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes of many diseases, including central nervous system (CNS) tumors. This review will summarize and compile the existing literature on health disparities in neuro-oncology and provide directions for future research and interventions. RECENT FINDINGS: Patients from historically marginalized groups are more likely to receive inadequate treatment, develop complications, and experience a shorter life expectancy. Financial toxicity can be particularly severe for patients with CNS tumors due to the high costs of treatment. Additionally, CNS clinical trials and research lack diverse representation.
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Patients with Pre-existing Neurologic Autoimmune Disorders.
Aoun R, Gratch D, Kaminetzky D … +1 more , Kister I
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep · 2023 Nov · PMID 37870664 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for oncologic indications is associated with immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Patients with pre-existing autoimmune diseases are at increased risk o...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for oncologic indications is associated with immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Patients with pre-existing autoimmune diseases are at increased risk of irAEs and have largely been excluded from clinical trials of ICIs. Therefore, there is limited data on the safety of safety of ICIs in patients with pre-existing neurologic autoimmune diseases (nAIDs) such as myasthenia gravis and multiple sclerosis. This review aims to synthesize the literature on the post-marketing experience with ICI in patients with pre-existing nAID and to discuss possible strategies for mitigating the risk of post-ICI nAID relapses. RECENT FINDINGS: Patients with pre-existing myasthenia gravis (MG), myositis, and paraneoplastic encephalitis appear highly susceptible to neurologic relapses of their underlying neurologic disorder following ICI initiation; these relapses can cause considerable morbidity and mortality. In patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), the risk and severity of MS relapses following ICI appears to be relatively lower compared to MG. Preliminary evidence suggests that older MS patients with no recent focal neuroinflammatory activity may be safely treated with ICI. Among the several case reports of ICI in patients with a history of Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS), neurologic worsening was only recorded in one patient who was in the acute phase of GBS at the time of ICI start. Initiating an ICI in a patient with pre-existing nAID involves a complex risk-benefit discussion between the patient, their oncologist, and neurologist. Relevant issues to consider before ICI include the choice of disease-modifying therapy for nAID (if any) and strategies for promptly identifying and managing nAID relapses should they occur. Currently, the literature consists mainly of case reports and case series, subject to publication bias. Prospective studies of ICI in patients with nAID are needed to improve the level of evidence.
Neurological Complications Associated with Hereditary Bleeding Disorders.
Bhatti MQ, Gonzalez-Fernandez E, Bhatia K … +4 more , Divani AA, Di Napoli M, Hinduja A, Datta YH
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep · 2023 Nov · PMID 37864642 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Hereditary bleeding disorders may have a wide variety of clinical presentations ranging from mild mucosal and joint bleeding to severe central nervous system (CNS) bleeding, of which intracranial hemor...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Hereditary bleeding disorders may have a wide variety of clinical presentations ranging from mild mucosal and joint bleeding to severe central nervous system (CNS) bleeding, of which intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is the most dreaded complication. In this review, we will discuss the pathophysiology of specific hereditary bleeding disorders, namely, hemophilia A, hemophilia B, and von Willebrand disease (vWD); their clinical manifestations with a particular emphasis on neurological complications; a brief overview of management strategies pertaining to neurological complications; and a review of literature guiding treatment strategies. RECENT FINDINGS: ICH is the most significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with hemophilia. Adequate control of bleeding with the administration of specific factors or blood products, identification of risk factors for bleeding, and maintaining optimal coagulant activity are essential for appropriately managing CNS bleeding complications in these patients. The administration of specific recombinant factors is tailored to a patient's pharmacokinetics and steady-state levels. During acute bleeding episodes, initial factor activity should be maintained between 80 and 100%. Availability of monoclonal antibody Emicizumab has revolutionized prophylactic therapies in patients with hemophilia. Management of ICH in patients with vWD involves using plasma-derived factor concentrates, recombinant von Willebrand factor, and supportive antifibrinolytic agents individualized to the type and severity of vWD. Hemophilia and vWD are the most common hereditary bleeding disorders that can predispose patients to life-threatening CNS complications-intracranial bleeds, intraspinal bleeding, and peripheral nerve syndromes. Early care coordination with a hematologist can help develop an effective prophylactic regimen to avoid life-threatening bleeding complications in these patients. Further research is needed to evaluate using emicizumab as an on-demand treatment option for acute bleeding episodes in patients with hemophilia.
Sporadic Late-Onset Nemaline Myopathy: Current Landscape.
Nicolau S, Milone M
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep · 2023 Nov · PMID 37856049 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Sporadic late-onset nemaline myopathy (SLONM) is a rare adult-onset, acquired, muscle disease that can be associated with monoclonal gammopathy or HIV infection. The pathological hallmark of SLONM is t...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Sporadic late-onset nemaline myopathy (SLONM) is a rare adult-onset, acquired, muscle disease that can be associated with monoclonal gammopathy or HIV infection. The pathological hallmark of SLONM is the accumulation of nemaline rods in muscle fibers. We review here current knowledge about its presentation, pathophysiology, and management. RECENT FINDINGS: SLONM usually manifests with subacutely progressive proximal and axial weakness, but it can also present with chronic progressive weakness mimicking muscular dystrophy. The pathophysiology of the disease remains poorly understood, with evidence pointing to both autoimmune mechanisms and hematological neoplasia. Recent studies have identified histological, proteomic, and transcriptomic alterations that shed light on disease mechanisms and distinguish SLONM from inherited nemaline myopathies. A majority of SLONM patients respond to intravenous immunoglobulins, chemotherapy, or hematopoietic stem cell transplant. SLONM is a treatable myopathy, although its underlying etiology and pathomechanisms remain unclear. A high degree of suspicion should be maintained for this disease to reduce diagnostic delay and treatment in SLONM and facilitate its distinction from inherited nemaline myopathies.
The Association Between Cognitive Domains and Postural Balance among Healthy Older Adults: A Systematic Review of Literature and Meta-Analysis.
Divandari N, Bird ML, Vakili M … +1 more , Jaberzadeh S
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep · 2023 Nov · PMID 37856048 · Full text
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review aims to explore which cognitive domain is more closely associated with which type of balance (static or dynamic). RESENT FINDING: Based on recent reviews, inhibitory control, a part of cogn...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review aims to explore which cognitive domain is more closely associated with which type of balance (static or dynamic). RESENT FINDING: Based on recent reviews, inhibitory control, a part of cognition, plays a crucial role in balance performance. Previous reviews report significant links between cognition, mobility, and physical function in older adults. However, evidence regarding the relationship between cognition and balance scores remains inconclusive. The strength of association between cognition and balance appears to be domain-specific and task-specific. Executive function exhibits the strongest correlation with balance, while episodic memory shows a small link with dynamic balance. Processing speed and global cognition demonstrate moderate correlations. Additionally, there is a slight association between cognitive domains and static balance. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and develop targeted interventions for managing balance-related concerns that are domain-specific and task-specific.
Dysautonomia, Hypermobility Spectrum Disorders and Mast Cell Activation Syndrome as Migraine Comorbidities.
Blitshteyn S
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep · 2023 Nov · PMID 37847487 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Dysautonomia refers to the dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system and encompasses a wide variety of autonomic symptoms and disorders. The most common autonomic disorders are postural orthostatic t...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Dysautonomia refers to the dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system and encompasses a wide variety of autonomic symptoms and disorders. The most common autonomic disorders are postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS), neurocardiogenic syncope (NCS), and orthostatic hypotension (OH), which may be encountered in clinical practice as part of a triad of dysautonomia, hypermobility spectrum disorders (HSD), and mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS). Migraine is one of the most common comorbidities of POTS, HSD, and MCAS; conversely, these conditions are also prevalent in patients with migraine, especially in those with multiple systemic symptoms, such as chronic dizziness, lightheadedness, orthostatic intolerance, joint pain, and allergic symptoms. Diagnostic criteria, pathophysiologic mechanisms, and therapeutic considerations in patients with migraine and comorbid dysautonomia, HSD, and MCAS are reviewed. RECENT FINDINGS: Numerous studies indicate a significant overlap and shared pathophysiology in migraine, dysautonomia, HSD, and MCAS. In clinical setting, dysautonomia, HSD, and MCAS may present a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge in patients with migraine and require a high index of suspicion on the part of the neurologist. Diagnosis and treatment of these complex disorders in patients with migraine is essential to comprehensive patient-centric care, reduced symptom burden, and improved functional impairment secondary to both migraine and comorbidities.
Post-stroke Everything.
Lekoubou A, Nguyen C, Kwon M … +2 more , Nyalundja AD, Agrawal A
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep · 2023 Nov · PMID 37837566 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review aims at providing updates on selected post-stroke complications. We examined recent advances in diagnosing and treating the following post-stroke complications: cognitive impairment, epilep...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review aims at providing updates on selected post-stroke complications. We examined recent advances in diagnosing and treating the following post-stroke complications: cognitive impairment, epilepsy, depression, fatigue, tremors, dysphagia, and pain. RECENT FINDINGS: Advances in understanding the mechanisms of post-stroke complications, in general, are needed despite advances made in understanding, treating, and preventing these complications. There are growing progresses in integrating new tools to diagnose post-stroke cognitive impairment. The potential role of acute stroke reperfusion treatment in post-stroke epilepsy and its impact on other stroke complications is getting more transparent. Post-stroke depression remains underestimated and new tools to diagnose depression after stroke are being developed. New promising pharmacological approaches to treating post-stroke pain are emerging. Tremors related to stroke are poorly understood and under-evaluated, while treatment towards post-stroke dysphagia has benefited from new non-pharmacological to pharmacological approaches. CONCLUSIONS: An integrative approach to stroke complications and collaborations between providers across specialties are more likely to improve stroke outcomes.
REM Behavior Disorder: Implications for PD Therapeutics.
Feuerstein JS, Amara A
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep · 2023 Nov · PMID 37831394 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is a parasomnia that occurs during REM sleep, characterized by REM sleep without atonia (RSWA) and dream enactment behavior (DEB). RBD is associated with se...
PURPOSE: Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is a parasomnia that occurs during REM sleep, characterized by REM sleep without atonia (RSWA) and dream enactment behavior (DEB). RBD is associated with several diseases and medications but most notably is a prodromal feature of synucleinopathies, including Parkinson's disease (PD). This article reviews RBD, its treatments, and implications for PD therapeutics. RECENT FINDINGS: Recent research recognizes RBD as a prodromal marker of PD, resulting in expansion of basic science and clinical investigations of RBD. Current basic science research investigates the pathophysiology of RBD and explores animal models to allow therapeutic development. Clinical research has focused on natural history observation, as well as potential RBD treatments and their impact on sleep and phenoconversion to neurodegenerative disease. RBD serves as a fresh access point to develop both neuroprotective and symptomatic therapies in PD. These types of investigations are novel and will benefit from the more established basic science infrastructure to develop new interventions.
Molecular Profiling and Targeted Therapies in Gliomas.
Felistia Y, Wen PY
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep · 2023 Oct · PMID 37812369 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Molecular profiling enables the evaluation of genetic alterations for the diagnosis and classification of gliomas and the selection of appropriate therapies. This review summarizes the current role of...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Molecular profiling enables the evaluation of genetic alterations for the diagnosis and classification of gliomas and the selection of appropriate therapies. This review summarizes the current role of molecular profiling and targeted therapies for gliomas. RECENT FINDINGS: Molecular profiling is an integral part of the 2021 WHO classification of gliomas. Progress in the development of targeted therapies remains limited due to many factors including the presence of the blood-brain barrier and issues of tumor heterogeneity. Nonetheless, advances have been made with the IDH1/2 inhibitor vorasidenib for IDH-mutant grade 2 gliomas, the combination of dabrafenib and trametinib for BRAFV600E mutated gliomas, and the therapies for subsets of patients with fusions and H3K27M-altered diffuse midline gliomas. While there has been progress in the use of molecular profiling for the classification and treatment of gliomas, much work remains for targeted therapies to realize their potential.
Exercise Made Accessible: the Merits of Community-Based Programs for Persons with Parkinson's Disease.
Langbroek-Amersfoort A, Schootemeijer S, Bouten L … +2 more , Bloem BR, De Vries NM
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep · 2023 Nov · PMID 37792207 · Full text
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Many studies have identified positive effects of physiotherapy and exercise for persons with Parkinson's disease (PD). Most work has thus far focused on the therapeutic modality of exercise as used wit...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Many studies have identified positive effects of physiotherapy and exercise for persons with Parkinson's disease (PD). Most work has thus far focused on the therapeutic modality of exercise as used within physiotherapy programs. Stimulated by these positive findings, there is now a strong move to take exercise out of the clinical setting and to deliver the interventions in the community. Although the goals and effects of many such community-based exercise programs overlap with those of physiotherapy, it has also become more clear that both exercise modalities also differ in various ways. Here, we aim to comprehensively review the evidence for community-based exercise in PD. RECENT FINDINGS: Many different types of community-based exercise for people with PD are emerging and they are increasingly being studied. There is a great heterogeneity considering the types of exercise, study designs, and outcome measures used in research on this subject. While this review is positive regarding the feasibility and potential effects of community-based exercise, it is also evident that the general quality of these studies needs improvement. By focusing on community-based exercise, we hope to generate more knowledge on the effects of a wide range of different exercise modalities that can be beneficial for people with PD. This knowledge may help people with PD to select the type and setting of exercise activity that matches best with their personal abilities and preferences. As such, these insights will contribute to an improved self-management of PD.
Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis: Changing the Trajectory of Progression.
Castillo Villagrán D, Yeh EA
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep · 2023 Nov · PMID 37792206 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. When seen in children and adolescents, crucial stages of brain development and maturation may be affected. Prompt rec...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. When seen in children and adolescents, crucial stages of brain development and maturation may be affected. Prompt recognition of multiple sclerosis in this population is essential, as early intervention with disease-modifying therapies may change developmental trajectories associated with the disease. In this paper, we will review diagnostic criteria for pediatric multiple sclerosis, outcomes, differential diagnosis, and current therapeutic approaches. RECENT FINDINGS: Recent studies have demonstrated the utility of newer structural and functional metrics in facilitating early recognition and diagnosis of pediatric MS. Knowledge about disease-modifying therapies in pediatric multiple sclerosis has expanded in recent years: important developmental impacts of earlier therapeutic intervention and use of highly effective therapies have been demonstrated. Pediatric MS is characterized by highly active disease and high disease burden. Advances in knowledge have led to early identification, diagnosis, and treatment. Lifestyle-related interventions and higher efficacy therapies are currently undergoing investigation.
Palliative Care in Neuro-oncology: an Update.
Rhee JY, Strander S, Podgurski A … +3 more , Chiu D, Brizzi K, Forst DA
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep · 2023 Nov · PMID 37751050 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: While the benefits of palliative care for patients with cancer are well established, palliative care in neuro-oncology is still in its early stages. However, in recent years, there has been increasing...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: While the benefits of palliative care for patients with cancer are well established, palliative care in neuro-oncology is still in its early stages. However, in recent years, there has been increasing attention drawn to the need for better palliative care for patients with brain tumors. RECENT FINDINGS: There is a growing body of literature demonstrating the high symptom burden and significant supportive care and information needs of these patients and their caregivers. In the area of caregiver needs, the last 3 years has seen a more rapid growth in recognizing and characterizing these needs. However, there remains a knowledge gap regarding the optimal means of addressing these needs. In this article, we outline important recent advances in the literature on palliative care for patients with brain tumors and highlight areas in need of greater attention and investigation.
About
- Frequency
- Sun
- Papers found
- 200
- RSS feed
- Subscribe