Acta Histochem. [JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes attenuate burn-induced acute lung injury via inhibiting ferroptosis.
Li L, Song QQ, Li SR … +7 more , Jia ZG, Sun XC, Zhao YT, Deng JB, Wu JJ, Ni T, Liu JS
Acta Histochem · 2024 Oct · PMID 39197328 · Publisher ↗
Our previous study has shown that exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs-exo) alleviated burn-induced acute lung injury (ALI). In this study, we explored a novel mechanism by which hUC...
Our previous study has shown that exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs-exo) alleviated burn-induced acute lung injury (ALI). In this study, we explored a novel mechanism by which hUCMSCs-exo contributed to the inhibition of burn-induced ALI. The ALI rat model with severe burn was established for the in vivo experiments, and rats PMVECs were stimulated with the serum from burn-induced ALI rats for the in vitro experiments. The pathological changes of lung tissues were evaluated by HE staining; the cell viability was measured using CCK-8; the iron level and Fe concentration were assessed using Iron Assay Kit and Fe fluorescence detection probe; the mRNA expression of SLC7A11 and GPX4 were measured by qRT-PCR; the protein levels of SLC7A11, GPX4, Nrf2 and HO-1 were detected by western blot. Both the in vivo and in vitro experiments revealed that ferroptosis was significantly induced in burn-induced ALI, which as verified by increased iron level and Fe concentration, and decreased SLC7A11 and GPX4 mRNA and protein levels. Furthermore, both hUCMSCs-exo and Fer-1 (the inhibitor of ferroptosis) alleviated lung inflammation and up-regulated protein levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 in the lung tissues of burn-induced ALI rats. These results suggested that hUCMSCs-exo exhibited a protective role against burn-induced ALI by inhibiting ferroptosis, partly owing to the activation of Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, thus providing a novel therapeutic strategy for burn-induced ALI.
RGS1 targeted by miR-191-3p inhibited the stemness properties of esophageal cancer cells by suppressing CXCR4/PI3K/AKT signaling.
Xun J, Ma Y, Wang B … +8 more , Jiang X, Liu B, Gao R, Zhai Q, Cheng R, Wu X, Wu Y, Zhang Q
Acta Histochem · 2024 Oct · PMID 39173233 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Esophageal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world. It is urgent to prevent the development and progression of esophageal cancer. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) were reported to have the abil...
BACKGROUND: Esophageal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world. It is urgent to prevent the development and progression of esophageal cancer. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) were reported to have the ability to initiate tumorigenesis, and reducing the stem cell-like characteristics of tumors is an important strategy to inhibit the occurrence and development of tumors. miRNAs are key regulators of the stemness of cancer. Here, we aimed to investigate the role and regulatory mechanism of miR-191-3p in the stemness properties of esophageal cancer cells. METHODS: Esophageal cancer cells with stable expression of miR-191-3p were established by lentivirus system. CCK-8 assay, transwell assay, wound healing assay were used to evaluate the effect of miR-191-3p on proliferation and metastasis of esophageal cancer cells. The expression of stemness-related markers (NANOG, OCT4, SOX2), ALDH activity, sphere-forming assay and subcutaneous tumor model in nude mice were performed to evaluate the stemness properties of esophageal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to verify the molecular mechanism. RESULT: Here we found that overexpression of miR-191-3p promoted the stemness properties of esophageal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, including increasing esophageal cancer cell proliferation and metastasis ability, the expression of stemness-related markers NANOG, OCT4, and SOX2, ALDH activity, the number of spheres formed and tumor growth. Bioinformatic analysis and dual-luciferase assay demonstrated that regulator of G protein signaling 1 (RGS1) was the directed target gene of miR-191-3p and attenuated the promotion effect of miR-191-3p on the stemness of esophageal cancer cells. Furthermore, we found that RGS1 knockdown activated the PI3K/AKT pathway by negatively regulating CXCR4 to promote the stemness of esophageal cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings revealed that RGS1 targeted by miR-191-3p inhibited the stemness of esophageal cancer cells by suppressing the CXCR4/PI3K/AKT pathway, which provide potential prognostic markers and therapeutic targets in the future.
ACOT7 positively regulated by CREB1 promotes the progression of cutaneous melanoma.
Tang N, Li Y, Tang J … +3 more , Chen J, Chen L, Dang L
Acta Histochem · 2024 Oct · PMID 39142244 · Publisher ↗
Cutaneous melanoma (cM) is a prevalent invasive cancer resulting from the malignant transformation of melanocytes. At present, the primary treatment for melanoma is surgical resection, which is not appropriate for patien...
Cutaneous melanoma (cM) is a prevalent invasive cancer resulting from the malignant transformation of melanocytes. At present, the primary treatment for melanoma is surgical resection, which is not appropriate for patients with metastasis. Therefore, it is necessary to identify effective therapeutic targets for the early diagnosis and treatment of metastatic melanoma. Acyl-CoA thioesterase 7 (ACOT7) has been reported to be involved in the progression of multiple cancer, while its role in melanoma has not been extensively researched. Through gain-of-function and loss-of-function experiments, ACOT7 was identified as a tumor promoter that facilitates the progression of melanoma cells. Cell proliferation was promoted by overexpressing ACOT7 in M14 cells, and was suppressed by silencing ACOT7 in MeWo cells. Knockdown of ACOT7 induced cell cycle arrest by increasing the expressions of cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1B (P27) and cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1 A (P21), while simultaneously reducing proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression. Upregulation of ACOT7 promoted the cell cycle of melanoma cells. Additionally, apoptosis was induced by the absence of ACOT7 through activating caspase-3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). The metastatic and invasive capacity of melanoma cells was significantly enhanced by the overexpression of ACOT7 and inhibited by the downregulation of ACOT7. Moreover, the cAMP responsive element binding protein 1 (CREB1) positively regulates ACOT7 expression by binding to its promoter region. A decrease of cell proliferation, migration and invasion, as well as an increase of cell apoptosis induced by silencing CREB1 were obviously reversed by ACOT7. In summary, ACOT7 transcriptionally activated by CREB1 elevates the progression of cM.
Localization of EFA6A, an exchange factor for Arf6, in Z-lines and sarcoplasmic reticulum membranes in addition to myofilaments in I-domains of skeletal myofibers of peri-natal mice.
Chomphoo S, Sakagami H, Kondo H … +1 more , Hipkaeo W
Acta Histochem · 2024 Oct · PMID 39126836 · Publisher ↗
Membrane trafficking and actin-remodeling are critical for well-maintained integrity of the cell organization and activity, and they require Arf6 (ADP ribosylation factor 6) activated by GEF (guanine nucleotide exchange...
Membrane trafficking and actin-remodeling are critical for well-maintained integrity of the cell organization and activity, and they require Arf6 (ADP ribosylation factor 6) activated by GEF (guanine nucleotide exchange factor) including EFA6 (exchange factor for Arf6). In the present immuno-electron microscopic study following previous immunohistochemical study by these authors (Chomphoo et al., 2020) of in situ skeletal myoblasts and myotubes of pre-and perinatal mice, the immunoreactivity for EFA6A was found to be localized at Z-bands and sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) membranes in I-domains as well as I-domain myofilaments of skeletal myofibers of perinatal mice. Based on the previous finding that EFA6 anchored on the neuronal postsynaptic density via α-actinin which is known to be shared by muscular Z-bands, the present finding suggests that EFA6A is also anchored on Z-bands via α-actinin and involved in the membrane trafficking and actin-remodeling in skeletal myofibers. The localization of EFA6A-immunoreactivity in I-domain SR suggests a differential function in the membrane traffic between the I- and A-domain intracellular membranes in perinatal skeletal myofibers.
Cryopreservation and passaging optimization for Galea spixii (Wagler, 1831) adult skin fibroblast lines: A step forward in species management and genetic studies.
Aquino LVC, Olindo SL, Silva YLFE … +7 more , Oliveira LRM, Moura YBF, Rodrigues ALR, Praxedes ÉA, Oliveira MF, Silva AR, Pereira AF
Acta Histochem · 2024 Oct · PMID 39059228 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: In vitro culture of fibroblasts is a technique based on cell isolation, physiological characterization, and cryopreservation. This technique has not been described for Galea spixii, therefore, it can be used...
BACKGROUND: In vitro culture of fibroblasts is a technique based on cell isolation, physiological characterization, and cryopreservation. This technique has not been described for Galea spixii, therefore, it can be used to learn about its cellular biology and genetic diversity. OBJECTIVE: We established fibroblast lines of six G. spixii individuals from several passages (second, fifth, eighth, and tenth) and cryopreserved them. METHODS: Fibroblasts recovered from skin biopsies were identified based on morphology, immunocytochemistry, and karyotyping. The cells were analyzed for morphology, ultrastructure, viability, proliferation, metabolism, oxidative stress, bioenergetic potential, and apoptosis before and after cryopreservation. RESULTS: After the eighth passage, the fibroblasts showed morphological and karyotypic changes, although their viability, metabolism, and proliferation did not change. An increase in oxidative stress and bioenergetic potential from the fifth to the eighth passages were also observed. Post cryopreservation, cell damage with respect to the ultrastructure, viability, proliferative rate, apoptotic levels, oxidative stress, and bioenergetic potential were verified. CONCLUSION: Fibroblasts up to the tenth passage could be cultured in vitro. However, cells at the fifth passage were of better quality to be used for reproductive techniques. Additionally, optimization of the cryopreservation protocol is essential to improve the physiological parameters of these cells.
Stimulation of mouse hair regrowth by exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells.
Jiao Y, Sun QM, Shen YC … +3 more , Li QS, Piao YJ, Gong L
Acta Histochem · 2024 Oct · PMID 39053176 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: There is an urgent need for new treatments to solve hair loss problem. As mesenchymal stem cells were proved to have effects on promoting tissue repair and regeneration, in which the exosome plays a vital rol...
BACKGROUND: There is an urgent need for new treatments to solve hair loss problem. As mesenchymal stem cells were proved to have effects on promoting tissue repair and regeneration, in which the exosome plays a vital role, we aim to investigate the influence of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells exosome (UCMSC-Exos) on hair growth and its mechanism. METHODS: The hUCMSC-Exos were extracted by ultracentrifugation. Primary fibroblasts were cultured with or without hUCMSC-Exos and cell proliferation was evaluated by CCK-8 assay. C57BL/6 mice model of depilation-induced hair regrowth was treated with either hUCMSC-Exos (200 μg/mL) or PBS on one side of the dorsal back. Real time quantitative PCR, flow cytometry analysis, immunohistochemistry and Immunofluorescent staining were used to analyze the regulative effect of hUCMSC-Exos on hair follicle stem/progenitor cells and Wnt/β-catenin pathway. RESULTS: The proliferation of fibroblasts incubated with hUCMSC-Exos at the concentration of 200 μg/mL was greater than other groups. Treatment with hUCMSC-Exos resulted in rapid reentry into anagen. Hair follicle stem/progenitor cell markers (K15, Lgr5, Lgr6, CD34 and Lrig1) and Wnt/β-catenin pathway related factors (Wnt5, Lef1, Lrp5 and β-catenin) were increased in hUCMSC-Exos-injected region. CONCLUSION: hUCMSC-Exos promote fibroblasts proliferation and accelerate mouse hair regrowth by upregulating hair follicle stem/progenitor cell and Wnt/β-catenin pathway, which suggests potential therapeutic approaches for hair loss disorders.
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells: Implication in myeloid malignancies and immunotherapy.
Kapor S, Radojković M, Santibanez JF
Acta Histochem · 2024 Oct · PMID 39029317 · Publisher ↗
Myeloid malignancies stem from a modified hematopoietic stem cell and predominantly include acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic neoplasms, myeloproliferative malignancies, and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. Myeloid...
Myeloid malignancies stem from a modified hematopoietic stem cell and predominantly include acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic neoplasms, myeloproliferative malignancies, and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) exhibit immunoregulatory properties by governing the innate and adaptive immune systems, creating a permissive and supportive environment for neoplasm growth. This review examines the key characteristics of MDSCs in myeloid malignancies, highlighting that an increased MDSC count corresponds to heightened immunosuppressive capabilities, fostering an immune-tolerant neoplasm microenvironment. Also, this review analyzes and describes the potential of combined cancer therapies, focusing on targeting MDSC generation, expansion, and their inherent immunosuppressive activities to enhance the efficacy of current cancer immunotherapies. A comprehensive understanding of the implications of myeloid malignancies may enhance the exploration of immunotherapeutic strategies for their potential application.
Association of diabetes mellitus with risk of reproductive impairment in females: A comprehensive review.
Andlib N, Sajad M, Thakur SC
Acta Histochem · 2024 Oct · PMID 39004007 · Publisher ↗
Reproductive impairment is the most prevalent yet most ignored complication of diabetes mellitus. In diabetes, the problem associated with reproductive health is comprehensive in both males and females. Diabetic females...
Reproductive impairment is the most prevalent yet most ignored complication of diabetes mellitus. In diabetes, the problem associated with reproductive health is comprehensive in both males and females. Diabetic females have problems like delayed menarche, irregular menstrual cycle, subfertility, complications in pregnancy and early menopause. This may decrease reproductive age in diabetic females as the menarche is delayed and menopause is early in them. Like diabetic males, diabetic females also have the negative effect of oxidative stress on the reproductive system. This may lead to dysfunction of the ovary. It affects the physiological cycle like the ovary's maturation, embryo development and pregnancy. These complications also affect the offspring, and they may also become diabetic. This review aims to concentrate on the effect of diabetes on the reproductive system of females and the impairment caused by it. We will also discuss in detail the role of the hypothalamus-pituitary ovary axis, diabetes impact on different reproductive phases of females, and the sexual disorders that occur in them.
Artesunate inhibits vasculogenic mimicry in choroidal melanoma through HIF-1 α/ VEGF/PDGF pathway.
Ma QY, Xu XY, Zhu YZ … +5 more , Yao NN, Liu YC, Gao XD, Zhang Q, Luo WJ
Acta Histochem · 2024 Oct · PMID 38976933 · Publisher ↗
Choroidal melanoma (CM), a highly metastatic eye tumor, exhibits vasculogenic mimicry (VM) facilitated by hypoxia-induced angiogenesis. This study explored the inhibitory impact of the anti-malarial drug Artesunate (ART)...
Choroidal melanoma (CM), a highly metastatic eye tumor, exhibits vasculogenic mimicry (VM) facilitated by hypoxia-induced angiogenesis. This study explored the inhibitory impact of the anti-malarial drug Artesunate (ART) on CM VM through modulation of the HIF-1α/VEGF/PDGF pathway. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) confirmed VM in CM with elevated VEGF and PDGF expression. Hypoxia promoted CM proliferation, upregulating HIF-1α, VEGF and PDGF. VEGF and PDGF enhanced CM migration, invasion and VM, with HIF-1α playing a crucial role. ART mitigated VM formation by suppressing the HIF-1α/VEGF/PDGF pathway, highlighting its potential as an anti-tumor agent in CM.
Effects of sex differences on osteoarthritic changes after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in rats.
Kaneguchi A, Kanehara M, Yamaoka K … +2 more , Umehara T, Ozawa J
Acta Histochem · 2024 May · PMID 38943867 · Publisher ↗
The prevalence of primary osteoarthritis is higher in females than males. However, it remains unclear if there are sex differences in the incidence of post-traumatic osteoarthritis after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)...
The prevalence of primary osteoarthritis is higher in females than males. However, it remains unclear if there are sex differences in the incidence of post-traumatic osteoarthritis after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of sex on osteoarthritic changes after ACL reconstruction using an animal model. Rats were divided into the following four groups: male control, male ACL reconstruction, female control, and female ACL reconstruction. ACL reconstruction surgery was performed on the right knees of rats in the ACL reconstruction groups, while rats in the control groups did not undergo knee surgery. At 1, 4, and 12 weeks after surgery, cartilage degeneration in the medial tibial plateau and osteophyte formation in the proximal tibia were histologically assessed. After ACL reconstruction, an increase in the Mankin score, cartilage fissures, and osteophyte formation were detected within 12 weeks in both male and female rats, with similar degrees of these changes between males and females. However, changes in cartilage thickness and chondrocyte density after ACL reconstruction differed between males and females. Cartilage thickening was observed in male rats but not in female rats. The increase in chondrocyte density in the anterior region was detected in both males and females but was more pronounced in female rats. In conclusion, osteoarthritic changes were observed after ACL reconstruction in both male and female rats, but differences in changes in cartilage thickness and chondrocyte density were observed between males and females.
Immunohistochemical localization of proteins involved in exocytosis of glutamate from P2X3 purinoceptor-expressing subserosal afferent nerve endings in the rat gastric antrum.
Hirakawa M, Yokoyama T, Abdali SS … +2 more , Yamamoto Y, Saino T
Acta Histochem · 2024 May · PMID 38936136 · Publisher ↗
We previously reported the presence of P2X3 purinoceptors (P2X3)-expressing subserosal afferent nerve endings consisting of net- and basket-like nerve endings in the rat gastric antrum. These nerve endings may morphologi...
We previously reported the presence of P2X3 purinoceptors (P2X3)-expressing subserosal afferent nerve endings consisting of net- and basket-like nerve endings in the rat gastric antrum. These nerve endings may morphologically be vagal mechanoreceptors activated by antral peristalsis. The present study investigated immunoreactivities for vesicular glutamate transporter (VGLUT) 1 and VGLUT2 as well as exocytosis-related proteins, i.e., core components of the SNARE complex (SNAP25, Stx1, and VAMP2) and synaptotagmin-1 (Syt1), in whole-mount preparations of the rat gastric antrum using double immunofluorescence. VGLUT1 immunoreactivity was not detected, whereas VGLUT2 immunoreactivity was observed in P2X3-immunoreactive subserosal nerve endings composed of both net- and basket-like endings. In net-like nerve endings, intense VGLUT2 immunoreactivity was localized in polygonal bulges of reticular nerve fibers and peripheral axon terminals. Furthermore, intense immunoreactivities for SNAP25, Stx1, and VAMP2 were localized in net-like nerve endings. Intense immunoreactivities for VAMP2 and Syt1 were observed in VGLUT2-immunoreactive net-like nerve endings. In basket-like nerve endings, VGLUT2 immunoreactivity was localized in pleomorphic terminal structures and small bulges surrounding the subserosal ganglion, whereas immunoreactivities for SNAP25, Stx1, and VAMP2 were weak in these nerve endings. VGLUT2-immunoreactive basket-like nerve endings were weakly immunoreactive for VAMP2 and Syt1. These results suggest that subserosal afferent nerve endings release glutamate by exocytosis mainly from net-like nerve endings to modulate their mechanoreceptor function.
Dihydroartemisinin breaks the immunosuppressive tumor niche during cisplatin treatment in Hepatocellular carcinoma.
Yang Y, Gao Y, Gong Y … +8 more , Lu J, Li S, Xiong Y, Zhang Y, Wang D, Gong P, Li Y, Shi X
Acta Histochem · 2024 May · PMID 38905871 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: Hepatocellular carcinoma, characterized by high mortality rates, often exhibits limited responsiveness to conventional treatments such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Therefore, identifying a sensi...
OBJECTIVE: Hepatocellular carcinoma, characterized by high mortality rates, often exhibits limited responsiveness to conventional treatments such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Therefore, identifying a sensitizer for cisplatin has become crucial. Dihydroartemisinin, known for its potent role of tumor treatment, arises as a prospective candidate for cisplatin sensitization in clinical settings. METHODS: A mouse model of liver tumor was established through chemical induction of DEN/TCPOBOP. Upon successful model establishment, ultrasound was employed to detect tumors, Hematoxylin and eosin staining was conducted for observation of liver tissue pathology, and ELISA was utilized to assess cytokine changes (IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, TGF-β, IL-1β, CCL2, and CCL21) in peripheral blood, para-tumor tissues, and tumor tissues. The infiltration of CD8T cells and macrophages in tumor tissue sections was detected by immunofluorescence. RESULTS: Dihydroartemisinin combined with cisplatin obviously restrained the growth of liver tumors in mice and improved the weight and spleen loss caused by cisplatin. Cisplatin treatment of liver tumor mice increased the content of CCL2 and the number of macrophages in tumor tissues and promoted the formation of an immunosuppressive microenvironment. The combination therapy decreased the content of TGF-β in tumor tissues while increasing CCL2 levels in para-tumor tissues. Both combination therapy and cisplatin alone increased the number of CD8T cells in tumor tissue, but there was no difference between them. CONCLUSION: Dihydroartemisinin combined with cisplatin obviously prevented the deterioration of liver tumor in hepatocellular carcinoma mice and improve the therapeutic effect of cisplatin by improving the immunosuppressive microenvironment induced by cisplatin. Our findings provide a theoretical basis for considering dihydroartemisinin as an adjuvant drug for cisplatin in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma in the future.
Corrigendum to "Saikosaponin-d regulates angiogenesis in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis through angiopoietin/Tie-2 pathway" [Acta Histochem. 125(8) (2023) 152100].
Wu Y, Zhang J, Wang X … +2 more , Xu Y, Zheng J
Acta Histochem · 2024 May · PMID 38876928 · Publisher ↗
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A simple and economical method for unbiasedly quantifying the alveolar size of entire mouse lung tissue utilizing Hematoxylin and Eosin Staining.
Li C, Zhang X, Wang M … +4 more , Wang Z, Cheng Q, Du J, Jia T
Acta Histochem · 2024 May · PMID 38850586 · Publisher ↗
Alveolar, the smallest structural and functional units within the respiratory system, play a crucial role in maintaining lung function. Alveolar damage is a typical pathological hallmark of respiratory diseases. Neverthe...
Alveolar, the smallest structural and functional units within the respiratory system, play a crucial role in maintaining lung function. Alveolar damage is a typical pathological hallmark of respiratory diseases. Nevertheless, there is currently no simple, rapid, economical, and unbiased method for quantifying alveolar size for entire lung tissue. Here, firstly, we conducted lung sample slicing based on the size, shape, and distribution of airway branches of different lobes. Next, we performed HE staining on different slices. Then, we provided an unbiased quantification of alveolar size using free software ImageJ. Through this protocol, we demonstrated that C57Bl/6 mice exhibit varying alveolar sizes among different lobes. Collectively, we provided a simple and unbiased method for a more comprehensive quantification of alveolar size in mice, which holds promise for a broader range of respiratory research using mouse models.
A comparison of teleost rodlet cells with apicomplexan cells.
DePasquale JA
Acta Histochem · 2024 May · PMID 38733697 · Publisher ↗
Rodlet cells are unique pear-shaped cells found primarily in the epithelium of the teleost fishes. The rodlet cell was first identified by Thèlohan in 1892 who named it Rhabdospora thelohani as it was believed to be a pr...
Rodlet cells are unique pear-shaped cells found primarily in the epithelium of the teleost fishes. The rodlet cell was first identified by Thèlohan in 1892 who named it Rhabdospora thelohani as it was believed to be a protozoan parasite of the phylum Apicomplexa. The rodlet cell as parasite paradigm persisted for several decades afterwards but has since faded in the last 20 years or so. The rodlet cell is now generally believed to be an immune cell, functioning as an early responder to parasite intrusion. This short review makes a detailed comparison of apicomplexan structure and behavior with that of the rodlet cell to further strengthen the argument against a parasitic nature for the fish cell. It is then proposed that apical microvilli of the rodlet cell serve as a mechanical trigger for rodlet discharge as possible defense against larger ectoparasites.
The link between autophagy and psoriasis.
Liang N, Zhang K
Acta Histochem · 2024 May · PMID 38688157 · Publisher ↗
Autophagy is a lysosome-dependent, self-renewal mechanism that degrades and recycles cellular components in eukaryotic cells to maintain the homeostasis of the intracellular environment. Psoriasis is featured by increase...
Autophagy is a lysosome-dependent, self-renewal mechanism that degrades and recycles cellular components in eukaryotic cells to maintain the homeostasis of the intracellular environment. Psoriasis is featured by increased inflammatory response, epidermal hyperproliferation and abnormal differentiation, infiltration of immune cells and increased expression levels of both endothelial adhesion molecules and angiogenic mediators. Evidence indicates that autophagy has important roles in many different types of cells, such as lymphocytes, keratinocytes, monocytes and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). This paper will review the role of autophagy in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and strategies for therapeutic modulation. Key Message Autophagy regulates the functions of cutaneous cells (MSCs, KCs, T cells and endothelial cells). Since reduced autophagy contributes in part to the pathogenesis of psoriasis, enhancement of autophagy can be an alternative approach to mitigate psoriasis.
Immunohistochemical localization and expression of heat shock proteins (HSP27, HSP60, HSP70, and HSP90) during the oestrous cycle, pregnancy, and lactation in rat ovaries.
Kandil B, Kurtdede N, Bayraktaroglu AG
Acta Histochem · 2024 Apr · PMID 38581753 · Publisher ↗
This study aimed to determine the expressions of HSP27, HSP60, HSP70, and HSP90 in rat ovaries during the oestrous cycle, pregnancy, and lactation. In follicle cells, HSP27 and HSP70 expression was not observed. HSP60 in...
This study aimed to determine the expressions of HSP27, HSP60, HSP70, and HSP90 in rat ovaries during the oestrous cycle, pregnancy, and lactation. In follicle cells, HSP27 and HSP70 expression was not observed. HSP60 in oocytes was higher in the early stages of follicular development but decreased and disappeared as the follicle grew. HSP60 in granulosa and theca cells increased with follicle development and decreased with atresia. HSP90 in follicle cells did not change during follicle development or atresia. The expression of HSPs in interstitial cells was higher in the proestrus and estrus phases of the estrous cycle. The expression of HSPs in these cells was higher on day 5 of pregnancy, decreased on day 10, and decreased further on days 15 and 20. The expression of HSPs, which decreased in the second half of pregnancy, increased again on the first day of lactation. The expression of HSPs then decreased on day 5 of lactation and further decreased on days 10 and 20. HSP60 and HSP90 were positive in new and old corpus luteums (CLs) and their expression did not change during luteal development or regression. HSP27 and HSP70 were absent in new CLs. HSP27 was positive in old CLs and showed the same staining pattern during luteal regression. HSP70 expression was determined in old cyclic CLs during the oestrous cycle and pregnancy and decreased with luteal regression. HSP70 expression in old pregnancy CLs during lactation was very weak compared to the oestrous cycle and pregnancy. In conclusion, HSP60 and HSP90 may participate in folliculogenesis, luteal development, and steroidogenesis in luteal cells, and HSP27, HSP60, HSP70, and HSP90 may be effective in luteal regression and steroidogenesis in interstitial cells. HSP27 and HSP70 may be used as markers to identify old CLs in rats.
Neuropeptides in the rat claustrum - An immunohistochemical detection.
Lipiec-Borowicz A, Pałasz A, Suszka-Świtek A … +4 more , Filipczyk Ł, Della Vecchia A, Worthington JJ, Piwowarczyk-Nowak A
Acta Histochem · 2024 Apr · PMID 38518508 · Publisher ↗
Neuropeptides are involved in numerous brain activities and are responsible for a wide spectrum of higher mental functions. The main purpose of this outline structural qualitative study was to identify the possible immun...
Neuropeptides are involved in numerous brain activities and are responsible for a wide spectrum of higher mental functions. The main purpose of this outline structural qualitative study was to identify the possible immunoreactivity of classical neuropeptides, as well as novel ones such as nesfatin-1, phoenixin (PNX), spexin (SPX), neuromedin U (NMU) and respective receptors within the rat claustrum for the first time. The study shows the novel identification of peptidergic neurotransmission in the rat claustrum which potentially implicates a contribution of this neuropeptide to numerous central neurosecretory mechanisms.
Sunset Yellow induced biochemical and histopathological alterations in rat brain sub-regions.
Bhatt D, Vyas K, Singh S … +2 more , John PJ, Soni IP
Acta Histochem · 2024 Apr · PMID 38489857 · Publisher ↗
Sunset Yellow, a synthetic orange azo food dye was examined in this study for its impact on the Wistar rat brain sub-regions. The dye was administered orally to weanling rats at the Acceptable Daily Intake level (4 mg/kg...
Sunset Yellow, a synthetic orange azo food dye was examined in this study for its impact on the Wistar rat brain sub-regions. The dye was administered orally to weanling rats at the Acceptable Daily Intake level (4 mg/kg/bw) for 40 days, and brain sub-regions viz., frontal cortex, cerebellum and hippocampus were examined for biochemical and histopathological changes. The results showed a significant decrease in tissue protein levels, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activity, as well as a significant increase in lipid peroxide levels in all brain sub-regions. Glutathione-S-transferase and Glutathione Reductase activities decreased, while Glutathione peroxidase activity increased. The biogenic amine levels and Acetylcholinesterase activity were also altered, with the frontal cortex and hippocampus being the most affected. Additionally, the dye caused histopathological damage in all brain sub-regions examined. This study indicates that the ADI level of Sunset Yellow may adversely affect brain tissue by causing oxidative damage.
Sheet-like interstitial cells connect epithelial and smooth muscle cells in the mouse prostate.
Kawaguchi Y, Ohta K, Hiroshige T … +4 more , Uemura KI, Togo A, Nakamura KI, Igawa T
Acta Histochem · 2024 Apr · PMID 38484443 · Publisher ↗
Epithelial-stromal relationship in the prostate gland is crucial for maintaining homeostasis, including functional differentiation, proliferation, and quiescence. Pathological stromal changes are believed to cause benign...
Epithelial-stromal relationship in the prostate gland is crucial for maintaining homeostasis, including functional differentiation, proliferation, and quiescence. Pathological stromal changes are believed to cause benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The prostate stromal tissue is known to have several subtypes of interstitial cells that connect the epithelium and smooth muscle. However, the characteristics of their morphology and connection patterns are not fully understood. Therefore, we aimed to investigated the three-dimensional morphology and intercellular interactions of interstitial cells in the prostate ventral lobe of mature wild-type mice using immunohistochemistry and focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy tomography (FIB-SEM tomography). The prostate interstitial cells exhibited immunohistochemical subtypes, including PDGFRα single-positive, CD34 single-positive, and CD34 and PDGFRα double-positive. PDGFRα single-positive cells were observed as elongated cells just below the epithelium, CD34 single-positive cells were observed as polygonal cells in the area away from the epithelium, and double-positive cells were observed as elongated cells situated slightly deeper than PDGFRα single-positive cells. Furthermore, connexin43-immunoreactive puncta were observed on interstitial cells just beneath the epithelium, suggestive of possible electrical connections among the PDGFRα single-positive interstitial cells. Three-dimensional structural analysis using FIB-SEM tomography revealed sheet-like multilayered interstitial cells that appear to separate the glandular terminal from the deeper interstitial tissue, which includes smooth muscle and capillaries. Further, epithelial cells might be indirectly connected to the smooth muscle and nerve fibers via these sheet-like multilayered interstitial cellular networks. These findings suggest that the cellular network that separates the glandular terminals from the deep interstitial tissue functionally bridges the epithelium and smooth muscle, possibly playing a pivotal role in prostate tissue homeostasis through the epithelial-smooth muscle or epithelial-stromal relationships.
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