Arch Med Sci [JOURNAL]
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200 papers
Trends in stroke prevalence caused by an elevated body mass index in the European population.
Tao M, Wu Y, Cao H … +1 more , Peng H
Arch Med Sci · 2025 · PMID 40741242 · Full text
INTRODUCTION: This study investigated the complex relationship between an elevated body mass index (BMI) and stroke risk in Europe amidst rising obesity rates and an aging population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A joinpoint re...
INTRODUCTION: This study investigated the complex relationship between an elevated body mass index (BMI) and stroke risk in Europe amidst rising obesity rates and an aging population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A joinpoint regression model was used to fit the data on stroke mortality rates attributed to an elevated BMI. The age period cohort model was used to analyze the effects of age, period, and birth cohort on trends in stroke prevalence related to an elevated BMI from 1990-2019 in the European context. A Bayesian age-period-cohort model was used to project age-standardized stroke mortality attributed to elevated BMI in Europe from 2020 to 2044. RESULTS: Stroke mortality rates attributed to an elevated BMI displayed a wave-like declining trend in Europe, decreasing from 21.73/100,000 in 1990 to 14.01/100,000 in 2019. The most substantial decline in stroke mortality rate occurred between 2003 and 2013 (age period cohort analysis: -4.10%, 95% CI: -4.44 to -3.75; < 0.001). Male mortality rates decreased from 21.48/100,000 in 1990 to 15.45/100,000 in 2019, while female rates declined more significantly from 21.40/100,000 in 1990 to 12.48/100,000 in 2019. Age-standardized stroke mortality due to elevated BMI is projected to decline in Europe over the next 25 years. Age-standardized stroke mortality due to increased BMI is expected to continue declining in Europe over the next 25 years, with projected reductions of 12.99% in males and 13.01% in females by 2044. CONCLUSIONS: From 1990 to 2019, stroke mortality rates associated with elevated BMI in Europe steadily increased. However, projections suggest a slight decline in the near future. Given these trends, there is an urgent need to enhance weight management for stroke patients and increase public health awareness, particularly among men and the elderly, to reduce stroke-related mortality.
A retrospective analysis of the association of obesity with anthracycline- and trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity in the treatment of breast cancer and lymphoma.
Huff ML, Gupta R, Gupta R … +8 more , Schadler KC, Duka S, Histon-Figliolini V, Kalter J, Joshi AM, Ahmad NV, Aronow WS, Sundlof DW
Arch Med Sci · 2025 · PMID 40741241 · Full text
INTRODUCTION: Trastuzumab and anthracyclines are mainstays of chemotherapy in breast cancer and lymphoma patients but may cause significant cardiotoxicity, which may result in alterations to chemotherapy dose, schedule,...
INTRODUCTION: Trastuzumab and anthracyclines are mainstays of chemotherapy in breast cancer and lymphoma patients but may cause significant cardiotoxicity, which may result in alterations to chemotherapy dose, schedule, or agent. Obesity is increasingly prevalent in the United States and is a significant risk factor for both cardiovascular disease and certain cancers. We aimed to assess the relationship between obesity and the risk of developing chemotherapy-associated cardiotoxicity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective chart review was conducted of all patients who received trastuzumab or anthracyclines over a 5-year period from January 1, 2008, to December 31, 2012 at our tertiary care center in the Northeastern United States. Obesity was defined as a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m. Cardiotoxicity was defined as demonstrated left ventricular ejection fraction less than 50% or demonstrated ischemia or infarction on echocardiogram or cardiac catheterization. Bivariate analyses were conducted to determine the association between demographic and clinical variables with cardiotoxicity status. Two multivariate logistic regression models were generated to assess whether BMI was independently associated with cardiotoxicity. RESULTS: Of the 368 patients receiving either trastuzumab or anthracyclines, 16 patients developed cardiotoxicity. Demographically, age, race, BMI, body surface area (BSA), and overall weight did not differ between the patients who developed cardiotoxicity and those who did not. The mean dose of anthracycline and trastuzumab did not differ between the patients who developed cardiotoxicity and those who did not. Obesity was not found to increase the odds of developing cardiotoxicity and was slightly protective. A non-significant decrease in the odds of developing cardiotoxicity was found for every one-unit increase in BMI. In a multivariable model using BMI as a continuous predictor and controlling for BMI, age, hypertension, chemotherapy type, and coronary artery disease, the only significant predictor of cardiotoxicity was a previous history of arrhythmia. CONCLUSIONS: Obesity was not a significant risk factor for patients developing cardiotoxicity from trastuzumab- or anthracycline-based chemotherapy and may be a protective factor for cardiotoxicity. Additional studies with greater statistical power are needed to further evaluate this effect and independently evaluate obesity as a risk factor for cardiotoxicity.
Exploring the mediating role of the plasma lipidome in the pathway from the gut microbiota to dementia: a Mendelian randomization study.
Li B, Sun X, Luo X … +6 more , Kan Y, Wang W, Wang T, Wu C, Hu Y, Bi X
Arch Med Sci · 2025 · PMID 40741240 · Full text
INTRODUCTION: Previous studies have indicated a potential association between the gut microbiota (GM) and dementia; however, the exact cause-and-effect relationships between GM, various types of dementia, and the potenti...
INTRODUCTION: Previous studies have indicated a potential association between the gut microbiota (GM) and dementia; however, the exact cause-and-effect relationships between GM, various types of dementia, and the potential influence of the plasma lipidome as intermediaries are still unclear. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We used genome-wide association study (GWAS) data to identify GM taxa, plasma lipid species (lipidome), and five types of dementia: Alzheimer's disease (AD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and vascular dementia (VD). We used Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the possible causal connections among the GM, plasma lipidome, and dementias. The inverse variance weighting (IVW) method served as the primary statistical approach. We investigated the role of plasma lipidome as a potential mediating factor in this relationship. RESULTS: A total of 41 positive and 39 negative causal relationships between genetic susceptibility in the GM taxa or bacterial pathways and dementia, as well as 14 negative causal relationships between the plasma lipidome and dementias, were identified. Additionally, only 1 potential mediation pathway was identified as having a significant mediating effect. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest a link between the GM and the plasma lipidome with five distinct types of dementia, indicating that the phosphatidylcholine (O-16:1_18:2) level could play a role in the pathway from the species to vascular dementia.
The C2HEST score on admission to hospital may successfully predict clinical outcomes of COVID-19 in the all-comers population.
Doroszko A, Trocha M, Kujawa K … +10 more , Machowiak J, Jodkowska A, Rola P, Sowizdraniuk J, Lubieniecki P, Koral M, Stanek A, Sokołowski J, Jankowska EA, Madziarska K
Arch Med Sci · 2025 · PMID 40741239 · Full text
INTRODUCTION: During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, intensive efforts have been made to identify COVID-19 outcome predictors. The C2HEST score, used to predict the atrial fibrillation risk, reflects the presence of comorbiditi...
INTRODUCTION: During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, intensive efforts have been made to identify COVID-19 outcome predictors. The C2HEST score, used to predict the atrial fibrillation risk, reflects the presence of comorbidities. This study aimed to demonstrate the usefulness of this score in predicting COVID-19 outcomes in hospitalized individuals. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 2184 medical records of subjects hospitalized due to COVID-19 between February 2020 and June 2021 were analyzed. Subjects were categorized into low/medium/high-risk categories according to the C2HEST score. Outcomes included: in-hospital-, 3- and 6-month-all-cause-mortality, non-fatal hospitalization endpoints, and other in-hospital events. RESULTS: 598 deaths (27.4%), including 326 in-hospital (15%), were reported. All types of mortality were highest in the high-risk stratum (35.4%, 54.4%, 56.9%, respectively), and lowest in the low-risk stratum (8.4%, 15%, 37.5%, respectively). The ROC revealed that C2HEST allows one to predict 1-month mortality (AUC30 70.7) and remained at a similar level after 3- and 6-month observation (AUC90 = 72.0 and AUC180 = 67). The -value for the log-rank test comparing survival curves was < 0.0001. An increase of one C2HEST point raised the overall death rate 1.4-fold. A change from the low- to medium-risk increased the death rate 3.4 times, while between the low- and high-risk-stratum the hazard ratio was 5.0. The C2HEST score also revealed predictive value for pneumonia, sepsis, cardiogenic shock, myocardial injury, acute heart failure, kidney/liver injury, stroke, and gastrointestinal bleeding. CONCLUSIONS: The C2HEST score can predict COVID-19 outcomes in hospitalized subjects. This simple score, based on comorbidities, may address medical needs in the risk stratification of COVID19 patients.
From cirrhosis to hepatogenous diabetes: risk factors and glycemic management.
Zhang J, Zhang H, Zeng Y … +5 more , Guo Y, Zhou T, Liu C, Ji R, Gao Y
Arch Med Sci · 2025 · PMID 40395912 · Full text
INTRODUCTION: Our study analyzed the risk factors associated with hepatogenous diabetes (HD) and compared glycemic control under various treatment modalities. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The multicenter study included 327 pati...
INTRODUCTION: Our study analyzed the risk factors associated with hepatogenous diabetes (HD) and compared glycemic control under various treatment modalities. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The multicenter study included 327 patients with HD, while 329 non-diabetic liver cirrhosis (LC) patients were selected as the control group for examining HD risk factors. Three groups of HD patients with HbA were distinguished based on their glucose-lowering treatment regimen to compare glycemic control. RESULTS: The results indicated that longer disease duration of cirrhosis (OR = 1.111, 95% CI: 1.072-1.152, < 0.001), vertical transmission of hepatitis B (OR = 2.254, 95% CI: 1.239-4.103, = 0.008), a high Child-Pugh grade (OR = 1.566, 95% CI: 1.202-2.041, = 0.001) and higher blood triglyceride levels (OR = 2.695, 95% CI: 2.054-3.537, < 0.001) were independent risk factors for HD. A history of endoscopic treatment (OR = 0.615, 95% CI: 0.407-0.928, = 0.021) was a protective factor for HD. Insulin or insulin in combination with oral hypoglycemic agents is more effective compared to oral medication alone (1 < 0.05, 2 < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The risk factors for HD include prolonged duration of LC, vertical transmission of hepatitis B, higher Child-Pugh grade, and elevated blood triglyceride levels. A history of endoscopic treatment was found to be a protective factor. Glycemic management was substantially enhanced among patients who received insulin therapy, either alone or combined with oral hypoglycemic drugs, as opposed to those who depended solely on oral hypoglycemic agents.
Association between type 1 diabetes mellitus and esophageal varices: a Mendelian randomization study.
Feng K, Yuan J, Wei Y … +1 more , Li M
Arch Med Sci · 2025 · PMID 40395911 · Full text
INTRODUCTION: Esophageal varices (EV) are dilated submucosal veins in the distal esophagus connecting the portal vein to the systemic circulation. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic autoimmune disease associate...
INTRODUCTION: Esophageal varices (EV) are dilated submucosal veins in the distal esophagus connecting the portal vein to the systemic circulation. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic autoimmune disease associated with a variety of cardiovascular and peripheral vascular diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the causal relationship between T1DM and EV from a genetic perspective. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We performed a genome-wide association study of the causal relationship between T1DM and EV using pooled data from the GWAS database. Firstly, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study of these two diseases. Next, we used multivariate Mendelian randomization (MVMR) to further confirm the effect of type 1 diabetes on esophageal varices after excluding confounding factors such as cirrhosis and immune system disorders associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Sensitivity analyses were performed using Cochran's Q test, MR-Egger intercept, MR Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier (MR-PRESSO) methods, leave-one-out analysis and funnel plots. RESULTS: In all two-sample MR analyses, the -values of the IVW were all < 0.05. Meanwhile, the odds ratios (ORs) of both IVW and MR-Egger analyses were > 1, and the directions of the IVW and MR-Egger assays were consistent. No horizontal pleiotropy was found for the MR-Egger intercept, and leave-one out analysis showed that the results remained stable after the removal of individual SNPs. MVMR analysis showed that the causal relationship between type 1 diabetes mellitus and esophageal varices persisted after exclusion of immune-related confounders. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the MR analysis supported a causal relationship between T1DM and EV risk.
Cardiometabolic risk in non-diabetic metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MAFLD) patients: insights from the triglyceride-glucose, plasma atherogenic, and cardiometabolic index.
Ciftel S, Çiftel S, Baykan AR … +3 more , Cerrah S, Çiftel E, Mercantepe F
Arch Med Sci · 2025 · PMID 40395910 · Full text
INTRODUCTION: The objective of our study was to examine the correlation between hepatosteatosis and the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG), plasma atherogenic index (PAI), and cardiometabolic index (CMI) in nondiabetic pat...
INTRODUCTION: The objective of our study was to examine the correlation between hepatosteatosis and the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG), plasma atherogenic index (PAI), and cardiometabolic index (CMI) in nondiabetic patients. We also aimed to assess the usefulness of these indices in evaluating cardiometabolic risk in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MAFLD). MATERIAL AND METHODS: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 695 individuals who did not have diabetes, with an average age of 39.8 ±11.3 years. A total of 595 individuals, comprising 359 women and 236 men, were diagnosed with MAFLD. The control group consisted of 100 individuals who did not have MAFLD. All the subjects underwent transabdominal ultrasonography, anthropometric measurements, and blood analyses. The groups were assessed based on the TyG index, PAI, and CMI. RESULTS: TyG, PAI, and CMI were greater in patients with MAFLD than those without MAFLD. The TyG index, with a cutoff point of 8.47, excluded significant simple steatosis with a sensitivity of 65.3% and a specificity of 66.0%. The PAI and CMI cutoff values were 0.39 and 1.40, with sensitivities of 66.6% and 70.1% and specificities of 67.0% and 70.1%, respectively. The TyG index was independently associated with MAFLD (OR = 2.21, 95% CI: 1.339-3.665). CONCLUSIONS: The presence of MAFLD patients with a normal BMI and waist circumference indicates that these variables alone do not provide enough evidence for the diagnosis of MAFLD. Hence, it is advisable to incorporate the TyG index, the PAI, and the CMI into regular clinical practice to obtain a more precise and thorough evaluation of MAFLD and cardiometabolic risk.
Cardiovascular and metabolic effects of ovarian suppression in combination with tamoxifen or an aromatase inhibitor as adjuvant therapy for early oestrogen receptor-positive breast cancer: a systematic review.
Gue YX, Lau D, Shantsila A … +2 more , Lip GYH, Palmieri C
Arch Med Sci · 2025 · PMID 40395907 · Full text
INTRODUCTION: Adjuvant endocrine therapy is a key treatment in oestrogen receptor positive early breast cancer (BC). For premenopausal women, ovarian function suppression (OFS) in combination with either tamoxifen or aro...
INTRODUCTION: Adjuvant endocrine therapy is a key treatment in oestrogen receptor positive early breast cancer (BC). For premenopausal women, ovarian function suppression (OFS) in combination with either tamoxifen or aromatase inhibitor (AI) is utilised in high-risk cases. The resultant suppression of circulating oestradiol from OFS could have adverse cardiovascular and metabolic effects, subsequently increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A systematic search of online databases was conducted to identify randomised control trials involving OFS which reported cardiovascular and metabolic adverse events. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using a random-effects model. RESULTS: Four studies with a total of 7808 participants were included in the analysis. Tamoxifen alone carries a lower risk of hypertension compared with tamoxifen plus OFS (4.81% vs. 7.57%, OR = 0.67; 95% CI: 0.49-0.91; = 0.01). The tamoxifen alone group showed a lower risk of hyperglycaemia compared to tamoxifen with OFS (0.10% vs. 0.86%, OR = 0.11; 95% CI: 0.02-0.85, = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Our study highlights the potential cardio-metabolic impact of endocrine therapy and OFS on premenopausal women with BC. It also highlights the pressing need for standardisation of routine collection and recording of cardiometabolic history and risk factors as part of baseline assessment and adverse event reporting to better understand the cardiometabolic impact these treatments have on our patients. Further studies, with particular focus on baseline and subsequent development of cardiovascular risk factors, are needed to explore the impact of these drugs on the cardiovascular health of young women with BC.
2024: The year in cardiovascular disease - the year of lipoprotein(a). Research advances and new findings.
Sosnowska B, Toth PP, Razavi AC … +3 more , Remaley AT, Blumenthal RS, Banach M
Arch Med Sci · 2025 · PMID 40395905 · Full text
Elevated plasma lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] levels, which occur in as many as 1.5 billion people worldwide, are an independent and causal risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and calcific aortic valve diseas...
Elevated plasma lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] levels, which occur in as many as 1.5 billion people worldwide, are an independent and causal risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and calcific aortic valve disease. Unlike low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, Lp(a) levels are approximately 70-90% genetically determined. Currently, no approved pharmacological therapies specifically target lowering Lp(a) concentrations. Several drugs, mainly RNA-based therapies, that specifically and potently lower Lp(a), are under investigation. Three of these new therapeutic agents are advancing through clinical development to evaluate whether reducing Lp(a) levels can decrease cardiovascular risk. The outcomes of these trials could potentially transform cardiovascular disease prevention strategies; however, once approved, the drugs will likely be used for secondary prevention, and ongoing strategies for managing elevated Lp(a) in primary prevention will be important. Lipoprotein(a) research is a rapidly evolving field, but unanswered questions remain concerning the physiological function of Lp(a) and its true pathogenic mechanisms. This review of Lp(a) research focuses on new findings and clinical trial results that appeared in 2024.
The expression of follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) and nerve growth factor (NGF) in endometriomas.
Afshari-Stasiak S, Kobierzycki C, Piotrowska A … +3 more , Rycerz A, Wilczynski J, Szubert M
Arch Med Sci · 2025 · PMID 40395904 · Full text
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Insights into the role of miR-877 and histidine-rich glycoprotein in preeclampsia.
Khairy E, Zakariyah A, Saleem R … +2 more , Hemeda H, Nabil M
Arch Med Sci · 2025 · PMID 40395902 · Full text
INTRODUCTION: The clinical significance of miR-877 and histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG) in preeclampsia (PE) remains unknown. Bioinformatics analyses have identified HRG as a target for numerous microRNAs. Based on nove...
INTRODUCTION: The clinical significance of miR-877 and histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG) in preeclampsia (PE) remains unknown. Bioinformatics analyses have identified HRG as a target for numerous microRNAs. Based on novelty and target score, miR-877 was selected for this study to assess the clinical significance of miR-877 and HRG in placental and serum samples from patients with PE, with the aim of elucidating their potential role in disease progression. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study included 75 placental tissue samples and 75 serum samples obtained from patients with PE and normal controls. The PE group was subdivided into mild and severe cases. Relative quantification of miR-877 and HRG was performed using quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. RESULTS: Placental and serum miR-877 levels were significantly elevated in pregnancies with PE, especially in severe cases, compared to normal controls. However, there were significant reductions in HRG serum levels along with significant increases in placental HRG levels among patients with PE. Moreover, significant differences in miR-877 and HRG levels were noted between the PE and control groups. CONCLUSIONS: miR-877 and HRG may play a role in the pathogenesis and progression of PE. Moreover, miR-877 potentially plays a role in the dysregulation of HRG. In addition, these molecules are potential biomarkers for the detection of PE as well as differentiation of mild and severe cases.
Evaluation of microbiome composition combined with serum untargeted metabolomic profiling in newly diagnosed children with inflammatory bowel disease.
Zdanowicz K, Pietrowska K, Lebensztejn DM … +5 more , Ciborowski M, Godzien J, Kretowski A, Daniluk J, Daniluk U
Arch Med Sci · 2025 · PMID 40395900 · Full text
INTRODUCTION: The relationship between the intestinal microbiota, metabolites, and development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is still being investigated. We aimed to assess whether the gut microbiome and serum meta...
INTRODUCTION: The relationship between the intestinal microbiota, metabolites, and development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is still being investigated. We aimed to assess whether the gut microbiome and serum metabolic profile are consistent with a diagnosis of Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) in children with newly diagnosed disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Bacterial abundance in fecal samples was evaluated using a 16S rRNA DNA-based test in treatment-naive children with IBD ( = 18) and healthy controls ( = 10). Metabolic fingerprinting of serum samples of the same individuals was estimated using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. RESULTS: It was not possible to discriminate between CD and UC patients based on the gut microbiota profiles, but surprisingly, in the principal component analysis (PCA) model we observed a spontaneous separation of IBD patients into two groups, independently of IBD type. Then, serum metabolic profiles of these two microbiota-based groups of IBD patients were compared using orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) modelling. Good quality models were obtained based on serum metabolomics data collected in positive and negative ion mode. In total, 12 metabolites significantly discriminating these groups were identified. CONCLUSIONS: Based on microbiota profiling, a grouping of IBD patients, unrelated to the IBD type, was noted. These two groups also have specific serum metabolic profiles. Further studies are needed to assess whether IBD patients, depending on their gut microbiota and serum metabolite composition, require different treatments and whether that impacts disease outcomes.
The SP1/SNHG16/GLUT1 axis promotes prostate cancer proliferation and invasion by regulating glucose metabolism.
Huang H, Zhang W
Arch Med Sci · 2025 · PMID 40395899 · Full text
INTRODUCTION: The SP1/SNHG16/GLUT1 axis is involved in diverse cancer-related processes. This study was designed to study the role of the SP1/SNHG16/GLUT1 axis in prostate cancer (PCa) via modulation of glucose metabolis...
INTRODUCTION: The SP1/SNHG16/GLUT1 axis is involved in diverse cancer-related processes. This study was designed to study the role of the SP1/SNHG16/GLUT1 axis in prostate cancer (PCa) via modulation of glucose metabolism. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The expression profile of SNHG16 in PCa tissues was obtained from the online public database GEPIA (http://gepia.cancer-pku.cn/). Human prostate cancer cell lines, PC-3 and DU-145, were used in this study. Real-time qPCR was employed to determine the mRNA expression levels of SNHG16 and GLUT1. To assess cellular proliferation, CCK-8 assays were performed. Cellular invasion was evaluated using Transwell assays, and glycolysis was monitored through glucose uptake, lactate production, and ATP generation measurements. RESULTS: Analysis of GEPIA2 data revealed upregulation of SNHG16 in PCa tissues and a positive association between GLUT1 (SLC2A1) and SP1/SNHG16 expression in the correlation study. Consistently, SPI and SNHG16 were either overexpressed or knocked down in PCa cells to reveal the role of the SP1/SNHG16/GLUT1 axis. The results demonstrated that PC-3 and DU145 cell proliferation was promoted by the overexpression of either SPI or SNHG16. On the other hand, PC-3 and DU145 cell proliferation was reduced upon knockdown of SP1 or SNHG16. A real-time qPCR study revealed that GLUT1 mRNA was upregulated by SP1/SNHG16 overexpression and downregulated by SP1/SNHG16 knockdown. In PCa cells, overexpression of SNHG16/SP1 resulted in enhanced utilization of glucose, lactose, and ATP production, whereas SNHG16/SP1 knockdown had the reverse effect. Lastly, Transwell assay results showed that overexpression of SNHG16/SP1 promoted, while knockdown of SNHG16/SP1 inhibited, the invasiveness of PC-3 and DU145 PCa cells. CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, the evidence indicates that the SP1/SNHG16/GLUT1 axis regulates proliferation of PCa cells via the glycolytic route and thus may act as a therapeutic target for PCa treatment.
Mendelian randomization studies of diagnostic value of standard biochemistry serum enzymes portfolio in cardiovascular diseases.
Liu J, Cao Q, Lu D … +2 more , Zheng B, Wen J
Arch Med Sci · 2025 · PMID 40395898 · Full text
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Efficacy and harms associated with β-blockers for cardiotoxicity in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Li JT, Duddy AM, Cardona M … +2 more , Pasupuleti V, Hernandez AV
Arch Med Sci · 2025 · PMID 40395897 · Full text
INTRODUCTION: In patients with breast cancer and lymphoma, anthracyclines are associated with early and late dose-related cardiotoxicity. We systematically evaluated the efficacy and harms of the use of β-blockers in bre...
INTRODUCTION: In patients with breast cancer and lymphoma, anthracyclines are associated with early and late dose-related cardiotoxicity. We systematically evaluated the efficacy and harms of the use of β-blockers in breast cancer and lymphoma patients undergoing chemotherapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We searched five engines, and pre-prints until October 10, 2022, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating β-blockers for anthracycline-associated cardiotoxicity in breast cancer and lymphoma patients. Primary outcomes were all-cause mortality, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic diameter (LVEDD, LVESD), peak E' velocity, E/A ratio, E/e' ratio, and NT-pro BNP levels. The secondary outcome was heart rate. Inverse variance random effect meta-analyses were performed, and we used GRADE methods to assess quality of evidence (QoE). RESULTS: Twelve RCTs were selected ( = 1,794). Seven RCTs evaluated carvedilol. Mean ages were 39 to 52 years; 88.5% were women; 79.4% had breast cancer, and 11.5% lymphoma. The evidence was very uncertain about the effect of β-blockers on all-cause mortality (RR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.55 to 1.37, 12 RCTs, = 0%, very low QoE), LVEF (MD = 2.73%, 95% CI: -0.45% to 5.92%, 12 RCTs, = 93%, very low QoE), and heart rate (MD = -9.14 bpm, 95% CI: -15.02 to -3.26, two RCTs, = 87%, very low QoE) vs. controls. β-blockers likely reduced NT-pro BNP levels slightly (MD = -15.35 pg/ml, 95% CI: -22.39 to -8.31, two RCTs, = 0%, moderate QoE). There were no effects on other outcomes, all with very low QoE. CONCLUSIONS: Prophylactic use of β-blockers for cardioprotection had little to no effect on all-cause mortality, LVEF or cardiac function outcomes in cancer patients undergoing anthracycline therapy.
Predictive score for in-hospital mortality in patients with severe acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Hu Y, Li Y, Xing Z … +3 more , Cao Y, Long H, Guo Y
Arch Med Sci · 2025 · PMID 40395893 · Full text
INTRODUCTION: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has shown a rising trend in morbidity and mortality over the years, leading to a growing economic burden globally. The aim of this study was to establish a predi...
INTRODUCTION: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has shown a rising trend in morbidity and mortality over the years, leading to a growing economic burden globally. The aim of this study was to establish a predictive score for assessing the risk of death in patients with severe acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) to help clinicians evaluate the condition and prognosis of patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients hospitalized for severe AECOPD were consecutively included. All patients were randomly assigned to the developmental and validation cohorts in a 7 : 3 ratio. We identified independent prognostic factors for in-hospital mortality in the development cohort by univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis. In the validation cohort, the predictive power of the new score was verified and compared to the other four scores. RESULTS: A total of 488 patients with severe AECOPD who were hospitalized between January 2011 and October 2022 were included. The mean age was 78.0 ±8.2 years and 361 (74.0%) of the patients were male. The development cohort included 342 patients, 40 of whom died during hospitalization. The five independent risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality according to multi-factorial regression analysis were white blood cell count (WBC) > 10 × 10/l, lymphocyte count < 0.8 × 10/l, age > 80 years, confusion, and chronic heart failure. In the validation cohort, the new prediction score had good predictive power (AUC = 0.826, 95% CI: 0.724-0.928) and performed more strongly than other clinical prediction scores. CONCLUSIONS: The new predictive score is a simple and effective way to predict mortality in hospitalized patients with severe AECOPD.
Influenza in hospitalized pediatric patients in Poland: a retrospective single-center study of the 2023/2024 epidemic season.
Angiel K, Stopyra L
Arch Med Sci · 2025 · PMID 40395891 · Full text
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Association between Life's Essential 8 and depression: a population-based study.
Jin H, Wu P, Wang Z … +3 more , Su W, Cai L, Chen H
Arch Med Sci · 2025 · PMID 40395890 · Full text
INTRODUCTION: Previous research has established a connection between depression and an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease. In this study, we sought to examine the association between Life's Essential 8 (LE8), an upd...
INTRODUCTION: Previous research has established a connection between depression and an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease. In this study, we sought to examine the association between Life's Essential 8 (LE8), an updated metric for assessing cardiovascular health, and the prevalence and severity of depressive symptoms. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This investigation draws on data from 29 100 participants in the 2005-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. LE8 was determined by eight metrics (diet, physical activity (PA), nicotine exposure, sleep quality, body mass index, blood lipid levels, blood glucose, and blood pressure (BP)), and was characterized as low, moderate, and high cardiovascular health (CVH). We examined the association between LE8 scores and depression using multivariate logistic regression, adjusting for a range of sociodemographic, lifestyle, and health-related variables. RESULTS: Higher LE8 scores and CVH levels were associated with lower odds of depression. Each additional LE8 point correlated with 5% lower odds of depression ( < 0.05). Participants with low CVH had over 8-fold higher odds of depression compared to those with high CVH ( < 0.05). Those with moderate CVH had around 3-fold higher odds versus high CVH ( < 0.05). These associations persisted after adjustment for sociodemographics, health behaviors, and clinical variables. A higher LE8 displayed a negative association with all-cause mortality (HR = 0.975, 95% CI: 0.972, 0.978, < 0.0001) and cardiovascular mortality (HR = 0.987, 95% CI: 0.981,0.993, < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Higher adherence to LE8 lifestyle recommendations was associated with lower odds of depression in a nationally representative sample. Promoting LE8 may be an effective public health strategy to prevent depression.
Celastrol attenuates Alzheimer's disease-mediated learning and memory impairment by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced inflammation and oxidative stress.
Cao F, Xu L, He X … +4 more , Chi Y, Wang Y, Liu Q, Zhang D
Arch Med Sci · 2025 · PMID 40395889 · Full text
INTRODUCTION: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is triggered by biological mechanisms such as neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress can lead to the expression of molecular chaperones in the ER,...
INTRODUCTION: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is triggered by biological mechanisms such as neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress can lead to the expression of molecular chaperones in the ER, which helps in restoring cellular homeostasis. Researchers have highlighted the role of ER stress in the progression of AD, suggesting that regulating it could be a potential treatment strategy for AD. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We induced AD in mice by injecting amyloid beta-peptide 25-35 (Aβ25-35) bilaterally into the CA1 of the dorsal hippocampus. Some mice were administered celastrol intraperitoneally before the Aβ25-35 injection, while others received it after the injection. The mice underwent the Barnes maze cognitive test and Morris water maze test to assess learning and memory impairment. Levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor α, and IL-10 were measured to evaluate inflammation, while total antioxidant capacity, catalase, malondialdehyde, and superoxide dismutase levels were analyzed to estimate oxidative stress. RESULTS: Our study showed that pre-treatment with celastrol could prevent learning and memory decline in AD mice by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress. Celastrol also inhibited AD-induced inflammation and oxidative stress. Additionally, celastrol suppressed AD progression by targeting ER stress. These results suggest that celastrol treatment could be beneficial in addressing learning and memory deficits in AD, paving the way for potential neuroprotective treatments. CONCLUSIONS: Celastrol effectively improved learning and memory impairments in AD mice by targeting ER stress-induced inflammation and oxidative stress. This highlights the potential of celastrol as a therapeutic agent for AD.
Analysis of the current status of computed tomography diagnosis of sarcopenia.
He Q, Xia W
Arch Med Sci · 2025 · PMID 40395884 · Full text
Sarcopenia is a clinical syndrome characterized by the reduction of skeletal muscle mass and strength, leading to adverse events such as falls, fractures, frailty, disability, and increased mortality. Compared to previou...
Sarcopenia is a clinical syndrome characterized by the reduction of skeletal muscle mass and strength, leading to adverse events such as falls, fractures, frailty, disability, and increased mortality. Compared to previous diagnostic techniques such as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), and body composition analysis, computed tomography (CT) offers significant advantages. Opportunistic CT imaging, enhanced by artificial intelligence (AI) software, provides a superior diagnostic tool for sarcopenia. AI software can automatically segment muscle groups on opportunistic CT images from different populations, enabling the efficient calculation of body composition parameters and more accurate and rapid diagnosis of sarcopenia. Early intervention may significantly reduce adverse clinical outcomes associated with sarcopenia. This study aims to evaluate the advantages of using CT images compared to traditional diagnostic techniques and to assess the value of skeletal muscle parameters at different spinal levels on opportunistic CT images for diagnosing sarcopenia.
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