Planta Med. [JOURNAL]
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200 papers
A Metabolomic Approach to Investigate the Effect of Phytonutrients on Proteostasis and Metabolic Pathways in Drosophila melanogaster.
Mikropoulou EV, Evangelakou Z, Trougakos IP … +1 more , Halabalaki M
Planta Med · 2024 Jun · PMID 38843791 · Publisher ↗
The use of as a biological platform to study the effect of diet and food bioactives on the metabolome remains a highly unexplored subject. Aiming to establish alternative solutions for the investigation of nutritional i...
The use of as a biological platform to study the effect of diet and food bioactives on the metabolome remains a highly unexplored subject. Aiming to establish alternative solutions for the investigation of nutritional interventions with bioactive natural products by employing LC-MS-based metabolomics approaches, we assessed the effect of a phytonutrient-rich extract from the endemic Mediterranean plant (stamnagkàthi) on a population. The extract's modulating effect on the proteostasis network and metabolism of young flies was evaluated. Furthermore, an untargeted metabolomics approach, employing a C18 UPLC-ESI-Orbitrap-HRMS/MS platform, permitted the detection of several biomarkers in the metabolic profile of 's tissues; while targeted amino acid quantification in tissue was simultaneously performed by employing aTRAQ labeling and an ion-pairing UPLC-ESI-SWATH-HRMS/MS platform. The detected metabolites belong to different chemical classes, and statistical analysis with chemometrics tools was utilized to reveal patterns and trends, as well as to uncover potential class-distinguishing features and possible biomarkers. Our findings suggest that can serve as a valuable model for investigating the role of bioactive phytoconstituents, like those found in 's decoction, on diverse metabolic processes. Additionally, the fruit fly represents a highly effective platform to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying sex differences in diverse aspects of nutrition and physiology in higher metazoans.
VOLKSMED Database: A Source for Forgotten Wound Healing Plants in Austrian Folk Medicine.
Eichenauer E, Saukel J, Glasl S
Planta Med · 2024 Jun · PMID 38843790 · Publisher ↗
The global increase in the incidence of wounds is concerning and fuels the search for new treatment options. The use of traditional medicinal plants in wound healing represents an appreciated available therapeutic possib...
The global increase in the incidence of wounds is concerning and fuels the search for new treatment options. The use of traditional medicinal plants in wound healing represents an appreciated available therapeutic possibility. This work introduces the VOLKSMED database, which contains plants and other materials used in Austrian folk medicine, either as monographs or mixtures. This work focuses on the monographs of the database. Concerning wound healing, sp., sp., and sp. are the most commonly used plants. The focus of this paper is set on selected lesser-known plants ( sp., sp., sp., ) and their status quo in literature concerning wound healing. A systematic search using the databases SciFinder, SCOPUS, and PubMed yielded substantial evidence for the wound healing potential of sp., sp., the Pinaceae and , as well as and clinical studies substantiate their use in Austrian folk medicine. According to the literature, especially and would be worth investigating in-depth since data concerning their wound healing effects - even though scarce - are convincing. In conclusion, the VOLKSMED database contains promising opportunities for further treatment options in the field of wound healing. Future research should consider the listed plants to support their traditional use in Austrian folk medicine and possibly promote the implementation of old knowledge in modern medicine.
Special Issue Celebrating the Austrian Pharmacognosy.
Planta Med · 2024 Jun · PMID 38843789 · Publisher ↗
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Discovery and Characterization of Panaxatriol as a Novel Thrombin Inhibitor from Panax notoginseng Using a Combination of Computational and Experimental Approaches.
Wang X, Ma Y, Zuo C … +6 more , Zhao Z, Ma R, Wang L, Fang Y, Zhang Y, Wu X
Planta Med · 2024 Aug · PMID 38838717 · Publisher ↗
Thrombin is a crucial enzyme in the coagulation cascade, and inhibitors of thrombin have been extensively studied as potential antithrombotic agents. The objective of this study was to identify natural inhibitors of thro...
Thrombin is a crucial enzyme in the coagulation cascade, and inhibitors of thrombin have been extensively studied as potential antithrombotic agents. The objective of this study was to identify natural inhibitors of thrombin from and evaluate their biological activity and binding characteristics. A combined approach involving molecular docking, thrombin inhibition assays, surface plasmon resonance, and molecular dynamics simulation was utilized to identify natural thrombin inhibitors. The results demonstrated that panaxatriol directly inhibits thrombin, with an IC of 10.3 µM. Binding studies using surface plasmon resonance revealed that panaxatriol interacts with thrombin, with a K value of 7.8 µM. Molecular dynamics analysis indicated that the thrombin-panaxatriol system reached equilibrium rapidly with minimal fluctuations, and the calculated binding free energy was - 23.8 kcal/mol. The interaction between panaxatriol and thrombin involves the amino acid residues Glu146, Glu192, Gly216, Gly219, Tyr60A, and Trp60D. This interaction provides a mechanistic basis for further optimizing panaxatriol as a thrombin inhibitor. Our study has shown that panaxatriol serves as a direct thrombin inhibitor, laying the groundwork for further research and development of novel thrombin inhibitors.
(R)-(-)-Xanthorrhizol Inhibits the Migration and Invasion of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells by Suppressing Matrix Metalloproteinases via the NF-κB Signaling Pathway.
Al-Amin M, Fazalul Rahiman SS, Khairuddean M … +1 more , Muhamad Salhimi S
Planta Med · 2024 Aug · PMID 38838716 · Publisher ↗
(R)-(-)-xanthorrhizol is a bioactive sesquiterpenoid and major chemical constituent of Curcuma zanthorrhiza rhizomes. It was reported to have many pharmacological activities including nephroprotective, hepatoprotective,...
(R)-(-)-xanthorrhizol is a bioactive sesquiterpenoid and major chemical constituent of Curcuma zanthorrhiza rhizomes. It was reported to have many pharmacological activities including nephroprotective, hepatoprotective, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antihypertensive, antihyperglycemic, antiplatelet, estrogenic, and antiestrogenic properties. (R)-(-)-xanthorrhizol was also investigated for antiproliferative activity against many cancer cells including breast, lung, liver, ovarian, and colon cancer. It was also revealed to have a potential effect on TNBC cells MDA-MB-231. Considering the previous studies, this study has aimed to investigate the antimigratory and anti-invasive properties, as well as the possible molecular mechanisms, behind these properties. The findings of (R)-(-)-xanthorrhizol on MDA-MB-231 cell migration and invasion demonstrated significant inhibition at three different concentrations in a concentration-dependent manner, which was observed in the scratch, transwell migration, and invasion assays. Further investigation of the molecular mechanism using gelatin zymography revealed that (R)-(-)-xanthorrhizol prevented cell migration and invasion of breast cancer cells through the inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression. Western blot analysis indicated that the inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases is possibly the result of the inhibition of phosphorylation in the NF-B signaling pathway. These findings corroborate (R)-(-)-xanthorrhizol to proceed for the further studies as a possible future drug candidate for cancer patients.
Paclitaxel - a Product of Fungal Secondary Metabolism or an Artefact?
Gärditz KF, Czesnick H
Planta Med · 2024 Aug · PMID 38754434 · Full text
Taxol (common name: paclitaxel) is an extremely important component of drugs for the treatment of various cancers. Thirty years after the discovery of its effectiveness, a metabolic precursor of Taxol (10-deacetylbaccati...
Taxol (common name: paclitaxel) is an extremely important component of drugs for the treatment of various cancers. Thirty years after the discovery of its effectiveness, a metabolic precursor of Taxol (10-deacetylbaccatin III) is still primarily extracted from needles of European yew trees. In order to meet the considerable demand, hopes were pinned on the possibilities of biotechnological production from the very beginning. In 1993, as if by chance, Taxol was supposedly discovered in fungi that grow endobiotically in yew trees. This finding aroused hopes of biotechnological use to produce fungal Taxol in large quantities in fermenters. It never came to that. Instead, a confusing flood of publications emerged that claimed to have detected Taxol in more and more eukaryotic and even prokaryotic species. However, researchers never reproduced these rather puzzling results, and they could certainly not be applied on an industrial scale. This paper will show that some of the misguided approaches were apparently based on a seemingly careless handling of sparse evidence and on at least questionable publications. Apparently, the desired gold rush of commercial exploitation was seductive. Scientific skepticism as an indispensable core of good scientific practice was often neglected, and the peer review process has not exerted its corrective effect. Self-critical reflection and more healthy skepticism could help to reduce the risk of such aberrations in drug development. This article uses this case study as a striking example to show what can be learned from the Taxol case in terms of research ethics and the avoidance of questionable research practices.
Estrogenic Activity of Derris scandens Stem Extract and its Major Compounds Using MCF-7 Cell Proliferation Assay and Estrogen-Related Gene Expression.
Sae-Foo W, Yusakul G, Nualkaew N … +1 more , Putalun W
Planta Med · 2024 Aug · PMID 38749481 · Publisher ↗
, which contains isoflavones and prenylated derivatives, has analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties and is an ingredient in traditional Thai medicine for perimenopause and menopause. However, the estrogenic activity...
, which contains isoflavones and prenylated derivatives, has analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties and is an ingredient in traditional Thai medicine for perimenopause and menopause. However, the estrogenic activity of has not yet been explored. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the estrogenic activity of the stem extract of and its isoflavone derivatives. In this study, we conducted a proliferation assay in MCF-7 cells, and used quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction to assess gene expression. We found that the relative cell proliferation of the compounds (1 µM) was ranked in the following order as compared to 0.1 nM 17-estradiol (100%): genistein (97.84%) > derrisisoflavone A (83.17%) > genistein-7--[-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-glucopyranoside] (69.55%) > 6,8-diprenylgenistein (51.91%) > lupalbigenin (18.72%). Furthermore, cotreatment with 1 µM lupalbigenin and 0.1 nM 17-estradiol was performed, which decreased cell proliferation to 80.38%. results suggest that lupalbigenin has an estrogen-antagonistic effect. At a dose of 1 µM, genistein had the strongest efficacy in increasing the expression of human estrogen receptor by 4.0-fold compared to the control. Furthermore, genistein-7--[-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 6)]--glucopyranoside augmented the gene expression of human estrogen receptor and human estrogen receptor by 1.5- and 3.4-fold, respectively. Prenylated derivatives of genistein (derrisisoflavone A, 6,8-diprenylgenistein, and lupalbigenin) significantly suppressed the gene expression of the human androgen receptor. The administration of the crude extract at 10 µg/mL significantly suppressed human androgen receptor (0.6-fold) and transmembrane protease serine 2 (0.1-fold) expression but did not significantly affect human estrogen receptor and human estrogen receptor gene expression. This herbal medicine may be safe for estrogen-exposed breast cancer patients.
Population Pharmacokinetic of the Diterpenes ent-Polyalthic Acid and Dihydro-ent-Agathic Acid from Copaifera Duckei Oil Resin in Rats.
Aguila FA, Bastos JK, Veneziani RCS … +5 more , Nardotto GHB, Oliveira LC, Rocha A, Lanchote VL, Ambrósio SR
Planta Med · 2024 Aug · PMID 38749480 · Publisher ↗
Copaifera duckei oleoresin is a plant product extensively used by the Brazilian population for multiple purposes, such as medicinal and cosmetic. Despite its ethnopharmacological relevance, there is no pharmacokinetic da...
Copaifera duckei oleoresin is a plant product extensively used by the Brazilian population for multiple purposes, such as medicinal and cosmetic. Despite its ethnopharmacological relevance, there is no pharmacokinetic data on this important medicinal plant. Due to this, we determined the pharmacokinetic profile of the major nonvolatile compounds of C. duckei oleoresin. The diterpenes ent-polyalthic acid and dihydro-ent-agathic acid correspond to approximately 40% of the total oleoresin. Quantification was performed using LC-MS/MS, and the validated analytical method showed to be precise, accurate, robust, reliable, and linear between 0.57 and 114.74 µg/mL plasma and 0.09 to 18.85 µg/mL plasma, respectively, for ent-polyalthic acid and dihydro-ent-agathic acid, making it suitable for application in preclinical pharmacokinetic studies. Wistar rats received a single 200 mg/kg oral dose (gavage) of C. duckei oleoresin, and blood was collected from their caudal vein through 48 h. Population pharmacokinetics analysis of -polyalthic and dihydro--agathic acids in rats was evaluated using nonlinear mixed-effects modeling conducted in NONMEN software. The pharmacokinetic parameters of ent-polyalthic acid were absorption constant rate = 0.47 h, central and peripheral apparent volume of distribution = 0.04 L and 2.48 L, respectively, apparent clearance = 0.15 L/h, and elimination half-life = 11.60 h. For dihydro-ent-agathic acid, absorption constant rate = 0.28 h, central and peripheral apparent volume of distribution = 0.01 L and 0.18 L, respectively, apparent clearance = 0.04 L/h, and elimination half-life = 3.49 h. The apparent clearance, central apparent volume of distribution, and peripheral apparent volume of distribution of -polyalthic acid were approximately 3.75, 4.00-, and 13.78-folds higher than those of dihydro--agathic.
Statistical Experimental Designs for cLTB-Syn Vaccine Production Using Daucus carota Cell Suspension Cultures.
Carreño-Campos C, Villegas E, Villarreal ML … +6 more , Morales-Aguilar M, Govea-Alonso D, Romero-Maldonado A, Jimenez-Capdeville ME, Rosales-Mendoza S, Ortiz-Caltempa A
Planta Med · 2024 Aug · PMID 38698590 · Publisher ↗
The carrot-made LTB-Syn antigen (cLTB-Syn) is a vaccine candidate against synucleinopathies based on carrot cells expressing the target antigen LTB and syn epitopes. Therefore, the development of an efficient production...
The carrot-made LTB-Syn antigen (cLTB-Syn) is a vaccine candidate against synucleinopathies based on carrot cells expressing the target antigen LTB and syn epitopes. Therefore, the development of an efficient production process is required with media culture optimization to increase the production yields as the main goal. In this study, the effect of two nitrogen sources (urea and glutamate) on callus cultures producing cLTB-Syn was studied, observing that the addition of 17 mM urea to MS medium favored the biomass yield. To optimize the MS media composition, the influence of seven medium components on biomass and cLTB-Syn production was first evaluated by a Plackett-Burman design (PBD). Then, three factors were further analyzed using a central composite design (CCD) and response surface methodology (RSM). The results showed a 1.2-fold improvement in biomass, and a 4.5-fold improvement in cLTB-Syn production was achieved at the shake-flask scale. At the bioreactor scale, there was a 1.5-fold increase in biomass and a 2.8-fold increase in cLTB-Syn yield compared with the standard MS medium. Moreover, the cLTB-Syn vaccine induced humoral responses in BALB/c mice subjected to either oral or subcutaneous immunization. Therefore, cLTB-Syn is a promising vaccine candidate that will aid in developing immunotherapeutic strategies to combat PD and other neurodegenerative diseases without the need for cold storage, making it a financially viable option for massive immunization.
Cardioprotective Effects of Aloysia polystachya Essential Oil on a Rat Model with Multiple Cardiovascular Risk Factors.
Moreno KGT, Marques AAM, da Silva GP … +7 more , Bertoncelo LA, Pessoal LB, Gonçalves LD, Dos Santos AC, Souza RIC, Silva DB, Gasparotto Junior A
Planta Med · 2024 Aug · PMID 38631368 · Publisher ↗
Traditional medicine is a frequently utilized method to treat cardiovascular disease and its primary risk factors, including hypertension and dyslipidemia. Aloysia polystachya is a species that is commonly employed to tr...
Traditional medicine is a frequently utilized method to treat cardiovascular disease and its primary risk factors, including hypertension and dyslipidemia. Aloysia polystachya is a species that is commonly employed to treat various pathological conditions, and it has already been identified as having some cardioprotective effects. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of the essential oil extracted from the leaves of A. polystachya in a rat model that simulates multiple cardiovascular risk factors. We evaluate the acute toxicity, as well as the cardioprotective effects, by giving different doses of A. polystachya essential oil (1.47 mg/kg, 4.40 mg/kg, and 13.20 mg/kg) over a period of 42 days. The control group was treated with rosuvastatin (5 mg/kg). At the end of the treatments, the renal function, electrocardiography, blood pressure, vascular reactivity, serum biochemical profile, and organ histopathology were evaluated. The main compounds identified in the essential oil of A. polystachya using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry were beta-myrcene (1.08%), limonene (40.13%), and carvone (56.47%). The essential oil of A. polystachya not only lacks acute toxicity but also mitigates the reduction in the excretion of sodium, chloride, and creatinine in urine. Furthermore, it reduces electrocardiographic abnormalities and decreases blood pressure levels. Moreover, this treatment prevents an elevation in markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in the bloodstream. Our findings indicate significant cardioprotective effects of the essential oil of A. polystachya against multiple risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in hypertensive rats.
The Clinical Translation of α-humulene - A Scoping Review.
Dalavaye N, Nicholas M, Pillai M … +2 more , Erridge S, Sodergren MH
Planta Med · 2024 Aug · PMID 38626911 · Full text
-humulene, a sesquiterpene found in essential oils of various plant species, has garnered interest due to its potential therapeutic applications. This scoping review aims to consolidate -humulene's evidence base, informi...
-humulene, a sesquiterpene found in essential oils of various plant species, has garnered interest due to its potential therapeutic applications. This scoping review aims to consolidate -humulene's evidence base, informing clinical translation, and guiding future research directions. A scoping review was conducted of EMBASE, MEDLINE, and PubMed databases up to 14th July 2023. All studies describing original research on -humulene extraction, as well as pre-clinical and clinical research, were included for review. Three hundred and forty articles were analysed. -humulene yields ranged from negligible to 60.90% across plant species. experiments demonstrated cytotoxicity against adenocarcinomas (such as colorectal, pulmonary, breast, prostatic, lung, and ovarian), with varying responses in other cell models. Mechanistic insights revealed its involvement in mitochondrial dysfunction, diminished intracellular glutathione levels, and the induction of oxidative stress. In rodent studies, oral administration of -humulene at 50 mg/kg reduced inflammation markers in paw oedema and ovalbumin-induced airway inflammation. Intraperitoneal administration of -humulene (50 - 200 mg/kg) exhibited cannabimimetic properties through cannabinoid 1 and adenosine A2a receptors. -humulene also exhibited a multitude of properties with potential scope for therapeutic utilisation. However, there is a paucity of studies that have successfully translated this research into clinical populations with the associated disease. Potential barriers to clinical translation were identified, including yield variability, limited isolation studies, and challenges associated with terpene bioavailability. Consequently, rigorous pharmacokinetic studies and further mechanistic investigations are warranted to effectively uncover the potential of -humulene.
Correction: Purification, Molecular Docking and Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Bioactive Pentacyclic Polyhydroxylated Triterpenoids from Salvia urmiensis.
Farimani MM, Abbas-Mohammadi M, Ghorbannia-Dellavar S … +2 more , Nejad-Ebrahimi S, Hamburger M
Planta Med · 2024 May · PMID 38621695 · Publisher ↗
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Bryophyllum pinnatum Inhibits Oxytocin and Vasopressin Signaling in Myometrial Cells.
Zurfluh L, Duvaud L, Inci N … +3 more , Potterat O, Simões-Wüst AP, Mosbacher J
Planta Med · 2024 Aug · PMID 38599625 · Publisher ↗
The medicinal plant was previously shown to block oxytocin (OT)-induced signals in myometrial cells, consistent with its tocolytic effect observed in patients. OT activates not only OT receptors but also V receptors, tw...
The medicinal plant was previously shown to block oxytocin (OT)-induced signals in myometrial cells, consistent with its tocolytic effect observed in patients. OT activates not only OT receptors but also V receptors, two receptors with high receptor homology that are both expressed in the myometrium and play a crucial role in myometrial contraction signaling. We aimed to study the molecular pharmacology of herbal preparations using specific receptor ligands, the human myometrial cell line hTERT-C3, and cell lines expressing recombinant human OT and V receptors.We found that press juice from (BPJ) inhibits both OT- and vasopressin (AVP)-induced intracellular calcium increases in hTERT-C3 myometrial cells. In additional assays performed with cells expressing recombinant receptors, BPJ also inhibited OT and V receptor-mediated signals with a similar potency (IC about 0.5 mg/mL). We further studied endogenous OT- and AVP-sensitive receptors in hTERT-C3 cells and found that OT and AVP stimulated those receptors with similar potency (EC of ~ 1 nM), suggesting expression of both receptor subtypes. This interpretation was corroborated by the antagonist potencies of atosiban and relcovaptan that we found. However, using qPCR, we almost exclusively found expression of OT receptors suggesting a pharmacological difference between recombinant OT receptors and native receptors expressed in hTERT-C3 cells.In conclusion, we show that inhibits both OT and AVP signaling, which may point beyond its tocolytic effects to other indications involving a disbalance in the vasopressinergic system.
Vasorelaxant Activity of (2S)-Sakuranetin and Other Flavonoids Isolated from the Green Propolis of the Caatinga Mimosa tenuiflora.
Son NT, Gianibbi B, Panti A … +3 more , Spiga O, Bastos JK, Fusi F
Planta Med · 2024 May · PMID 38599606 · Publisher ↗
Some in vitro and in vivo evidence is consistent with the cardiovascular beneficial activity of propolis. As the single actors responsible for this effect have never been identified, an in-depth investigation of flavonoi...
Some in vitro and in vivo evidence is consistent with the cardiovascular beneficial activity of propolis. As the single actors responsible for this effect have never been identified, an in-depth investigation of flavonoids isolated from the green propolis of the Caatinga was performed and their mechanism of action was described. A comprehensive electrophysiology, functional, and molecular docking approach was applied. Most flavanones and flavones were effective Ca1.2 channel blockers with a potency order of (2S)-sakuranetin > eriodictyol-7,3'-methyl ether > quercetin 3-methyl ether > 5,4'-dihydroxy-6,7-dimethoxyflavanone > santin > axillarin > penduletin > kumatakenin, ermanin and viscosine being weak or modest stimulators. Except for eriodictyol 5-O-methyl ether, all the flavonoids were also effective spasmolytic agents of vascular rings, kumatakenin and viscosine also showing an endothelium-dependent activity. (2S)-Sakuranetin also stimulated K1.1 channels both in single myocytes and vascular rings. In silico analysis provided interesting insights into the mode of action of (2S)-sakuranetin within both Ca1.2 and K1.1 channels. The green propolis of the Caatinga Mimosa tenuiflora is a valuable source of multi-target vasoactive flavonoids: this evidence reinforces its nutraceutical value in the cardiovascular disease prevention arena.
The Potential Pharmacological Effects of Natural Product Withaferin A in Cancer: Opportunities and Challenges for Clinical Translation.
Devabattula G, Panda B, Yadav R … +1 more , Godugu C
Planta Med · 2024 May · PMID 38588695 · Publisher ↗
Cancer is one of the biggest health concerns with a complex pathophysiology. Currently, available chemotherapeutic drugs are showing deleterious side effects, and tumors often show resistance to treatment. Hence, extensi...
Cancer is one of the biggest health concerns with a complex pathophysiology. Currently, available chemotherapeutic drugs are showing deleterious side effects, and tumors often show resistance to treatment. Hence, extensive research is required to develop new treatment strategies to fight against cancer. Natural resources from plants are at the forefront of hunting novel drugs to treat various types of cancers. Withaferin A (WA) is a naturally occurring withanolide, a biologically active component obtained from the plant Ashwagandha. Various and oncological studies have reported that Withaferin A (WA) has shown protection from cancer. WA shows its activity by inhibiting the growth and proliferation of malignant cells, apoptosis, and inhibiting angiogenesis, metastasis, and cancer stem cells (CSCs). In addition, WA also showed chemo- and radio-sensitizing properties. Besides the beneficiary pharmacological activities of WA, a few aspects like pharmacokinetic properties, safety, and toxicity studies are still lacking, hindering this potent natural product from entering clinical development. In this review, we have summarized the various pharmacological mechanisms shown by WA in and cancer studies and the challenges that must be overcome for this potential natural product's clinical translation to be effective.
Antibacterial Activities of the Algal Bromophenol Methylrhodomelol Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Jacobtorweihen J, Hartmann A, Hofer S … +1 more , Spiegler V
Planta Med · 2024 May · PMID 38580306 · Publisher ↗
Methylrhodomelol (1: ) is a bromophenol from the red alga that has been associated with antimicrobial properties. The aim of the current study was, therefore, to assess the antimicrobial potential of this compound in mo...
Methylrhodomelol (1: ) is a bromophenol from the red alga that has been associated with antimicrobial properties. The aim of the current study was, therefore, to assess the antimicrobial potential of this compound in more detail against the gram-negative pathogen . 1: exerted weak bacteriostatic activity against different strains when grown in minimal medium, whereas other phenolics were inactive. In addition, 1: (35 and 10 µg/mL) markedly enhanced the susceptibility of multidrug-resistant toward the aminoglycoside gentamicin, while it did not affect the viability of Vero kidney cells up to 100 µM. Finally, pyoverdine release was reduced in bacteria treated at sub-inhibitory concentration, but no effect on other virulence factors was observed. Transcriptome analysis of treated versus untreated indicated an interference of 1: with bacterial carbon and energy metabolism, which was corroborated by RT-qPCR and decreased ATP-levels in treated bacteria. In summary, the current study characterized the antibacterial properties of methylrhodomelol, revealed its potential as an adjuvant to standard antibiotics, and generated a hypothesis on its mode of action.
Rationalising Optimal Dosing of Phytotherapeutics For Use In Children: Current Status - Potential Solutions - Actions Needed.
Hensel A, Bauer R, Heinrich M … +9 more , Hempel G, Kelber O, Kraft K, Lehmann B, Medà MM, Nieber K, Roether B, Rollinger JM, Wiebelitz R
Planta Med · 2024 May · PMID 38527490 · Publisher ↗
"Children are not small adults with respect to the treatment with medicinal products." This statement of the WHO was the basis for the initiative of the European Commission for the establishment of a paediatric regulatio...
"Children are not small adults with respect to the treatment with medicinal products." This statement of the WHO was the basis for the initiative of the European Commission for the establishment of a paediatric regulation in 2007 to improve the health of children by facilitating the development of medicines for children and adolescents. Seventeen years later, in the field of herbal medicinal products, results are still sobering. Therefore, the Foundation Plants for Health, Society for Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research, and German Society for Phytotherapy organised a symposium to assess the status quo for the paediatric use of herbal medicinal products (HMPs), to analyse the causes of the current situation, and to discuss strategies for establishing the proof of safe and efficacious HMPs for children.The current situation for HMPs and their use in children is not fulfilling the requirements of legislation. HMPs in paediatrics are effective and safe, but considering the needs of children is necessary. In European countries, the use, registration, and marketing of HMPs are different, depending on the respective national regulations and specific traditions. EU herbal monographs are the best common denominator for such procedures. Emerging safety discussions must be considered. New approaches with real-world data might be a solution. The regulatory framework is to be adapted. Defining rationalised dosing for HMPs can be achieved by the extrapolation of data from adults, by using existing clinical data for children, and by using RWD. Therefore, a strong need for revising restrictions for the use of HMPs in children and rationalising defined dosage regimes is obvious.
Abrus precatorius Leaf Extract Stimulates Insulin-mediated Muscle Glucose Uptake: In vitro Studies and Phytochemical Analysis.
Lankatillake C, Huynh T, Dias DA
Planta Med · 2024 May · PMID 38490239 · Publisher ↗
Diabetes mellitus, linked with insulin resistance and hyperglycaemia, is a leading cause of mortality. Glucose uptake through glucose transporter type 4, especially in skeletal muscle, is crucial for maintaining euglycae...
Diabetes mellitus, linked with insulin resistance and hyperglycaemia, is a leading cause of mortality. Glucose uptake through glucose transporter type 4, especially in skeletal muscle, is crucial for maintaining euglycaemia and is a key pathway targeted by antidiabetic medication. is a medicinal plant with demonstrated antihyperglycaemic activity in animal models, but its mechanisms are unclear.This study evaluated the effect of a 50% ethanolic () leaf extract on (1) insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and (2) related gene expression in differentiated C2C12 myotubes using rosiglitazone as a positive control, and (3) generated a comprehensive phytochemical profile of leaf extract using liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry to elucidate its antidiabetic compounds. leaf extract significantly increased insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, and insulin receptor substrate 1 and Akt substrate of 160 kDa gene expression; however, it had no effect on glucose transporter type 4 gene expression. At 250 µg/mL leaf extract, the increase in glucose uptake was significantly higher than 1 µM rosiglitazone. Fifty-five phytochemicals (primarily polyphenols, triterpenoids, saponins, and alkaloids) were putatively identified, including 24 that have not previously been reported from leaves. Abrusin, precatorin I, glycyrrhizin, hemiphloin, isohemiphloin, hispidulin 4'---D-glucopyranoside, homoplantaginin, and cirsimaritin were putatively identified as known major compounds previously reported from leaf extract. leaves contain antidiabetic phytochemicals and enhance insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in myotubes via the protein kinase B/phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway by regulating insulin receptor substrate 1 and Akt substrate of 160 kDa gene expression. Therefore, leaves may improve skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity and hyperglycaemia. Additionally, it is a valuable source of bioactive phytochemicals with potential therapeutic use for diabetes.
Bioprotective Role of Phytocompounds Against the Pathogenesis of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease to Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis: Unravelling Underlying Molecular Mechanisms.
Banerjee T, Sarkar A, Ali SZ … +4 more , Bhowmik R, Karmakar S, Halder AK, Ghosh N
Planta Med · 2024 Aug · PMID 38458248 · Publisher ↗
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), with a global prevalence of 25%, continues to escalate, creating noteworthy concerns towards the global health burden. NAFLD causes triglycerides and free fatty acids to build u...
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), with a global prevalence of 25%, continues to escalate, creating noteworthy concerns towards the global health burden. NAFLD causes triglycerides and free fatty acids to build up in the liver. The excessive fat build-up causes inflammation and damages the healthy hepatocytes, leading to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Dietary habits, obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and dyslipidemia influence NAFLD progression. The disease burden is complicated due to the paucity of therapeutic interventions. Obeticholic acid is the only approved therapeutic agent for NAFLD. With more scientific enterprise being directed towards the understanding of the underlying mechanisms of NAFLD, novel targets like lipid synthase, farnesoid X receptor signalling, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors associated with inflammatory signalling, and hepatocellular injury have played a crucial role in the progression of NAFLD to NASH. Phytocompounds have shown promising results in modulating hepatic lipid metabolism and lipogenesis, suggesting their possible role in managing NAFLD. This review discusses the ameliorative role of different classes of phytochemicals with molecular mechanisms in different cell lines and established animal models. These compounds may lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies for NAFLD progression to NASH. This review also deliberates on phytomolecules undergoing clinical trials for effective management of NAFLD.
Storage Conditions Influence the Quality of Ginger - A Stability Study Inspired by Clinical Trials.
Tóth B, Horváth A, Laczkovich OJ … +3 more , Biró ZD, Matuz M, Csupor D
Planta Med · 2024 Aug · PMID 38458247 · Publisher ↗
Ginger has traditionally been used to treat and prevent nausea and vomiting; however, the results of clinical trials are ambiguous. The efficacy of ginger is attributed to gingerols and their metabolites, shogaols. Since...
Ginger has traditionally been used to treat and prevent nausea and vomiting; however, the results of clinical trials are ambiguous. The efficacy of ginger is attributed to gingerols and their metabolites, shogaols. Since these compounds have different pharmacological profiles, the clinical efficacy of ginger products is largely dependent on their chemical composition. The goal of our study was to examine the stability of ginger, determining the 6-gingerol contents in order to assess the effects of different storage conditions. We have performed a 6-month stability test with dry ginger rhizome samples stored in a constant climate chamber in three different storage containers (uncovered glass container, glass container sealed with rubber stopper, and plastic container). The 6-gingerol contents were measured by HPLC method. The concentration of 6-gingerol decreased in all samples. In the sealed glass container, the decrease in 6-gingerol content was significantly lower than in the unsealed glass container and in the plastic container. These results demonstrate that storage conditions have a significant impact on the quality of ginger, which may also affect efficacy.
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