Eur J Ophthalmol [JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Impact of eyelid hygiene on conjunctival microbial species and ocular discharge in patients with ocular prostheses.
Bermudez-Castellanos I, Padilla-Pantoja D, Frutos Serna M … +5 more , Sánchez Tocino H, Marqués Fernández V, Hernandez M, Eiros Bouza JM, Galindo-Ferreiro A
Eur J Ophthalmol · 2026 Jul · PMID 41706602 · Publisher ↗
PurposeTo evaluate the impact of eyelid hygiene on conjunctival microbial species and ocular discharge in patients with ocular prostheses(OP).MethodsA prospective study included patients with unilateral anophthalmic sock...
PurposeTo evaluate the impact of eyelid hygiene on conjunctival microbial species and ocular discharge in patients with ocular prostheses(OP).MethodsA prospective study included patients with unilateral anophthalmic sockets or phthisis bulbi using OP. Two visits were scheduled: baseline and 7 days later. At each visit, three samples were collected: lower tarsal conjunctiva of the affected eye, bulbar conjunctiva of the affected eye, and lower tarsal conjunctiva of the healthy eye. Patients followed one of two hygiene regimens: Ozonest group (wipes and liposomal-ozonated-oil drops) or Lephanet group (wipes and saline solution). Demographic data, clinically significant discharge(CSD), and eyelid cleaning habits were recorded. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.ResultsSixty-one patients (mean age 63.7 ± 15.5 years, 54.1% male) contributed 366 samples. 31 (50.8%) were in Ozonest and 30(49.2%) in Lephanet. Staphylococcus epidermidis (39%) and Corynebacterium macginleyi (24.6%) were most common. Positive cultures were higher in affected eyes (78.7%) than in healthy eyes (32.8%, P < 0.05). Tarsal conjunctiva cultures decreased with both Ozonest(64.5% to 51.6%) and Lephanet (56.7% to 46.7%). Overall CSD decreased from 47.5% to 16.4%, particularly in Lephanet (60% to 10%, P < 0.05).ConclusionsPositive cultures were more frequent in prosthetic eyes than in healthy eyes being with and being the most frequent microorganisms. Both hygiene regimens reduced positive tarsal conjunctival cultures and improved CSD.
Outcomes of pars plana placement of Aurolab Aqueous Drainage Implant in neovascular glaucoma.
Maheshwari D, Tara TD, Nagdev N … +5 more , Gupta S, Pillai MR, Abdul Khadar SM, Khader MA, Ramakrishnan R
Eur J Ophthalmol · 2026 Jul · PMID 41701001 · Publisher ↗
PurposeTo study the outcomes of pars plana placement of Aurolab Aqueous Drainage Implant (AADI) in neovascular glaucoma (NVG). retrospective study.MethodsTwenty-eight eyes were evaluated on postoperative days 1, 2 weeks,...
PurposeTo study the outcomes of pars plana placement of Aurolab Aqueous Drainage Implant (AADI) in neovascular glaucoma (NVG). retrospective study.MethodsTwenty-eight eyes were evaluated on postoperative days 1, 2 weeks, 6 weeks, 6 and 12 months postoperatively. Baseline and follow-up visits were compared to determine significant differences in intraocular pressure (IOP), the number of antiglaucoma medications (AGM), and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), surgical success, complications and interventions.ResultsMean IOP decreased from preoperative 46.2 ± 8.6 mmHg to 32.07 ± 13.0 mmHg,23.08 ± 12.8 mmHg,21.0 ± 14.4 mmHg, and 22.6 ± 19.5 mmHg at two weeks, six weeks, six months, and one year, respectively. AGM decreased from 3 preoperatively to 2.42, 1.37, 1.37,1.55, and 1.65 at two weeks, six weeks, six and 12 months, respectively. There was no significant difference in BCVA at any time point compared to baseline. Complete success was achieved in 50% and 37.5% of cases (using criteria 1: IOP ≤ 18 mmHg or 30% reduction from baseline without AGM, and criteria 2: IOP ≤ 15 mmHg or 40% reduction) after 12 months. Qualified success was observed in 83.3% and 72.2% of patients (using criteria 1: IOP ≤ 18 mmHg or a 30% reduction from baseline with a single AGM, and criteria 2: IOP ≤ 15 mmHg or a 40% reduction) after 12 months.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that pars plana placement of AADI in NVG achieves good surgical success regarding IOP control and visual acuity.
Comparative safety and efficacy of brinzolamide/timolol and dorzolamide/timolol in the treatment of glaucoma patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Alamoudi A, Alnabihi A, Al-Qahtani S … +4 more , Albishry AM, Alsarhani WK, Saheb H, Ahmed IIK
Eur J Ophthalmol · 2026 Jul · PMID 41697795 · Full text
PurposeThis systematic review and meta-analysis aims to compare BT and DT in terms of intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction, safety, and patient preferences.MethodsFollowing PRISMA and Cochrane guidelines, we searched Pub...
PurposeThis systematic review and meta-analysis aims to compare BT and DT in terms of intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction, safety, and patient preferences.MethodsFollowing PRISMA and Cochrane guidelines, we searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CENTRAL, and Embase up to December 30, 2024. Twelve studies (11 randomized controlled trials [RCTs]) involving 1,885 patients were included. Primary outcomes were IOP reduction and adverse events. Statistical analyses were performed using Review Manager 5.4.1, with mean differences (MD) and risk ratios (RR) calculated for continuous and binary outcomes.ResultsBT demonstrated a statistically greater reduction in the morning IOP compared to DT at 12 weeks or more (BT: MD = 0.56 mmHg, < 0.001; BTFC subgroup: MD = 0.66, < 0.001), with consistent benefits observed at 8 and 4 weeks. No significant difference was observed in the evening IOP reduction. BT combination was associated with a 49% lower risk of eye irritation (RR = 0.51, < 0.001) but a threefold higher risk of blurred vision (RR = 3.14, < 0.001). Patient preference studies favored brinzolamide/timolol fixed combination (BTFC) due to reduced ocular discomfort.ConclusionBT showed a statistically greater reduction in morning IOP than DT; however, the absolute difference was modest, and its clinical relevance is uncertain. BT was associated with less ocular irritation but higher blurred vision risk. High heterogeneity for evening IOP and overall adverse events limits interpretation. Considering these findings, the choice of treatment usually depends on the patient's tolerance to higher initial ocular irritation in DT or blurring of vision in BT. Longer-term trials with 24-h IOP and preference are needed to assess these outcomes meaningfully.
Bruch's membrane opening in high myopia and its correlation with axial length.
Jha A, Thapa M, Gautam P … +2 more , Mishra SK, Sapkota A
Eur J Ophthalmol · 2026 Jul · PMID 41697191 · Publisher ↗
PurposeTo measure the Bruch's Membrane Opening (BMO) area and Minimum Rim Width (BMO-MRW) in eyes with high myopia and correlate it with axial length (AL).MethodsA cross-sectional, hospital-based study of 40 participants...
PurposeTo measure the Bruch's Membrane Opening (BMO) area and Minimum Rim Width (BMO-MRW) in eyes with high myopia and correlate it with axial length (AL).MethodsA cross-sectional, hospital-based study of 40 participants with high myopia Spherical Equivalent Refraction (SER) ≤ -6D was conducted. Spectral Domain-Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) of both the eyes (BE) was performed using Glaucoma Module Premiere Edition (GMPE) with Anatomic Positioning System (APS) to measure BMO area and BMO-MRW. The AL in myopic patients was measured using Partial Coherence Interferometry (IOL Master).ResultsThis study included 80 eyes of 40 participants aged 18-35 years. The mean BMO area was 2.28 ± 0.48 mm in the right eye (RE) and 2.15 ± 0.59 mm in the left eye (LE) and was significantly correlated with (AL). A statistically significant positive correlation was observed between the BMO area and AL in (BE) (RE: r = 0.465, = 0.003; LE: r = 0.374, = 0.029). Likewise, the mean BMO-MRW was RE: 325.69 ± 96 μm; LE: 339.20 ± 79.50 μm. In the RE group, there was a significant negative correlation between the inferior temporal (r = - 0.353, = 0.027) and inferior nasal quadrants (r = - 0.424, = 0.007) of the BMO-MRW and AL, whereas in the LE group, all the BMO-MRW quadrants were negatively correlated ( < 0.05) with AL. No significant differences were found between the RE and LE when comparing the means of the refractive error ( = 0.314), AL ( = 0.212), BMO area ( = 0.35), and BMO-MRW ( = 0.819).ConclusionThe findings revealed that BMO area increases and BMO-MRW thickness decreases with increasing AL in high myopic eyes and may contribute to structural vulnerability of the optic nerve head, potentially increasing the risk of glaucomatous damage.
Advancing glaucoma care: What's new in the 6th edition of the European Glaucoma Society guidelines.
Pazos M, Traverso CE, Viswanathan A … +3 more , Azuara-Blanco A, Abegão Pinto L, Stalmans I
Eur J Ophthalmol · 2026 May · PMID 41686761 · Publisher ↗
The 6th Edition of the European Glaucoma Society (EGS) Guidelines delivers a comprehensive, methodologically robust update to one of the most authoritative resources in glaucoma care. Building on the 5th Edition, this re...
The 6th Edition of the European Glaucoma Society (EGS) Guidelines delivers a comprehensive, methodologically robust update to one of the most authoritative resources in glaucoma care. Building on the 5th Edition, this revision integrates the latest evidence, expert consensus, and enhanced patient engagement to support nuanced clinical decision-making. Notable innovations include a pan-European survey to prioritise clinical questions, incorporation of patient perspectives, expanded "Choosing Wisely" recommendations, and major updates on artificial intelligence, cost-effectiveness, genetics, childhood glaucoma, angle closure, and surgical approaches - complemented by redesigned figures and practical flowcharts. These Guidelines reaffirm the EGS commitment to evidence-based, patient-centred excellence, providing clinicians with a clear framework for diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment across the glaucoma spectrum.
The burden of thyroid eye disease: Evaluating treatment outcomes on quality of life.
Lai AC, Yu BE, Malvankar-Mehta M
Eur J Ophthalmol · 2026 Jul · PMID 41671324 · Full text
BackgroundThyroid eye disease (TED) is characterized by inflammation of orbital tissue, proptosis, diplopia, and potential changes in facial appearance. TED has been associated with poor mental health and reduced health-...
BackgroundThyroid eye disease (TED) is characterized by inflammation of orbital tissue, proptosis, diplopia, and potential changes in facial appearance. TED has been associated with poor mental health and reduced health-related quality of life (HRQOL) due to the combined impact of impaired visual functioning and changes in facial appearance. The study aims to determine the impact of treatments for TED on patients' HRQOL as a measure of comprehensive well-being.MethodsSystematic searches of literature in MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL databases and grey literature sources were conducted. After de-duplication and screening, the modified Downs-and-Black criteria were used to assess the risk of bias. Baseline characteristics, HRQOL-questionnaire data, and mean HRQOL measurements were extracted.ResultsSearches yielded 313 studies from databases and 9 grey literature studies. 23 studies (2023 patients total) were included for quality assessment and data synthesis. Strabismus surgery yielded the greatest improvement in total HRQOL score. Surgical interventions improved visual function QOL (VF-QOL) and visual appearance QOL scores (Ap-QOL).Other medical therapies, including doxycline and selenium were effective for improving Ap-QOL.ConclusionSurgical interventions, particularly decompression, eyelid, and strabismus surgery, improved appearance-related QOL. Immunosuppressive therapy and doxyxycline contributed to progressive functional improvements over time. Longer follow-up durations were generally associated with greater patient-reported benefit from treatments.
Sharper than human eyes? A systematic review and meta-analysis of machine learning for retinal detachment detection.
Łajczak P, Łajczak A
Eur J Ophthalmol · 2026 Feb · PMID 41666118 · Publisher ↗
Retinal detachment (RD) is a sight-threatening condition requiring rapid diagnosis to prevent vision loss. Artificial intelligence (AI), particularly machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL), offers potential for imp...
Retinal detachment (RD) is a sight-threatening condition requiring rapid diagnosis to prevent vision loss. Artificial intelligence (AI), particularly machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL), offers potential for improving diagnostic accuracy in RD, addressing current limitations of manual interpretation. A diagnostic test accuracy (DTA) meta-analysis adhering to PRISMA 2018 guidelines was conducted. Studies utilizing ML for RD detection across imaging modalities were included. Databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane) and manual searches identified 20 studies. Statistical analyses assessed sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC), with subgroup analyses by ML technique, imaging modality, validation method, and testing set size. From 69 models analyzed, pooled sensitivity and specificity were 95.7% (95% CI: 94.1-96.9%) and 99.2% (95% CI: 98.7-99.5%), respectively, indicating high diagnostic accuracy. DL models outperformed ML, achieving higher sensitivity (96.3% vs. 92.7%) and specificity (99.4% vs. 96.7%). Models employing fundus imaging exhibited superior performance (sensitivity: 97.3%; specificity: 99.5%). However, significant heterogeneity (I > 90%) was noted. External validation enhanced specificity but highlighted challenges in generalizability due to biases in patient selection and data quality. ML demonstrates high potential for accurate RD detection, particularly using DL and fundus imaging. Nonetheless, addressing biases, heterogeneity, and external validation is crucial for clinical adoption. Future research should focus on standardization, cost-effectiveness, and multicenter validation to ensure practical ML integration in ophthalmology.
Real-world efficacy of faricimab for diabetic macular edema: One year outcomes and evidence of undertreatment.
Zelhof G, Criddle T, Burgess PI
Eur J Ophthalmol · 2026 Jul · PMID 41666104 · Publisher ↗
AimsTo evaluate the efficacy and durability of faricimab for diabetic macular edema (DME) in a real-world population over 52 weeks using a personalised treatment interval protocol.MethodsRetrospective cohort of centre-in...
AimsTo evaluate the efficacy and durability of faricimab for diabetic macular edema (DME) in a real-world population over 52 weeks using a personalised treatment interval protocol.MethodsRetrospective cohort of centre-involving DME treated with faricimab at St Paul's Eye Unit, Liverpool (September 2022-January 2025). Exclusions: follow-up <12 weeks or anti-vascular endothelial growth factor/steroids within 3 months. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central subfield thickness (CSFT) compared at baseline, weeks 12 and 52.Results167 patients included at baseline; 103 were treatment-naïve. Sixty-five completed 52-week follow-up. Mean BCVA gains were +7.5 letters at week 12 and +7.8 at week 52. Mean CSFT reductions were -134.5 μm at week 12 and -158.0 μm at week 52, with 80% achieving DME resolution. Extended dosing intervals (≥ 8 weeks) were assigned to 53% at week 12 and 72% at week 52. However, 24% did not receive all planned loading doses within 12 weeks. Treatment discontinued in 23% due to death, illness, or off-protocol observation.ConclusionIn this unselected population, faricimab improved vision and retinal thickness in line with landmark trials. Extended dosing intervals suggest reduced treatment burden in practice. Challenges remain in patient adherence and pathway deviations.
Comparative study of plication-recession versus resection-recession for intermittent exotropia.
Atalay G, Koç F
Eur J Ophthalmol · 2026 Jul · PMID 41649938 · Publisher ↗
PurposeTo compare the surgical outcomes of two different surgical techniques, resection and plication both in combination with recession, in basic intermittent exotropia.MethodsIn this prospective randomized trial, a tot...
PurposeTo compare the surgical outcomes of two different surgical techniques, resection and plication both in combination with recession, in basic intermittent exotropia.MethodsIn this prospective randomized trial, a total of 90 patients with basic intermittent exotropia were followed up pre- and post-operatively for at least 1 year in two treatment groups; 44 patients in the plication-recession (PR) group, 46 patients in the resection-recession (RR) group, and surgical outcomes were evaluated.ResultsThere were no significant differences in average deviation angles between the PR and RR groups during the first postoperative week and first month. Over time, the PR group showed a more pronounced exo-drift beginning within the first month and continuing until the sixth month before stabilizing, whereas the RR group maintained significantly lower deviation angles at the 3 month, 6 month and the 1-year follow-up. Consequently, the PR group experienced lower success rates at the 1st month, 6th month, and 1-year follow-ups, with final 1-year success rates of 55% for the PR group compared to 80% for the RR group. All 1-year failures in both groups resulted from under-correction.ConclusionsAlthough the plication procedure has favorable outcomes in the short-term, significant exo-drift has caused suboptimal long-term outcomes.
An evaluation of the use of ChatGPT in production of cataract surgery patient information leaflets by doctors and patients.
Hamedani M, Patel R, Bizrah M … +2 more , Phylactou M, Din N
Eur J Ophthalmol · 2026 Jul · PMID 41649937 · Publisher ↗
Background/ObjectivesPatient information can influence decision-making and engagement with healthcare. This study compares the quality of cataract surgery patient information leaflets (PILs) generated by ChatGPT (an AI m...
Background/ObjectivesPatient information can influence decision-making and engagement with healthcare. This study compares the quality of cataract surgery patient information leaflets (PILs) generated by ChatGPT (an AI model) and two reputable hospitals, assessing AI's potential in producing high-quality patient information.Subjects/Methods15 ophthalmologists and 32 patients evaluated three anonymised cataract PILs: one generated by ChatGPT, one from Mount Sinai Hospital (USA) and Manchester Royal Eye Hospital (UK). Doctors used the DISCERN tool (16 questions) for quality assessment. Patients used a shortened version (5 questions). Additional preference and readability questions were added, alongside a readability assessment. PIL ratings and differences between doctor and patient scores were compared.ResultsThe ChatGPT PIL scored lowest amongst doctors (mean 42.75 (SD 9.06)/75), followed by Manchester (47.04 (8.56)/75), with Mount Sinai's PIL highest (54.65 (7.09)/75) (=<0.01). Patients similarly rated ChatGPT lowest (mean total score 4.50 (0.21)/5), with Manchester highest (4.84 (0.06)/5) ( = 0.04). Despite this, doctors were evenly divided on their preferred PIL, while more patients preferred ChatGPT over Mount Sinai. Mount Sinai's PIL had the highest inter-rater reliability( = 0.38, 95% CI 0.10-0.60), and ChatGPT the lowest ( = 0.13, 95% CI 0.10-0.15). ChatGPT had the lowest Flesch Reading Ease score but doctors rated it most readable.ConclusionsThis study is the first to assess AI-generated cataract PILs using doctor and patient feedback. While ChatGPT received the lowest ratings, some favoured it, particularly for its clarity and readability. Doctors' highest-rated PIL was the patients' least favoured. This study highlights AIs potential in PIL development and the importance of doctor and patient feedback in this process.
Comparison of corneal flaps created by three femtosecond lasers for laser in situ keratomileusis.
Chen G, Sun W, Wang X … +4 more , Zhou C, Shen F, Chen Y, Zhao X
Eur J Ophthalmol · 2026 Jul · PMID 41642891 · Publisher ↗
PurposeTo evaluate the predictability and uniformity of femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis flap created by 3 femtosecond lasers.Methods：In this prospective study, 196 corneal flaps were performed by LDV Z...
PurposeTo evaluate the predictability and uniformity of femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis flap created by 3 femtosecond lasers.Methods：In this prospective study, 196 corneal flaps were performed by LDV Z8 (66 eyes), LDV Z2 (70 eyes), VisuMax (60 eyes) laser. The expected flap thickness was 100 μm. Flap thickness was measured one week postoperatively at 28 points using RTVue Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT).The side-cut angle was measured at three peripheral positions.ResultsThe LDV Z8 had a significantly thicker mean central flap thickness (107.0 ± 5.0 μm) and mean flap thickness (110.5 ± 4.0 μm) compared to both the LDV Z2 (mean central 103.1 ± 4.2 μm (P ＜ 0.001), mean 107.5 ± 4.0 μm (P ＜ 0.001)) and the VisuMax (mean central 105.1 ± 5.4 μm (P ＜ 0.027), mean 108.3 ± 3.9 μm(P ＜ 0.002)). The mean overshoot of flap thickness between the actual and planned values was statistically significant (all groups, < 0.001). The corneal flap thicknesses of the 0-, 45-, 90- and 135-degree meridians showed great uniformity in all groups. The center-peripheral corneal thickness difference in the LDV Z2 (6.1 ± 3.3 μm) was larger compared to the differences in the LDV Z8 (4.0 ± 3.9 μm) ( = 0.003) and the VisuMax (3.4 ± 5.1 μm) ( = 0.002). The mean side-cut angles for the VisuMax, LDV Z8, and LDV Z2 were 62.4 ± 4.5 degrees, 92.3 ± 14.4 degrees, and 147.6 ± 6.7 degrees, respectively.ConclusionThe corneal flaps generated by three femtosecond lasers exhibit good morphology. The thickness of the flaps in all groups was close to but slightly thicker than the target thickness.
"Optimizing IOL centration in cataract surgery: Narrative review of techniques, challenges, and outcomes".
Periasamy B, Singh M, Priyanka … +3 more , Morya AK, Vajpayee R, Sharma B
Eur J Ophthalmol · 2026 May · PMID 41642844 · Publisher ↗
Intraocular lens (IOL) centration is pivotal in determining the visual quality and refractive success after cataract surgery, especially with premium IOLs such as multifocal, extended depth of focus (EDOF), and toric len...
Intraocular lens (IOL) centration is pivotal in determining the visual quality and refractive success after cataract surgery, especially with premium IOLs such as multifocal, extended depth of focus (EDOF), and toric lenses. Despite the surgical and technological advancements, achieving perfect centration of the IOL remains a challenge, influenced by anatomical variations and intraoperative variables. Different preoperative variables, such as the patient's refractive status, the technique of axis marking, calculation of IOL power, IOL material and design, and measurement of visual angles, have a significant impact on the final visual outcome. Intraoperatively, following the correct surgical principles like creating a central capsulorhexis of adequate size, maintaining the zonular integrity, in-the-bag IOL placement on its planned axis, and various techniques to maintain this centration are important determinants of final optimal visual outcomes. This review intends to describe the current techniques employed for IOL centration, common challenges, and clinical outcomes. It also highlights the recent innovations that aim to improve the IOL centration accuracy and patient satisfaction.
Efficacy and safety of different Adrenaline concentrations in endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Ma A, Lam CW, Alotaibi HA … +2 more , Ali MJ, Yuen HK
Eur J Ophthalmol · 2026 Jul · PMID 41642816 · Publisher ↗
PurposeThis systematic review evaluates the efficacy and safety of different nasal adrenaline concentrations for bleeding control in endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (eDCR).MethodsFollowing PRISMA guidelines, we searched...
PurposeThis systematic review evaluates the efficacy and safety of different nasal adrenaline concentrations for bleeding control in endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (eDCR).MethodsFollowing PRISMA guidelines, we searched PubMed for studies reporting bleeding and cardiovascular events in adult eDCR. Outcomes were analysed using random-effects models. Statistical analyses employed random-effects models and I statistic. The protocol was registered with the Open Science Framework (OSF) (DOI: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/EZDWG).ResultsAmong 103 screened articles, seven studies (comprising 856 patients) were included for meta-analysis. The 1:200,000 infiltrative adrenaline had significantly higher bleeding risk (15.3%, 95% CI: 11.1-20.5%) than 1:100,000 (3.8%, 95% CI: 2.0-6.5%) and 1:80,000 (2.0%, 95% CI: 0.7-4.3%), with an absolute risk difference of +13.3% (95% CI: + 9.8-16.8%, p < 0.0001) between 1:200,000 and 1:80,000. No significant difference existed between 1:100,000 and 1:80,000 (RD=+1.8%, 95% CI: -1.2-4.7%, p = 0.23). Each 100,000-fold dilution increased absolute bleeding risk by 12.1% ( < 0.001), with a number needed to treat (NNT) of 8 favouring 1:80,000 or 1:100,000 over 1:200,000.The most common infiltrative concentrations (n = 8,648) were 1:100,000 (57%), 1:200,000 (23%), and 1:80,000 (18%). For topical applications ( = 6,343), 1:1,000 (48%) and 1:100,000 (22%) predominated. While no particular topical concentration showed superior haemostasis (p > 0.05), 30-min 1:1,000 adrenaline application reduced bleeding vs. 5-min use (p < 0.05). Rare complications included ocular and cardiovascular events.Conclusions1:100,000 or 1:80,000 infiltrative adrenaline is preferred over 1:200,000 for lower bleeding risks, while topical adrenaline benefits from prolonged 30-min application. Surgeons should remain vigilant for rare systemic complications.
Diabetes mellitus is associated with earlier detection of posterior uveal melanoma.
Roden RT, Churchill RA, Fortes BH … +5 more , White LJ, Hodge DO, Madira AE, Myrah JJ, Dalvin LA
Eur J Ophthalmol · 2026 Jul · PMID 41637278 · Full text
PurposeTo explore the relationship between systemic comorbidities and presenting tumor T category in patients with uveal melanoma.MethodsSingle-center, retrospective cohort study of patients with posterior uveal melanoma...
PurposeTo explore the relationship between systemic comorbidities and presenting tumor T category in patients with uveal melanoma.MethodsSingle-center, retrospective cohort study of patients with posterior uveal melanoma initially diagnosed between January 2000 and December 2016. Univariate and multivariate ordinal logistic regression analyses were performed to identify comorbidities associated with presenting tumor T category, as classified by AJCC criteria.ResultsInitial presenting AJCC T category was T1 in 190 (43%), T2 in 130 (29%), T3 in 89 (20%), and T4 in 38 (9%). The most common comorbidities present were hypertension (250 patients, 56%), hyperlipidemia (211, 47%), obesity (137, 31%), and diabetes mellitus (87, 19%). Of these, obesity ( = 0.034), hypertension ( = 0.017), and diabetes mellitus ( < 0.001) were associated with earlier presenting T category on univariate ordinal logistic regression. After multivariate regression, only diabetes mellitus ( = 0.01) and obesity ( = 0.04) remained significantly associated with earlier T category on initial presentation.ConclusionAmong patients presenting with uveal melanoma, diabetes mellitus and obesity were associated with earlier presenting T category, which could reflect earlier detection of uveal melanoma in patients undergoing annual diabetic retinopathy screening examinations or having more frequent contact with the healthcare system. Larger studies should further explore this association and examine the utility of increased ocular screening in early detection of uveal melanoma.
Rare coexistence of spindle cell hemangioma and cavernous hemangioma in the orbit: A case report and literature review.
Zhang Y, Wang L, Liu H … +2 more , Qin L, Liu F
Eur J Ophthalmol · 2026 Jul · PMID 41637276 · Publisher ↗
IntroductionThe coexistence of heterogeneous tumors, spindle cell hemangioma (SCH) and cavernous hemangioma, is a rare clinical presentation. SCH is an uncommon vascular disease that most often presents as cutaneous or s...
IntroductionThe coexistence of heterogeneous tumors, spindle cell hemangioma (SCH) and cavernous hemangioma, is a rare clinical presentation. SCH is an uncommon vascular disease that most often presents as cutaneous or subcutaneous nodules in the distal extremities and only rarely in deep soft tissues.Case presentationA 57-year-old woman developed secondary orbital involvement with two tumors 40 years after removal of a cavernous hemangioma in the same orbit. CT and MRI images showed two tumors in the left orbit. Both were removed entirely via a transconjunctival anterior orbital approach combined with a nasal endoscopic transethmoidal approach. Pathology showed SCH and cavernous hemangioma.ConclusionCoexistence of SCH and cavernous hemangioma in the same area suggests a continuum and a shared origin. Although SCH is rare and its preoperative diagnosis is challenging, it should be included in the differential diagnosis of cavernous hemangioma.
Vitamins and nutraceuticals in glaucoma research.
Hui F, Williams PA
Eur J Ophthalmol · 2026 May · PMID 41637226 · Full text
Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. There is no current cure for glaucoma, and it is managed by lowering intraocular pressure, a major modifiable risk factor. Nutraceuticals have long been st...
Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. There is no current cure for glaucoma, and it is managed by lowering intraocular pressure, a major modifiable risk factor. Nutraceuticals have long been studied to protect retinal ganglion cells and the optic nerve from degeneration by targeting the metabolic and neurodegenerative aspects of glaucoma, and even contributing to pressure lowering. A range of vitamins, minerals and nutraceuticals have been and are undergoing investigation for glaucoma. Compounds such as NAD-boosting supplements, antioxidants, and combination therapies can potentially support retinal ganglion cell metabolism and reduce oxidative stress, leading to healthier neurons to preserve vision for longer. However, varying levels of evidence exist to support the use of nutraceuticals in glaucoma. Herein lies a comprehensive review on the latest research evidence for 35 different vitamins, minerals, and nutraceuticals, their proposed mechanism of action, and reported effects on retinal ganglion cell health and in people with glaucoma.
Macular microcirculation after extraocular muscle surgery: A comparative OCTA study of inferior oblique versus horizontal rectus procedures.
Huseyinhan Z, Ağın A, Ozbek M … +2 more , Diracoglu A, Artunay O
Eur J Ophthalmol · 2026 May · PMID 41632696 · Publisher ↗
PurposeTo compare macular microvascular changes after horizontal rectus and inferior oblique (IO) muscle surgeries using swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and to assess the distinct vascular ef...
PurposeTo compare macular microvascular changes after horizontal rectus and inferior oblique (IO) muscle surgeries using swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and to assess the distinct vascular effects of each surgical approach.MethodsEighty-two pediatric and adolescent patients with concomitant strabismus underwent unilateral extraocular muscle surgery. Group 1 (n = 43) received horizontal rectus muscle surgery; Group 2 (n = 39) underwent IO weakening surgery. The fellow unoperated eye served as a control. Macular microvasculature was evaluated before surgery, at 1 week, and 1 month postoperatively using a swept-source OCTA system. Vessel density (VD) of the superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP), and choriocapillaris (CC), as well as the foveal avascular zone area (FAZ), was quantitatively analyzed.ResultsIn the horizontal rectus group, SCP VD significantly increased in the 1st week compared to baseline (49.97% ± 2.41% vs. 51.16% ± 3.23%, p = 0.037) and returned to baseline values in the 1st month. A transient increase in CC VD was also observed at the 1st week (p = 0.006). No significant changes occurred in the DCP and FAZ. In the IO group, no significant changes were found in the SCP, DCP, or FAZ. However, a mild, transient increase in CC VD was observed at the 1st week (p = 0.001), which returned to baseline by the 1st month.ConclusionHorizontal rectus muscle surgery induces significant but transient changes in macular retinal and choroidal perfusion. In contrast, IO muscle surgery induces only localized and temporary choroidal alterations. OCTA may therefore serve as a valuable noninvasive tool for postoperative monitoring of vascular alterations in strabismus surgery.
Global, regional and national patterns in ROP research up to the pre-COVID-19 era: A systematic bibliometric review between 1950 to 2020.
Palacio Varona J, Rojas Manjarres AM, Gómez-Buitrago MI … +5 more , Castro-Caro J, Gonzalez-Parra JD, Del Portillo MC, Prada A, Villegas-Gomez GA
Eur J Ophthalmol · 2026 May · PMID 41604358 · Publisher ↗
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a leading cause of preventable childhood blindness, predominantly affecting preterm infants. Global disparities in neonatal care and research capacity influence the volume and visibili...
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a leading cause of preventable childhood blindness, predominantly affecting preterm infants. Global disparities in neonatal care and research capacity influence the volume and visibility of scientific production devoted to ROP across regions. This systematic bibliometric review aimed to characterize global, regional, and national patterns of ROP research published between 1950 and 2020, including temporal trends, geographic distribution, thematic focus, and citation impact. A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and SciELO identified 4,932 eligible articles. Most publications originated from the Region of the Americas (Pan American Health Organization, PAHO; 44.2%), the European Region (EURO; 28.0%), and the Western Pacific Region (WPRO; 16.0%). High-income countries accounted for 73.4% of the total output, whereas lower-middle- and low-income countries were markedly underrepresented. The most frequent research themes were risk/protective factors (25.0%) and treatment and outcomes (23.5%), while studies addressing surveillance and public health policies were scarce (6.3%). Scientific output increased markedly after the 1980s, with particularly rapid growth in recent decades in the Western Pacific and South-East Asia Regions. Citation analysis revealed substantial regional inequalities, with publications from high-income regions accounting for the majority of global citations and higher per-article impact. Overall, ROP research remains highly concentrated in high-income settings, reflecting persistent global disparities in scientific production and visibility. Strengthening research capacity and output in underrepresented regions is essential to promote more equitable evidence generation and to support informed decision-making in global eye health.
Efficacy and safety of tafluprost-timolol fixed-dose combination in open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension.
Ashraf S, Ul Haq MZ, Shabbir D … +8 more , Irfan H, Ahmed A, Burhan M, Javaid H, Shah MSU, Ansari MA, Qaddourah OA, Serhan HA
Eur J Ophthalmol · 2026 May · PMID 41604356 · Publisher ↗
PurposeTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of tafluprost and timolol combination in open-angle glaucoma (OAG) and ocular hypertension (OHT).MethodsPubMed, Embase, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov and Cochrane Library databases...
PurposeTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of tafluprost and timolol combination in open-angle glaucoma (OAG) and ocular hypertension (OHT).MethodsPubMed, Embase, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov and Cochrane Library databases were searched from their inception until March 28, 2025. Meta-analysis was conducted utilizing the 'metaprop' and 'metamean' packages in R Studio (version 4.4.3). We pooled proportion or incidence rate along with the respective 95% confidence interval (CI) and mean difference with 95% CI for continuous outcomes using a random effects model. The I2 test was employed to assess heterogeneity between the studies.ResultsThis meta-analysis included 15 studies involving 2066 patients. The pooled overall mean decrease in intraocular pressure (IOP) was -4.28 mmHg (95% CI: -6.21 to -2.34, I = 98.1%). Subgroup analysis indicated a more substantial IOP reduction in treatment-naïve individuals of -7.81 mmHg (95% CI: -10.73 to -4.90, I = 91.3%) when compared to the monotherapy switch group (-2.95 mmHg [95% CI: -5.09 to -0.81, I = 98.2%]). The incidence of any adverse event was 16% (95% CI: 6% to 37%, I = 96.2%), while incidence of serious adverse events was 2% (95% CI: 1% to 6%, I = 54.6%) and discontinuations were at 2% (95% CI: 1% to 5%, I = 52%).ConclusionThe fixed-dose combination of tafluprost and timolol notably decreases IOP, particularly in treatment-naïve patients, while exhibiting minimal systemic side effects and a satisfactory safety profile, thus endorsing its clinical application in the management of glaucoma and ocular hypertension.
Perspectives of anterior segment surgeons vs vitreoretinal surgeons on modified Yamane technique: Anterior or Total vitrectomy?
Aydin FO, Şimşek E, Aksoy BK … +6 more , Ceylan A, Akbaş YB, Karapapak M, Ermiş S, Özal E, Kepez Yildiz B
Eur J Ophthalmol · 2026 Mar · PMID 41591944 · Publisher ↗
PurposeTo compare the clinical and refractive outcomes of anterior vitrectomy (AnV) and pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in patients undergoing modified Yamane intrascleral fixation for secondary intraocular lens (IOL) implan...
PurposeTo compare the clinical and refractive outcomes of anterior vitrectomy (AnV) and pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in patients undergoing modified Yamane intrascleral fixation for secondary intraocular lens (IOL) implantation.MethodsIn this retrospective, comparative study, 74 eyes of 74 patients who underwent modified Yamane intrascleral fixation between January 2021 and August 2024 were included. Patients were categorized into two groups: AnV ( = 45) for subluxated IOLs and PPV ( = 29) for nucleus drop or IOL luxation. Postoperative visual acuity (uncorrected [UDVA] and corrected distance [CDVA]), refractive stability, IOL tilt, endothelial cell count (ECC), lenticular astigmatism, and complications were assessed. IOL tilt was measured by using swept-source optical coherence tomography.ResultsPostoperative and were significantly higher in the AnV group ( < 0.001). IOL tilt was similar between groups ( = 0.591). Corneal astigmatism was lower in the AnV group (-1.00 D vs. -1.75 D, < 0.001), while ECC was significantly better preserved compared to the PPV group (1784 ± 520 vs. 1234 ± 652 cells/mm, < 0.001). The median tilt angle was 1.87° (range: 0.15°-10°) in the AnV group and 1.85° (range: 0.47°-8.50°) in the PPV group ( = 0.591). Postoperative lenticular astigmatism values were similar between the groups ( = 0.124). Lenticular astigmatism correlated with IOL tilt ( = 0.794, < 0.001). Complication rates, including cystoid macular edema and epiretinal membrane formation, were similar between groups ( = 0.383, = 0.780).ConclusionsBoth AnV and PPV yielded comparable refractive and IOL positioning outcomes in modified Yamane intrascleral fixation. However, AnV demonstrated superior endothelial preservation, lower corneal astigmatism, and better visual acuity, suggesting an advantage.
About
- Frequency
- Sun
- Papers found
- 200
- RSS feed
- Subscribe