Int J Adolesc Med Health [JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Corrigendum to: A systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the effect of pranayama in reducing anxiety and stress in adolescents.
Oka GA, Deshmukh K, Halder P … +2 more , Ilanchoorian D, Gandhi AP
Int J Adolesc Med Health · 2026 Apr · PMID 41492939 · Publisher ↗
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Association of nutrition education and exercise with cardiometabolic health risk factors among overweight and obese adolescents: an odds ratio analysis.
Grace JM, Ras J
Int J Adolesc Med Health · 2026 Jan · PMID 41489269 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: To explore the association of nutrition education and exercise with cardiometabolic health risk factors among overweight and obese adolescents. METHODS: This quasi-experimental study utilised a pretest-posttes...
OBJECTIVE: To explore the association of nutrition education and exercise with cardiometabolic health risk factors among overweight and obese adolescents. METHODS: This quasi-experimental study utilised a pretest-posttest design to evaluate changes in body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, and fasting biochemical markers [(glucose, insulin, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C); low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C); triglycerides, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c); homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)] among 41 participants. The intervention combined supervised aerobic and resistance exercise sessions thrice weekly with a weekly nutrition education session over 10 weeks. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences was used for data analysis, with p<0.05 indicating statistical significance. RESULTS: Post-intervention, males had lower triglyceride (p=0.045) and LDL-C concentrations (p=0.043). In female adolescents, the intervention reduced diastolic blood pressure (p=0.045), LDL-C (p=0.012), insulin (p<0.001), and HOMA-IR concentrations (p=0.001). The intervention was a significant predictor of reduced LDL-C (p=0.003), HOMA-IR (p=0.010), blood glucose concentrations (p=0.020), and HbA1c levels (p=0.011). CONCLUSIONS: The improvements in CMD risk factors suggest potential long-term benefits supporting the usefulness of such an intervention. However, divergent sex-specific responses to the intervention underscore the importance of developing sex-specific intervention programs.
Obesity, physical activity levels, and associated factors among secondary school students in Konya.
Yıldırım Ş, Hisar F
Int J Adolesc Med Health · 2026 Apr · PMID 41483031 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: To ascertain the frequency of obesity, levels of physical activity, and related determinants in adolescent learners. METHODS: The study was conducted among 5th, 6th, and 7th-grade students aged 10-14 years at...
OBJECTIVES: To ascertain the frequency of obesity, levels of physical activity, and related determinants in adolescent learners. METHODS: The study was conducted among 5th, 6th, and 7th-grade students aged 10-14 years at a secondary school in Karatay district, Konya, using a descriptive and correlational design. Participants were selected through a stratified sampling method. Data were collected using a socio-demographic questionnaire, the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children (PAQ-C), and direct measurements of height and weight. Descriptive statistics, independent -test, Mann-Whitney , Kruskal-Wallis, One-Way ANOVA, Chi-square test, and correlation analyses were performed using SPSS 2020, with a significance level set at p<0.05. RESULTS: Among the participants, 12.9 % were categorized as overweight, and 3.8 % as obese. A negative relationship was identified between age and PAQ-C scores. Male students demonstrated notably higher PAQ-C scores compared to females. Additionally, a significant negative correlation was observed between Body Mass Index (BMI) and PAQ-C scores (r=-0.313, p<0.05). As physical activity levels rise, BMI values decline. CONCLUSIONS: Given the critical developmental stage of adolescence, promoting physical activity is vital for preventing obesity and establishing lifelong healthy behaviors. School healthcare professionals should implement evidence-based interventions within educational settings to foster active lifestyles and reduce obesity-related risks. This connection and the contributing factors are essential for reducing obesity rates and enhancing physical activity behaviors. Early intervention during adolescence may significantly impact public health outcomes in the long term.
Early effects of cigarette smoke on adolescent endothelial functions: a novel endocan/cotinine ratio approach.
Karimov EY, Karimov E, Dolu KO … +2 more , Özçetin M, Kılıç A
Int J Adolesc Med Health · 2026 Jan · PMID 41482722 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the early effects of cigarette smoke exposure on endothelial function in healthy adolescents by analyzing blood endocan levels and urinary cotinine concentrations. A novel endo...
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the early effects of cigarette smoke exposure on endothelial function in healthy adolescents by analyzing blood endocan levels and urinary cotinine concentrations. A novel endocan/cotinine ratio was proposed to enhance the assessment of endothelial response to tobacco exposure. METHODS: In this cross-sectional case-control study, 88 adolescents aged 13-18 years were recruited from Istanbul University between January and August 2021. Participants were divided into two groups: exposed (n=44) and non-exposed (n=44) to cigarette smoke. Blood endocan and urine cotinine levels were measured using ELISA. Statistical analysis included the Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman's correlation. RESULTS: Among the exposed participants, 11.4 % (n=5) were active smokers and 88.6 % (n=39) were passive smokers. Systolic blood pressure was significantly higher in the exposed group (p=0.03). Although endocan levels did not differ significantly between groups (p=0.74), median values were higher in the exposed group (1847.5 pg/mL, range: 14.79-3,121.63) compared to controls (1806.2 pg/mL, range: 116.83-4,618.90). Urinary cotinine levels were markedly elevated in the exposed group (p<0.001).Significant positive correlations were found between exposure duration (pack-years) and both endocan levels (r=0.318, p=0.01) and cotinine levels (r=0.524, p<0.001). A significant negative correlation was identified between cotinine and endocan levels specifically in the exposed group (r=-0.435, p=0.003), with regression analysis showing that each 1 ng/mL increase in urinary cotinine was associated with a 3.23 pg/mL reduction in serum endocan (R=0.189, p=0.003), suggesting that cotinine levels accounted for 18.9 % of the variability in endocan concentrations. No such correlation was observed in the control group (r=-0.015, p=0.925).The endocan/cotinine ratio showed a decreasing trend in the exposed group (median: 25.69, mean: 28.76 ± 21.45) compared to non-exposed participants (median: 34.24, mean: 47.31 ± 53.89), though this difference did not reach statistical significance (U=1,149.0, p=0.132). A negative correlation was found between BMI and endocan levels (r=-0.337, p=0.001), while a weak positive correlation was observed between age and cotinine concentration (r=0.222, p=0.038). CONCLUSIONS: Cigarette smoke exposure in adolescents leads to elevated cotinine levels and increased blood pressure (p=0.03), indicating early vascular changes. The observed negative correlation between cotinine and endocan levels (r=-0.435, p=0.003) may reflect a compensatory endothelial response. The endocan/cotinine ratio could serve as a novel, early biomarker for endothelial dysfunction in youth exposed to cigarette smoke.
Effects of hypermobility on physical assessment parameters in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis: a case-control study.
Kilinç Duran D, Altuntaş Yilmaz N, Erdeo F
Int J Adolesc Med Health · 2026 Jan · PMID 41479287 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of hypermobility on scoliosis degree, trunk rotation, lower extremity length difference, pes planus status, static and dynamic balance, and fall risk in in...
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of hypermobility on scoliosis degree, trunk rotation, lower extremity length difference, pes planus status, static and dynamic balance, and fall risk in individuals diagnosed with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). METHODS: This case-control study included 33 individuals with AIS (18 hypermobile, 15 non-hypermobile), aged 10-18 years, with Cobb angles ranging from 10° to 45°. Hypermobility was assessed using the Beighton Score, and those scoring 5 or higher were considered the hypermobile group. The degree of scoliosis was measured using the Cobb angle method, and trunk rotation was measured using a scoliometer. Lower extremity length discrepancy was assessed using a tape measure, and pes planus was assessed using the Navicular Drop Test. Static balance was determined using the Single-Leg Balance Test (eyes open/closed), dynamic balance using the Functional Reach Test (FUT), and fall risk was measured using the Morse Fall Scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS, and intergroup comparisons and correlations were evaluated. RESULTS: Lumbar trunk rotation was significantly lower in the hypermobile group (p=0.02). No group differences were observed in other physical parameters. Positive correlations were found between the Cobb angle and upper thoracic and lumbar trunk rotation; a significant positive correlation was also found between the Cobb angle and pes planus status. Hypermobility was linked to gender, and better dynamic balance was associated with a lower risk of falling. CONCLUSIONS: In individuals with AIS, hypermobility was determined to affect trunk rotation angle, particularly in the lumbar region, and to be associated with pes planus. Routine evaluation of hypermobility and pes planus is recommended, alongside exercises targeting dynamic balance to help reduce fall risk.
Does premenstrual syndrome (PMS) affect the lifestyle of adolescent/young college students?
Zolfaghary F, Adib-Rad H, Karimihamzekolaee N … +3 more , Bakouei F, Geraili Z, Delavar MA
Int J Adolesc Med Health · 2026 Feb · PMID 41423751 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) commonly affects adolescent and young women in educational settings, making it an important public health issue. Lifestyle is one of the essential subjects in health. This study as...
OBJECTIVES: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) commonly affects adolescent and young women in educational settings, making it an important public health issue. Lifestyle is one of the essential subjects in health. This study assesses how PMS affects the lifestyle of young and adolescent students. METHODS: This analytical cross-sectional study utilized a multi-stage cluster sampling method to recruit 450 students from various faculties at Babol University of Medical Sciences. The data collection instruments were self-administered questionnaires that captured variables related to demographics, fertility, anthropometry, premenstrual symptoms screening tool (PSST), and health-promoting lifestyle profile (HPLP). All instruments were completed by the student participants. For all statistical analyses, the threshold for significance was set at p<0.05. RESULTS: The results of this study showed that a significant percentage (81.1 %) experienced severe symptoms of PMS. The total lifestyle score was significantly higher in the non-PMS group (131.01 vs. 124.03, p=0.002). A significant negative correlation was reported between lifestyle scores and PSST (r=-0.236, p<0.001). On multiple regression analysis, the income satisfaction (β=-9.644, p=0.007) and PSST (β=-4.142, p=0.070) acted as negative predictors of lifestyle. On the other hand, dissatisfaction with income adequacy and PSST indicated a lower level of lifestyle. CONCLUSIONS: PMS had a tremendous impact on students' lifestyles. On the other hand, students who had PMS also had lower lifestyles. These results can help health policymakers to provide appropriate intervention strategies to reduce the severity of PMS and promote healthier lifestyles.
Associations between COVID-19-related stress and obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms among adolescents in Southern California.
Luna G, Hartshorn M, Harlow AF … +7 more , Wong MK, Whaley RC, Jafarzadeh NS, Canady M, Klemm G, Unger JB, Barrington-Trimis J
Int J Adolesc Med Health · 2026 Apr · PMID 41420549 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: The COVID-19 pandemic led to widespread public health measures such as quarantine and social distancing. While critical for disease mitigation, these interventions might have exacerbated stress, anxiety, and...
OBJECTIVES: The COVID-19 pandemic led to widespread public health measures such as quarantine and social distancing. While critical for disease mitigation, these interventions might have exacerbated stress, anxiety, and other adverse mental health outcomes among youth. This study examined the association between COVID-19-related stressors and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) symptoms among adolescents. METHODS: Data were drawn from three waves of a cohort study in Southern California, collected during lockdown due to COVID-19 (spring 2021; n=2,235), and in the following two years (spring 2022; n=3,765; spring 2023; n=3,917). Adjusted logistic regression models estimated cross-sectional associations between COVID-19-related stressors (participant COVID diagnosis [2021-2022], disease severity among friends/family [2021-2022], perceived COVID-related stress [2021, 2023], life stressors during lockdown [2021]), and OCD symptoms measured using the Revised Children's Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS). RESULTS: The prevalence of OCD symptoms declined over time, from 15.1 % in 2021 to 9.7 % in 2023. In 2021, adolescents who had COVID themselves, had friends or family who died from COVID, expressed extreme stress related to COVID, or experienced any of several COVID life stressors had higher odds of OCD symptoms (OR range=1.48-15.8; p<0.05). In 2022, having friends or family who had severe COVID (OR=1.42; 95 % CI=1.00, 2.00), required hospitalization (OR=1.82; 95 % CI=1.17, 2.82), or died from COVID (OR=1.68; 95 % CI=1.14, 2.47) was associated with greater odds of OCD symptoms. In 2023, adolescents reporting somewhat (OR=1.56; 95 % CI=1.11, 2.18), very (OR=2.28; 95 % CI=1.43, 3.64), or extremely high stress over COVID-19 (OR=3.02; 95 % CI=1.58, 5.75) had significantly elevated odds of OCD symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: These findings underscore the significant association of pandemic-related stressors and adolescent OCD symptoms, even several years after the onset of the pandemic. Targeted mental health interventions are needed to support vulnerable youth during and after public health crises.
Depression among medical students and the role of academic stress and coping strategies: a cross-sectional study in Bangladesh.
Karim MR, Akter S, Zannat T … +3 more , Sajid T, Afnan S, Zeba SA
Int J Adolesc Med Health · 2026 Feb · PMID 41400381 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: Depression is highly prevalent among medical students, especially in resource-constrained settings like Bangladesh, where academic stress serves as a prominent contributing factor. This study aims to explore...
OBJECTIVES: Depression is highly prevalent among medical students, especially in resource-constrained settings like Bangladesh, where academic stress serves as a prominent contributing factor. This study aims to explore the predictors of depression among medical students, with a specific focus on academic stress and coping mechanisms, while also evaluating the influence of behavioral and sociodemographic factors on depression in Bangladeshi medical students. METHODS: This cross-sectional study, conducted from October to December 2022, involved 1,072 undergraduate medical students from six public medical colleges in Bangladesh, selected through simple random sampling. Depression was measured using the PHQ-9, while academic stress, anxiety, insomnia, self-esteem, coping strategies, and internet addiction were assessed using the ASS-40, GAD-7, ISI, RSES, SCSI, and IAT, respectively. Data were analyzed by SPSS and Jamovi software employing chi-square tests, Mann-Whitney U tests, and binary logistic regression. The predicted probabilities were presented as beta coefficients, including crude and adjusted odds ratios (AOR), 95 % confidence intervals, and p-values. RESULTS: Over half of the participants experienced moderate to severe depression. Key predictors of depression included academic stress, coping strategies, and various sociodemographic and behavioral factors. Inadequate study facilities (OR: 1.32, 95 % CI: 1.21-1.44) and feelings of personal inadequacy (OR: 1.33, 95 % CI: 1.23-1.43) significantly increased the likelihood of depression. Among coping strategies, passive problem-focused coping was associated with higher odds of depression (OR: 1.17, 95 % CI: 1.08-1.26), whereas passive emotion-focused coping slightly reduced the risk (OR: 0.91, 95 % CI: 0.85-0.98). Active emotional coping had a marginal effect (OR: 1.07, 95 % CI: 1.00-1.15). Sociodemographic factors also played a significant role. Females were less likely to experience depression than males (OR: 0.35, 95 % CI: 0.19-0.68), and urban residents had lower odds than rural counterparts (OR: 0.40, 95 % CI: 0.19-0.86). Higher paternal education was protective (OR: 0.09, 95 % CI: 0.04-0.21), while maternal education beyond the secondary level was linked to increased risk (OR: 4.07, 95 % CI: 1.61-10.33). Among behavioral factors, insomnia significantly increased the odds of depression (OR: 1.38, 95 % CI: 1.29-1.48), while moderate internet use showed a protective effect compared to no use (OR: 0.26, 95 % CI: 0.13-0.52). Anxiety emerged as a strong predictor (OR: 1.78, 95 % CI: 1.61-1.97). Economically, having a personal income reduced the risk of depression by 49 % (OR: 0.51, 95 % CI: 0.27-0.96). CONCLUSIONS: Depression among medical students is significantly associated with academic stress, ineffective coping strategies, insomnia, and anxiety, which may further intensify among high-risk groups such as males, rural residents, and those facing financial challenges. Effective interventions should focus on reducing stress, developing adaptive coping skills, ensuring equitable access to academic resources, and enhancing mental health screening and support services.
Child marriage dispensation from a reproductive health perspective: why do judges grant or reject applications?
Sekarrini L, Prasetyo S, Kusumayati A
Int J Adolesc Med Health · 2025 Dec · PMID 41395843 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: Child marriage remains a critical public health concern in Indonesia, with significant implications for reproductive health and maternal well-being. In South Kalimantan, Indonesia, the practice is often justi...
OBJECTIVES: Child marriage remains a critical public health concern in Indonesia, with significant implications for reproductive health and maternal well-being. In South Kalimantan, Indonesia, the practice is often justified through court-approved dispensations, exposing young brides to higher risks of complications during pregnancy and childbirth, perpetuating cycles of poverty and inequality. This study investigates the determinants influencing judicial decisions on child marriage dispensation applications from a reproductive health perspective, focusing on 13 Religious Courts in South Kalimantan, Indonesia. METHODS: Utilizing a mixed-method design, this study combines quantitative descriptive analysis with qualitative approaches to understand judges' considerations. Data were collected from secondary data source and review of 249 child marriage dispensations case documents from 13 Religious Court in South Kalimantan in 2024. RESULTS: Among 249 child marriage dispensation cases in 2024, only 27 (10.84 %) involved health examinations for both partners. This disparity indicates that grooms are less likely to comply with health examination requirements, with 181 grooms and 10 brides granted dispensations without health certificates. Despite brides presenting general health certificates, judges often grant dispensations, potentially overlooking significant health risks. Approximately 71.49 % of cases are approved without comprehensive health examinations. Most examinations only provide general health information, with 79.12 % of cases involving health assessments solely for brides, highlighting a significant disparity in pre-marital health evaluations. CONCLUSIONS: Thorough health evaluations and legal age adherence in marriage dispensations protect minors' physical, emotional, and socio-economic well-being. Judges should enforce strict evaluations to safeguard minors' health and rights.
How can the uptake of HPV vaccination be increased in school going girls? a qualitative study with multiple stakeholders in Ganjam, Odisha.
Dhusiya HR, Sethy P, Pati S … +6 more , Pradhan SK, Kshatri JS, Mishra M, Barik SR, Kanungo S, Pati S
Int J Adolesc Med Health · 2025 Dec · PMID 41392010 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: Cervical cancer remains a significant public health challenge in low- and middle-income countries like India. Despite the efficacy of HPV vaccination, its uptake remains suboptimal. This qualitative study aim...
OBJECTIVES: Cervical cancer remains a significant public health challenge in low- and middle-income countries like India. Despite the efficacy of HPV vaccination, its uptake remains suboptimal. This qualitative study aimed to explore parental attitudes, knowledge, and decision-making regarding HPV vaccination for school-going adolescents in Ganjam, Odisha, to inform effective intervention strategies. METHODS: This qualitative study utilized semi-structured interviews, conducting Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), In-Depth Interviews (IDIs), and Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) of total 47 participants. Data were collected from December 2024 to January 2025 in Ganjam, Odisha. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis, aided by MAXQDA 2020 software. RESULTS: Five core themes emerged: Knowledge and Awareness Gaps (low awareness, confusion with other vaccines, information needs); Attitudes Towards HPV Vaccination (mixed institutional trust, accountability demands); Barriers to HPV Vaccination (cultural/social hesitancy, fear-driven hesitancy, individual and systemic barriers); Role of School Authorities (education and communication gaps); and Potential Collaborative Strategies (community engagement, policy and systems alignment). Participants showed positive sentiments towards trusted sources and community engagement, while negative sentiments were associated with fear, cultural norms, and systemic challenges. CONCLUSIONS: HPV vaccine uptake is hindered by knowledge gaps, cultural/fear-driven hesitancy, and systemic barriers. Improving coverage and health literacy in resource-limited settings requires intensive communication, school-based education, paternal involvement, intersectoral collaboration, and policy changes, including UIP integration.
Adolescent receptiveness to dentist involvement in COVID-19 and HPV vaccination.
Ge AY, Saha AL, Niu J … +2 more , Cadet TJ, France K
Int J Adolesc Med Health · 2025 Dec · PMID 41385741 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: Human papillomavirus (HPV) and COVID-19 can be prevented and mitigated by vaccines. Few studies have focused on dentists' role in vaccine decision making, and even fewer have explored adolescent perspectives;...
OBJECTIVES: Human papillomavirus (HPV) and COVID-19 can be prevented and mitigated by vaccines. Few studies have focused on dentists' role in vaccine decision making, and even fewer have explored adolescent perspectives; a target population for both vaccinations. This study aimed to address this gap with a focus on whether opinions vary between diseases. METHODS: We administered a validated cross-sectional survey to adolescent patients (11-19 years) in an orthodontic clinic in Vancouver, British Columbia from July-August 2023. The survey included questions pertaining to patient background, vaccine history and knowledge, and dentists' roles in vaccination education, discussion, and administration. Responses were compiled and analyzed to determine differences between vaccines and across demographic groups. RESULTS: Adolescents surveyed (n=93) overall agreed with dentist involvement in COVID-19 and HPV vaccines, with variability according to disease and dentist role. Comfort with dentist-administered vaccines was higher for COVID-19 (60 %) than HPV (37 %, p<0.05). There was a significant knowledge difference, with 85 % aware that the COVID-19 vaccine can prevent severe illness, but only 22 % aware that the HPV vaccine can prevent oropharyngeal cancer (p<0.05). Patients showed overall willingness to discuss COVID-19/HPV vaccines with dentists (58 % and 49 %) and less agreement that dentists were qualified to educate about COVID-19/HPV vaccines (43 % and 37 %). CONCLUSIONS: Findings indicate mixed adolescent perception of including dentists in vaccinations, with higher comfort around COVID-19 over HPV vaccines. Openness to discussion may present an opportunity for dentists to expand scope of practice into additional education, particularly around HPV and its connection with oropharyngeal cancer.
Patterns of social media platforms co-use and social media addiction among secondary school students: findings from Thailand's fifth national school students survey with latent class analysis.
Jayuphan J, Assanangkornchai S, Wichaidit W
Int J Adolesc Med Health · 2026 Feb · PMID 41292161 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: Adolescents generally use social media in groups of applications or platforms with a latent pattern. As neurobiological studies suggest that social media platforms stimulate the brain in diverse ways, we hypo...
OBJECTIVES: Adolescents generally use social media in groups of applications or platforms with a latent pattern. As neurobiological studies suggest that social media platforms stimulate the brain in diverse ways, we hypothesize that certain social media use patterns may be more prone to addiction than others. The objectives of this study are: 1) to describe patterns of social media platform co-use among school-going adolescents in Thailand, and; 2) to describe the extent to which social media co-use patterns are associated with social media addiction. METHODS: We conducted a nationally representative cross-sectional study among 23,659 secondary school students from 113 schools across Thailand between November 2020 and March 2021. We asked participants to self-report the social media applications and platforms that they had used in the past 12 months. We used latent class analysis (LCA) to identify social media usage patterns, and assessed the patterns' association with social media addiction scores using multivariable linear regression. RESULTS: Among our participants, 86.1 % had used social media within the past 30 days. Facebook was the most commonly used platform, followed by YouTube and Line. We identified two distinct social media use patterns: 1) Common use of Line, Facebook, and YouTube ("Basic Combo"); 2) Basic Combo with other platforms such as Twitter, TikTok, and Instagram ("Basic Combo Plus"). The "Basic Combo Plus" pattern participants exhibited higher levels of withdrawal, persistence, and escapism in social media use compared to the "Basic Combo" pattern participants (all p-value < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The number of social media platforms correlates with social media addiction level. However, limited generalizability, the lack of detail regarding social media use, and potential information bias should be considered as caveats in the interpretation of the study findings.
Screen-time exposure and modality-specific working memory capacity in adolescents.
Sarvajna DH, Winston JS, Puttanna D … +4 more , Odeyar S, Ravindran R, Sunil Kumar KV, Klaykote Vettil A
Int J Adolesc Med Health · 2026 Apr · PMID 41277091 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: Electronic devices have become an integral part of adolescents' lives, serving as a means of entertainment, education, and communication. Educational applications may enhance early reading and cognitive abili...
OBJECTIVES: Electronic devices have become an integral part of adolescents' lives, serving as a means of entertainment, education, and communication. Educational applications may enhance early reading and cognitive abilities, but excessive screen time can harm working memory (WM), a critical skill for processing information. Considering the developmental transformations in WM during adolescence, existing literature about the impacts of active (AST) vs. background screen time (BST) on modality-specific WM capacity remains inconclusive. This study examined the correlation between WM and different forms of screen in adolescents. METHODS: A total of 81 adolescents aged between 13 and 16 years were included in this cross-sectional study. WM span was measured using auditory reverse digit span (ARDS) and visual reverse digit span (VRDS) tasks, as well as a Corsi backward (CB) task. Screen time data were collected from parents and self-reported by participants. RESULTS: The study found that higher AST than BST exposure occurred in all children. While BST showed no significant impact on WM, higher AST was linked to better performance on all three tasks, especially the CB task. Logistic regression revealed that lower CB and ARDS scores predicted low AST levels with strong classification accuracy. In contrast, BST was not a significant predictor of WM outcomes. These findings suggest modality-specific effects of active screen engagement on WM. CONCLUSIONS: This study concluded that higher levels of AST were associated with better performance across WM tasks, particularly in the visuospatial modality, highlighting modality-specific effects of screen exposures among adolescents in this context.
From cure to care-understanding long-term health risks after Hodgkin's lymphoma treatment in adolescents and young adults.
Kearney M, Faithfull S, Leech M
Int J Adolesc Med Health · 2026 Apr · PMID 41267326 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: Hodgkin's Lymphoma (HL) is the most common malignancy among Adolescents and Young Adults (AYAs). Although survival rates are excellent, two thirds of survivors experience physical and psychosocial late effect...
OBJECTIVES: Hodgkin's Lymphoma (HL) is the most common malignancy among Adolescents and Young Adults (AYAs). Although survival rates are excellent, two thirds of survivors experience physical and psychosocial late effects that can emerge years or decades after treatment significantly impacting quality of life. As care priorities shift from cure to survivorship, it is essential that health care professionals (HCPs)-across oncology, primary care, mental health, and general medical services-are equipped to recognise, anticipate, and respond to these long-term consequences. This narrative review examined the evolution of HL treatment in AYAs and explored how these changes influence late-effect risks, with the aim of informing HCP vigilance and clinical practice. METHODS: A narrative review of clinical studies, guidelines, and review literature was conducted to evaluate changes in radiotherapy and chemotherapy strategies, including treatment de-escalation, risk-adapted regimens, and advances in radiotherapy targeting. Literature and long-term population studies describing late effects, such as secondary malignancies, cardiopulmonary toxicity, endocrine disorders, and psychosocial challenges, was synthesised to identify patterns of late effects presenting in this group. RESULTS: Findings demonstrate a clear evolution toward less intensive and more individualised treatments; however, substantial late-effect risks persist. Limited long-term outcome data reflective of contemporary treatment approaches further complicate timely recognition of these late effects. CONCLUSIONS: Despite major therapeutic advances, AYAs remain vulnerable to long-term and late-presenting consequences of HL treatment. All HCPs who may encounter these individuals must maintain vigilant for late effects and deliver proactive, informed care that supports their sustained physical and psychological well-being.
Risks and predictors of HIV infection among adolescents in conflict regions of Nigeria.
Salihu HM, Murtala AM, Abdullahi AA … +10 more , Murtala HA, Abbas MA, Yusuf AL, Aliyu MH, Aliyu SH, Adeyemi OD, Dongarwar D, Mukhtar RA, Aliyu G, Torrelles JB
Int J Adolesc Med Health · 2025 Dec · PMID 41250185 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: HIV remains highly prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa, home to approximately 66 % of all people living with HIV and 85 % of children and adolescents living with HIV globally. The region also experiences the high...
OBJECTIVES: HIV remains highly prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa, home to approximately 66 % of all people living with HIV and 85 % of children and adolescents living with HIV globally. The region also experiences the highest levels of armed conflict, resulting in a dual burden of violence and infectious diseases like HIV. Despite these challenges, few studies have explored the impact of war and armed conflict on HIV transmission among adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa. To address this gap in the literature, our study examines HIV risk behaviors among adolescents in both conflict and non-conflict zones of Nigeria. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study of adolescents aged 15-19 years, identified through the Nigeria HIV/AIDS Indicator and Impact Survey (NAIIS). We assessed the prevalence of HIV risk behaviors across the entire country, stratified by conflict zone status. Bivariate associations between risk behaviors and conflict status were evaluated using the chi-square test. To identify factors associated with HIV infection among adolescents, we employed survey-weighted logistic regression models, reporting adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS: We analyzed 20,518,667 weighted records of adolescents aged 15-19 years, from both conflict (11 %) and non-conflict zones (89 %) of Nigeria. Despite the majority of adolescents residing in non-conflict zones, we found that high-risk behaviors for HIV, such as the non-use of condoms, were more prevalent in conflict zones. However, transactional sex and having two or more sexual partners were significantly higher among adolescents in non-conflict areas. Notably, the risk of HIV infection was over three times higher among adolescents who did not use condoms during sexual intercourse (AOR: 3.22, CI: 1.13, 9.19; p 0.029). Additional risk factors included younger age, educational status, engagement in transactional sex, and having multiple sexual partners. CONCLUSIONS: This study reports the risk behaviors that contribute to HIV infection among adolescents, particularly within conflict settings. Our findings highlight the link between conflict and heightened HIV risk behaviors among Nigerian adolescents. By identifying these factors and understanding the unique challenges faced by adolescents in conflict zones, more effective, youth-friendly reproductive health programs can be developed for regions impacted by war and conflict.
Managing the monthly: a mixed methods study on menstrual waste management among adolescent girls from South India.
John RM, Ramaswamy G, Kona C … +5 more , Das S, Priyadarshini R, Kulkarni V, Panda M, Agarwal N
Int J Adolesc Med Health · 2025 Dec · PMID 41249089 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: This study assessed the perceptions and practices of menstrual waste management (MWM) and explored the associated facilitators and barriers in schools of Yadadri-Bhuvanagiri district, Telangana, India. METHOD...
OBJECTIVES: This study assessed the perceptions and practices of menstrual waste management (MWM) and explored the associated facilitators and barriers in schools of Yadadri-Bhuvanagiri district, Telangana, India. METHODS: A mixed-method approach was adopted. A cross-sectional survey was done among adolescent girls and in-depth interviews among the school teachers from seven schools. RESULTS: Of the total 394 adolescent girls included in the study, 96.5 % used disposable sanitary pads, with 95 % disposing of them in waste bins at schools, which were incinerated, burnt in open places or buried deep. From the in-depth interviews conducted among the teachers, cultural beliefs, inadequate infrastructure, and limited awareness about reusable menstrual products emerged as significant barriers for safe MWM practices. Non-availability of sanitary workers, electricity fluctuations affecting incineration, and the lack of structured educational materials were some of the challenges that emerged from the in-depth interview. Facilitators for MWM included teacher engagement, availability of dustbins, and support from health workers. CONCLUSIONS: The findings underscore the need for focused interventions, such as sustainable disposal solutions, education on MWM, and community involvement, to improve menstrual waste management among adolescents.
Risk factors for adolescent obesity in LMICs: a meta-analysis using multiple adiposity indicators.
Erlena E, Nurjannah I, Deddy Nur Wachid A … +1 more , Wibawa T
Int J Adolesc Med Health · 2026 Apr · PMID 41230867 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Adolescent obesity is an escalating public health challenge in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Most evidence has relied on body mass index (BMI), which may underestimate central adiposity. We cond...
INTRODUCTION: Adolescent obesity is an escalating public health challenge in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Most evidence has relied on body mass index (BMI), which may underestimate central adiposity. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to synthesize risk factors using multiple anthropometric indicators. CONTENT: A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science was conducted for studies published between January 2013 and December 2023. Studies were included if they reported adolescent obesity risk factors, were peer-reviewed, and published in English. Studies that did not assess risk factors, review articles, editorials, case reports, and animal studies were excluded. Data were extracted and synthesized both narratively and quantitatively, and the risk of bias of included studies was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. From 196,775 records, 21 studies were included (n≈46,000 adolescents). Significant risk factors were genetic predisposition (OR 1.80; 95 % CI 1.35-2.40), socioeconomic status (OR 1.31; 95 % CI 1.13-1.52), unhealthy dietary patterns (OR 2.07; 95 % CI 1.11-3.88), environmental exposures (OR 1.25; 95 % CI 1.09-1.44), low physical activity (OR 1.14; 95 % CI 1.03-1.27), and psychosocial stress (OR 1.29; 95 % CI 1.08-1.54). Subgroup analyses revealed that the waist-to-height ratio was the most consistent predictor of obesity risk, whereas BMI exhibited more heterogeneous associations. Regional disparities were evident, with stronger associations in East Asia and Latin America. SUMMARY: Adolescent obesity in LMICs arises from intersecting biological, behavioral, and social determinants. The waist-to-height ratio may provide a more accurate measure of adiposity than the BMI. Effective prevention requires multisectoral policies addressing unhealthy diets, limited physical activity, psychosocial stress, and obesogenic environments. OUTLOOK: Further research is expected to involve interventions to address obesity in LMICs by considering measurements using the waist-to-height ratio to measure adiposity rather than using BMI.
Influence of bullying victimization on depressive mood with self-compassion and resilience as mediators.
Bowornkittikun A, Pisitsungkagarn K, Jarukasemthawee S … +1 more , Sirivasuvat C
Int J Adolesc Med Health · 2026 Apr · PMID 41217294 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: With the debilitating impacts of bullying victimization, attempts were made to identify protective factors for its impacts, particularly depression. The attempts were particularly essential in Thailand due to...
OBJECTIVES: With the debilitating impacts of bullying victimization, attempts were made to identify protective factors for its impacts, particularly depression. The attempts were particularly essential in Thailand due to its high reports of victimization. Therefore, the present study proposed a path model to examine the mediating roles of self-compassion and resilience in the association between bullying victimization and depression among Thai adolescents. METHODS: Three hundred and seventy-one Thai junior high school students voluntarily participated in the study. They responded to the measures of bullying victimization, depression, self-compassion, and resilience. The data obtained were analyzed using path analyses. RESULTS: After modifications, the model fit was demonstrated. Goodness-of-fit indices were fulfilled (e.g., =4.83, =2, =0.09). However, only self-compassion, not resilience, mediated the association between victimization and depression. Rather, resilience mediated the association that self-compassion had with depression. CONCLUSIONS: These findings helped bridge gaps in identifying protective factors for the adverse impacts of bullying victimization and suggested therapeutic interventions that promoted self-compassion in those inflicted.
Incidence and outcomes of adolescent pregnancy in consuelo, Dominican Republic between 2017-2022.
Chavez W, Fernandez A, Tafese A … +4 more , Feiler MO, Vasquez F, MacLean SA, Steenhoff AP
Int J Adolesc Med Health · 2025 Dec · PMID 41217049 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: Despite global declines, adolescent pregnancy remains a significant public health issue in the Dominican Republic. We examined the rate of adolescent pregnancy and associated maternal and neonatal outcomes in...
OBJECTIVES: Despite global declines, adolescent pregnancy remains a significant public health issue in the Dominican Republic. We examined the rate of adolescent pregnancy and associated maternal and neonatal outcomes in Consuelo, a semi-rural Dominican town. METHODS: A retrospective review of labor and delivery records from January 2017 to December 2022 was conducted at Consuelo's regional hospital. Descriptive analyses compared maternal and neonatal outcomes between adolescent and non-adolescent pregnancies. RESULTS: Of 1,292 deliveries, adolescent pregnancies accounted for 22 %, ranging from 14 % in 2022 to 27 % in 2019. There were no differences between adolescent and non-adolescent mothers in rates of low birth weight, macrosomia, pre-term delivery, post-term delivery or neonatal death. Adolescent mothers were more likely to have cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD; p=0.005). CONCLUSIONS: There is a high incidence of adolescent pregnancy in Consuelo, adolescent mothers were more likely to have CPD, and interventions are needed to reduce the incidence of adolescent pregnancies.
HPV vaccination: analysis of acceptability among mothers - a study of 160 cases.
Bannour I, Mastouri S, Bannour R … +3 more , Saoudi R, Chahed S, Bannour B
Int J Adolesc Med Health · 2025 Dec · PMID 41187992 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: To assess Tunisian mothers' knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions regarding HPV vaccination, in order to better understand the factors influencing their acceptance. METHODS: A multicenter, cross-sectional ana...
OBJECTIVES: To assess Tunisian mothers' knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions regarding HPV vaccination, in order to better understand the factors influencing their acceptance. METHODS: A multicenter, cross-sectional analytical study was conducted between December 2024 and January 2025 among 160 mothers residing in Tunisia, each with at least one daughter aged 10-12 years. Data were collected using an anonymous self-administered questionnaire covering socio-demographic information, knowledge of cancer, HPV, and vaccination, as well as attitudes and factors influencing acceptability. RESULTS: Almost all participants (99.4 %) had heard of cervical cancer, but only 16.3 % were aware of HPV. Knowledge about the HPV vaccine was low (13.1 %). More than half (59.4 %) expressed concerns about side effects. Acceptance of the vaccine was low, with only 21.9 % expressing favorable opinions and 57.5 % unfavorable. In univariate analysis, a higher level of education and knowledge of HPV were associated with a favorable attitude; however, no independent predictors were identified in the multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: This study reveals a low level of knowledge and acceptance of HPV vaccination among Tunisian mothers, mainly due to insufficient information and safety concerns. Culturally adapted educational campaigns and active involvement of healthcare professionals are essential to improve vaccination coverage.
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