J Psychiatr Res [JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Corrigendum to "Abnormal directed functional connectivity in emotional cognitive control in patients with major depressive disorder" [J. Psychiatr. Res. 200 (2026) 184-19].
He S, Wan L, Chen Y … +4 more , Zhang Q, Yang T, Xie W, Wang X
J Psychiatr Res · 2026 Jun · PMID 42309021 · Publisher ↗
Abstract loading — click title to view on PubMed.
Predicting changes in depressive symptomatology following oral esketamine treatment in treatment-resistant depression: A machine-learning approach.
Lima Constantino J, Freimann TS, van Dalfsen JH … +5 more , van der Meij A, Veraart JKE, Smith-Apeldoorn SY, Schoevers RA, Kamphuis J
J Psychiatr Res · 2026 Jun · PMID 42302638 · Publisher ↗
Oral esketamine is a potentially effective and well-tolerated treatment for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). However, around 50% of TRD individuals treated with oral esketamine do not achieve response, and this vari...
Oral esketamine is a potentially effective and well-tolerated treatment for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). However, around 50% of TRD individuals treated with oral esketamine do not achieve response, and this variation in response may be accounted for by interindividual differences between patients. Efforts to develop effective and personalized depression treatment strategies are crucial, as early improvement is associated with higher response and remission rates. One strategy increasingly used to identify patient characteristics that might predict antidepressant response is the use of machine learning approaches. This study aimed to assess the predictive value of sociodemographic and clinical characteristics in reducing depressive symptomatology in a TRD population treated with oral esketamine. Clinical characteristics included depressive symptomatology and treatment resistance. Data from an open-label trial with a sample of 131 TRD patients who received individually adjusted dosages of oral esketamine, ranging from 0.5 mg/kg to 3 mg/kg, twice a week for six weeks were analyzed. The predictive performances of a linear regression, elastic net learner, and random forest models were compared to a featureless learner. The results showed that none of the models were able to predict change in depressive symptomatology above chance. This suggests that, within the scope of the selected features, oral esketamine may have similar effectiveness across the TRD population, regardless of levels of treatment-resistance. Future attempts to predict the treatment outcomes of esketamine should consider including a wider range of features and utilizing other analysis methods that counter small sample sizes and accounts for time-dependent interactions within systems.
Cognitive flexibility subtypes and anorexia nervosa symptom severity: Evaluating the contribution of perfectionism.
Heled E, Himai Y, Papelbaum M … +1 more , Ben-Harush EE
J Psychiatr Res · 2026 Jun · PMID 42289165 · Publisher ↗
Impaired cognitive flexibility (CF) and elevated perfectionism are well-documented in anorexia nervosa (AN), yet their contribution to symptom severity remains unclear. The current study aimed to examine whether CF predi...
Impaired cognitive flexibility (CF) and elevated perfectionism are well-documented in anorexia nervosa (AN), yet their contribution to symptom severity remains unclear. The current study aimed to examine whether CF predicts symptom severity and whether perfectionism contributes to these associations, by applying a model-based approach distinguishing three CF subtypes. Thirty-one women with AN completed three CF tasks, as well as the Eating Disorders Examination-Questionnaire, the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, assessing symptom severity, perfectionism, and emotional distress, respectively. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that the final model including CF variables was not significant, as none of the CF subtypes predicted symptom severity, and the addition of perfectionism did not alter this pattern. However, perfectionism showed an independent association with AN symptom severity when examined without CF subtypes. These findings suggest that CF may be less central to AN severity than previously proposed, and challenge models positioning CF as a key predictor of AN severity, whereas perfectionism appears to play a more direct role.
Causes of death in patients with a history of severe Anorexia Nervosa.
Rienecke RD, Duffy A, Le Grange D … +4 more , Joiner T, Manwaring J, Watters A, Mehler PS
J Psychiatr Res · 2026 Jun · PMID 42287759 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: This study reports causes of death for a cohort of 35 patients with severe anorexia nervosa (AN), who were treated between 2012 and 2020, and descriptive information on their medical and psychological comorbid...
OBJECTIVE: This study reports causes of death for a cohort of 35 patients with severe anorexia nervosa (AN), who were treated between 2012 and 2020, and descriptive information on their medical and psychological comorbidities is provided. METHODS: Three hundred and seventy patient names were submitted to the National Death Index (NDI). The NDI reviewed whether a death certificate matching each patient's identifying information existed, and if it existed, specific causes of death were noted. The original group of 370 patients consisted of 229 individuals who had been treated voluntarily and 141 who had been treated involuntarily. RESULTS: Thirty-five patients from the 370 (9.4%) submitted to the NDI were confirmed deceased. Most (83%) were female with an average age of 38.5 years (SD:12.7) and average admission body mass index (BMI) of 12.8kg/m (SD:2.4). The total number of patients with AN listed as a cause of death was 24 (69%). Twenty-eight (80%) of the patients had a specific medical disease listed as a cause of death, with the most frequent being cardiovascular, metabolic, or gastrointestinal. CONCLUSIONS: AN is associated with a substantial risk of death from many medical causes.
Social deprivation in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: A systematic review.
Monari S, Saccaro LF, Kirschner M … +3 more , Kaiser S, Bolano S, Sabé M
J Psychiatr Res · 2026 Jun · PMID 42284805 · Publisher ↗
Social deprivation remains an underexplored factor in schizophrenia research, despite its well-established association with negative symptoms such as asociality and avolition. These symptoms, which impair motivation and...
Social deprivation remains an underexplored factor in schizophrenia research, despite its well-established association with negative symptoms such as asociality and avolition. These symptoms, which impair motivation and social engagement, are often exacerbated by environmental factors like institutionalization and social isolation. This review aims to investigate the complex relationship between social deprivation (including perceived loneliness) and negative symptoms in schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD). We conducted a pre-registered (PROSPERO ID: CRD42022259295) systematic review searching PubMed, PsychINFO, PsyARTICLE, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and ClinicalTrials.gov, supplemented by manual searches. Due to the heterogeneity of the studies, a meta-analysis was not conducted. Out of 2511 records screened, we included a total of 31 studies, encompassing 3 cohort, 3 randomized controlled trials, 17 cross-sectional, and 5 case-control studies published between 1995 and 2023. The majority of studies involved individuals with chronic schizophrenia spectrum disorder, although some also focused on first-episode psychosis. We analyzed both external (e.g., institutionalization, socioeconomic status, stigma, cultural context) and internal (e.g., depression, loneliness, impaired social cognition, residual positive symptoms) contributors to social deprivation and their links to negative symptoms. Findings suggest that social deprivation significantly contributes to the onset and progression of negative symptoms, ultimately reducing quality of life. This review emphasizes the need for future longitudinal studies to further explore how social deprivation impacts negative symptoms in outpatient populations, and advocates for psychosocial interventions designed to reduce social isolation, with the goal of improving patient outcomes.
Risk factors associated with death by suicide in people diagnosed with borderline personality disorder in comparison with major depressive disorder: A descriptive study.
Wheeler J, Mildred H, Broadbear JH … +4 more , Mellor D, Al-Qassab A, Katz P, Rao S
J Psychiatr Res · 2026 Jun · PMID 42284804 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: People with borderline personality disorder (BPD) often experience chronic suicidality and engage in deliberate self-harm (DSH) to manage intense emotions and psychological distress. Identifying reliable pred...
BACKGROUND: People with borderline personality disorder (BPD) often experience chronic suicidality and engage in deliberate self-harm (DSH) to manage intense emotions and psychological distress. Identifying reliable predictors of suicide risk that are inclusive of people with BPD remains challenging. This study was carried out to clarify whether factors associated with completed suicide in people with BPD differ from suicide-related factors in people with depression. METHODS: Clinical records of patients who died by suicide and had a primary diagnosis of either BPD (n = 13) or Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) (n = 18) were reviewed. A comprehensive risk assessment audit tool was developed. Four super-ordinal risk factor categories were derived using thematic analysis; historical, psychological, behavioural, and psychosocial. RESULTS: While there were common precipitating factors for both cohorts, factors more likely to be associated with BPD were: childhood adversity, history of DSH, recent relationship breakdown, and recent change in the method or frequency of DSH. Precipitating factors associated more often with MDD were stressful life events and worsening substance use. CONCLUSIONS: Multiple suicide risk factors differentiating BPD from MDD were identified, supporting the application of a BPD-specific lens when conducting suicide risk assessments in this population. Further research is required to examine whether this approach better captures changes in suicide risk that could improve outcomes for people with BPD.
The frequency of negative automatic thoughts may predict near-term suicide attempt in high-risk patients.
Chesin MS, Interian A, Myers CE
J Psychiatr Res · 2026 Jun · PMID 42284803 · Publisher ↗
Negative automatic thoughts feature centrally in psychiatric disorder but are rarely studied in the prediction of suicide attempts. This study tested whether negative automatic thoughts could prospectively predict suicid...
Negative automatic thoughts feature centrally in psychiatric disorder but are rarely studied in the prediction of suicide attempts. This study tested whether negative automatic thoughts could prospectively predict suicide attempt or other suicide event (aborted or self-interrupted attempt, preparatory behavior or suicidal ideation resulting in hospitalization) within a 90-day window among high suicide risk patients. Sixty Veterans at high risk of suicide completed assessments of negative automatic thoughts at multiple timepoints over a 1-year period. Each assessment session was then coded according to whether the participant made a suicide attempt or had an other suicide event in the following 90 days. Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) were used to evaluate the incremental utility of (1) negative automatic thoughts and (2) acquired capability for suicide on predicting 90-day suicide attempt or other suicide event over established suicide risk factors, including lifetime number of suicide attempts, concurrent suicidal ideation, depressive symptom severity and hopelessness. The odds of a 90-day suicide attempt were significantly greater with more frequent negative automatic thoughts (OR = 1.06 [95% CI 1.03-1.09], p < .001); however, negative automatic thoughts did not significantly predict a near-term other suicide event (excluding an actual attempt). Acquired capability did not add to the near-term prediction of either suicide attempt or other suicide event. The study was a secondary analysis of data collected from a small sample, and thus, findings require replication. Near-term suicide attempts were rare even in this high-risk sample. Nevertheless, findings provide preliminary evidence for depressionogenic thought content in suicide attempt risk, and suggest a more direct link between negative automatic thoughts and suicide attempt than posited in contemporary theories.
Top-down rather than bottom-up attention processing mediates the pathway from childhood trauma exposure to depression in adolescents.
Li Z, Shen D, Han M … +4 more , Wang Y, Qin J, Becker B, Xu X
J Psychiatr Res · 2026 Jun · PMID 42284802 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Childhood trauma (CT) is a critical risk for major depressive disorder (MDD), yet the cognitive mechanisms linking CT to adolescent depression remain poorly understood. While alterations in attentional proces...
BACKGROUND: Childhood trauma (CT) is a critical risk for major depressive disorder (MDD), yet the cognitive mechanisms linking CT to adolescent depression remain poorly understood. While alterations in attentional processing are core features of MDD, it remains unclear whether attentional dysfunctions, particularly in the domain of social cognition, mediate the link between CT and adolescent depression. OBJECTIVE: This study employed a dual-method approach: (1) categorical determination of attentional alterations in adolescent with MDD, and (2) dimensional examination of the mediating effect of attentional alterations in CT-depression pathways. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING: 122 adolescents including 72 first-episode treatment-naïve MDD and 50 healthy controls were recruited in this study. METHODS: Attentional processing was assessed using an anti-saccade paradigm with pro-saccade (bottom-up allocation) and anti-saccade (top-down control) conditions across non-social shapes and social-emotional faces. CT exposure and depressive symptoms were measured via Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), respectively. RESULTS: Compared to healthy controls, adolescents with MDD exhibited lower accuracy, longer response latency, and a novel trial sequential analysis revealed more errors in switch trials and slower post-error responses during the anti-saccade task. Only top-down attentional control, not bottom-up allocation, specifically mediated the association between CT and depression. CONCLUSIONS: Adolescents with MDD showed reduced cognitive flexibility and impaired post-error adjustment, particularly in tasks requiring top-down attentional control in dynamic or emotionally changing context. Top-down attentional dysfunction constitutes a specific mechanistic pathway linking CT to depression in adolescence, highlighting executive attention as a critical early intervention target for trauma-related depression.
Effects of bupropion and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on sexual function, depression severity and cognitive performance in individuals with major depressive disorder - results from a double-blind, sham-controlled randomized intervention.
Keshavarzi A, Arandi SZ, Ahmadpanah M … +5 more , Haghighi M, Jahangard L, Soltanian A, Nikghadam H, Brand S
J Psychiatr Res · 2026 May · PMID 42284801 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Although repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is recognized as an effective therapeutic option for major depressive disorder (MDD), little research is available regarding its effectiveness with...
BACKGROUND: Although repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is recognized as an effective therapeutic option for major depressive disorder (MDD), little research is available regarding its effectiveness with respect to sexual dysfunction in patients with MDD. The objective of this intervention study was therefore to examine the effectiveness of adjuvant rTMS to a standard treatment with bupropion for individuals with MDD and sexual dysfunction. METHODS: A total of 40 inpatients (mean age: 32.0 years; 21 females) diagnosed with MDD according to DSM-5 criteria, suffering from sexual dysfunction, and treated with standard medication of bupropion, were randomly assigned either to an active rTMS intervention or to a sham rTMS condition (each condition: ten sessions across three consecutive weeks). Gender-specific self-rated sexual function was assessed at baseline, at the fifth, and tenth sessions (study end). At baseline and at study end, experts rated participants' depression intensity (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale; HDRS), and participants completed the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), a cognitive screener designed to detect mild cognitive impairment and early dementia. RESULTS: Female sexual function improved over time, but more so in the active rTMS condition than in the sham condition. Male sexual dysfunction decreased over time, irrespective of the study condition. Depression severity decreased over time, irrespective of the study condition. Cognitive functions improved over time, but more so in the active rTMS condition. CONCLUSION: Compared to a sham condition, adjuvant active rTMS to standard antidepressant medication with bupropion improved sexual function and cognitive performance among a sample of females with MDD. For depression and male sexual dysfunction, improvements were unrelated to adjuvant active rTMS. rTMS should be considered with respect to sexual function in females with major depressive disorder.
Corrigendum to "Multi-time scale dynamic effective brain networks reveal accelerated brain aging in individuals with major depressive disorder" [J. Psychiatr. Res. 196 (2026) 306-313].
Ji S, Zhao S, Tian Y … +3 more , Zhang D, Xia W, Yu H
J Psychiatr Res · 2026 Jun · PMID 42284800 · Publisher ↗
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Psychopathology, cognitive and social function, and ERP indices at the lower state of psychosis continuum: a case control study.
Sun M, Sun MZ, Mi L … +8 more , Zhang JW, Li R, Li Y, Zhou HL, Yang WJ, Wang DF, Zheng YJ, Zhou L
J Psychiatr Res · 2026 Jun · PMID 42275749 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) have been widely used for high-risk population screening in community. However, current knowledge on PLEs is still limited. This study aimed to examine multidimensional psych...
BACKGROUND: Psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) have been widely used for high-risk population screening in community. However, current knowledge on PLEs is still limited. This study aimed to examine multidimensional psychopathology and function in this population, and to explore the potential biomarkers of PLEs among event-related potential (ERP) indices as well as the associations of ERP indices with multidimensional performances. METHODS: Subclinical symptoms, cognitive and social function, as well as auditory P300 (including P3b and P3a) and mismatch negativity (MMN) ERP were assessed in 46 participants with PLEs and 40 participants without PLEs. RESULTS: Compared to the control group, PLEs participants scored significantly higher on subclinical depressive, anxiety and manic symptoms, and lower on social cognition (Cohen's d = 0.85, 0.63, 0.51 and 0.68, respectively), but no significant differences in neurocognitive and social function. Among all included ERP indices, generalized estimating equations only suggested group effect at P3a, with shorter latency in the PLEs group compared to the control group (Cohen's d = 0.63). Further hierarchical logistic regression models also revealed that shortened P3a latency was the solely significant ERP index of PLEs state (OR = 0.989, p = .020). Finally, general linear models suggested significant associations between P300 and MMN indices with anxiety, mania, social cognition, and neurocognition in the PLEs group. CONCLUSIONS: PLEs seem to be an undifferentiated state on the continuum of psychosis, characterized by a mix of subthreshold positive and affective symptoms, intact social function and neurocognition, slightly impaired social cognition, and shortened latency of auditory P3a. KEY WORDS: psychotic-like experiences, subclinical affective symptoms, cognitive function, social function, ERP.
Symptom profiles at baseline are associated with remission in major depression: a confirmatory analysis of the PANDORA trial.
Luca M, Serretti A, Barlati S … +15 more , Luca A, Buson L, Menesello V, Magistrali A, Silva RC, Perusi G, Nibbio G, Bignotti S, PANDORA study group, Tura GB, Vita A, Drago F, Ferri R, Gennarelli M, Minelli A
J Psychiatr Res · 2026 May · PMID 42250361 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: To test whether baseline depressive symptom profiles are associated with remission in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and to replicate previous findings from GSRD and STAR∗D in the PANDORA trial. METHODS: We p...
OBJECTIVE: To test whether baseline depressive symptom profiles are associated with remission in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and to replicate previous findings from GSRD and STAR∗D in the PANDORA trial. METHODS: We performed a secondary analysis of 215 adults with MDD enrolled in PANDORA and starting a new antidepressant. Baseline severity was assessed with the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D). Remission at week 12 was defined as HAM-D ≤ 7. Logistic regression models examined associations between baseline HAM-D total and item scores and remission overall and by sex, adjusting for age and sex and other covariates; sensitivity analyses further adjusted for treatment allocation (treatment as usual vs genetically guided therapy). RESULTS: Remission was achieved by 53% of patients (n = 114). Higher baseline HAM-D total score and higher scores on depressed mood, suicide, psychomotor retardation and hypochondriasis were associated with lower odds of remission in the total sample. In women, higher baseline severity, suicide and psychomotor retardation were associated with non-remission, whereas in men hypochondriasis was the only significant prognostic marker. These associations remained significant after adjustment for the treatment arm. CONCLUSIONS: Baseline depressive severity and selected symptom dimensions, particularly suicidal ideation and worry-related symptoms, relate to remission in MDD and may inform sex-sensitive, symptom-guided treatment strategies.
Neural correlates of mental illness related stigma: a systematic review of neuroimaging evidence.
Cabaços C, Quaresma M, Pereira AT … +4 more , Madeira N, Duarte IC, Macedo A, Castelo-Branco M
J Psychiatr Res · 2026 Jun · PMID 42250360 · Publisher ↗
Stigma toward mental illness remains a major barrier to social inclusion, help-seeking, and recovery. While previous studies have examined implicit and explicit stigma, underlying neurocognitive mechanisms remain poorly...
Stigma toward mental illness remains a major barrier to social inclusion, help-seeking, and recovery. While previous studies have examined implicit and explicit stigma, underlying neurocognitive mechanisms remain poorly understood. This systematic review summarizes functional neuroimaging evidence on the neural correlates of mental illness stigma. Six studies were included (n = 251 participants), addressing self- and public stigma, as well as anti-stigma interventions. Key findings indicate that, regarding self-stigma, greater stigma resistance is associated with rostral-ventral medial prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation, suggesting that emotion regulation supports resilience to internalized stigma. In public stigma, reduced ventromedial PFC activation is linked to lower empathic concern, diminished self-referential processing, and outgroup categorization, whereas increased dorsomedial PFC activation supports impression formation, individuation, and higher willingness to recommend mental health treatment. Anterior insula and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) engagement reflects heightened cognitive effort, conflict monitoring, and regulation of implicit biases. Overall, public stigma toward mental illness seems supported by a distributed neural architecture, including valuation-based social cognition (ventromedial PFC), impression formation and individuation (dorsomedial PFC), regulatory control (ventrolateral PFC), salience and conflict monitoring (anterior insula and dorsal ACC), and rapid affective processing (amygdala), flexibly recruited depending on task demands, target characteristics, and individual motivations. Intervention studies using immersive virtual reality and filmed social contact showed modulation of these circuits, leading to decreased public stigma and improvements in knowledge and behavioural intentions. These findings provide a neurobehavioural framework for understanding mental illness stigma, highlighting potential neural targets for evidence-based interventions to reduce stigma towards people with mental illness.
Network analysis of negative posttraumatic cognitions and disordered eating in trauma-exposed United States military veterans.
Serier KN, Zelkowitz RL, Nasser JI … +4 more , Smith BN, Kehle-Forbes S, Vogt D, Mitchell KS
J Psychiatr Res · 2026 May · PMID 42250359 · Publisher ↗
Negative posttraumatic cognitions, or negative trauma-related thoughts and appraisals, contribute to the onset and chronicity of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other comorbid conditions, like eating disorders (...
Negative posttraumatic cognitions, or negative trauma-related thoughts and appraisals, contribute to the onset and chronicity of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other comorbid conditions, like eating disorders (EDs). PTSD and EDs are highly comorbid, and negative posttraumatic cognitions are one hypothesized pathway contributing to the onset and maintenance of PTSD-ED comorbidity. Yet, there is a lack of information about the ways in which specific types of negative posttraumatic cognitions relate to ED symptoms. To address this gap in the literature, the present study used network analysis to understand the connections between negative posttraumatic cognitions and ED symptoms in two separate studies of United States (U.S.) veteran men and women (post-9/11 and any service era) with a history of trauma exposure. Veterans in both studies completed self-report measures of trauma exposure, negative posttraumatic cognitions, and ED symptoms. Network analytic models stratified by sample and biological sex revealed (1) a clustering of like nodes together and (2) sex differences in network strength (but not structure) in the post-9/11 sample and network equivalence across sex in the any service era sample. Among the ED symptoms, the shape/weight concerns node was most strongly connected to negative posttraumatic cognitions. The negative posttraumatic cognitions about self node was most strongly connected to ED symptoms. Overall, network model findings suggest that cognitive factors are important for understanding PTSD-ED comorbidity among male and female U.S. military veterans. Shape/weight concerns and negative cognitions about self might be useful clinical targets in PTSD-ED integrated treatment approaches.
Do suicide attempts increase in severity or frequency across repeat attempts?
Wafy G, Colman I, Samaan Z … +3 more , Magnotta VA, Coryell WH, Fiedorowicz JG
J Psychiatr Res · 2026 Jun · PMID 42250358 · Full text
BACKGROUND: There is limited longitudinal study of changes in severity (defined by intent and lethality scores) across multiple suicide attempts in patients with mood disorders. This analysis investigated whether medical...
BACKGROUND: There is limited longitudinal study of changes in severity (defined by intent and lethality scores) across multiple suicide attempts in patients with mood disorders. This analysis investigated whether medical lethality or intent increased or time interval decreased across repeated suicide attempts as would be predicted by a sensitization framework. METHODS: We conducted a secondary data analysis of adult participants with multiple suicide attempts from a well-characterized prospective cohort study, the National Institute of Mental Health Collaborative Depression Study (CDS). Each suicide attempt was rated for its intent and lethality using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (SADS). Ordinal generalized estimating equations were used to assess changes in intent and lethality across repeat attempts. RESULTS: Over a mean of 19 years follow-up, 146 participants had repeat suicide attempts; in total, there were 654 observed attempts and 7 deaths over follow-up. No evidence of consistent decreasing time intervals between suicide attempts was found. Intent scores showed a potential decrease (OR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.93-1.00, p = 0.03) while lethality scores (OR = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.96-1.06, p = 0.69) did not show evidence of increasing across attempts. LIMITATIONS: This high-acuity clinical sample with mood disorders recruited from academic medical centers may not generalize to other populations. CONCLUSION: This study found no evidence of increasing intent, lethality or frequency in repeat suicide attempts. This suggests that individuals with mood disorders are not destined for a progressively worsening course when it comes to suicidal behaviour.
Associations between brain and blood metabolites with gastrointestinal discomfort in schizophrenia and healthy controls.
Turek A, Śmierciak N, Szwajca M … +9 more , Karcz P, Krzyściak W, Batko B, Donicz P, Furman K, Bryll A, Bystrowska B, Popiela T, Pilecki M
J Psychiatr Res · 2026 Jun · PMID 42250357 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Previous studies have reported inconsistent findings regarding the severity of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms in schizophrenia. While abnormalities in neurometabolic pathways have been implicated in both sc...
INTRODUCTION: Previous studies have reported inconsistent findings regarding the severity of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms in schizophrenia. While abnormalities in neurometabolic pathways have been implicated in both schizophrenia and GI disorders, little is known about the biological underpinnings of GI discomfort in schizophrenia. This study aimed to investigate the relationships between brain metabolite concentrations, blood biomarkers, and self-reported GI symptom severity in patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls. METHODS: Thirty-six patients with schizophrenia in remission (SCZ) and 35 age-matched healthy participants (CON) underwent proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the anterior (ACC) and posterior (PCC) cingulate cortex. Blood samples were analysed for laboratory parameters including liquid-chromatography-mass spectrometry. The Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) was used to assess gastrointestinal symptom discomfort. SCZ were evaluated with Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). RESULTS: No significant differences were observed between the SCZ and CON groups in the total GSRS score or any of the subscales. In SCZ, positive correlations between N-acetylaspartate in the ACC and GSRS scores were observed, with the most significant result for abdominal discomfort (FDR-r = 0.59; p < 0.01). In SCZ, valeric acid concentration positively correlated with abdominal discomfort (r = 0.38; p < 0.05), and with N-acetylaspartate in the ACC, and glutamine in the ACC and PCC. In CON, platelet distribution width correlated with reflux discomfort (FDR-r = 0.64; p < 0.05), and butyrate concentration negatively correlated with diarrhea symptoms (r = -0.46; p < 0.01). No significant associations between PANSS and GSRS scores were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Although overall GI symptom severity did not differ between groups, schizophrenia patients demonstrated distinct associations between GI discomfort, brain neurometabolites, and peripheral biomarkers.
Priorities for psychedelic research among people who use psychedelics.
Kruger DJ, Czerew A, Farquhar L … +9 more , Redfield J, Swaroop V, Andrews T, Colvard B, Faqqouseh M, Barron J, Herberholz M, Glynos NG, Boehnke KF
J Psychiatr Res · 2026 Jun · PMID 42248136 · Publisher ↗
Most academic psychedelic research is clinically oriented, with industry research primarily focusing on the medicalization of these substances. Given the rapid policy changes and the surge in interest among researchers a...
Most academic psychedelic research is clinically oriented, with industry research primarily focusing on the medicalization of these substances. Given the rapid policy changes and the surge in interest among researchers and the public, it is imperative to assess and document the research priorities of the broader psychedelic community. This study aimed to identify these priorities through an anonymous online survey conducted in 2022 among U.S. adults who self-reported past psychedelic use. A trained team coded the responses of 1192 participants to an open-ended question regarding their views on the priorities for psychedelic research. Emerging themes and sub-themes were compared to research topics discussed during a National Institutes of Health (NIH) Workshop on future psychedelic research directions held in the same year. Participants identified seven major domains for future research: 1) therapeutic efficacy for treating health and medical conditions; 2) best practices for non-clinical psychedelic use; 3) general safety and adverse experiences; 4) promoting a broad understanding of psychedelics, including indigenous traditions and community impacts; 5) desirable outcomes for non-medical psychedelic use, such as increases in creativity and spiritual awakening; 6) best practices for psychedelic-assisted therapy; and 7) best practices for psychedelic research. Although there was some overlap between the research priorities of psychedelic users and those of influential institutional researchers, notable differences were observed. Institutional researchers emphasized molecular, neurological, and clinical research, whereas psychedelic users prioritized best practices for non-clinical use and broader societal and cultural issues.
Cross-sectional and prospective analysis of the association of the pupillary light reflex with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts.
McCall WV, Dzurny TN, McCloud LL … +3 more , Miller BJ, Surya S, Rosenquist PB
J Psychiatr Res · 2026 Sep · PMID 42218855 · Publisher ↗
Predictive models of near-term suicidal behavior are not powerful and have low positive predictive value. A prior small pilot study showed a relationship between suicidal ideation (SI) or suicide attempts (SA) with rapid...
Predictive models of near-term suicidal behavior are not powerful and have low positive predictive value. A prior small pilot study showed a relationship between suicidal ideation (SI) or suicide attempts (SA) with rapid averaged maximum constriction velocities (aMCV) obtained during assays of the pupillary light reflex. The present report aims to replicate these findings in a larger cross-sectional study of patients with anxious and depressive symptoms and then examine the optimal value of MCV in prospective identification of near-term events which represent high risk for SA. The cross-sectional analysis revealed that aMCV was not associated with SI, but a rapid aMCV was associated with multiple SA. Adding severity of anxiety symptoms along with aMCV further improved the cross-sectional model of multiple SA. We utilized an optimized value of aMCV (≥4.4 mm/s) obtained from the cross-sectional study and examined its association with prospective near-term events of high suicide risk and found this value of aMCV produced a sensitivity of 80% and positive predictive value (PPV) of 26.6% but an aMCV value of 6 mm/s yielded a sensitivity of 60% and PPV of 50%. This PPV may be clinically useful in high stakes such as near-term suicidal crisis events. Further study of this topic is justified with larger samples, with the goal of developing a point of care biomarker to supplement traditional demographic and clinical factors associated with near-term crisis suicidal events.
Corrigendum to "Understanding depression and anxiety symptom interrelations in Indonesian OCD patients: A network approach" [J. Psychiatr. Res. 184 (2025) 359-366].
Fajriana ZA, Novrianto R, Dewantary NI … +3 more , Tobing PD, Storch EA, Jaya ES
J Psychiatr Res · 2026 Sep · PMID 42208133 · Publisher ↗
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Bilateral choroid plexus hypertrophy without CSF volume changes predicts sleep disruption in young alcohol users.
Francis AN, Salloum IM
J Psychiatr Res · 2026 Sep · PMID 42202661 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The choroid plexus (ChP) maintains blood-CSF barrier integrity, regulates cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) production, modulates neuro-immune signaling, and supports brain homeostasis. ChP structural...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The choroid plexus (ChP) maintains blood-CSF barrier integrity, regulates cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) production, modulates neuro-immune signaling, and supports brain homeostasis. ChP structural abnormalities have been reported in aging, neurodegenerative disease, and several psychiatric disorders, and animal and neonatal studies suggest that alcohol can alter ChP structure and function. Whether habitual alcohol use is associated with ChP morphometry in adults, and whether any such alteration relates to sleep, is not known. We examined ChP volume, CSF volume, alcohol consumption, and sleep quality in young adults who were moderate-to-heavy drinkers (HD) or light-to-non-drinkers (LD). METHODS: Structural MRI and behavioral data from the Human Connectome Project (HCP) were analyzed in 796 participants (399 HD, 165 female; 397 LD, 248 female) aged 22-37 years (mean 30.3 ± 3.3). Alcohol use was characterized using the Achenbach Adult Self-Report (ASR) and the Semi-Structured Assessment for the Genetics of Alcoholism, version II (SSAGA-II). Bilateral ChP and total CSF volumes were extracted with FreeSurfer and adjusted for intracranial volume (ICV). Subjective sleep was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Group differences in ChP and CSF volume were tested with ANCOVA (covariates: ICV, age, sex); correlations used Spearman's ρ. RESULTS: HD showed significantly larger bilateral ChP volumes than LD (left ChP: F(1, 791) = 7.3, p = 0.007; right ChP: F(1, 791) = 4.8, p = 0.029). Total CSF volume did not differ between groups. On the PSQI, HD males scored significantly higher (worse) than LD males on sleep latency, with several other components trending in the same direction; HD females showed significantly lower scores (better) than LD females on habitual sleep efficiency and sleep duration. Within the HD group, bilateral ChP volumes correlated with sleep-latency and sleep-disturbance components and, in males, with the PSQI total score. Malt-liquor consumption in HD females correlated with bilateral ChP volumes. CONCLUSION: Moderate-to-heavy alcohol use in young adulthood is associated with bilateral ChP hypertrophy in the absence of a global CSF volume difference, together with sex-specific patterns of subjective sleep disturbance. The dissociation between ChP volume and overall CSF volume argues against a passive atrophy explanation and is consistent with a localized, potentially neuro-immune remodeling of the ChP. These findings identify the ChP as a candidate early structural marker of alcohol-related brain change in non-dependent young adults.
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