Bailly AR, Hester GM, Alesi MG
… +5 more, Buresh RJ, Feito Y, Mermier CM, Ducharme JB, VanDusseldorp TA
J Bone Miner Metab
· 2025 May · PMID 40053115
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INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to investigate the effects of quercetin (a plant-based flavonoid) supplementation over 90 days on prominent bone turnover markers (BTMs), inflammatory markers, bone mineral density (BMD), b...INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to investigate the effects of quercetin (a plant-based flavonoid) supplementation over 90 days on prominent bone turnover markers (BTMs), inflammatory markers, bone mineral density (BMD), body composition, and physical function in postmenopausal women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-three healthy postmenopausal women were recruited to participate in a double-blind, placebo-controlled investigation. Participants were randomized into one of two supplement groups: (1) 500 mg of quercetin (QUE) once daily or (2) 500 mg of methylcellulose (placebo; PLB) once daily. Pre- and post-testing visits included assessments of BTMs (i.e., osteocalcin [OC], procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide [PINP], and type I collagen cross-linked C-terminal telopeptide [CTX]), inflammatory markers (i.e., interleukin [IL]-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-α], and C-reactive protein [CRP]), BMD measurements, body composition measurements, and physical function including timed up and go and handgrip strength. RESULTS: The QUE group increased OC (p = 0.016; d = 0.89), PINP (p = 0.030; d = 0.64), and CTX (p = 0.023; d = 0.91) levels and decreased IL-6 (p = 0.045; d = 0.73) and TNF-α (p = 0.021; d = 0.90) levels compared to PLB. CRP (p = 0.448; d = 0.34), body composition (p > 0.05), and physical function (p > 0.05) remained unchanged. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that QUE may better assist in controlling a normal bone turnover cycle by mediating bone formation and decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokines. However, although within the accepted range, there was an increase in the bone resorption marker and therefore, it is unclear if QUE will protect against future bone loss. Nonetheless, additional research is necessary to evaluate the bone-conserving properties of QUE among postmenopausal women. CLINICAL TRAIL REGISTRATION: The ClinicalTrials.gov ID number: NCT05371340.
Lu B, Han Q, Zhao S
… +3 more, Ding S, Bao G, Liu Y
J Bone Miner Metab
· 2025 Jul · PMID 40044973
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INTRODUCTION: To explore the associations between hormones, metabolic markers, and low bone mass in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 198 women were enrolled in this study. The co...INTRODUCTION: To explore the associations between hormones, metabolic markers, and low bone mass in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 198 women were enrolled in this study. The correlations between hormones, metabolic markers, and BMD were analyzed. Risk factors for bone loss were identified. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to display the predictive power of these risk factors. RESULTS: The years since menopause and the levels of glucose (GLU), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) were inversely correlated with BMD, while estrogen and testosterone were positively correlated with BMD. Age (odds ratio [OR] 1.232; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.106-1.372; p < 0.001), GLU (OR 1.848; 95% CI 1.116-3.059; p = 0.017), and FSH (OR 1.089; 95% CI 1.003-1.182; p = 0.042) were identified as risk factors for bone loss. Age (AUC = 0.884, 95% CI 0.833-0.935), FSH (AUC = 0.824, 95% CI 0.760-0.888), and GLU (AUC = 0.683, 95% CI 0.599-0.768) demonstrated significant discrimination capability for bone loss. The combined application of these factors resulted in a better prediction effect (AUC = 0.930, 95% CI 0.893-0.967). CONCLUSIONS: Age, FSH, and GLU were found to be specific risk factors for bone loss. The utilization of these factors offers compelling predictive power for bone loss in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women.
J Bone Miner Metab
· 2025 Jan · PMID 40024934
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The introduction of the bone-forming agent romosozumab has led to a dramatic improvement in osteoporosis treatment. While bisphosphonates remain the most commonly used drugs for the treatment of osteoporosis, it is recom...The introduction of the bone-forming agent romosozumab has led to a dramatic improvement in osteoporosis treatment. While bisphosphonates remain the most commonly used drugs for the treatment of osteoporosis, it is recommended that patients at high risk of fractures initially receive bone-forming agents, followed by sequential treatment with bone resorption inhibitors. Romosozumab, an anti-sclerostin antibody, is an osteoporosis medication with both bone formation-stimulating and bone resorption-inhibiting properties, demonstrating significant efficacy in increasing bone mineral density and reducing fracture risk. However, due to the limited 12-month initial treatment period, sequential therapy with other osteoporosis medications is necessary following the completion of romosozumab administration. Due to the current lack of sufficient evidence regarding the use of romosozumab in sequential and combination therapies, this review aims to evaluate the efficacy of romosozumab as a sequential treatment, its effectiveness in combination with other agents, and its role in reducing new fragility fractures and increasing bone mineral density following sequential therapy after romosozumab. This review will summarize clinical trials and real-world data, providing valuable information to guide treatment decisions.
Soen S, Uemura Y, Tanaka S
… +7 more, Takeuchi Y, Endo N, Takada J, Ikeda S, Iwamoto J, Okimoto N, Tanaka S
J Bone Miner Metab
· 2025 May · PMID 39966121
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INTRODUCTION: Patient satisfaction with two teriparatide (TPTD) self-injection regimens [once-daily (1/D)-TPTD and twice-weekly (2/W)-TPTD] was compared in a randomized crossover study involving patients with osteoporosi...INTRODUCTION: Patient satisfaction with two teriparatide (TPTD) self-injection regimens [once-daily (1/D)-TPTD and twice-weekly (2/W)-TPTD] was compared in a randomized crossover study involving patients with osteoporosis at high fracture risk. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Questionnaires evaluated overall satisfaction, satisfaction with treatment effectiveness, satisfaction with utility of the self-injection device, and preference for a particular injection regimen after crossover. Quality of life (QOL), visual analogue scale pain scores, and bone mineral density (BMD) were also analyzed. Safety was evaluated based on the incidence and severity of adverse events (AEs). RESULTS: The 1/D-TPTD and 2/W-TPTD groups comprised 180 (mean age: 75.9 ± 7.3 years) and 178 (75.4 ± 6.9 years) patients, respectively. After 26 weeks of treatment, the injection regimens were switched and treatment continued for another 26 weeks. Significantly higher persistence was observed in the 1/D-TPTD to 2/W-TPTD group (p = 0.032). No significant between-group differences in overall satisfaction scores or satisfaction with treatment were observed. Satisfaction with the utility of the injection device was significantly higher with the 2/W-TPTD regimen (p < 0.05); this regimen was preferred by 69.4% of patients after crossover (p < 0.001). A significant increase in BMD from baseline was observed at the lumbar vertebrae in both groups and at the hip area in the 1/D-TPTD to 2/W-TPTD group at 52 weeks (p < 0.05). Significant improvement in the QOL score was observed in both groups (p < 0.05). No serious AEs were reported. CONCLUSION: Continuation of this study will further clarify patient satisfaction, treatment effects, and tolerability.
Luo S, Liu Z, Gu X
… +7 more, Li W, Jiao R, Sun J, Ma S, Zhu H, Chen Z, Song J
J Bone Miner Metab
· 2025 May · PMID 39966120
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INTRODUCTION: This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the associations between serum homocysteine levels and missing teeth, as well as to explore the threshold effect of serum homocysteine levels on the number of...INTRODUCTION: This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the associations between serum homocysteine levels and missing teeth, as well as to explore the threshold effect of serum homocysteine levels on the number of missing teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study involved 4746 participants (aged ≥ 40 years) from NHANES data 2003-2006. Negative binomial regression was used to assess the association between serum homocysteine levels and tooth loss. Non-linear and dose-response relationships were analyzed using smooth curve fitting and threshold effect analysis. In addition, we supplemented the relationship between serum homocysteine levels and tooth loss and conducted subgroup analysis to determine the impact of covariates on the relationship between serum homocysteine levels and tooth loss. RESULTS: In a fully adjusted negative binomial regression model, higher levels of serum Hcy concentration in the Q2-Q4(Q2: IRR = 1.46, 95%CI (1.67,1.79)); Q3: IRR = 1.42, 95%CI (1.36,1.48); Q4: IRR = 1.47,95%CI (1.01,1.78)) groups increased the likelihood of tooth loss compared with quartile Q1 (low level of serum homocysteine). Threshold effect analysis revealed that the log2-transformed Hcy infection point was at 2.95 μmol/L. CONCLUSION: The likelihood of tooth loss increased by 47% for each unit increase in serum homocysteine level. There was a non-linear positive correlation between serum homocysteine and tooth loss, with a threshold effect of approximately log2(Hcy) = 2.95 μmol/L. This link emphasizes the importance of maintaining appropriate homocysteine levels to prevent oral health problems.
J Bone Miner Metab
· 2025 Mar · PMID 39964554
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Osteoanabolic drugs are sometimes prescribed off-label for "fracture healing and spinal fusion." This study examines the scientific validity of such practices by analyzing existing clinical reports. The purported bone un...Osteoanabolic drugs are sometimes prescribed off-label for "fracture healing and spinal fusion." This study examines the scientific validity of such practices by analyzing existing clinical reports. The purported bone union-promoting effect of teriparatide in fracture cases has been refuted in clinical trials. While teriparatide shows efficacy in accelerating spinal fusion after surgery for patients with osteoporosis, there is no scientific justification for its off-label use in patients without osteoporosis. For osteoporosis patients, no clear evidence suggests that teriparatide is superior to antiresorptive drugs, making the rationale for switching from antiresorptive drugs to teriparatide weak. The efficacy in postoperative spinal fusion may primarily be attributed to systemic improvements in bone quality and quantity, enhancing the mechanical engagement of implants. The clinical evidence for the off-label use of romosozumab, another osteoanabolic drug, in fracture healing and spinal fusion is insufficient to support its efficacy. In conclusion, osteoanabolic drugs, like antiresorptive drugs, primarily have systemic functions in osteoporosis patients, with limited evidence supporting their role in promoting localized bone formation in fractures or spinal fusions.
J Bone Miner Metab
· 2025 May · PMID 39920436
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INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to validate the effectiveness of the osteoporosis self-assessment tool for Asians (OSTA) in the screening and diagnosis of osteoporosis in men aged over 50 years and postmenopausal...INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to validate the effectiveness of the osteoporosis self-assessment tool for Asians (OSTA) in the screening and diagnosis of osteoporosis in men aged over 50 years and postmenopausal women in the northern Vietnam population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study included 8077 participants (7044 postmenopausal women and 1033 men aged over 50) who attended health examinations at the National Institute of Nutrition, Vietnam, from 2010-2019. Osteoporosis is defined by a T-score ≤ -2.5 at the femoral neck, total hip, or L1-L4. OSTA scores were assessed for identifying osteoporosis via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The optimal cut-off points, sensitivity, specificity, and areas under the ROC curves (AUCs) were determined. RESULTS: The study showed that the prevalence of osteoporosis was 13.4% in men and 25.5% in women. In women, a higher BMI and OSTA scores decreased the OR of osteoporosis (all p-values < 0.001). In men, a higher BMI decreased the OR of osteoporosis (p-value < 0.001). The results showed that the OSTA value was -1 which had a sensitivity of over 70% in both men and women. The OSTA value was -4 which had a sensitivity of over 90% and specificity of over 80% in both men and women. The optimal OSTA value was -3 which had a sensitivity of over 90% and a specificity of over 80% in both men and women. CONCLUSIONS: The OSTA might be a simple tool for the screening and diagnosis of osteoporosis in Vietnamese postmenopausal women and men aged over 50 years.
Sakamoto Y, Kamegaya M, Saisu T
… +4 more, Tomaru Y, Tokita A, Kim SG, Ishijima M
J Bone Miner Metab
· 2025 May · PMID 39918569
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INTRODUCTION: The natural alignment of the lower extremities shifts rapidly from genu varum to neutral during early childhood. However, persistent or worsening genu varum, termed physiological genu varum, may be associat...INTRODUCTION: The natural alignment of the lower extremities shifts rapidly from genu varum to neutral during early childhood. However, persistent or worsening genu varum, termed physiological genu varum, may be associated with vitamin D (VitD) deficiency. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of low-dose VitD supplementation on genu varum improvement in toddlers, given the prevalence of VitD deficiency and lack of supplementation practices in Japan. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study included 90 toddlers aged 10-30 months with genu varum (tibiofemoral angle > 5°). The supplement group (n = 30) received 400 IU/day of VitD and moderate sun exposure, while the non-supplement group (n = 60) received only follow-up care. Radiographic parameters, including tibiofemoral angle (TFA), metaphyseal-diaphyseal angle (MDA), and metaphyseal-metaphyseal angle (MMA), were measured at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. Seasonal variations in ultraviolet (UV) exposure were also considered. Statistical analyses used the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. RESULTS: Both groups showed significant radiographic improvements over 12 months. However, the supplement group demonstrated greater reductions in TFA (p = 0.04), MDA (p < 0.01), and MMA (p < 0.01) at both 6 and 12 months. Seasonal UV variations influenced outcomes, with moderate-high UV seasons showing more pronounced improvements. Despite a low dose of VitD, the supplement group experienced significantly enhanced alignment compared to the non-supplement group. CONCLUSION: Low-dose VitD supplementation may accelerate the natural improvement of genu varum, particularly in populations with prevalent VitD deficiency. Genu varum may serve as a visible indicator of VitD deficiency. A prospective randomized-controlled trial is warranted to validate these findings.
Chida S, Chiba T, Uchida Y
… +9 more, Matsushima T, Kurimoto R, Miyazaki T, Yagasaki L, Nakamura S, Mihara E, Takagi J, Moriyama K, Asahara H
J Bone Miner Metab
· 2025 May · PMID 39893595
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INTRODUCTION: The periodontal ligament (PDL) is a structure between the alveolar bone and cementum, essential for tooth stability and composed of diverse cell types. Mohawk homeobox (Mkx) is a master transcription factor...INTRODUCTION: The periodontal ligament (PDL) is a structure between the alveolar bone and cementum, essential for tooth stability and composed of diverse cell types. Mohawk homeobox (Mkx) is a master transcription factor that regulates tendon and ligament homeostasis. However, the specific cell populations expressing Mkx and its role in mechanotransduction during orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) remain unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted single-cell RNA sequencing on wild-type rat PDL at 0 day, 1 week, and 2 weeks of post-OTM using coil springs to elucidate Mkx's function and the changes in cell populations under continuous mechanical stimulation. In addition, RT-qPCR was performed to assess the relationship between tenogenic gene expression and Mkx expression in human PDL cells. RESULTS: The rat PDL was identified to consist of 14 clusters, with Mkx and Scleraxis (Scx) expressed in distinct cell populations. Collagen and ECM production increased throughout the OTM period, while the sterile inflammatory response was initially heightened and later diminished, indicating that bone remodeling occurs later in the inflammatory response. Overexpression of MKX in human PDL cells enhanced COL1A1 and DECORIN expression. CONCLUSION: Mechanical stimulation of the PDL appears to trigger an aseptic inflammatory response that disrupts PDL homeostasis and promotes bone remodeling. Mkx may exert a protective effect on the PDL during mechanical stimulation.
Yoldaş Çelik M, Canda E, Yazıcı H
… +7 more, Erdem F, Yüksel Yanbolu A, Aykut A, Durmaz A, Kalkan Uçar S, Yıldırım Sözmen E, Çoker M
J Bone Miner Metab
· 2025 Mar · PMID 39827430
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INTRODUCTION: Gaucher disease (GD) is a lysosomal storage disorder causing systemic and skeletal complications. This study evaluates bone health in adult GD type 1 patients, focusing on skeletal complications, bone miner...INTRODUCTION: Gaucher disease (GD) is a lysosomal storage disorder causing systemic and skeletal complications. This study evaluates bone health in adult GD type 1 patients, focusing on skeletal complications, bone mineral density (BMD), and biochemical markers. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cohort of adult GD type 1 patients followed up at Ege University Pediatric Metabolism Department were retrospectively examined. RESULTS: This study included 32 patients with GD type 1, comprising 11 males (34.4%) and 21 females (65.6%). The median age at diagnosis was 20.5 years (min: 3-max:65), and at enrolment, it was 35 years (min:18-max:71). Most patients (93.8%) had organomegaly, and 93.8% had cytopenia. Common genetic variants were p.Asn409Ser (60.9%), p.Leu483Pro (7.8%), and p.Asp448His(4.7%). All patients were on enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) for a median of 11 years (min:2-max:18). Bone complications included pathologic fractures in six patients (19%) and avascular necrosis in 12 patients (37.5%). Bone pain was reported by 93.7% of patients at admission and persisted in 59.4% during follow-up. DXA scans showed abnormal bone mineral density (BMD) in 62.5% of patients initially, with a significantly low bone density in 3.1% and reduced bone density in 59.3%. BMD improved with treatment, as evidenced by a significant increase in Z scores (p < 0.05). Elevated chitotriosidase (75%), ferritin (50%), and immunoglobulin G (21.9%) levels were noted but did not correlate with BMD. Seven patients (22%) were splenectomized, all with bone issues. DISCUSSION: Bone health in GD involves multiple factors beyond biochemical markers. While ERT improves BMD, bone pain and fractures remain significant issues. Comprehensive management, including regular BMD monitoring and better vitamin D supplementation adherence, is crucial. Further research is needed to improve treatments for bone complications in GD.
Rufus-Membere P, Anderson KB, Holloway-Kew KL
… +3 more, Kotowicz MA, Diez-Perez A, Pasco JA
J Bone Miner Metab
· 2025 May · PMID 39825889
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INTRODUCTION: Impact microindentation (IMI) measures bone material strength index (BMSi) in vivo. However, its ability to predict fractures is still uncertain. This study aimed to determine the association between BMSi a...INTRODUCTION: Impact microindentation (IMI) measures bone material strength index (BMSi) in vivo. However, its ability to predict fractures is still uncertain. This study aimed to determine the association between BMSi and 10 year fracture probability, as calculated by the FRAX algorithm. MATERIALS AND METHODS: BMSi was measured using the OsteoProbe in 388 men (ages 40-90 yr) from the Geelong Osteoporosis Study. The probabilities for a major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) and hip fracture (HF) were calculated using the Australian FRAX tool. Hip (HF) and major osteoporotic (MOF) fracture probabilities were computed with and without the inclusion of femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD). For each participant, four 10 year probability scores were therefore generated: (i) HF-FRAXnoBMD; (ii) HF-FRAXBMD; (iii) MOF-FRAXnoBMD; (iv) MOF-FRAXBMD. RESULTS: BMSi was negatively correlated with age (r = - 0.114, p = 0.025), no associations were detected between BMSi and femoral neck BMD (r = + 0.035, p = 0.507). BMSi was negatively correlated with HF-FRAXnoBMD (r = - 0.135, p = 0.008) and MOF-FRAXnoBMD (r = - 0.153, p = 0.003). These trends held true for HF-FRAXBMD (r = - 0.087, p = 0.094) and MOF-FRAXBMD (r = - 0.111, p = 0.034), but only the latter reached significance. CONCLUSION: BMSi captures the cumulative effect of clinical risk factors in the FRAX algorithm, suggesting that it could provide additional information that may be useful in predicting risk of fractures. Further studies are warranted to establish its efficacy in predicting fracture risk.
J Bone Miner Metab
· 2025 Jan · PMID 39825110
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PURPOSE: Several osteoanabolic agents have been developed to build new bone more efficiently than anti-resorptive drugs. Among them, romosozumab, an anti-sclerostin antibody, is a potent pharmacological tool to prevent f...PURPOSE: Several osteoanabolic agents have been developed to build new bone more efficiently than anti-resorptive drugs. Among them, romosozumab, an anti-sclerostin antibody, is a potent pharmacological tool to prevent fractures in osteoporosis patients. The efficacy of romosozumab in preventing osteoporotic fractures is robust. However, there remains a concern about increased cardiovascular (CV) adverse events related to romosozumab. Available data have been reviewed to address this concern. METHODS: Published articles on romosozumab of which pivotal randomized controlled trials (RCTs), meta-analyses of RCTs, pharmacovigilance investigations, and retrospective observational clinical studies using real-world data were collected through PubMed and other available tools. RESULTS: Meta-analyses of RCTs of romosozumab compared to placebo and other anti-osteoporosis drugs have left room for controversy in the CV safety of romosozumab. Investigations of the real-world data also provide no conclusive evidence in this issue. CONCLUSION: We need more robust evidence to establish an appropriate and reasonable guide to prescribe romosozumab in our clinical practice.
An M, Wu C, Feng S
… +5 more, Zhu L, Yang W, Ran L, Yang L, Zhao L
J Bone Miner Metab
· 2025 Mar · PMID 39814987
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INTRODUCTION: To investigate the relationship between serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and bone mineral density (BMD) in vitamin D-deficient population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was a cross-secti...INTRODUCTION: To investigate the relationship between serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and bone mineral density (BMD) in vitamin D-deficient population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was a cross-sectional study. From January to December 2020, 2583 middle-aged and older adult aged 40 and above were randomly selected in the Health Management Center of the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University for health examination and questionnaire survey. The correlation was determined by Pearson correlation method, and the independent correlation was analyzed by multiple linear regression. The receiver Operating characteristic (ROC) curve estimates HDL-C cutoff levels for predicting osteoporosis risk. RESULTS: The prevalence of osteoporosis in the study population was 11.4%, the overall prevalence of 25 (OH) D deficiency was 78.2%. There was no correlation between HDL-C and BMD of lumbar spine, femoral neck and total hip in normal vitamin D group (P > 0.05). HDL-C in the deficient group was negatively correlated with BMD of lumbar spine and femoral neck (P < 0.05), but not with BMD of total hip. Serum HDL-C concentration increased with the progression of osteoporosis. When serum 25 (OH) D level was lower than normal level, HDL-C ≥ 1.215 mmol/L was an independent predictor of osteoporosis (sensitivity = 75%, specificity = 53%, Area = 0.625). CONCLUSIONS: HDL-C was inversely associated with BMD in the lumbar spine and femoral neck in people aged 40 years and older with vitamin D deficiency. When serum HDL-C concentration ≥ 1.215 mmol/L, it can better predict the occurrence of osteoporosis.
Ogawa N, Yamamoto M, Kobayashi R
… +4 more, Kawamura A, Matsumoto A, Otani H, Kanasaki K
J Bone Miner Metab
· 2025 May · PMID 39806228
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INTRODUCTION: Despite many studies on the prevalence of vertebral fractures (VFs), the VF prevalence at death in the Japanese population remains unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated the VF prevalence at death in...INTRODUCTION: Despite many studies on the prevalence of vertebral fractures (VFs), the VF prevalence at death in the Japanese population remains unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated the VF prevalence at death in a Japanese cohort using autopsy imaging computed tomography (AiCT). We enrolled 365 cadavers (188 men, 177 women, mean age of 84.6 years) donated for anatomical dissection at Shimane University School of Medicine. The VFs were diagnosed using the semiquantitative technique of Genant from the first cervical vertebra to the fifth lumbar vertebra. RESULTS: The overall VF prevalence was 69.6% (58.5%/81.4% in men/women), of which 46.0% (29.8%/63.3% in men/women) had thoracic VFs, and 58.1% (50.5%/66.1% in men/women) had lumbar VFs. The most frequent fracture site was lumbar spine 1 (L1) with 31.5% (22.9%/40.7% in men/women), followed by thoracic spine 12 (T12) with 31.0% (20.7%/41.8% in men/women). In terms of severity, 3.8% (4.8%/2.8% in men/women), 23.8% (27.1%/20.3% in men/women), and 41.9% (26.6%/58.2% in men/women) were Grades 1, 2, and 3. The VFs from T3 to L5 and of Grade 3 severity were significantly higher in women. VF and Grade 3 fractures were associated with a history of surgical intervention for femoral neck fractures. VFs were not associated with the following underlying causes of death: cancer, heart disease, senile death, cerebrovascular disease, pneumonia, and aspiration pneumonia. CONCLUSION: The VF prevalence at death, assessed by AiCT in cadavers donated for anatomical dissection, was higher in both men and women compared with previous studies conducted on individuals aged ≥ 80 years in Japan.
J Bone Miner Metab
· 2025 May · PMID 39792154
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INTRODUCTION: Numerous observational studies have identified a link between osteoporosis and stroke. However, the causal genetic relationship between these conditions remains unclear. This study employs a two-sample bidi...INTRODUCTION: Numerous observational studies have identified a link between osteoporosis and stroke. However, the causal genetic relationship between these conditions remains unclear. This study employs a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to ascertain the causal relationship between osteoporosis and stroke. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study to investigate the potential causal relationship between osteoporosis and stroke, including its subtypes. Genetic data for osteoporosis and stroke, along with their subtypes, were sourced from published genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) demonstrating genome-wide significance (p < 5 × 10^ - 8) and independence (r^2 < 0.001) were selected for further analysis, provided they had an F-statistic ≥ 10. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was employed to evaluate causality, with results reported as odds ratios (ORs). Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q test, while pleiotropy was tested using the MR-Egger intercept test. A leave-one-out sensitivity analysis was performed to ensure the robustness of the results. RESULTS: Employing the IVW method, MR Egger method, and median-weighted method, we found no significant bidirectional causal relationship between osteoporosis and stroke or its subtypes, irrespective of the inclusion of potential pleiotropic SNPs. Sensitivity analyses affirmed the reliability and stability of these findings. CONCLUSION: Our study findings indicate that there is no direct causal relationship between osteoporosis and stroke or its subtypes in either direction. Based on our results, although no direct link was found, secondary effects do exist.