Martinez IG, Biesiekierski JR, Rauch CE
… +1 more, Costa RJS
Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab
· 2025 May · PMID 39914376
·
Publisher ↗
Gut-training has been shown to improve gastrointestinal tolerance, circulatory glucose availability, and exercise performance. The study aimed to investigate the effects of a repetitive feeding-challenge using fat versus...Gut-training has been shown to improve gastrointestinal tolerance, circulatory glucose availability, and exercise performance. The study aimed to investigate the effects of a repetitive feeding-challenge using fat versus carbohydrate (CHO) on markers of gastrointestinal function, glucose availability, and subsequent performance when challenged with a high-CHO load (87 g/hr) during exercise. Forty-four endurance athletes (mean ± SD [9 females and 35 males]: body mass: 71.2 ± 9.2 kg, height: 173.6 ± 7.0 cm, V˙O2max: 55.0 ± 6.1 ml·kg-1·min-1) completed a preintervention gut-challenge trial (T1), involving a 2 hr run (60% V˙O2max) while taking a CHO gel every 20 min (87 g/hr, 10% w/v), followed by a 1 hr self-paced distance test with ad libitum water. Participants were then randomized to a fat (fat feeding-challenge [FFC]; 20 g nut butter, 124 kcal, 11 g fat, 3 g protein, and 3 g CHO) or CHO supplement (CHO feeding-challenge [CFC]; 47 g CHO gel: 123 kcal, 29 g CHO) group to complete a 7-day repetitive feeding-challenge (1 hr exercise and supplement intake every 20 min with 290 ml water), followed by a gut-challenge retrial (T2). FFC did not differ from CFC in terms of resting orocecal transit time, feeding tolerance, or substrate oxidation during T1 and T2. Peak breath hydrogen was lower in FFC than CFC (p = .028) at T2. Total (FFC: 27%, p = .005 vs. CFC: 38%, p = .001) and upper gastrointestinal symptoms severity (FFC: 26%, p = .013 vs. CFC: 40%, p < .001) during exercise was reduced similarly between groups from T1 to T2. FFC covered more distance in T2 (11.51 ± 2.02 vs. 11.08 ± 2.02 km, p = .013), but not significantly different to CFC (p = .341). A repetitive feeding-challenge with fat does not enhance nor worsen gastrointestinal and fueling outcomes compared with a CHO repetitive feeding-challenge.
Barnard J, Roberts S, Lastella M
… +3 more, Callahan DL, Aisbett B, Condo D
Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab
· 2025 May · PMID 39832504
·
Publisher ↗
Evening consumption of a whey protein rich in the amino acid tryptophan, alpha-lactalbumin (ALAC), has previously shown to benefit sleep-particularly among poor sleepers. Given trained populations often experience sleep...Evening consumption of a whey protein rich in the amino acid tryptophan, alpha-lactalbumin (ALAC), has previously shown to benefit sleep-particularly among poor sleepers. Given trained populations often experience sleep difficulty, this study investigated whether evening supplementation of ALAC would influence sleep outcomes, mood, and next-day cognitive performance within a trained population with sleep difficulties. Nineteen trained participants (females, n = 11) with sleep difficulties (Athlete Sleep Screening Questionnaire: 8.1 ± 3.1; Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: 10.5 ± 4.1) completed this double-blinded, counterbalanced, randomized, crossover trial. Forty grams of ALAC or control were supplemented 2 hr presleep for three consecutive nights in a controlled environment, with sleep measured using dry electroencephalography. Blood samples were taken on the first evening of each experimental trial, with mood, sleepiness, and recovery assessed across the evening and morning. A cognitive testing battery was also completed each morning. During the ALAC condition, the primary findings were that participants had raised plasma tryptophan levels (p < .01), increased nonrapid eye movement Stage 2 sleep duration (CON: 205.9 ± 33.3; ALAC: 216.5 ± 33.1 min), reduced rapid eye movement duration (CON: 110.8 ± 27.9; ALAC: 99.7 ± 23.1 min), and improved reaction time in cognitive tests involving sensory motor speed, spatial orientation, and vigilant attention (p < .05). Data suggest evening supplementation of 40 g ALAC alters sleep architecture and improves next-morning reaction time in trained populations with sleep difficulties. Therefore, trained individuals experiencing sleep difficulty may benefit from acute ALAC supplementation to assist next-day performance. Future research should investigate this effect within habitual environments, outside of a tightly controlled setting.
Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab
· 2025 Mar · PMID 39746353
·
Publisher ↗
New Zealand black currant extract (NZBC) has been shown to increase fat oxidation during exercise and decrease the postexercise blood pressure in men and women. The change in fat oxidation by NZBC has also been shown to...New Zealand black currant extract (NZBC) has been shown to increase fat oxidation during exercise and decrease the postexercise blood pressure in men and women. The change in fat oxidation by NZBC has also been shown to be correlated to body composition in men and women. There has never been a comparison of sex responses within the same study. Twenty-two participants (11 men and 11 women, age: 29 ± 8 years, maximal oxygen uptake: 44 ± 9 ml·kg-1·min-1, body fat: 18% ± 6%) had resting blood pressure measured for 2 hr (no exercise). In a double-blind, placebo-controlled (PLA), randomized crossover design, participants completed 1 hr of treadmill exercise at 50% maximal oxygen uptake with expired gas measurement, followed by 2-hr resting blood pressure measurement with 7 days of NZBC or PLA. Average fat oxidation was different between the conditions (NZBC: 0.27 ± 0.11 g/min, PLA: 0.21 ± 0.12 g/min, p < .001), but the response between men and women was not different. When combined, there was no relationship (p > .05) between body fat percentage and change in fat oxidation (r = -.079), with men also demonstrating no relationship (r = -.069), although women did demonstrate a relationship (r = .691, p < .05). In the 2-hr rest, systolic pressure delta change was larger with NZBC than PLA (no exercise vs. NZBC: -5.5 ± 5.4 mmHg vs. no exercise vs. PLA: -2.9 ± 5.1 mmHg, p < .001) but was not different between men and women. A 7-day intake of NZBC extract increases fat oxidation during moderate-intensity exercise and decreases postexercise blood pressure in men and women. The magnitude of change in fat oxidation in women is correlated to body fat percentage.
Pontes WM, Louise V, Menezes TP
… +10 more, Costa GP, Oliveira DM, Pio S, Dias FCR, Ervilha LOG, Castro MLDC, Souza PRS, Costa DC, Pinto KMC, Talvani A
Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab
· 2025 May · PMID 39746352
·
Publisher ↗
Dietary supplements have improved performance and muscle hypertrophy in athletes and nonathletes in the past few decades. Theracurmin, a nutraceutical supplement based on curcumin, has been highlighted by its anti-inflam...Dietary supplements have improved performance and muscle hypertrophy in athletes and nonathletes in the past few decades. Theracurmin, a nutraceutical supplement based on curcumin, has been highlighted by its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties in physiological and pathological conditions. This study aimed to investigate the effects of theracurmin intake (300 mg/kg), containing 30 mg/kg of curcumin, in male Swiss mice (n = 66) under distinct protocols of climbing stairs (strength exercise) and their respective detraining period. Animals, aged 7-9 weeks, were trained for 8 weeks (5 days/week), with a minimum interval of 24 hr between each session, followed by a 4-week detraining period. After euthanasia, skeletal muscle hypertrophy was evaluated through histological analysis. Tissue inflammatory release of tumor necrosis factor, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and chemokine C-C motif ligand 2, as well as the activity of oxidative stress enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, and lipid peroxidation), were also assessed. In trained animals, inflammatory mediators and skeletal muscle mass increased after training (p = .0004). Theracurmin did not revert the muscle hypertrophy, but it decreased tissue chemokine C-C motif ligand 2 (p = .0001) and lipid peroxidation (p < .0001) after strength training and after detraining (p = .0008 and p = .001, respectively). Tissue tumor necrosis factor was only reduced during the detraining period (p = .037), whereas IL-6 (p = .0001) and IL-10 (p < .0001) increased after the training protocol. No differences were observed in catalase and superoxide dismutase. Our data suggest that theracurmin intake contributes to the reduction of tissue inflammatory mediators during strength training and/or detraining without essential activity on skeletal muscle hypertrophy.
Vera J, Martos-Arregui A, Alix-Fages C
… +2 more, Jiménez-Martínez P, García-Ramos A
Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab
· 2025 May · PMID 39732141
·
Publisher ↗
This study aimed to determine the impact of caffeine (200 mg), beta-alanine (3 g), and their combination on intraocular pressure (IOP), ocular perfusion pressure (OPP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) at rest and after...This study aimed to determine the impact of caffeine (200 mg), beta-alanine (3 g), and their combination on intraocular pressure (IOP), ocular perfusion pressure (OPP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) at rest and after resistance training. Twenty young men (age = 23.4 ± 4.5 years) took part in this placebo-controlled, triple-blind, balanced crossover study. Participants visited the lab on four different days, with the only difference of the supplement used (caffeine, beta-alanine, caffeine + beta-alanine, and placebo). IOP and blood pressure were measured at baseline after 30 min from supplement intake, and after completing the resistance training session consisting of four alternating sets of bench press and bench pull exercises using a 20 repetition maximum load without reaching failure. In resting conditions, caffeine and the combination of caffeine + beta-alanine caused an acute IOP rise (p = .009 and .004, respectively), whereas beta-alanine and placebo intake did not affect IOP levels (p = .802 in both cases). OPP levels were not influenced by the ingestion of any supplement (p = .801), whereas MAP exhibited a significant increase after 30 min of ingesting 200 mg of caffeine (p = .012). After resistance training, there was an acute reduction of IOP, OPP, and MAP levels (p < .002 in all cases), but these effects were independent of the supplement consumed (p > .272). These findings show that beta-alanine (3 g) did not alter IOP, OPP, and MAP levels in resting conditions and after resistance training. Therefore, beta-alanine supplementation is a safe alternative when avoiding fluctuations of the ocular and cardiovascular hemodynamics is desirable (i.e., glaucoma patients or hypertensive individuals).
Zignoli A, Martinez-Gonzalez B, Skroce K
… +3 more, Lipman DJ, Zisser HC, Giorgi A
Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab
· 2025 May · PMID 39662483
·
Publisher ↗
This observational study investigated the use of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in a team of professional cyclists without diabetes during two consecutive annual training camps. The goal of the study was twofold: to...This observational study investigated the use of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in a team of professional cyclists without diabetes during two consecutive annual training camps. The goal of the study was twofold: to present the aggregated CGM metrics such as day/overnight CGM average (DAYAVG/OVNAVG) for this group of professional cyclists and to study the association between exercise energy expenditure (megajoules per day), carbohydrate intake (grams), and minimum overnight CGM values (millimoles per liter). Linear mixed models were employed in the analysis. Data were available for 26 cyclists (22 participated in both training camps). CGM levels reported (DAYAVG = 6.37 ± 0.54 mmol/L and OVNAVG = 5.30 ± 0.52 mmol/L), are not typically seen in healthy individuals not engaged in intensive exercise routines. Results showed that minimum overnight CGM values significantly fluctuated throughout the training camp, but a statistically significant association between exercise energy expenditure (p = .0839) or carbohydrate intake (p = .059) and minimum overnight CGM values could not be detected. This research contributes to the literature on CGM use in professional athletes and underscores the need for further studies to fully understand the benefits and limitations of CGM to guide sports performance.
Martín-Olmedo JJ, Miras-Moreno S, Cuadra-Montes K
… +3 more, García-Ramos A, Ruiz JR, Jurado-Fasoli L
Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab
· 2025 Mar · PMID 39662304
·
Publisher ↗
L-citrulline (CIT) supplementation seems to improve resistance training performance; yet, whether malate has additive ergogenic effects when combined with CIT is unknown. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled...L-citrulline (CIT) supplementation seems to improve resistance training performance; yet, whether malate has additive ergogenic effects when combined with CIT is unknown. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial aimed to compare the acute effects of CIT versus citrulline malate (CMA) supplementation on neuromuscular performance and exertion and emotional perceptions in young, trained men and women. 43 (21 women; 24.2 ± 3.7 years) participants ingested a placebo, CIT (5.3 g of CIT), or CMA (5.3 g of CIT, 2.7 g of malate) 45 min before three experimental sessions in a counterbalanced manner. We evaluated the upper and lower limb maximal neuromuscular and ballistic performance through the two-point method and countermovement jump. Strength-endurance was assessed across three sets of 10 repetitions in the squat and bench press exercises. Exertion and emotional perceptions were evaluated before and after the assessment and during the strength-endurance assessment. CIT and CMA supplementation did not enhance maximal neuromuscular performance (all p ≥ .061, ηp2≤.066), or ballistic strength (all p ≥ .348, ηp2≤.025). Neither CIT nor CMA supplementation improved strength-endurance as observed in the total number of repetitions (all p ≥ .590, ηp2≤.013), repetitions before reaching velocity loss threshold (all p ≥ .623, ηp2≤.010), mean velocity (all p ≥ .792, ηp2≤.004), mean velocity decline (all p ≥ .293, ηp2≤.029), and mean velocity maintenance (all p ≥ .393 ηp2≤.022), or exertion and emotional perceptions (both p ≥ .306, ηp2≤.028). In conclusion, CIT and CMA supplementation may not increase the neuromuscular performance during low- to moderate-volume resistance training sessions in young, trained adults. This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (No. NCT05183893).
Haigh FAD, Whelehan G, West S
… +9 more, Apicella MCA, Wilkinson K, van der Heijden I, Jameson TSO, Pavis GF, Monteyne AJ, Dirks ML, Stephens FB, Wall BT
Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab
· 2025 Mar · PMID 39608360
·
Publisher ↗
We characterized daily dietary protein intakes, focusing on protein source (animal and nonanimal) and form (whole-foods and supplemental) in young (18-40 years) resistance trained (training ≥ 3×/week for ≥ 6 months; TRA;...We characterized daily dietary protein intakes, focusing on protein source (animal and nonanimal) and form (whole-foods and supplemental) in young (18-40 years) resistance trained (training ≥ 3×/week for ≥ 6 months; TRA; male, n = 30; female, n = 14) and recreationally active (no structured training; REC; male, n = 30; female, n = 30) individuals. Using 3-day weighed food diaries from 10 previous studies, we assessed macronutrient intakes using dietary analysis software. Energy intakes trended greater in TRA compared with REC (p = .056) and were greater in males than females (p = .006). TRA consumed greater (p = .002) proportions of daily energy intake as protein than REC (23 ± 6 vs. 19 ± 5%Energy), which also trended greater in males compared with females (22 ± 3 vs. 20 ± 2%Energy; p = .060). Absolute (p < .001) and relative (to body mass [BM]; p < .001) protein intakes were greater in TRA (males, 159 ± 54 g/day or 1.6 ± 0.7 g·kg-1 BM·day-1; females, 105 ± 40 g/day or 2.0 ± 0.6 g·kg-1 BM·day-1; p < .001) than REC (males, 103 ± 37 g/day or 1.3 ± 0.5 g·kg-1 BM·day-1; females, 85 ± 23 g/day or 1.3 ± 0.4 g·kg-1 BM·day-1; p < .001), with absolute (p = .025), but not relative (p = .129) intakes greater in males. A greater proportion of total protein was consumed from animal compared with nonanimal in TRA (68% vs. 32%, respectively; p < .001) and REC (64% vs. 36%, respectively; p < .001); the skew driven exclusively by males (72% vs. 28%, respectively; p < .001). A greater proportion (∼92%) of total protein was consumed as whole-foods compared with supplemental, irrespective of training status or sex (p < .001). We show animal and whole-food-derived proteins contribute the majority to daily dietary protein intakes in TRA and REC young males and females.
Convit L, Orellana L, Périard JD
… +5 more, Carr AJ, Warmington S, Beaugeois M, Abraham A, Snipe RMJ
Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab
· 2025 Mar · PMID 39591960
·
Publisher ↗
This study investigated the effect of sodium hyperhydration on thermal and cardiovascular strain and exercise performance in unacclimatized endurance-trained females exercising in the heat and whether effects differ betw...This study investigated the effect of sodium hyperhydration on thermal and cardiovascular strain and exercise performance in unacclimatized endurance-trained females exercising in the heat and whether effects differ between menstrual cycle (MC) Phase 1 (low estrogen and progesterone) and MC Phase 4 (moderate estrogen and high progesterone). Twelve female cyclists/triathletes completed four trials in a randomized, double-blinded, crossover design. Participants consumed 30 ml·kg-1 fat-free mass fluid with either sodium chloride (7.5 g·L-1) or placebo (sucrose) 2 hr prior to 75 min of steady-state cycling (60% V˙O2peak) followed by a 200-kJ time trial (TT) in 34 °C and 60% relative humidity, with both interventions completed during MC Phase 1 and Phase 4. Rectal temperature and heart rate were measured at baseline, every 5 min during steady state, every 50 kJ of TT, and TT completion. Body mass was measured every 30 min preexercise and pre and post steady state and TT to assess hydration status. Linear mixed models were fitted to estimate intervention and MC phase effect. There were no significant sodium hyperhydration or MC phase effects on rectal temperature or heart rate (p > .05). Body mass increased with sodium versus placebo (0.38 [0.02, 0.74] kg; p = .04), with a greater increase in MC Phase 4 (0.69 [0.17, 1.2] kg; p < .001). TT performance improved with sodium versus placebo (-1.55 [-2.46, -0.64] min; p = .001), with a greater improvement in MC Phase 4 (-1.85 [-3.16, -0.55] min; p = .005). Sodium hyperhydration is a promising heat mitigation strategy for females undertaking prolonged exercise in the heat, especially during MC Phase 4 and when fluid access is limited.
Muñoz A, de la Rubia A, Lorenzo-Calvo J
… +6 more, Karayigit R, Garcés-Rimón M, López-Moreno M, Domínguez R, Scanlan AT, López-Samanes Á
Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab
· 2025 Mar · PMID 39579758
·
Publisher ↗
The aim of this study was to examine the effects of multiday beetroot juice ingestion on neuromuscular performance in semi-professional, male handball players. Twelve handball players competing in the second Spanish nati...The aim of this study was to examine the effects of multiday beetroot juice ingestion on neuromuscular performance in semi-professional, male handball players. Twelve handball players competing in the second Spanish national division received 70 ml of beetroot juice (6.4 mmol of nitrate [NO3-]) or 70 ml of a placebo beetroot juice (0.04 mmol NO3-) for three consecutive days in a randomized, double-blind, crossover manner with a 1-week washout between conditions. Following supplementation in each condition, players completed a neuromuscular test battery involving handball throwing, isometric handgrip strength, countermovement jump, change-of-direction speed, and repeated-sprint assessments, with side effects also measured. Countermovement jump (4.7%; p = .038; Hedge's gav = 0.29) and isometric handgrip strength (7.8%; p = .021; gav = 0.59) were significantly superior with beetroot juice ingestion compared to the placebo. In contrast, nonsignificant differences were evident between conditions for all other neuromuscular performance variables (p > .05; gav = 0.00-0.27). Red urine production was the only side effect, demonstrating a significantly higher prevalence (p = .046) with beetroot juice ingestion. Three days of beetroot juice supplementation may be a useful nutritional strategy in semi-professional, male handball players given its ergogenic benefit to some aspects of neuromuscular performance.
Tiller NB, Burke LM, Howe SM
… +3 more, Koop J, Ohm JR, Burgess B
Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab
· 2025 Mar · PMID 39579757
·
Publisher ↗
Carbohydrate (CHO) gels are a staple among endurance athletes. When ingested during competition, CHO gels can improve endurance performance by acting as an external energy substrate, sparing endogenous glycogen, mitigati...Carbohydrate (CHO) gels are a staple among endurance athletes. When ingested during competition, CHO gels can improve endurance performance by acting as an external energy substrate, sparing endogenous glycogen, mitigating the risk of hypoglycemia, and engaging the central nervous system via receptors in the mouth and gastrointestinal tract. However, published studies and a growing number of anecdotal reports have raised concerns about possible energy and macronutrient deficiencies in several products. We therefore performed a content analysis on CHO gels from Gu Energy, Honey Stinger, Hüma, Maurten, Näak, Precision Fuel, Science in Sport, and Spring Energy. On average, products contained significantly less energy than stated on the labels (n = 8, p = .047, large effect) but with no discrepancy in CHO content (n = 8, p = .219, medium effect). Bland-Altman analyses revealed a systematic bias toward less energy and CHO in measured samples relative to the label-derived nutritional information. Moreover, the Spring Energy product fell outside the 95% limits of agreement for both energy and CHO, containing ∼71% less energy (53 vs. 180 kcal) and ∼72% less CHO (12.5 vs. 45 g) than stated on the label. A follow-up analysis revealed similar discrepancies in several Spring Energy products from multiple lots. These findings have performance, clinical, and legal implications.
Tinnion DJ, Dobson B, Hilton N
… +2 more, McNaughton LR, Sparks SA
Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab
· 2025 Mar · PMID 39577403
·
Publisher ↗
Enhanced buffering capacity following sodium citrate (SC) ingestion may be optimized when subsequent exercise commences at individual time-to-peak (TTP) alkalosis (blood pH or bicarbonate concentration [HCO3-]). While ac...Enhanced buffering capacity following sodium citrate (SC) ingestion may be optimized when subsequent exercise commences at individual time-to-peak (TTP) alkalosis (blood pH or bicarbonate concentration [HCO3-]). While accounting for considerable interindividual variation in TTP (188-300 min), a reliable blood alkalotic response is required for practical use. This study evaluated the reliability of blood pH, HCO3-, and sodium (Na+) following acute SC ingestion. Fourteen recreationally active males ingested 0.4 or 0.5 g/kg body mass (BM) of SC on two occasions each and 0.07 g/kg BM of sodium chloride (control) once. Blood pH and HCO3- were measured for 4 hr postingestion. Blood pH and HCO3- displayed good reliability following 0.5 g/kg BM SC (r = .819, p = .002, standardized technical error [sTE] = 0.67 and r = .840, p < .001, sTE = 0.63, respectively). Following 0.4 g/kg BM SC, blood HCO3- retained good reliability (r = .771, p = .006, sTE = 0.78) versus moderate for blood pH (r = .520, p = .099, sTE = 1.36). TTP pH was moderately reliable following 0.5 (r = .676, p = .026, sTE = 1.05) and 0.4 g/kg BM SC (r = .679, p = .025, sTE = 0.91) versus poor for HCO3- following 0.5 (r = .183, p = .361, sTE = 5.38) and 0.4 g/kg BM SC (r = .290, p = .273, sTE = 2.50). Although the magnitude of (and displacement in) blood alkalosis, particularly HCO3-, appears reliable following potentially ergogenic doses of SC, strategies based on individual TTP cannot be recommended.
Wardenaar FC, Clark N, Stellingwerff T
… +10 more, Siegler J, Saunders B, Dolan E, Wilson PB, Hawley JA, Fuchs CJ, Aussieker T, Phillips SM, Manore M, Burke LM
Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab
· 2025 Jan · PMID 39560956
·
Publisher ↗
This article provides a recap of the 10 Questions/10 Experts session at the 2024 American College of Sports Medicine Annual Meeting. Each of the speakers considered the validity of common "myths," while providing evidenc...This article provides a recap of the 10 Questions/10 Experts session at the 2024 American College of Sports Medicine Annual Meeting. Each of the speakers considered the validity of common "myths," while providing evidence-based opinions to support, or, bust, myths addressing the following questions: (1) Would 100 g/hr of carbohydrate be advisable for the Olympic Cycling Road race? (2) Is there an advantage in the marathon of ingesting bicarbonate as a hydrogel product? (3) Can genotyping be used to individualize caffeine supplementation in football? (4) Should low fluid consumers drink more to improve 1,500-m track performance? (5) Do urinary markers of dehydration predict poor basketball performance? (6) Do placebo effects influence 10-km track performance? (7) Should combat athletes make weight using glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists? (8) Would crushed ice ingestion help tennis umpires make better decisions in the heat? (9) Are collagen supplements useful to reduce tendon and ligament injuries in volleyball? and (10) Should female athletes plan their training and diet according to their menstrual cycle? This article describes the content of each of the presentations including the most important outcomes and conclusions drawn by the presenters.
Clavé P, Fabries P, Beauchamps V
… +12 more, Pontiggia A, David L, Van Beers P, Guillard M, Tavard B, Malgoyre A, Koulmann N, Gomez-Merino D, Sauvet F, Chennaoui M, Charlot K, HYPSOM Investigator Group
Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab
· 2025 Jan · PMID 39527952
·
Publisher ↗
Hypoxia (HY) and sleep deprivation have opposite effects on appetite. As HY may alter sleep, it may be informative to assess the accumulative effects of these two stressors on hunger, energy intake (EI), and food reward....Hypoxia (HY) and sleep deprivation have opposite effects on appetite. As HY may alter sleep, it may be informative to assess the accumulative effects of these two stressors on hunger, energy intake (EI), and food reward. Seventeen young, active, healthy males completed four 5-hr sessions in normoxia (NO) or normobaric HY (FIO2 = 13.6%, ∼3,500 m) after a night of habitual sleep (HS; total sleep time >6 hr) or sleep restriction (SR; total sleep time <3 hr). Subjective appetite was assessed regularly using visual analogic scales and EI during an ad libitum lunch after 3.5 hr of exposure. Food reward was assessed using the Leeds Food Preference Questionnaire just before the lunch. As expected, EI was lower for the HY-HS (4.32 ± 0.71 MJ; p = .048) and HY-SR (4.16 ± 0.68 MJ, p = .013) sessions than the NO-HS (4.90 ± 0.84 MJ) session without acute mountain sickness-related gastrointestinal symptoms. No significant effect of SR alone was observed (NO-SR: 4.40 ± 0.68 MJ). Subjective appetite was not affected. Explicit liking for high-fat foods was higher with SR than HS (main effect: p = .002) and implicit wanting for high-fat foods was higher for the NO-SR, HY-HS, and HY-SR sessions than the NO-HS session (p < .006). Thus, acute SR did not modify subjective appetite or EI despite the increasing food reward for high-fat foods and did not alter the HY-induced changes of appetite or food reward.
Evans M, Lees MJ, Aguilera JA
… +6 more, West DWD, da Fonseca GWP, Amigo-Benavent M, Carson BP, Moore DR, Egan B
Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab
· 2025 Jan · PMID 39527951
·
Publisher ↗
Marine-derived proteins, such as blue whiting-derived protein hydrolysates (BWPH), represent high-quality sources of dietary protein, but their ability to support postexercise anabolism is not established. The impact of...Marine-derived proteins, such as blue whiting-derived protein hydrolysates (BWPH), represent high-quality sources of dietary protein, but their ability to support postexercise anabolism is not established. The impact of BWPH on whole-body anabolism was compared with an isonitrogenous whey protein isolate (WPI) and nonessential amino acid (NEAA) control in 10 trained young males (31 ± 4 years) who, on three separate visits, performed a session of whole-body resistance exercise and then consumed, in randomized crossover fashion, BWPH, WPI, or NEAA (0.33 g/kg; 19, 33, and 0 mg/kg leucine, respectively) with L-[1-13C]leucine. Breath, blood, and urine samples were collected for 6-hr postprandial to assess dietary leucine oxidation, amino acid (AA) concentrations, and 3-methylhistidine: creatinine ratio. Peak and area under the curve concentrations for leucine, branched-chain amino acids, and essential amino acids were greater in WPI compared with BWPH (all p < .05) but with no differences in time to peak concentration. Total oxidation reflected leucine intake (WPI > BWPH > NEAA; p < .01), whereas relative oxidation was greater (p < .01) in WPI (28.6 ± 3.6%) compared with NEAA (21.3 ± 4.2%), but not BWPH (28.6 ± 8.8%). Leucine retention, a proxy for whole-body protein synthesis, was greater in WPI (185.6 ± 9.5 μmol/kg) compared with BWPH (109.3 ± 14.1 μmol/kg) and NEAA (5.74 ± 0.30 μmol/kg; both p < .01), with BWPH being greater than NEAA (p < .01). Urinary 3-methylhistidine: creatinine ratio did not differ between conditions. Both WPI and BWPH produced essential aminoacidemia and supported whole-body anabolism after resistance exercise, but a higher intake of BWPH to better approximate the leucine and EAA content of WPI may be needed to produce an equivalent anabolic response.
Estrela RLD, Dos Santos JS, Salvador PCDN
… +5 more, Ventura TP, Oneda G, de Lucas RD, Turnes T, Guglielmo LGA
Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab
· 2025 Mar · PMID 39515310
·
Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to analyze the effect of caffeine (CAF) intake on pulmonary oxygen uptake (V˙O2) kinetics, muscle fatigue, and physiological and perceptual parameters during severe-intensity cycling exerci...INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to analyze the effect of caffeine (CAF) intake on pulmonary oxygen uptake (V˙O2) kinetics, muscle fatigue, and physiological and perceptual parameters during severe-intensity cycling exercise. METHODS: Twelve physically active men (age: 26 ± 5 years; V˙O2peak: 46.7 ± 7.8 ml·kg-1·min-1) participated of this placebo (PLA)-controlled, randomized, double-blinded, and crossover design study. Participants performed on separate days (a) a ramp incremental test to determine V˙O2peak and gas exchange threshold and (b) four 8-min constant work rate tests at 60% of the difference between gas exchange threshold and maximal V˙O2peak (i.e., Δ60%) 1 hr after taking either 6 mg/kg of body mass of CAF or PLA. Before and immediately after constant work rate tests, a 5-s all-out isokinetic sprint was performed to assess the muscle torque. V˙O2 kinetics, blood lactate concentration ([La]), and rating of perceived exertion were analyzed during constant work rate tests. RESULTS: CAF did not alter the primary time constant of V˙O2 kinetics (PLA: 38.3 ± 14; CAF: 36.7 ± 7.5 s), V˙O2 slow component (PLA: 0.5 ± 0.2; CAF: 0.5 ± 0.2 L/min), or peak torque (PLA: 144.6 ± 18.6; CAF: 143.9 ± 18.7 N·m). CAF decreased rating of perceived exertion (15.9 ± 1.8 vs. 17.0 ± 1.5 a.u.) and increased blood lactate concentration (9.0 ± 2.5 vs. 8.3 ± 2.2 mmol/L; p < .05) after constant work rate tests compared with PLA. CONCLUSION: CAF ingestion does not alter V˙O2 kinetics or muscle torque production during 8 min of severe-intensity cycling exercise.