Child Psychiatry Hum Dev [JOURNAL]
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200 papers
Factor Structure and Psychometric Evaluation of the Parent-Child Sleep Interactions Scale (PSIS) Among Children Adopted From Foster Care.
Vieira A, Rojo-Wissar DM, Zhang Y … +4 more , Cifre AB, Rech ME, Myers AM, Alfano CA
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev · 2025 Dec · PMID 41460451 · Full text
We examined the factor structure and psychometric properties of the Parent-Child Sleep Interactions Scale (PSIS) in families with children adopted from foster care. Data were collected from adoptive parents of 240 presch...
We examined the factor structure and psychometric properties of the Parent-Child Sleep Interactions Scale (PSIS) in families with children adopted from foster care. Data were collected from adoptive parents of 240 preschool-aged children, ages 3-6 years, (M = 4.24 years, SD = 1.06; 41.67% female) from across the U.S. Parents completed questionnaires assessing demographics, child sleep problems, and child depressive and anxiety symptoms. We randomly split the sample and conducted an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) in sample one, followed by a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) in sample two. Internal consistency reliability and convergent validity of the final PSIS from the CFA were assessed. The EFA revealed the same three factors identified in the original 12-item measure: Sleep Reinforcement, Sleep Conflict, and Sleep Dependence. However, two items' factor loadings did not meet retention criteria. After removing these items, the three-factor solution was maintained, with good model fit. Internal consistency reliability for all PSIS subscales was good and all subscales were negatively correlated with sleep quality and positively correlated with total child sleep problems and symptoms of separation anxiety. Findings provide evidence for the reliability and validity of the revised PSIS for assessing sleep-related parent-child interactions among preschoolers with a history of placement in foster care.
Racial Biases in Parent-Teacher Ratings of Childhood ADHD Symptoms: Roles of Implicit and Explicit Racial Attitudes and Stereotypes.
Kang S, Dasgupta N, Fefer SA … +1 more , Harvey EA
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev · 2025 Dec · PMID 41460450 · Publisher ↗
Racial disparities in ADHD diagnoses may be attributable to parent-teacher discrepancies in symptom ratings, as teachers rate Black children as more symptomatic than non-Black children. Implicit racial biases may be a co...
Racial disparities in ADHD diagnoses may be attributable to parent-teacher discrepancies in symptom ratings, as teachers rate Black children as more symptomatic than non-Black children. Implicit racial biases may be a contributor to these parent-teacher differences. This study examined specific forms of racial biases among White teachers and Black parents, and their association with ratings of Black and White children's ADHD behaviors. Participants watched short videoclips and rated children's ADHD symptoms, and completed measures of implicit and explicit racial attitudes and ADHD stereotypes. Results showed that White teachers demonstrated more implicit biases than did Black parents. Implicit racial attitudes toward Black boys were associated with biased ratings of Black boys' ADHD symptoms, and explicit racial attitudes were associated with biased ratings of Black girls' ADHD symptoms. These findings demonstrate a potential role of teachers' implicit racial biases in ratings of Black children's externalizing behaviors, including ADHD.
Psychologists' Perspectives on Behavioral Versus Attachment- and Emotion-Focused Parenting Interventions.
Jugovac S, Pasalich DS
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev · 2025 Dec · PMID 41422464 · Publisher ↗
Attachment- and emotion-focused parenting interventions (AE) and behavioral parenting training (BPT) are evidence-based approaches for reducing child mental health problems and have been widely disseminated across many c...
Attachment- and emotion-focused parenting interventions (AE) and behavioral parenting training (BPT) are evidence-based approaches for reducing child mental health problems and have been widely disseminated across many countries. Notwithstanding this, popular media suggests a potential implementation drift from BPT, though there is a lack of empirical research supporting this claim. Given that providers are often gatekeepers to the quality and types of programs available to parents, this study aimed to provide an updated account of psychologists' perspectives and attitudes regarding AE and BPT. Twenty-four psychologists, with various levels of training in parenting interventions, participated in semi-structured interviews. Interviews explored psychologists' use and acceptability of AE and BPT for treating child mental health problems, including potential factors that may influence their acceptability. Through reflexive thematic analysis, we identified six main themes influencing psychologists' implementation of parenting interventions. These included their professional training; affective experiences; values of safety and parent-child connection; societal parenting trends; beliefs about research and treatment tailoring; and systemic barriers. These findings provide a contemporary understanding on psychologists' perceptions of AE and BPT. Although participants described an awareness of a perceived polarization between AE and BPT amongst psychologists in practice, many participants did not personally hold this view. Our results highlight the importance of considering provider-level factors-such as attitudes, affective experiences, and values-in future research and training on parenting interventions.
The Longitudinal Relationship Between Family Economic Hardship, Peer Victimization, and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Among Chinese Adolescents: The Moderating Role of the COMT Gene rs4680 Polymorphism.
Ni X, Liao X, Wang H … +3 more , Chen J, Wu N, Yu C
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev · 2025 Dec · PMID 41402701 · Publisher ↗
Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) has become a significant public health issue, garnering attention from across society. While it has been established that family economic hardship serves as a risk factor for adolescent NS...
Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) has become a significant public health issue, garnering attention from across society. While it has been established that family economic hardship serves as a risk factor for adolescent NSSI, the underlying mechanisms connecting these two factors remain to be fully elucidated. Based on a gene-environment interaction perspective, this research explored whether peer victimization acts as a mediator in the link between family economic hardship and adolescent NSSI, and whether the COMT rs4680 polymorphism moderates this indirect path. A total of 477 Chinese adolescents (M=12.81 years, SD = 0.48 years, 47.80% girls) participated in two surveys conducted six months apart. After controlling for age, gender, and NSSI at Time 1, peer victimization significantly mediated the relationship between family economic hardship and adolescent NSSI. Furthermore, the impact of family economic hardship on peer victimization was only significant in adolescents with the A allele of the COMT rs4680 polymorphism. Additionally, the positive association between peer victimization and NSSI was much stronger for adolescents with the A allele than for those with the GG genotype. These findings shed light on the risk factors for NSSI in adolescents experiencing family economic hardship. They provide a strong theoretical basis and practical insights for targeted interventions aiming to prevent adolescent NSSI.
Parental Monitoring as a Predictor of Self-Injurious Behavior: the Mediating Role of Dual Systems Model Constructs.
Wojciechowski T
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev · 2025 Dec · PMID 41400770 · Publisher ↗
Weak parental monitoring has been identified as a risk factor for self-injurious behavior. However, there remains a dearth of research identifying mechanisms underpinning this relationship. Variance in dual systems model...
Weak parental monitoring has been identified as a risk factor for self-injurious behavior. However, there remains a dearth of research identifying mechanisms underpinning this relationship. Variance in dual systems model cognitive development (impulse control, sensation-seeking) was tested as a set of mediators of this relationship. The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development data were analyzed. Generalized structural equation modeling was used to test for direct and indirect effects of interest. Weak parental monitoring predicted increased risk for self-injurious behavior at follow-up. Low impulse control significantly mediated this relationship, whereas sensation-seeking was not a significant mediator. These findings indicated the importance of strengthening parental monitoring and fostering healthy impulse control development to prevent self-injurious behavior. A multi-arm program could address these factors at the parent and child level.
Who Benefits Most? Predictors of Treatment Response in Group Interventions for Children's Emotional Disorders.
Gomes-Pereira B, Góis AC, Caiado B … +2 more , Pereira AI, Moreira H
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev · 2025 Dec · PMID 41385132 · Publisher ↗
Numerous studies have demonstrated that Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is effective in treating emotional disorders in children and adolescents. Over the years, various group interventions have proven successful in r...
Numerous studies have demonstrated that Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is effective in treating emotional disorders in children and adolescents. Over the years, various group interventions have proven successful in reducing symptomatology, both in anxiety-focused programs and transdiagnostic approaches. However, few studies have identified the factors that influence the effectiveness of these interventions, particularly in a group setting. Identifying predictors of treatment response is crucial for better tailoring interventions to children's needs, yet existing findings are limited and often inconsistent. This study examines predictors of treatment response in a sample of 61 children (M = 9.57, SD = 1.52) who received either the Unified Protocol for Children in a blended format (UP-C) or the Coping Cat group intervention. Treatment response, assessed through reductions in child-reported anxiety and depressive symptoms from pre- to post-treatment, indicated that higher levels of interference in the child's daily life at pre-intervention and receiving the UP-C predicted better therapeutic outcomes. When improvement was based on reductions in parent-reported anxiety and depressive symptoms, factors such as child age and parents' pre-treatment depressive symptoms emerged as predictors of better outcomes. Finally, parental involvement, as rated by the psychologist, was the strongest predictor of improvement based on the clinician's report. These findings suggest that group interventions are particularly beneficial for older children experiencing greater symptom interference and whose parents are more actively engaged in treatment, highlighting the importance of developing tailored approaches for younger children and families with lower levels of involvement.
Impact of Neighborhood Disadvantage on Youth Emotional Symptoms and Transdiagnostic Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment Outcomes.
Milgram L, Halliday ER, Mazloum M … +1 more , Ehrenreich-May J
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev · 2025 Dec · PMID 41385131 · Publisher ↗
Youth living in low-resource geographical areas may have a greater need for and/or poorer access to mental health care. Neighborhood disadvantage is associated with a range of adverse mental health symptoms for adults, b...
Youth living in low-resource geographical areas may have a greater need for and/or poorer access to mental health care. Neighborhood disadvantage is associated with a range of adverse mental health symptoms for adults, but relatively fewer studies have examined the impacts of neighborhood disadvantage on mental health symptoms in youth. This study used the Area Deprivation Index to examine neighborhood disadvantage among a large sample of youth seeking (N = 935) and receiving (n = 544) transdiagnostic cognitive-behavioral treatment using the Unified Protocols for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders in Children and Adolescents at a university-based research clinic in the southeastern United States. Neighborhood disadvantage did not impact rates of treatment enrollment but was associated with older youth age at the time of treatment enrollment and greater clinician- and caregiver-reported (although not youth self-reported) emotional symptom severity at pre-treatment. Neighborhood disadvantage was not associated with attendance or response to the transdiagnostic cognitive-behavioral treatment. Together, findings suggest that neighborhood disadvantage may have a greater impact on delays in accessing specialty care than on the benefits of such care once it is initiated. Delays in treatment access may lead to an exacerbation of youth emotional symptoms in the period prior to treatment initiation. Findings can inform future efforts to leverage community-integrated recruitment approaches to better understand and address barriers to care for youth from disadvantaged neighborhoods for the goal of improving youth mental health outcomes.
Translation and Adaptation of the Child and Youth Resilience Measure-Revised and Rugged Resilience Measure: A Mixed-Method Study Among Adolescents in Nepal.
Singh R, Chua KC, Pant SB … +10 more , Paudel R, Gautam K, Luitel NP, Garman E, Eleftheriou G, Wahid SS, Kohrt BA, Jefferies P, Jordans MJD, Lund C
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev · 2025 Dec · PMID 41348265 · Publisher ↗
Resilience, the capacity to adapt positively in adversity, is a key protective factor for adolescent well-being, particularly for depression and anxiety, which are highly prevalent among adolescents in Nepal. Accurate me...
Resilience, the capacity to adapt positively in adversity, is a key protective factor for adolescent well-being, particularly for depression and anxiety, which are highly prevalent among adolescents in Nepal. Accurate measurement across cultural contexts is essential to identify at-risk adolescents and understand protective mechanisms. This study culturally adapted and evaluated the psychometric properties of the Child and Youth Resilience Measure-Revised (CYRM-R) and Rugged Resilience Measure (RRM) in Nepal to ensure cultural relevance, reliability, and validity. This mixed-method study focused on poverty-affected adolescents in Kathmandu, using focus group discussions, cognitive interviews, pilot assessments, and a cross-sectional survey. The findings indicated Nepali versions of CYRM-R and RRM were acceptable, comprehensible, and relevant based on qualitative feedback. Most items showed item-total correlations between 0.2 and 0.5, indicating good discrimination, and internal consistency was satisfactory (α and ω > 0.7). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses supported a unidimensional structure, with an alternative two-factor solution explored for CYRM-R. Test-retest reliability was moderate overall, with some subscales less consistent. Both tools demonstrated strong psychometric properties, including face, content, convergent, and known-groups validity. The Nepali CYRM-R and RRM provide culturally robust tools for assessing adolescent resilience, supporting researchers, educators, and policymakers in designing targeted interventions.
The Search for Youthful Panic: A Systematic Review of the Relationship between Anxiety Sensitivity, Emotion Regulation, and Panic Symptoms Via a Developmental Lens.
Velasquez MJ, Brennan J, Davis TE
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev · 2025 Dec · PMID 41324741 · Publisher ↗
Panic disorder (PD) is a debilitating anxiety disorder consisting of episodes of intense fear that may emerge in childhood and adolescence; however, the factors leading to the emergence of PD in youth remain poorly under...
Panic disorder (PD) is a debilitating anxiety disorder consisting of episodes of intense fear that may emerge in childhood and adolescence; however, the factors leading to the emergence of PD in youth remain poorly understood. The risk of experiencing panic symptoms may increase due to changes in developmental capabilities in late childhood and adolescence. In particular, two constructs have frequently been examined as likely candidates: increased anxiety sensitivity (AS) and emotion regulation (ER) difficulties associated with socioemotional and cognitive changes that arise in childhood and adolescence. AS has been consistently identified as a precursor and maintaining factor of panic; meanwhile, fewer studies have examined the role of ER difficulties in the development and maintenance of panic symptoms in youth. This systematic review utilized a developmental perspective to identify and summarize the (1) phenomenology of panic symptoms in children and adolescents, (2) the association between AS and panic symptoms, (3) the relationship between ER and panic symptoms, and (4) the interaction of AS and ER in the etiology of panic symptoms. A total of 47 articles were included in this review. Youth (e.g., negative affectivity) and parental factors (e.g., parental modeling) were associated with AS and panic, while only youth factors (e.g., gender, puberty status, stressors, and baseline anxiety) were associated with ER difficulties and panic. Overall findings suggest AS and ER difficulties are independent correlates of panic symptoms in children and adolescents. Due to the lack of studies examining the interactive effects of AS and ER difficulty on panic symptoms in youth, future research is needed to clarify these relations.
Sex-Based Parent Attributions for Child Behaviour.
Morawska A, Baker S, Hepburn SJ
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev · 2025 Nov · PMID 41296260 · Publisher ↗
A cross-sectional survey with 399 parents of 1-5-year-old children aimed to investigate the extent to which parents make sex-based attributions for children's behaviours, and the association of parents' own gender and so...
A cross-sectional survey with 399 parents of 1-5-year-old children aimed to investigate the extent to which parents make sex-based attributions for children's behaviours, and the association of parents' own gender and social role attitudes with those attributions. Overall, parents were more likely to attribute child behaviour to children's individual characteristics, age, and lack of socialisation than to sex. However, parents were more likely to make sex-based attributions for scenarios featuring boys compared to girls. In this sample, sex-based attributions were associated with attitudes towards social roles, but not with demographics, self-ascribed masculinity-femininity, and attitudes towards marital roles and child-rearing.
Understanding Parental Burnout in Parents of ADHD Children: Development and Psychometric Analysis of a New Questionnaire.
Nejatifar S, Sharifi A, Sarami P
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev · 2025 Nov · PMID 41296259 · Publisher ↗
This study aimed to develop and validate a new questionnaire, the Parental Burnout in ADHD (PBA) scale, to address this gap in the literature. Drawing on existing research on parental burnout, ADHD, and related construct...
This study aimed to develop and validate a new questionnaire, the Parental Burnout in ADHD (PBA) scale, to address this gap in the literature. Drawing on existing research on parental burnout, ADHD, and related constructs such as parenting stress and self-efficacy, the PBA scale was developed through a rigorous process involving item generation, expert review, and pilot testing. The final version of the PBA scale comprised 36 items, covering five dimensions: Parental stress, Parental self-efficacy, Parental guilt, Social support for parents, Parental burnout and Parental coping strategies. The psychometric properties of the PBA scale were examined in a sample of 118 parents of children with ADHD. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the five-factor structure of the scale, with good model fit indices. In conclusion, the Parental Burnout in ADHD (PBA) scale is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing parental burnout in parents of children with ADHD.
Exploring Parenting and Children's Mental Health Pre and During the COVID-19 Pandemic.
Withers A, Lapshina N, Stewart SL
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev · 2025 Nov · PMID 41296258 · Publisher ↗
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted the mental health of children and families. This study sought to further explore the relationship between the pandemic (accounting for age and sex) and children's mental h...
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted the mental health of children and families. This study sought to further explore the relationship between the pandemic (accounting for age and sex) and children's mental health outcomes, parenting quality, and service complexity. Data consisted of interRAI Child and Youth Mental Health Assessments from 5,067 children and youth between the age of 4-18-years-old. Surprisingly, our findings revealed the pandemic was not a significant predictor of parenting quality and children's mental health. Significantly lower levels of service complexity during the first few months of the pandemic were observed. Compared to younger males, older female children were more likely to experience internalizing symptoms and less likely to display externalizing symptoms. Older children (vs. younger children) were more likely to receive low parenting quality and experience service complexity. Clinical implications, limitations, and future directions are discussed.
The Moderating Role of Social Support in Siblings' Negative Feelings Toward Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders.
Suzumura S, Ando S
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev · 2025 Nov · PMID 41273472 · Publisher ↗
Siblings of children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) are often exposed to challenging behaviors from their neurodivergent siblings, which may be associated with persistent negative feelings. While social support...
Siblings of children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) are often exposed to challenging behaviors from their neurodivergent siblings, which may be associated with persistent negative feelings. While social support has been shown to buffer the effects of such challenges, limited research has examined emotional responses in these siblings. This study explored the association between discomfort caused by challenging behaviors and persistent negative feelings toward children with NDD, and investigated whether perceived social support moderates this association. A self-report questionnaire was completed by 127 siblings of children with NDD. Three scales were developed to assess discomfort with challenging behaviors, persistent negative feelings, and perceived social support from fathers, mothers, friends, and teachers. A significant correlation was found between discomfort and persistent negative feelings. Perceived social support moderated this association, such that higher levels of support were linked to lower levels of negative feelings-although the buffering effect was weaker when discomfort levels were high. These findings suggest that social support may play a protective role in the context of sibling emotional adjustment, particularly when discomfort is less intense.
Network Analysis Identifies Key Correlates of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury, Suicidal Ideation, and Suicide Attempt Among Early Adolescents.
Ni X, Wang M, Ou Z … +4 more , Chen J, Zeng Y, Liao X, Yu C
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev · 2025 Nov · PMID 41273471 · Publisher ↗
Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicidality in adolescents represent urgent public health concerns. Although distinct, these behaviors share several underlying mechanisms. To clarify their relationship and inform pre...
Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicidality in adolescents represent urgent public health concerns. Although distinct, these behaviors share several underlying mechanisms. To clarify their relationship and inform prevention strategies, it is crucial to identify the factors most strongly associated with NSSI and suicidality in early adolescence, as well as those that exert common influences on both. In this study, a survey of 625 Chinese early adolescents (M = 10.36 years, SD = 0.93 years) was conducted, and network analysis was used to examine the interconnections among NSSI, suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and multiple influencing factors. Results showed that harsh parenting, interparental conflict, and perceived burdensomeness were central factors for the concurrent prevention and intervention of NSSI, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts. Furthermore, meaning in life and deviant peer affiliation emerged as important factors influencing both NSSI and suicidal ideation. These findings provide a robust theoretical foundation and practical direction for the early identification and mitigation of adolescent NSSI and suicidality.
Unpacking the Pathway from Teacher Support to Academic Anxiety: Sequential Mediation by Self-Efficacy and Social Media use Among Chinese High School Students.
Li W, Zhu X, Zhao H
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev · 2025 Nov · PMID 41273470 · Publisher ↗
This study investigated the associations between perceived teacher support and academic anxiety among Chinese high school students, examining academic self-efficacy and social media use as potential mediating variables....
This study investigated the associations between perceived teacher support and academic anxiety among Chinese high school students, examining academic self-efficacy and social media use as potential mediating variables. Data were collected from 3,326 students (aged 14-19) across three regions in China using validated self-report measures. Path analysis identified three key relationships: (1) a negative association between perceived teacher support and academic anxiety; (2) academic self-efficacy and social media use as individual mediators in this relationship; and (3) these factors as sequential mediators in a chain pathway linking perceived teacher support with academic anxiety. These findings underscore the significant statistical association between teacher-student relationships and academic anxiety, and further illuminate the broader correlational dynamics among external support, psychological beliefs, digital behaviors, and emotional states. This research provides preliminary evidence with important implications for addressing academic anxiety in competitive educational environments.
Identification of Capabilities of Autistic Young Adults: Towards an Understanding of Autistic Flourishing.
Meerman J, Dewinter J, Boer J … +3 more , Noot K, van der Klink J, Glas G
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev · 2025 Nov · PMID 41273469 · Publisher ↗
Views on autism shifted from a biomedical view to a neurodiversity-framework, with a parallel change in views on the nature of wellbeing. In this qualitative study the Capability Approach (CA), a theory of wellbeing, has...
Views on autism shifted from a biomedical view to a neurodiversity-framework, with a parallel change in views on the nature of wellbeing. In this qualitative study the Capability Approach (CA), a theory of wellbeing, has been operationalized to identify (a) capabilities of young autistic adults in the Netherlands, as well as (b) important aspects in the process of converting resources on a personal, social and environmental level to realize valuable beings and doings. Fourteen young autistic adults with mental health problems and a self-chosen important other were interviewed twice using a semi-structured interview protocol driven by the central capability concepts. Thematic analysis revealed eight capability themes: autonomy, human connection, peace of mind, personal development, health, enjoyment, work and education, and meaning in life. Specific capabilities identified were to be free of sensory overload, participating in specific interests, to be understood by others, and access to autism-friendly care. Preconditions for capability realization related to the interaction between being autistic and social conditions (e.g. feeling misunderstood or bullied), but also to living conditions and resources (e.g. unsafety, poverty). The CA and identified capabilities offer a framework to discuss wellbeing, individual capabilities, and the conversion process with young autistic adults and their important others.
Risk Factors for Bullying in US Adolescents Aged 12-17.
Soto P, Reis V, Abraham I … +4 more , Llorens C, Dunn A, Lent A, Sacca L
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev · 2025 Nov · PMID 41273468 · Publisher ↗
This study examines risk factors associated with bullying among U.S. adolescents including social determinants of health, parental determinants, and pre-existing health conditions to inform evidence-based strategies to p...
This study examines risk factors associated with bullying among U.S. adolescents including social determinants of health, parental determinants, and pre-existing health conditions to inform evidence-based strategies to prevent bullying. Data for 12-17-year-old adolescents from the 2022-2023 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH) was analyzed. Summary statistics, chi-squared tests, and binary logistic regression analyses were performed to examine associations between bullying involvement and a variety of factors, including physical health conditions, mental and developmental health variables, caregiver influences, adverse childhood experiences, and social determinants. Bivariate analyses revealed significant associations between bullying or being bullied and caregiver mental health and social determinants. Logistic regressions highlighted that being overweight, having autoimmune disease, mental health conditions (anxiety, depression, ADHD), learning disabilities, and difficulty making friends significantly increased the odds of being bullied. These findings support the need for evidence-based, multi-level, culturally specific interventions to reduce bullying and improve adolescent well-being.
Does Infant Temperament Moderate the Relationship between Very Low Birth Weight and Behavioral Problems Over Six years?
Li LY, Grabener M, Barkmann C … +3 more , Barthel D, Helle N, Bindt C
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev · 2025 Nov · PMID 41264073 · Publisher ↗
Preterm birth and very low birth weight (VLBW; <1500 g) are associated with a greater risk for later child psychopathology. However, longitudinal studies on influencing factors and developmental precursors for behavioral...
Preterm birth and very low birth weight (VLBW; <1500 g) are associated with a greater risk for later child psychopathology. However, longitudinal studies on influencing factors and developmental precursors for behavioral problems in VLBW children are still scarce. This study investigates whether difficult infant temperament moderates the association between VLBW and internalizing symptoms, while controlling for family contextual factors. Data from N = 146 families (n = 75 VLBW and n = 71 term birth) were derived from the longitudinal HaFEn cohort study in Hamburg, Germany. Mothers reported on infant temperament at 12 months of age, and internalizing problems at 2.0, 4.4, and 8.0 years. Parental depressive symptoms and socioeconomic status (SES) were assessed shortly after birth. The results showed no moderating effect of infant difficultness on the association between VLBW and internalizing problems. However, difficult temperament was associated with higher levels of internalizing problems in both groups. Our findings highlight the relevance of considering infant temperamental predisposition in relation to later behavioral problems in general. Future research should further examine specific factors influencing mental health outcomes in VLBW children, such as parenting or SES.
Predictive Model of Suicidal Ideation Among Children and Adolescents in Pediatric Outpatient Settings.
Ogawa Y, Hosozawa M, Nakamura A … +8 more , Takei H, Takahashi K, Mochizuki S, Kusaba K, Tanaka K, Nakazawa T, Niizuma T, Shoji H
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev · 2025 Nov · PMID 41264072 · Publisher ↗
Early identification of suicide risk in pediatric outpatient settings is crucial for preventive interventions. This multicenter study aimed to develop a machine learning model to predict self-reported suicidal ideation a...
Early identification of suicide risk in pediatric outpatient settings is crucial for preventive interventions. This multicenter study aimed to develop a machine learning model to predict self-reported suicidal ideation among children and adolescents aged 7-17 years visiting pediatric outpatient settings. Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator and logistic regression analysis were used for model development and feature selection. Of 855 patients recruited, 329 were included in the analysis (mean age 11.0 years, 61.7% males). Frequent suicidal ideation (defined as always thinking life is not worth living during the past week) was reported by 20 (6.1%) patients. Based on six items assessing child-rated psychosocial functioning and physical and psychological symptoms, the selected model achieved an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.81 (95% CI: 0.70-0.92). This brief six-item model can help identify children at risk of suicide in pediatric outpatient settings, potentially facilitating timely intervention.
Callous-Unemotionality in a Sample of Justice-Involved Adolescents: Distinct Associations With Attachment Avoidance and Attachment Anxiety.
Chen SK, Kerig PK, Ellis BJ … +1 more , Raby KL
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev · 2025 Nov · PMID 41236693 · Publisher ↗
Attachment insecurity is associated with callous-unemotionality (CU), but few studies have considered whether specific dimensions of insecurity are differentially associated with CU. The first aim of this preregistered s...
Attachment insecurity is associated with callous-unemotionality (CU), but few studies have considered whether specific dimensions of insecurity are differentially associated with CU. The first aim of this preregistered study was to test whether attachment avoidance and anxiety were differentially associated with CU. The second aim was to examine whether specific emotion regulation strategies explain these associations. The third aim was to evaluate the moderating effect of trauma exposure. Participants included 316 justice-involved adolescents (M = 16 years, 20% female, 39% White/non-Hispanic) who self-reported attachment avoidance and anxiety, emotion regulation strategies, trauma exposure, and CU. As predicted, CU was positively associated with attachment avoidance and negatively associated with attachment anxiety. There was limited evidence that these associations were accounted for by emotion regulation strategies or moderated by trauma exposure. These findings align with the proposition that specific forms of attachment insecurity are differentially associated with CU among high-risk youth.
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