The Journal Of International Medical Research[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Dietary fiber intake and gallstones: The mediating role of serum lipids.
Jiang W, Wang F, Lin Y … +5 more , Luo X, Zheng Y, Yan J, Yang W, Hu Z
J Int Med Res · 2026 Jun · PMID 42315329 · Full text
ObjectiveTo investigate the mediating role of serum lipids in the association between dietary fiber intake and gallstones prevalence.MethodsThis study analyzed the data from 4896 adults participating in the National Heal...
ObjectiveTo investigate the mediating role of serum lipids in the association between dietary fiber intake and gallstones prevalence.MethodsThis study analyzed the data from 4896 adults participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted between 2017-March 2020 and August 2021-August 2023. Logistic regression models and subgroup analyses were conducted to assess the correlation between dietary fiber intake and gallstone prevalence. Additionally, smooth curve fitting based on the generalized additive model was applied to elucidate nonlinear relationships. The mediating effects of lipid-related indicators, including low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, total cholesterol, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, residual cholesterol, and atherogenic index of plasma were also evaluated.ResultsHigh-density lipoprotein cholesterol and atherogenic index of plasma significantly mediated the association between dietary fiber intake and gallstone prevalence, with mediation proportions of 5.06% and 4.26%, respectively (all <0.05). Conversely, the mediating effects of other lipid parameters (non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and residual cholesterol) were not statistically significant.ConclusionThere exists a complex relationship between dietary fiber intake, serum lipid levels, and gallstone formation, with serum lipids potentially serving as mediators. Future research should explore this mechanism in greater depth to offer new insights for the prevention and treatment of gallstones.
Effectiveness of telerehabilitation versus home exercise and in-person therapy for nonoperatively managed tendinopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Fan S, Noor S, Arunkumar Y … +3 more , Bi Z, Guo Y, Zhang L
J Int Med Res · 2026 Jun · PMID 42315328 · Full text
ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of telerehabilitation on pain intensity and functional outcomes in patients with nonoperatively managed tendinopathy compared with home exercise or in-person physical therapy.Method...
ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of telerehabilitation on pain intensity and functional outcomes in patients with nonoperatively managed tendinopathy compared with home exercise or in-person physical therapy.MethodsA systematic search of major databases was conducted to identify randomized controlled trials comparing telerehabilitation with home exercise or in-person physical therapy. The primary outcomes were pain intensity and functional recovery. Methodological quality was assessed using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale and the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool, whereas the certainty of evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation framework. This review was prospectively registered with International Prospective Register for Systematic Reviews (Registration Number: CRD420251207558).ResultsA total of 10 studies comprising 412 participants were included. Compared with home exercise, telerehabilitation demonstrated a potential advantage in reducing pain (standardized mean difference = 0.99, p < 0.001) and improving functional outcomes (standardized mean difference = 0.52, p < 0.001). Conversely, compared with in-person physical therapy, telerehabilitation showed no statistically significant difference in either pain reduction (standardized mean difference = -0.34, p = 0.49) or functional improvement (standardized mean difference = 0.04, p = 0.76). Sensitivity analyses using the leave-one-out method identified specific outliers contributing to heterogeneity, and the pooled estimates shifted appreciably, indicating limited robustness. The overall certainty of evidence was rated as low to very low because of risk of bias and imprecision.ConclusionsTelerehabilitation shows potential benefit for patients with tendinopathy, providing clinical outcomes that may be superior to home exercise and comparable to conventional in-person therapy. By facilitating consistent progressive loading through remote supervision, telerehabilitation may serve as a promising option for patients facing barriers to traditional care. However, confidence in these findings remains limited, and the results should be interpreted with caution because of the low certainty of evidence, high risk of bias across most studies, and limited robustness of the pooled estimates. These findings highlight the need for future high-quality, adequately powered trials.
Barium-associated intestinal ischemia complicated with massive hepatic portal venous gas: A successful survival case report.
Xu P, Zhong S, Peng X
J Int Med Res · 2026 Jun · PMID 42315327 · Full text
Barium-associated intestinal ischemia is a rare but life-threatening complication following upper gastrointestinal barium contrast examinations, with an incidence of less than 0.01%. Hepatic portal venous gas is a condit...
Barium-associated intestinal ischemia is a rare but life-threatening complication following upper gastrointestinal barium contrast examinations, with an incidence of less than 0.01%. Hepatic portal venous gas is a condition secondary to intra-abdominal lesions, such as intestinal ischemia and intestinal necrosis. When complicated by intestinal necrosis, the mortality rate of this condition can be as high as 50%-90%. Cases involving both barium-associated intestinal ischemia and hepatic portal venous gas are even rarer. We report the case of a 62-year-old male patient who underwent upper gastrointestinal barium contrast examination for evaluating potential gastrointestinal disorder. Eight hours after the procedure, he developed clinical symptoms, including abdominal pain, decreased blood pressure, and increased heart rate. Abdominal computed tomography revealed enteritis, with gas detected in the hepatic portal vein, superior mesenteric vein, and intestinal wall. After 12 h of active anti-infective treatment, the gas in the hepatic portal vein was absorbed, and the symptoms improved by the second day. The patient's condition improved on the fourth day of treatment, and follow-up at 1 month confirmed complete recovery. Barium-associated intestinal ischemia is a medical emergency characterized by rapid infection and multiorgan involvement. Hepatic portal venous gas is an important indicator of underlying intra-abdominal pathology. Early anti-infective treatment and intensive care unit monitoring are critical for favorable outcomes.
A case report of removal and uterine suturing of an incarcerated intrauterine sterilization ring.
Wang Q, Liao Z, Rao Z … +2 more , Luo S, Liu Y
J Int Med Res · 2026 Jun · PMID 42315326 · Full text
The clinical management of a patient with adenomyosis in whom the levonorgestrel intrauterine release system was completely embedded in the myometrium is reported. The intrauterine device was located in the pelvis using...
The clinical management of a patient with adenomyosis in whom the levonorgestrel intrauterine release system was completely embedded in the myometrium is reported. The intrauterine device was located in the pelvis using qualitative imaging (plain abdominal X-ray, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging); localization (intraoperative ultrasound localization of the device within the myometrium of the anterior wall of the lower uterine segment); and definitive assessment (hysteroscopy to guide surgical manipulation and subsequent uterine suturing after removal of the device). The purpose of this article is to share our surgical procedure for removing an intrauterine device that has completely migrated into the myometrium using color Doppler ultrasound-guided hysteroscopy, thereby providing best practice for the management of complicated intrauterine device insertion and its prevention in clinical practice.
Anti-Müllerian hormone versus antral follicle count as first-choice biomarkers in a low-resource setting: A cross-sectional study in Kumasi, Ghana.
Damalie FJMK, Bedu-Addo K, Senaya CM … +5 more , Dassah ET, Anning A, Baidoo PK, Owusu-Daaku K, Addo-Fordjour P
J Int Med Res · 2026 Jun · PMID 42315325 · Full text
ObjectiveTo evaluate age-related variations in ovarian reserve among women in Kumasi, Ghana, and determine the preferred first-choice biomarker, either anti-Müllerian hormone or antral follicle count, in a low-resource s...
ObjectiveTo evaluate age-related variations in ovarian reserve among women in Kumasi, Ghana, and determine the preferred first-choice biomarker, either anti-Müllerian hormone or antral follicle count, in a low-resource setting.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted at a private fertility hospital in Kumasi from July 2023 to June 2024. A total of 372 women undergoing fertility assessment were enrolled. Both anti-Müllerian hormone and antral follicle count were measured, stratified by age group, and used to generate age-related nomograms. Correlations between age and each biomarker were assessed.ResultsThe median age was 23 years for oocyte donors and 33 years for self-cycle patients, with 80% classified as overweight/obese. Anti-Müllerian hormone and antral follicle count showed polynomial, nonlinear declines with age, peaking in the mid-20s, and approaching 0 by 45 years of age. Diminished ovarian reserve was observed at 38 years by antral follicle count and at 40 years by anti-Müllerian hormone. This disparity was also reflected in the poor agreement between antral follicle count and anti-Müllerian hormone in classifying participants as having normal ovarian reserve or diminished ovarian reserve (kappa = 0.167). Antral follicle count detected more diminished ovarian reserve cases (38%) than anti-Müllerian hormone (33%) and demonstrated a stronger negative correlation with age (r = -0.34, p = 0.00) than anti-Müllerian hormone (r = -0.30, p = 0.00). The biomarkers were positively correlated (r = 0.42, p = 0.00).ConclusionsOvarian reserve decline among Ghanaian women appears to be more gradual, leading to diminished ovarian reserve at least 3 years later than in reference models. Antral follicle count showed higher sensitivity and a stronger correlation with age, supporting its use as the preferred first-line biomarker for decision-making in low-resource settings.
Kidney cancer burden in China from 1990 to 2023: A retrospective population-based observational study.
Bai Z, Wang S, Wang H … +3 more , Wang Y, Huang G, Hou Y
J Int Med Res · 2026 Jun · PMID 42304621 · Publisher ↗
ObjectiveTo assess long-term trends in kidney cancer burden in China from 1990 to 2023 and estimate the proportion of this burden attributable to major modifiable risk factors.MethodsThis retrospective, population-based...
ObjectiveTo assess long-term trends in kidney cancer burden in China from 1990 to 2023 and estimate the proportion of this burden attributable to major modifiable risk factors.MethodsThis retrospective, population-based observational study used China-specific estimates from the Global Burden of Disease Study (2023). All-age numbers and age-standardized rates for incidence, mortality, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life years, along with 95% uncertainty intervals, were obtained. Joinpoint regression was used to calculate the average annual percentage change by sex and age group.ResultsIn 2023, there were 61,323 new kidney cancer cases and 21,784 kidney cancer-related deaths in China. Compared with 1990, the incident and prevalent cases increased by 214.48% and 251.46%, respectively. The age-standardized incidence rate, age-standardized mortality rate, and age-standardized prevalence rate increased, whereas the age-standardized disability-adjusted life year rate declined. The kidney cancer burden was higher in men than in women. The prevalence was highest in the 50-74 years age group, whereas the ≥75 years age group demonstrated the greatest relative increase. Smoking, high body mass index, and trichloroethylene exposure accounted for substantial estimated attributable kidney cancer deaths and disability-adjusted life years.ConclusionsThe absolute burden of kidney cancer in China increased substantially from 1990 to 2023, particularly among men and older adults. These findings may support age- and sex-informed prevention strategies, tobacco control, weight management, occupational exposure reduction, and improved monitoring of high-risk populations.
Association of liver enzyme abnormalities and tobacco exposure with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion risk: A case-control study.
Xue X, Fang C, Zhou H … +3 more , Zhou H, Li W, Lei D
J Int Med Res · 2026 Jun · PMID 42304620 · Full text
ObjectiveUnexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion is a multifactorial condition with an unclear etiology. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between liver function biomarkers and unexplained recurrent spo...
ObjectiveUnexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion is a multifactorial condition with an unclear etiology. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between liver function biomarkers and unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion and explore interactions with tobacco exposure and body mass index.MethodsA retrospective case-control study was conducted on 2126 pregnant women, including 602 with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion and 1524 who served as controls. Liver enzyme indicators (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, and alkaline phosphatase) were assessed, and multivariate logistic regression models were applied to analyze their association with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion. Interaction analyses were performed to evaluate combined effects of liver enzyme abnormalities, tobacco exposure, and body mass index.ResultsLiver enzyme abnormalities (alanine aminotransferase level >32 U/L or aspartate aminotransferase level >28 U/L) were significantly associated with increased unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion risk (adjusted odds ratio = 2.15, 95% confidence interval: 1.68-2.76). A significant interaction between alanine aminotransferase elevation and tobacco exposure was observed 0.001). Among non-exposed women, elevated alanine aminotransferase levels were associated with an odds ratio of 1.8 (95% confidence interval: 1.2-2.7), whereas among tobacco-exposed women, the odds ratio was 5.2 (95% confidence interval: 3.1-8.7) ( for interaction <0.001). However, these interaction results warrant cautious interpretation due to the absence of quantitative tobacco exposure metrics. The alanine aminotransferase-body mass index interaction was not significant 0.179).ConclusionsElevated alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels are independently associated with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion, and tobacco exposure significantly strengthened this association. These findings suggest that liver function abnormalities and tobacco exposure are associated with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion risk. However, given the limitations associated with tobacco exposure measurement, these findings should be interpreted with caution.
Nonlinear association of the non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio with cognitive function in older Chinese adults: A prospective cohort study.
Cong X, Yang S, Chen Y … +1 more , Bi Y
J Int Med Res · 2026 Jun · PMID 42304619 · Full text
ObjectiveAlthough the non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) has emerged as a novel indicator of lipid metabolism, its specific correlation with cognitive function r...
ObjectiveAlthough the non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) has emerged as a novel indicator of lipid metabolism, its specific correlation with cognitive function remains unclear. This study aimed to comprehensively explore this association in an aging population.MethodsThis prospective cohort study comprised both cross-sectional (2015, n = 4605) and longitudinal (2018, n = 2362) analyses using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Regression analysis was performed to assess the association of the NHHR with cognitive performance and cognitive impairment. Restricted cubic spline models explored potential nonlinear associations. A logistic regression model was employed in the longitudinal research to examine the correlation between baseline NHHR levels and cognitive impairment during follow-up.ResultsNHHR was positively correlated with episodic memory (regression coefficient = 0.23, <0.01) and total cognition (regression coefficient = 0.28, <0.01) and inversely correlated with cognitive impairment (odds ratio = 0.89, =0.013). Restricted cubic spline analysis confirmed significant nonlinear relationships for these outcomes (<0.05). The protective effect of an elevated NHHR was most pronounced in prediabetic individuals, showing improved memory (regression coefficient = 0.33), total cognition (regression coefficient = 0.42), and reduced cognitive impairment (odds ratio = 0.79) (all < 0.01). Longitudinal associations with incident cognitive impairment lost significance after full covariate adjustment.ConclusionsNHHR exhibits a nonlinear association with cognitive function in older Chinese adults. Maintaining optimal NHHRs may benefit cognitive health, particularly in prediabetic individuals.
seed lectin inhibits oral squamous cell carcinoma tumorigenesis by suppressing N6-methyladenosine modification-mediated SRY-box transcription factor 2 expression.
Du Y, Yang H, Lian H … +4 more , Li D, Liu W, Zhao L, Zhang Y
J Int Med Res · 2026 Jun · PMID 42304618 · Full text
ObjectiveStudies have indicated that combining seed lectin with first-line chemotherapeutic agents enhances the efficacy of treatment for oral squamous cell carcinoma. The study aimed to investigate the underlying mecha...
ObjectiveStudies have indicated that combining seed lectin with first-line chemotherapeutic agents enhances the efficacy of treatment for oral squamous cell carcinoma. The study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanism of seed lectin in the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma.MethodsGene Expression Omnibus dataset mining, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and western blot analysis were performed to identify the expression of SRY-box transcription factor 2, methyltransferase 3, and YTH domain-containing protein 1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma. The N6-methyladenosine methylation levels of SRY-box transcription factor 2 were detected though methylated RNA immunoprecipitation. The effects of seed lectin and SRY-box transcription factor 2 on oral squamous cell carcinoma cells were determined via Cell Counting Kit-8 and colony formation assays.ResultsThe results demonstrated that increased expression of SRY-box transcription factor 2 in oral squamous cell carcinoma is correlated with elevated levels of N6-methyladenosine modification, and treatment with seed lectin reduces the N6-methyladenosine modification level and SRY-box transcription factor 2 expression. Moreover, overexpression of SRY-box transcription factor 2 reversed the inhibitory effects of seed lectin on oral squamous cell carcinoma cell proliferation and colony formation.Conclusions seed lectin may inhibit oral squamous cell carcinoma cell proliferation by suppressing N6-methyladenosine modification-mediated SRY-box transcription factor 2 expression, thereby improving chemotherapy sensitivity in oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Plasma soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 levels and clinical outcomes in acute decompensated heart failure: A retrospective cohort study.
Li J, Wang M, Ma J … +9 more , Zheng S, Chen Y, Yang F, Xie Y, Wu W, Yan M, Yang P, Zhai Z, Sun Y
J Int Med Res · 2026 Jun · PMID 42304617 · Full text
ObjectiveEmerging evidence suggests a potential role for soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (sTREM2) in cardiovascular pathophysiology. However, plasma sTREM2 levels in patients with acute decompens...
ObjectiveEmerging evidence suggests a potential role for soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (sTREM2) in cardiovascular pathophysiology. However, plasma sTREM2 levels in patients with acute decompensated heart failure and their possible association with adverse clinical outcomes have not been fully characterized.MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study, we enrolled patients with acute decompensated heart failure between 2020 and 2023 and defined a composite endpoint comprising all-cause mortality and heart failure-related readmission. Baseline plasma sTREM2 levels were compared across clinical categories and acute decompensated heart failure phenotypes using appropriate statistical tests. The prognostic value of sTREM2 was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier survival curves, restricted cubic splines, and Cox proportional hazards regression models. Model calibration was validated using bootstrap-corrected plots with 1000 resamples. Furthermore, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curves, net reclassification improvement, and integrated discrimination improvement were used to assess the incremental predictive value of sTREM2 over N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide. Finally, subgroup analyses were performed to assess the robustness of the findings.ResultsA total of 128 patients (median age, 75.5 years) were enrolled, with 58 (45.3%) reaching the composite endpoint during follow-up. Plasma sTREM2 levels were significantly higher in patients with acute decompensated heart failure than in healthy controls (<0.001) and showed a progressive increase with worsening New York Heart Association functional class. Multivariable Cox regression analysis demonstrated that each 50 pg/mL increment in sTREM2 was independently associated with an increased risk of the composite endpoint (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.594; 95% confidence interval: 1.170-2.173) and heart failure-related readmission (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.802; 95% confidence interval: 1.310-2.480). Restricted cubic spline analysis confirmed a linear association between sTREM2 levels and clinical outcomes (all for nonlinear > 0.05). Although adding sTREM2 to N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide did not significantly increase the area under the curve, it provided incremental predictive value for heart failure-related readmission. Subgroup analyses revealed no significant interactions (all for interaction>0.05).ConclusionOur findings demonstrate that sTREM2 is a potential biomarker in acute decompensated heart failure. Elevated sTREM2 levels are independently associated with an increased risk of adverse clinical outcomes, particularly heart failure-related readmission, underscoring its potential utility in risk stratification and clinical management of acute decompensated heart failure.
Contrast-induced encephalopathy presenting with refractory status epilepticus following endovascular coiling of an intracranial aneurysm: A case report and literature review.
Jing L, Zhao Z, Wan S … +2 more , Wang M, Shao G
J Int Med Res · 2026 Jun · PMID 42297389 · Full text
Acute symptomatic seizures as the main manifestation of contrast-induced encephalopathy are relatively uncommon. A 50-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with an unruptured right middle cerebral artery bifurcatio...
Acute symptomatic seizures as the main manifestation of contrast-induced encephalopathy are relatively uncommon. A 50-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with an unruptured right middle cerebral artery bifurcation aneurysm and underwent elective endovascular stent-assisted coiling. The interventional procedure was uneventful; however, she developed generalized tonic-clonic seizures consistent with status epilepticus on the first postoperative day. A computed tomography scan obtained on postoperative day 1 revealed mild edema in the right cerebral hemisphere, suggestive of contrast-induced encephalopathy. Following prompt antiepileptic therapy and supportive care, the patient achieved complete neurological recovery without residual deficits. By reporting this case and reviewing relevant literature, we summarize the clinical characteristics of contrast-induced encephalopathy presenting primarily with seizures, thereby providing clinical evidence to assist clinicians in the early diagnosis and optimal management of this condition.
Metastasis-associated protein 1 rewires prostate cancer transcriptomes via direct RNA interactions governing gene expression and alternative splicing.
Qu G, Li F, Wu B … +3 more , Li E, Xu S, Chen L
J Int Med Res · 2026 Jun · PMID 42297388 · Full text
ObjectiveThis study investigated whether metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1) acts as an RNA-binding protein to directly regulate gene expression and alternative splicing in prostate cancer, thereby exploring its dual...
ObjectiveThis study investigated whether metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1) acts as an RNA-binding protein to directly regulate gene expression and alternative splicing in prostate cancer, thereby exploring its dual transcriptional and post-transcriptional roles.MethodsMTA1-stable-knockdown PC-3 cells were subjected to RNA sequencing and formaldehyde RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing to characterize the MTA1-RNA interactome and its functional significance.ResultsMTA1 knockdown dysregulated 1248 genes and 2367 alternative splicing events. Differentially expressed genes were enriched in extracellular matrix remodeling, PI3K-Akt signaling, and hypoxia-response pathways, whereas alternatively spliced genes were associated with spliceosome and RNA-processing pathways. Formaldehyde RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing confirmed MTA1 binding to GC-rich RNA motifs, with significant overlap between MTA1-bound targets and dysregulated genes or splicing events. Representative findings included MTA1 binding to the 3' untranslated region of COL6A1, resulting in its downregulation, and regulation of SNHG17 splicing, indicating direct roles in RNA stability and splicing regulation.ConclusionMTA1 functions as both an epigenetic modulator and an RNA-binding protein in prostate cancer, directly regulating RNA networks that promote tumor progression. These findings reveal novel RNA-mediated oncogenic mechanisms and highlight the therapeutic potential of MTA1 in prostate cancer.
A novel variant associated with primary brain calcification: A case report.
Chen L, Liu J, Wei S … +1 more , He J
J Int Med Res · 2026 Jun · PMID 42297387 · Full text
A female patient in her late 50s was admitted with sudden-onset speech impairment. Brain computed tomography identified multiple intracranial calcifications alongside an acute ischemic lesion in the left frontoparietal r...
A female patient in her late 50s was admitted with sudden-onset speech impairment. Brain computed tomography identified multiple intracranial calcifications alongside an acute ischemic lesion in the left frontoparietal region. Whole-genome sequencing revealed a novel frameshift variant in the SLC20A2 gene (c.1089del, p.Ile363MetfsTer92), which is associated with primary brain calcification. The variant was also detected in the patient's son and eldest daughter. Both of them demonstrated multiple intracranial calcifications on computed tomography, whereas the second daughter tested negative for the variant and showed no radiologic evidence of calcification. According to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guidelines, the variant was classified as likely pathogenic. This case report documents a novel loss-of-function variant in and expands the mutational spectrum of primary brain calcification. These findings highlight the clinical utility of genetic testing for diagnosis and genetic counseling in patients with primary brain calcification.
Prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling of a 16q24.3 microdeletion in a Chinese family.
Wu W, Zuo Y, Jin J
J Int Med Res · 2026 Jun · PMID 42297386 · Full text
BackgroundCopy number variations represent a key source of genomic variability, encompassing both benign and pathogenic alterations. Accurate interpretation of copy number variations identified through prenatal screening...
BackgroundCopy number variations represent a key source of genomic variability, encompassing both benign and pathogenic alterations. Accurate interpretation of copy number variations identified through prenatal screening is critical for effective genetic consultation and clinical management. Microdeletions within the 16q24.3 locus remain understudied, thereby complicating genetic counseling for affected cases. This study describes the prenatal diagnostic workup and genetic counseling process for a Chinese family with a fetus carrying a de novo 16q24.3 microdeletion.ConclusionConventional cytogenetic techniques exhibit limited sensitivity for the detection of chromosomal microdeletions and microduplications. A multimodal approach integrating prenatal ultrasound, karyotyping, chromosomal microarray analysis, and genetic counseling enhances the diagnostic accuracy of such chromosomal anomalies during pregnancy.
Transforming perioperative care: The current landscape and future trajectory of artificial intelligence in anesthesia-A narrative review.
Zhang P, Wu L, Liao Y … +1 more , Li H
J Int Med Res · 2026 Jun · PMID 42297385 · Full text
This narrative review examined how artificial intelligence is increasingly being applied in anesthesiology to support clinical decision-making across the perioperative period. It outlines current applications of artifici...
This narrative review examined how artificial intelligence is increasingly being applied in anesthesiology to support clinical decision-making across the perioperative period. It outlines current applications of artificial intelligence in preoperative risk assessment, intraoperative monitoring and automation, and postoperative complication prediction. We also examined the underlying artificial intelligence architectures that form the technical foundations of these tools, including machine learning, deep learning, and natural language processing. We propose that in the future, rather than narrow task-specific tools, artificial intelligence in anesthesiology should involve the development and clinical translation of large, generalizable foundation models capable of integrating multimodal perioperative data. In addition, developments in multimodal data integration, closed-loop control systems, and interpretable modeling may further refine these approaches. Further progress in artificial intelligence-driven anesthesiology may require multidisciplinary collaboration, prospective clinical validation, and careful integration into perioperative workflows to ensure safe and clinically meaningful adoption.
Association between remnant cholesterol level and gout in US adults.
Xu Y, Ye J, Chen S
J Int Med Res · 2026 Jun · PMID 42297384 · Full text
BackgroundGout is a common metabolic condition defined by high levels of uric acid in the blood and is linked to notable comorbidities. Despite extensive research on lipid metabolism and gout, the relationship between le...
BackgroundGout is a common metabolic condition defined by high levels of uric acid in the blood and is linked to notable comorbidities. Despite extensive research on lipid metabolism and gout, the relationship between levels of remnant cholesterol, a non-traditional lipid marker, and gout remains unexplored.MethodsIn this cross-sectional analysis, a total of 11,685 adults aged ≥20 years were selected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey datasets spanning 2007 to 2018. To investigate the link between remnant cholesterol level and gout, multivariate logistic regression models were employed, adjusting for demographic, lifestyle, and health-related covariates. Dose-response associations were examined using restricted cubic spline analysis, and subgroup analyses were performed to examine potential effect modifiers. In addition, mediation analyses were conducted to assess whether body mass index and serum uric acid levels partially mediated the observed association.ResultsElevated remnant cholesterol levels showed a significant relationship with a higher prevalence of gout (odds ratio = 1.01, 95% confidence interval: 1.01-1.02, per 1-mg/dL increase in remnant cholesterol level). Participants in the top quartile of remnant cholesterol level had 65% greater odds of gout than those in the bottom quartile (odds ratio = 1.65, 95% confidence interval: 1.24-2.19, for trend <0.001). Restricted cubic spline analysis demonstrated a linear positive relationship between remnant cholesterol level and gout. Subgroup analyses and interaction tests demonstrated the robustness of this association across diverse population subgroups. Further mediation analyses indicated that body mass index and serum uric acid levels mediated for 23% and 40% of the total effect of remnant cholesterol level on gout, respectively.ConclusionThis study is the first to reveal a significant positive association between remnant cholesterol and gout in US adults, with body mass index and serum uric acid levels acting as partial mediators of this relationship. These findings highlight the potential value of remnant cholesterol as a novel risk marker for gout.
Risk stratification in colorectal cancer: A retrospective cohort study of nomograms based on inflammatory and immunohematological biomarkers.
Tang J, Xiang M, Xiong G … +7 more , Chen L, Liao Y, Shen X, Li R, Lin Y, Zhang K, Xie L
J Int Med Res · 2026 Jun · PMID 42297383 · Full text
ObjectiveInflammation and immunohematological biomarkers are recognized as contributing factors in the progression of solid tumors. This study aimed to develop nomograms incorporating inflammatory and immunohematological...
ObjectiveInflammation and immunohematological biomarkers are recognized as contributing factors in the progression of solid tumors. This study aimed to develop nomograms incorporating inflammatory and immunohematological biomarkers to predict the prognosis of colorectal cancer.MethodsWe retrospectively enrolled 432 patients with colorectal cancer at Yunnan Cancer Hospital from January 2019 to December 2022. Clinicopathologic data and blood samples were obtained at initial diagnosis before any treatment, and therapy was initiated within 3 days. Patients with prior therapy, secondary cancers, or systemic conditions affecting hematology were excluded. Metastases were confirmed by pathology or imaging, and overall survival and progression-free survival were recorded through follow-up. Multivariate logistic and Cox regression analyses, nomogram construction, and internal validation with 1000-bootstrap resampling were performed using R, with risk groups defined by receiver operating characteristic curve-derived cutoffs.ResultsIn the training cohort, the model accuracy for predicting distant metastasis was 66.25%. The concordance index values for the three nomograms were 0.791 (95% confidence interval, 0.745-0.838), 0.752 (95% confidence interval, 0.699-0.806), and 0.687 (95% confidence interval, 0.647-0.726), respectively. Calibration plots showed strong agreement between predicted and observed outcomes, while decision curve analysis indicated potential clinical utility. Subgroup analyses confirmed that the nomograms were effective prognostic indicators across stage I-IV colorectal cancer patients (P < 0.05).ConclusionSingle or combined hematological indicators are readily obtainable and feasible and possess high prognostic value. Nomograms based on cancer-associated inflammatory factors and immunohematological biomarkers demonstrated robust accuracy in predicting distant metastasis, overall survival, and progression-free survival in patients with colorectal cancer. These tools may assist clinicians in risk stratification and treatment decision-making, ultimately supporting improved oncological outcomes.
Atypical multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children presenting with 1-month persistent fever in a 17-month-old: A case report.
Katranjy MN, Alabdlilrazzak A, Alharbi M … +3 more , Alras AA, Warrar G, Alharroush F
J Int Med Res · 2026 Jun · PMID 42297382 · Full text
Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children is a serious complication associated with coronavirus disease 2019 that commonly affects individuals under 19 years of age. This condition can present with a wide spectrum of...
Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children is a serious complication associated with coronavirus disease 2019 that commonly affects individuals under 19 years of age. This condition can present with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, some of which may be severe or life-threatening. Management can be challenging due to the variability in clinical presentation and response to therapy. This report describes the case of a toddler with no previously documented severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection who presented with a 30-day relapsing fever that demonstrated partial response to antipyretics and was associated with gastrointestinal symptoms and a skin rash. Following extensive clinical and laboratory investigations, the patient was diagnosed with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and was successfully treated with intravenous immunoglobulin and corticosteroids.
Pulmonary fibrosis: Emerging targets and novel therapeutics.
Sun Y, Li L
J Int Med Res · 2026 Jun · PMID 42297381 · Full text
Pulmonary fibrosis, particularly idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, is a progressive and fatal interstitial lung disease with limited curative therapies. This narrative review provides a concise overview of emerging molecula...
Pulmonary fibrosis, particularly idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, is a progressive and fatal interstitial lung disease with limited curative therapies. This narrative review provides a concise overview of emerging molecular targets and novel therapeutic strategies for pulmonary fibrosis, including mesenchymal stem cell therapy and nanomaterial-based inhalation systems, focusing on their mechanisms, preclinical evidence, and clinical potential. We highlight critical challenges in translating preclinical discoveries into clinical benefit, such as animal model limitations and patient heterogeneity, and outline future research priorities. Notably, this review is not a systematic review; it does not include formal meta-analysis or a comprehensive literature search following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, which may have introduced selection bias. Thus, findings should be interpreted with appropriate caution.
Cytomegalovirus prophylaxis using low-dose and ultra-low-dose valganciclovir for patients who have undergone allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A retrospective study.
Tseng WH, Lin CH, Su YC … +2 more , Teng LC, Teng CJ
J Int Med Res · 2026 Jun · PMID 42286861 · Full text
ObjectiveCytomegalovirus reactivation is a clinically significant complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Valganciclovir is commonly used for cytomegalovirus prophylaxis; however, the optim...
ObjectiveCytomegalovirus reactivation is a clinically significant complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Valganciclovir is commonly used for cytomegalovirus prophylaxis; however, the optimal dosing strategy remains unclear. This study compared the efficacy and safety of ultra-low-dose valganciclovir (450 mg every other day) and low-dose valganciclovir (450 mg daily) in preventing cytomegalovirus reactivation after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed adult patients who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from January 2020 to December 2023. Individuals receiving low-dose (n = 31) or ultra-low-dose (n = 35) valganciclovir as cytomegalovirus prophylaxis were included. Cytomegalovirus DNAemia was evaluated within the first 14 weeks and then at 14-28 weeks after transplantation. Cytomegalovirus disease, acute graft-versus-host disease, survival outcomes, and hematologic toxicities were also assessed.ResultsThe prevalence of early cytomegalovirus reactivation was 13.8% in the low-dose group and 20.0% in the ultra-low-dose group ( = 0.301). Late reactivation rates were similarly low in the low-dose and ultra-low-dose groups (3.6% vs. 6.2%, = 1.000). Hematologic adverse events were comparable; however, treatment discontinuation due to cytopenia was significantly more common with low-dose therapy (48.4% vs. 17.1%, = 0.007). Overall survival (80.6% vs. 75.8%, = 0.839) and acute graft-versus-host disease (29.1% vs. 45.7%, = 0.381) rates did not exhibit statistically significant differences between the two groups.ConclusionsUltra-low-dose valganciclovir demonstrated better tolerability but may provide less protection against cytomegalovirus reactivation.
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