The Journal Of International Medical Research[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
When hearing loss mimics autism: Enlarged vestibular aqueduct syndrome in an 11-year-old child-A case report.
Alras A, Alfandi A, Khattab K … +9 more , Hejaze B, Almoazen S, AlHourani AA, Abo Al Shamat A, Jumaa A, Alsharef Y, Alras T, Almukbel R, Othman H
J Int Med Res · 2026 Jun · PMID 42237071 · Full text
The relationship between auditory input and cognitive development is fundamental, as early sensory deprivation can impair social communication and mimic neurodevelopmental disorders. Comprehensive audiological assessment...
The relationship between auditory input and cognitive development is fundamental, as early sensory deprivation can impair social communication and mimic neurodevelopmental disorders. Comprehensive audiological assessment is critical for children suspected of autism spectrum disorder to prevent "diagnostic overshadowing," where behavioral symptoms of hearing loss-such as social withdrawal and speech delay-are mislabeled as neurodevelopmental deficits. Although autism spectrum disorder involves social communication deficits under DSM-5 criteria, congenital progressive sensorineural hearing loss often presents with similar clinical features. Enlarged vestibular aqueduct syndrome is the most common congenital inner ear anomaly associated with progressive hearing loss and must be considered in differential diagnoses. This report describes a patient in his early teens, misdiagnosed with autism spectrum disorder for 8 years, whose diagnosis was corrected to enlarged vestibular aqueduct syndrome based on high-resolution imaging. Early identification is vital for timely interventions such as cochlear implantation.
Clinical and lifestyle characteristics associated with older age among tuberculosis patients with diabetes in Bangladesh: An analytical cross-sectional study.
Habib MA, Efa SS, Afrin K … +2 more , Islam N, Hossain MD
J Int Med Res · 2026 Jun · PMID 42237070 · Full text
ObjectiveStudies on the clinical and lifestyle characteristics of tuberculosis patients with diabetes mellitus in Bangladesh remain limited. This study compared the demographic, clinical, and lifestyle characteristics be...
ObjectiveStudies on the clinical and lifestyle characteristics of tuberculosis patients with diabetes mellitus in Bangladesh remain limited. This study compared the demographic, clinical, and lifestyle characteristics between older and younger tuberculosis patients with diabetes mellitus.MethodsThis multicenter analytical cross-sectional study was conducted from January to December 2024 in 18 centers of the Diabetic Association of Bangladesh. Adult patients with a history of completed tuberculosis treatment and diabetes diagnosed >2 weeks after initiation of tuberculosis treatment were considered eligible. Among 393 eligible participants, all 80 patients aged ≥50 years were included. For balanced comparison, 80 participants aged <50 years were selected from the remaining eligible pool. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a pretested semistructured questionnaire and checklist. Categorical variables were compared using the chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. Multivariable binary logistic regression was used to identify characteristics independently associated with older age. Written informed consent was obtained, and ethical issues were maintained.ResultsMale patients were predominant in both older (80.0%) and younger (93.8%) tuberculosis patients with diabetes mellitus. Pulmonary tuberculosis was more common in younger patients (97.5%), while family history of diabetes (46.3%) and comorbidity (47.5%) were more common in older patients with diabetes mellitus. Moreover, occupation, body mass index category, physical inactivity, family history of diabetes, comorbidity, and type of tuberculosis were found to be significant (p < 0.05) between older and younger patients. In multivariable analysis, family history of diabetes (adjusted odds ratio = 3.873, p = 0.001) and pulmonary tuberculosis classification (adjusted odds ratio = 12.820, p = 0.003) remained independently associated with older age.ConclusionFamily history of diabetes and type of tuberculosis were found to be independently associated with older tuberculosis patients with diabetes mellitus. These findings may help inform age-sensitive screening, referral, and follow-up strategies for integrated tuberculosis-diabetes mellitus care; however, larger and more representative studies are warranted.
Treatment of hepatic hemangiomas in the era of laparoscopic surgery: Enucleation versus hepatectomy.
Jiang B, Liu J, Yan XF … +3 more , Xi SH, Fang XS, Wang XM
J Int Med Res · 2026 Jun · PMID 42237069 · Full text
ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic enucleation versus laparoscopic hepatectomy for hepatic hemangioma using propensity score matching to adjust for confounding factors.MethodsThis retrospective...
ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic enucleation versus laparoscopic hepatectomy for hepatic hemangioma using propensity score matching to adjust for confounding factors.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study used data from consecutive patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery for pathologically confirmed hepatic hemangioma at our hospital from January 2019 to December 2023. Patients were divided into laparoscopic hepatectomy and laparoscopic enucleation groups. Propensity score matching (1:1 nearest neighbor matching) was performed to balance the confounding variables. Balance was assessed using standardized mean differences. Perioperative indicators of the matched cohorts were statistically analyzed.ResultsIn total, 100 patients (40 with laparoscopic enucleation and 60 with laparoscopic hepatectomy) were initially included, with 34 pairs (68 patients) successfully matched. Laparoscopic enucleation was associated with superior outcomes in terms of intraoperative blood loss (median (interquartile range): 100.0 (50.0-200.0) mL vs. 400.0 (100.0-600.0) mL, = 0.001), blood transfusion rate (11.8% vs. 47.1%, = 0.003), and postoperative hospital stay (5.0 (4.0-6.0) days vs. 7.0 (5.0-8.0) days, = 0.004). There were no significant differences in the operative time, hepatic vascular occlusion time, and postoperative complication rate between the groups. No postoperative complications occurred in either group after propensity score matching, precluding meaningful comparison of safety profiles. No mortality was observed within 30 days postoperatively.ConclusionAfter propensity score matching, laparoscopic enucleation for hepatic hemangioma was associated with lower intraoperative blood loss, reduced transfusion requirement, and shorter hospital stay compared with laparoscopic hepatectomy, with similar complication rates and short-term mortality. These findings should be interpreted cautiously due to the retrospective study design and limitations associated with propensity score matching.
Effect of injectable platelet-rich fibrin on orthodontically induced apical root resorption following non-extraction-based orthodontic treatment in adults: A randomized controlled clinical trial.
Idris MI, Burhan AS, Hajeer MY … +1 more , Nawaya FR
J Int Med Res · 2026 May · PMID 42219245 · Full text
ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of repeated submucosal administration of injectable platelet-rich fibrin in the buccal region of the lower incisors on orthodontically induced apical root resorption in patients with mo...
ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of repeated submucosal administration of injectable platelet-rich fibrin in the buccal region of the lower incisors on orthodontically induced apical root resorption in patients with moderate crowding.MethodsThirty-six patients (8 males and 28 females; mean age, 20.22 ± 2.55 years) with Class l malocclusion and moderate mandibular incisors crowding (4-6 mm) were included. Participants were randomly assigned to the control or 4-time injectable platelet-rich fibrin group. Fixed orthodontic treatment was performed, and the injection was administered directly after bonding the mandibular brackets during four sessions conducted at 28-day intervals. The orthodontically induced root resorption was assessed using cone-beam computed tomography images by measuring the root length.ResultsAll 36 patients completed the orthodontic treatment. The average root resorption of the lower incisors was 0.53 ± 0.09 mm ( < 0.001) and 0.49 ± 0.08 mm ( < 0.001) in the control and experimental groups, respectively. However, no significant difference was observed between the study groups regarding the reduction in tooth length after the orthodontic treatment (mean difference 0.04 mm; = 0.741).ConclusionHerein, repeated administration of injectable platelet-rich fibrin was not effective in decreasing apical root resorption following orthodontic treatment. This study was registered in the ClinicalTrials.gov registry (NCT07352241).
Childhood Ayme-Gripp syndrome: A case report.
Xu J, Song X, Jia W … +1 more , Zou C
J Int Med Res · 2026 May · PMID 42219244 · Full text
Ayme-Gripp syndrome is a rare genetic disorder caused by mutations in the musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma gene. This report presents a detailed case of a 12-year-old boy with Ayme-Gripp syndrome who was found to carry a...
Ayme-Gripp syndrome is a rare genetic disorder caused by mutations in the musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma gene. This report presents a detailed case of a 12-year-old boy with Ayme-Gripp syndrome who was found to carry a pathogenic c.176C>A (p.Pro59His) variant in the musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma gene. His clinical phenotype included the most severe short stature documented to date as well as previously underreported features such as epileptic seizures, in addition to the classic findings of hearing loss, intellectual disability, and craniofacial/skeletal malformations. The patient's epilepsy was effectively managed with sodium valproate, alongside comprehensive supportive care. This case highlights the broad phenotypic variability associated with musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma gene mutations and underscores the importance of deep phenotyping in expanding our understanding of ultra-rare disorders such as Ayme-Gripp syndrome.
Machine learning models for predicting postoperative delirium after noncardiac surgery: A comparative study.
Yang Y, Zhu P
J Int Med Res · 2026 May · PMID 42219241 · Full text
BackgroundPostoperative delirium is a frequent and serious complication after noncardiac surgery, linked to increased morbidity, prolonged hospitalization, and long-term cognitive decline. Although several prediction mod...
BackgroundPostoperative delirium is a frequent and serious complication after noncardiac surgery, linked to increased morbidity, prolonged hospitalization, and long-term cognitive decline. Although several prediction models have demonstrated good discriminative ability in external validation, challenges remain regarding implementation across clinical settings and model interpretability. This study compared three machine learning models-eXtreme Gradient Boosting, logistic regression, and support vector machine-for early postoperative delirium prediction.MethodsA retrospective cohort of 143 adults undergoing elective noncardiac surgery was analyzed (incidence of postoperative delirium = 15.4%). Data regarding 11 perioperative variables, including age, American Society of Anesthesiologists class, Mini-Mental State Examination score, surgery duration, and lowest intraoperative mean arterial pressure, were collected. Data were split in an 80:20 ratio into training and validation sets. Performance was assessed using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and calibration. Shapley Additive Explanations analysis evaluated feature contributions.ResultsAge, Mini-Mental State Examination score, hemoglobin, surgery duration, opioid dose, lowest mean arterial pressure, blood loss, and American Society of Anesthesiologists class were significant predictors. eXtreme Gradient Boosting achieved the best validation performance (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.852; 95% confidence interval = 0.781-0.923), outperforming logistic regression (0.715) and support vector machine (0.698), with good calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow, = 0.89). Shapley Additive Explanations identified age, Mini-Mental State Examination score, and lowest mean arterial pressure as the most influential features.ConclusioneXtreme Gradient Boosting is an accurate and interpretable tool for postoperative delirium risk prediction, capturing complex nonlinear interactions and supporting targeted perioperative prevention.
Papillary thyroid carcinoma with coexisting venous hemangioma mimicking locally invasive disease: A case report.
Lim JW, Kim HS, Kim YH … +3 more , Jung KC, Kim JH, Seok J
J Int Med Res · 2026 May · PMID 42219240 · Full text
Primary thyroid hemangioma is a rare entity whose radiologic and intraoperative features may resemble those of a malignant disease, increasing the risk of misdiagnosis. Herein, we report a case of papillary thyroid carci...
Primary thyroid hemangioma is a rare entity whose radiologic and intraoperative features may resemble those of a malignant disease, increasing the risk of misdiagnosis. Herein, we report a case of papillary thyroid carcinoma coexisting with a venous hemangioma that mimicked locally invasive cancer, which complicated surgical planning. A 48-year-old man presented with a thyroid nodule confirmed as papillary thyroid carcinoma. Preoperative imaging suggested extrathyroidal extension toward the esophagus and trachea, raising concern for locally invasive disease. Because vascular features were also suspected, total thyroidectomy was planned with an intraoperative reassessment of the surgical extent. Intraoperatively, the lesion was identified as a dilated vascular structure rather than an infiltrative tumor, allowing the procedure to be limited to thyroidectomy. Final histopathology confirmed papillary thyroid carcinoma with a coexisting venous hemangioma without true capsular invasion. This case highlights an important diagnostic pitfall: vascular lesions may mimic aggressive thyroid carcinoma and lead to overtreatment. A careful integration of imaging, intraoperative assessment, and pathology is essential for the appropriate management of primary thyroid hemangioma.
Effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors on cardiovascular outcomes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and trial sequential analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Lin CC, Sung HL, Huang PY … +3 more , Lai CC, Wei YF, Fu PK
J Int Med Res · 2026 May · PMID 42219239 · Publisher ↗
ObjectiveSodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors are widely used in the management of diabetes mellitus and have demonstrated substantial cardiovascular and renal protective effects, particularly in patients with heart...
ObjectiveSodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors are widely used in the management of diabetes mellitus and have demonstrated substantial cardiovascular and renal protective effects, particularly in patients with heart failure. However, their impact on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease remains insufficiently characterized.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to evaluate the efficacy and safety of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The primary outcome was the composite cardiovascular outcome (defined as cardiovascular mortality and total hospitalization for heart failure). Secondary outcomes included all-cause mortality, cardiovascular death, hospitalization for heart failure, and adverse events.ResultsThree randomized controlled trials involving 1986 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were included; in total, 1113 patients received sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors treatment and 873 received placebo. Compared with the placebo, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors significantly reduced the risk of the composite cardiovascular outcome (risk ratio, 0.76; 95% confidence interval: 0.65-0.87; < 0.001) and hospitalization for heart failure (risk ratio, 0.69; 95% confidence interval: 0.58-0.83; < 0.001). Although not statistically significant, trends toward reduced all-cause mortality (risk ratio, 0.89; 95% confidence interval: 0.73-1.08; = 0.23) and cardiovascular death (risk ratio, 0.96; 95% confidence interval: 0.74-1.24; = 0.73) were observed. The incidence of adverse events was comparable between the two groups.ConclusionsThe use of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors is associated with a reduced risk of composite cardiovascular outcomes and hospitalization for heart failure in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, without an increased risk of adverse events. However, given the limited number of available trials, these findings should be interpreted with caution, and further large-scale studies are warranted. CRD42024545310.
Association of physical function and sleep with oxidative stress in adults with chronic pain: A pragmatic clinical trial secondary analysis.
Snow TJ, Shimada S, Ieronimakis N … +6 more , Tintle N, Flynn DM, Wi D, Ransom JC, McQuinn HM, Doorenbos AZ
J Int Med Res · 2026 May · PMID 42219238 · Full text
ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the potential utility of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine as a biomarker for pain-related functional outcomes.MethodsThis is a secondary analysis of a pragmatic clinical trial that recrui...
ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the potential utility of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine as a biomarker for pain-related functional outcomes.MethodsThis is a secondary analysis of a pragmatic clinical trial that recruited active duty service members with chronic pain. Participants underwent a 6-week interdisciplinary pain management program and completed measures of sleep-related function and physical function, including objective measures of treadmill, lift, and carry battery. Urine samples were collected at baseline and 6 weeks. We estimated partial correlations among changes in 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, sleep-related function, and physical function, adjusting for baseline 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and participant demographics. Given the exploratory nature of this study, we used a significance threshold of p < 0.10.ResultsChanges in 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine levels were negatively associated with changes in sleep-related function at both 3 weeks (r = -0.17; 90% confidence interval: -0.3 to -0.03) and 6 weeks (partial r = -0.24; 90% confidence interval: -0.38 to -0.1). Participants' sleep-related function and physical function improved from baseline to 3 and 6 weeks (<0.001), whereas 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine levels decreased over time.ConclusionsAmong active duty service members with chronic pain, changes in physical function and sleep-related function were associated with changes in oxidative stress. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT03297905.
Computed tomography-detected concurrent emphysematous cholecystitis and cholangitis with surgically proven ischemic bowel: A case report.
Wu CH, Wong YC, Lin BC … +1 more , Kang SC
J Int Med Res · 2026 May · PMID 42219236 · Full text
ObjectiveTo describe a rare case of concurrent emphysematous cholecystitis, emphysematous cholangitis, and ischemic bowel in an older patient. An 88-year-old man with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis presented wit...
ObjectiveTo describe a rare case of concurrent emphysematous cholecystitis, emphysematous cholangitis, and ischemic bowel in an older patient. An 88-year-old man with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis presented with abdominal pain and altered mental status. Computed tomography revealed intramural gas in the gallbladder and distal common bile duct. Emergency laparotomy confirmed a gangrenous gallbladder and ischemic bowel. Bile cultures grew and . Postoperative bile leakage was successfully managed using endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and biliary stenting.ConclusionsEmphysematous cholangitis is a life-threatening condition requiring prompt computed tomography-based diagnosis and urgent multidisciplinary management with antibiotics, surgery, and endoscopic intervention.
Corrigendum to "emphysematous gastritis: the silent storm within the stomach wall".
J Int Med Res · 2026 May · PMID 42218896 · Full text
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Effect of adding dexmedetomidine to fascia iliaca compartment block on postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing femoral fractures surgery: A randomized double-blind clinical trial.
Karami N, Karami T, Taleb H … +1 more , Ghodratizadeh M
J Int Med Res · 2026 May · PMID 42200281 · Full text
BackgroundIn this study we investigated the effect of adding dexmedetomidine to fascia iliaca compartment block on postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing femoral fracture surgery.MethodsIn this double-blind rando...
BackgroundIn this study we investigated the effect of adding dexmedetomidine to fascia iliaca compartment block on postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing femoral fracture surgery.MethodsIn this double-blind randomized clinical trial study, 70 patients aged 20-75 years, classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I and II who were scheduled to undergo femoral fracture surgery under spinal anesthesia were included. Patients were divided into intervention and control groups using the block randomization method (35 patients in each group). In the intervention group, fascia iliaca block was performed using 20 cc of 0.25% bupivacaine with 0.5 cc of 50 μg dexmedetomidine (fascia iliaca compartment block + dexmedetomidine group), and in the control group, the block was performed using 20 cc of 0.25% bupivacaine alone (fascia iliaca block group). The outcomes, including the average time to achieve sensory block, analgesia duration, number of times rescue analgesia was needed, time to first rescue analgesia, and pain severity assessed using the visual analog scale within 24 h postoperatively, were measured and compared between the two groups.ResultsThe demographic data and time to reach sensory block were not significantly different between the two groups ( > 0.05). The mean analgesia duration in the fascia iliaca compartment block + dexmedetomidine group was significantly longer than that in the fascia iliaca block group (11.42 ± 1.65 vs. 9.26 ± 1.39 h; = 0.001). An analgesic was prescribed for 11.4% and 31.4% of the patients 2-6 h postoperatively and for 54.3% and 77.1% at 6-12 h postoperatively in the fascia iliaca compartment block + dexmedetomidine and fascia iliaca block groups, respectively, representing a statistically significant difference between the two groups ( = 0.03). The visual analogue scale scores while in recovery, at 2 h postoperatively, and at 12-24 h postoperatively did not show a statistically significant difference between the two groups ( > 0.05); however, patients in the fascia iliaca compartment block group had significantly higher pain scores than those in the fascia iliaca compartment block + dexmedetomidine group at 2-6 h and 6-12 h postoperatively ( < 0.05).ConclusionAddition of dexmedetomidine to bupivacaine in the fascia iliaca block in femoral fracture surgeries reduces the severity of postoperative pain and need for analgesics and increases the analgesia duration.
Virtual cell: Current perspectives and future prospects.
Li J, Zhang H, Zhang W … +3 more , Li N, Zhao F, Shen G
J Int Med Res · 2026 May · PMID 42200280 · Full text
Virtual cell is an emerging technology that integrates multiple disciplines, including biology, computer science, and artificial intelligence, to simulate cellular structures and functions. Compared with traditional meth...
Virtual cell is an emerging technology that integrates multiple disciplines, including biology, computer science, and artificial intelligence, to simulate cellular structures and functions. Compared with traditional methods, virtual cell technology offers a more holistic approach, enabling efficient simulation of cellular dynamics and prediction of biological phenomena. This technology holds significant potential in fields such as precision medicine, drug discovery, and synthetic biology. The development of virtual cells is driven by advancements in single-cell sequencing, subcellular imaging, and computational power, with platforms such as environment for cell simulation (E-Cell) and cell packing (CellPACK) enabling simulations across multiple biological scales. However, challenges remain, including data integration, model interpretability, and computational costs. Despite these challenges, virtual cell technology has made advances in drug development, disease research, and synthetic biology, offering a promising tool for personalized medicine and improving research accuracy. In the future, virtual cell technology is expected to find broader applications in cross-species simulations, quantum computing, and interdisciplinary collaborations.
Corrigendum to "Somatosensory evoked potential monitoring for position-related brachial plexus injury during cerebellopontine angle tumor resection: A retrospective cohort study".
J Int Med Res · 2026 May · PMID 42179244 · Full text
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Hemoglobin-to-red cell distribution width ratio and sleep duration as predictors of pneumonia: Evidence from NHANES 2011-2018.
Jiang Y, Chen C
J Int Med Res · 2026 May · PMID 42178650 · Full text
ObjectivePneumonia remains a significant global health burden; however, accessible and robust predictors of community screening are limited. This study aimed to investigate the individual and synergistic associations of...
ObjectivePneumonia remains a significant global health burden; however, accessible and robust predictors of community screening are limited. This study aimed to investigate the individual and synergistic associations of the hemoglobin-to-red cell distribution width ratio-a marker of systemic inflammation-and sleep duration with pneumonia prevalence using a nationally representative sample.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 39,156 adult participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2018. To address potential selection bias from missing data, Multiple Imputation by Chained Equations (MICE) was employed to retain the full cohort. Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline analyses were used to assess independent associations. Machine learning (XGBoost) models were developed to evaluate predictive performance and feature interactions.ResultsBoth lower hemoglobin-to-red cell distribution width ratio and shorter sleep duration were significantly associated with increased pneumonia prevalence. In the fully adjusted logistic models, the association between hemoglobin-to-red cell distribution width ratio and pneumonia remained significant, although they were slightly attenuated after adjusting for metabolic comorbidities. The XGBoost model demonstrated consistent predictive performance and identified a complex nonlinear interaction between hemoglobin-to-red cell distribution width ratio and sleep duration.ConclusionsShort sleep duration independently predicts pneumonia risk, while low hemoglobin-to-red cell distribution width ratio shows a potential indirect effect through metabolic pathways. Hemoglobin-to-red cell distribution width ratio and sleep metrics may serve as accessible, low-cost markers for pneumonia screening in community populations.
Correlation between hyperuricemia and coronary artery calcification.
Zhong Z, Zhang F, Hu X … +2 more , He J, Nie L
J Int Med Res · 2026 May · PMID 42178649 · Full text
This review aims to systematically explore the association between hyperuricemia and the degree of coronary artery calcification. We conducted a narrative review of scientific studies published over the past 5 years that...
This review aims to systematically explore the association between hyperuricemia and the degree of coronary artery calcification. We conducted a narrative review of scientific studies published over the past 5 years that examined the relationship between hyperuricemia and coronary artery calcification. The focus was on synthesizing evidence from epidemiological investigations, mechanistic studies, and clinical trials. Recent evidence confirms a significant epidemiological association between elevated serum uric acid levels and the prevalence and progression of coronary artery calcification. Mechanistic studies have identified multiple pathways through which uric acid promotes calcification, including inducing oxidative stress, causing endothelial dysfunction, triggering the phenotypic transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells into osteoblast-like cells, and fostering chronic inflammation. Hyperuricemia contributes to the development and progression of coronary artery calcification through a complex interplay of pathological mechanisms.
Infantile dilated cardiomyopathy caused by RPL3L gene mutation: A case report.
Mai B, Lei Z, Qin S … +3 more , Yang G, Zhu N, Lin W
J Int Med Res · 2026 May · PMID 42156347 · Full text
Ribosomal protein L3-like gene mutations have been implicated in early-onset severe dilated cardiomyopathy (OMIM #115200). This report describes an infant with dilated cardiomyopathy resulting from RPL3L gene mutations....
Ribosomal protein L3-like gene mutations have been implicated in early-onset severe dilated cardiomyopathy (OMIM #115200). This report describes an infant with dilated cardiomyopathy resulting from RPL3L gene mutations. A 2-month-old girl was admitted in June 2022 with poor appetite, breathlessness, and lethargy. Her brother had succumbed to fulminant cardiomyopathy and heart failure at the same age. Cardiac ultrasound revealed an enlarged left ventricle, moderate mitral valve regurgitation, and an ejection fraction of 31%. Chest X-ray revealed cardiac enlargement and pulmonary changes. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging confirmed dilated cardiomyopathy with an enlarged left ventricle and reduced myocardial wall motion. Whole-exome sequencing identified two RPL3L mutations: c.501G>A (p.Q167=) inherited from the father and c.322G>A (p.E108K) from the mother. Drug therapy improved the patient's cardiac function, and she demonstrated normal cardiac function after 6 months. In this case, dilated cardiomyopathy was associated with two familial RPL3L gene mutations, consistent with a presumed autosomal recessive inheritance pattern previously described in -associated cardiomyopathy.
Ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone syndrome with pneumonia and pulmonary cryptococcosis: A case report and literature review.
Zhou J, Liu C, Li L … +3 more , Tan D, Zhou Y, Yang T
J Int Med Res · 2026 May · PMID 42156346 · Full text
Ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone syndrome is a distinct subtype of endogenous Cushing's syndrome characterized by excessive cortisol secretion, which increases susceptibility to opportunistic infections. Herein, we pr...
Ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone syndrome is a distinct subtype of endogenous Cushing's syndrome characterized by excessive cortisol secretion, which increases susceptibility to opportunistic infections. Herein, we present the case of a male patient in his early 40s who was admitted with fatigue and bilateral lower-extremity edema. Laboratory tests revealed markedly elevated serum adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol levels. Ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone syndrome was confirmed via dexamethasone suppression testing and somatostatin receptor-targeted positron emission tomography-computed tomography, which localized an ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone-secreting right pulmonary carcinoid tumor (a neuroendocrine tumor). During hospitalization, the patient was diagnosed with concurrent pneumonia and pulmonary cryptococcosis, and he responded favorably to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and fluconazole. This case, supported by a review of the relevant literature, highlights the importance of early infection diagnosis, prompt management, and appropriate prophylaxis in patients with ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone syndrome to improve prognosis.
Combined use of microimplants and a self-made four-curvature torquing auxiliary arch to manage labial root fenestration of the maxillary incisors: A case report.
Yang PZ, Wen XJ, Liu R
J Int Med Res · 2026 May · PMID 42156345 · Full text
During orthodontic treatment, ensuring the safety of anterior teeth with exposed roots is crucial. Our report describes the case of a 19-years-old female patient who was treated at a local clinic for severe bimaxillary p...
During orthodontic treatment, ensuring the safety of anterior teeth with exposed roots is crucial. Our report describes the case of a 19-years-old female patient who was treated at a local clinic for severe bimaxillary protrusion. The clinic physician extracted the patient's seven premolars and one mandibular lateral incisor, resulting in failure of the orthodontic treatment. After this failed treatment at the local clinic, the patient presented to our hospital for follow-up treatment (second treatment). When the patient was transferred to our hospital, she still exhibited a skeletal Class II relationship (A point-nasion-B point angle (ANB): 12.5°) profile, and her anterior teeth were severely upright, with an initial U1-NA of -1.5° (normal value: 22.8° ± 5.7°). This value changed after treatment to 14.32° (normal value 22.8° ± 5.7°). Cone beam computed tomography showed that the roots of the anterior teeth had penetrated the labial cortical bone, and it was challenging to ensure the safety of the second treatment. In our patient, the roots of the anterior teeth safely entered the center of the maxilla, with the U1-NA changing from -1.5° to 11° after treatment with our self-made four-curvature torquing auxiliary arch. Moreover, root length did not change, and root absorption did not occur.
The effect of industry-related air pollution on pulmonary function: A prospective, cross-sectional comparative study of industrial proximity and smoking status.
Korkmaz C, Uyar M, Şahin Ş … +9 more , Ünal B, Sunay B, Aydos ÖF, Shaqdeh B, Alptekin F, Üner RŞ, Aydınoğlu A, Derviş ZN, Urhan RZ
J Int Med Res · 2026 May · PMID 42136554 · Full text
ObjectiveAmbient air pollution is a leading global environmental health risk, significantly contributing to the burden of chronic respiratory diseases and premature mortality worldwide. Despite being a major industrial a...
ObjectiveAmbient air pollution is a leading global environmental health risk, significantly contributing to the burden of chronic respiratory diseases and premature mortality worldwide. Despite being a major industrial and agricultural hub, the specific impact of long-term exposure to urban and industrial pollutants on pulmonary function in the Central Anatolian region remains insufficiently characterized. This study aimed to evaluate the subclinical respiratory effects of air pollution on healthy adults in Konya, Turkey, with a particular focus on the cumulative impact of industrial proximity.MethodsThis prospective, cross-sectional comparative study involving 455 participants collected data on sociodemographic characteristics, smoking history, and respiratory symptoms. Lung function was measured via portable spirometry. Individualized exposure scores were calculated from 1-year and 4-year air quality data. Industrial proximity was categorized using a 10-km threshold for both residence and workplace.ResultsPulmonary function test values were significantly lower in smoking individuals and in those with respiratory diseases (p < 0.05). Nonsmoking healthy individuals living and working within 10 km of industrial zones showed significantly lower forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity (79.17% vs. 82.71%, p < 0.001) and small airway parameters ( forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of vital capacity, maximal expiratory flow at 25% of vital capacity, maximal expiratory flow at 50% of vital capacity, and maximal expiratory flow at 75% of vital capacity; p < 0.005) than in those living farther away. Notably, nonsmoking individuals living near industrial zones had lower small airway flow rates than smoking individuals living far from industrial areas (p < 0.05). The Karatay district, demonstrating the highest levels of particulate matter ≤10 µm in diameter, showed the lowest maximal expiratory flow at 25% of vital capacity values (p = 0.049).ConclusionsIndustrial proximity and smoking are independent risk factors for airway obstruction. Continuous industrial exposure may cause more pronounced small airway damage than tobacco consumption, thereby highlighting the need for air quality management in urban planning.
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