Bird JR, Brahm GL, Fung CI
… +3 more, Tu W, Zheng IJ, Kirkpatrick IDC
Can Assoc Radiol J
· 2026 Feb · PMID 40560626
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The Canadian Association of Radiologists Incidental Findings Working Group (CAR IFWG) has developed new recommendations for the management of incidental findings of the spleen, lymph nodes, peritoneum, and mesentery, tai...The Canadian Association of Radiologists Incidental Findings Working Group (CAR IFWG) has developed new recommendations for the management of incidental findings of the spleen, lymph nodes, peritoneum, and mesentery, tailored to the Canadian healthcare context. This guidance addresses splenomegaly, focal splenic lesions, splenic artery aneurysms, lymphadenopathy, mesenteric panniculitis, and peritoneal nodules. Building on prior American College of Radiology (ACR) guidance and integrating recent evidence, the CAR IFWG offers a pragmatic approach emphasizing radiologic features, clinical context, and patient risk factors to minimize unnecessary follow-up. The recommendations aim to streamline care, reduce patient anxiety, and support radiologists in distinguishing benign from potentially malignant findings in asymptomatic individuals.
Al-Naser Y, Sharma S, Niure K
… +2 more, Ibach K, Yong-Hing CJ
Can Assoc Radiol J
· 2026 Feb · PMID 40556118
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Artificial intelligence (AI) tools, particularly generative models, are increasingly used to depict clinical roles in healthcare. This study evaluates whether generative AI systems accurately differentiate between radiol...Artificial intelligence (AI) tools, particularly generative models, are increasingly used to depict clinical roles in healthcare. This study evaluates whether generative AI systems accurately differentiate between radiologists and medical radiation technologists (MRTs), 2 roles often confused by patients and providers. We assessed 1380 images and videos generated by 8 text-to-image/video AI models. Five raters evaluated task-role accuracy, attire, equipment, lighting, isolation, and demographics. Statistical tests compared differences across models and roles. MRTs were depicted accurately in 82.0% of outputs, while only 56.2% of radiologist images/videos were role-appropriate. Among inaccurate radiologist depictions, 79.1% misrepresented MRTs tasks. Radiologists were more often male (73.8%) and White (79.7%), while MRTs were more diverse. Stethoscope misuse, lack of disability/religious markers, and overuse of business attire for radiologists further reflected bias. Generative AI frequently misrepresents radiologist roles and demographics, reinforcing stereotypes and public confusion. Greater oversight and inclusion standards are needed to ensure equitable AI-generated healthcare content.
Nechyporenko Y, Golan O, Menes TS
… +9 more, Freitas VAR, Kessner R, Neeman R, Mauda-Havakuk M, Broitman S, Stav D, Lazar S, Mercer D, Amitai Y
Can Assoc Radiol J
· 2026 Feb · PMID 40536116
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This study aims to evaluate the outcomes of breast MRI-guided vacuum assisted biopsies (MVAB) performed on lesions with high T2 signal. We retrospectively collected of all MVAB performed at our institution between Janua...This study aims to evaluate the outcomes of breast MRI-guided vacuum assisted biopsies (MVAB) performed on lesions with high T2 signal. We retrospectively collected of all MVAB performed at our institution between January 2016 and December 2021 for high T2 lesions. T2 hyperintensity was defined as equal or higher signal than normal lymph node. The correlation between various demographic and imaging characteristics and the binary pathological outcome (benign vs malignant) was evaluated. In total, 174 biopsies from 165 women met the inclusion criteria and were included in the cohort. Malignancy was detected in 35 lesions (20%), most commonly ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS, 57%), followed by infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC, 40%). The most common benign diagnosis was fibrocystic changes (FCC, 38%). In 19 lesions MVAB detected high-risk pathology, 3 of which were upgraded to malignancy. Older age (Mean 61 vs 54 years, = .04), washout kinetics (29% vs 13%, = .01), and indication for extent of disease evaluation (53% vs 32%, = .06) were the strongest predictors of malignancy. Lesion size and morphology were not significantly associated with outcome. Given the considerable cancer rate, T2 hyperintensity should be used with caution as a benign indicator and not as a sole criterion for ruling out malignancy. Additional factors such as patient age, kinetic features, and MRI indication should be considered to improve diagnostic accuracy.
Can Assoc Radiol J
· 2026 Feb · PMID 40522130
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Radiology research at Canadian institutions is advancing patient care through multidisciplinary collaboration, technological innovation, and quality improvement initiatives. Investigators at Dalhousie University, the Uni...Radiology research at Canadian institutions is advancing patient care through multidisciplinary collaboration, technological innovation, and quality improvement initiatives. Investigators at Dalhousie University, the University of British Columbia (UBC), the University of Ottawa, and Université de Montréal are leading efforts in diverse areas of imaging research, including lung cancer detection, sports medicine imaging, mammography and supplemental screening, and advanced imaging modalities. Dalhousie researchers have developed initiatives for incidental lung nodule management and imaging protocol optimization to ensure efficient and high-quality care. At UBC, investigations into imaging appropriateness and sports medicine imaging at elite athletic competitions are shaping global practice standards. The University of Ottawa has played a key role in refining mammography guidelines, improving early breast cancer detection and influencing national screening practices. The Université de Montréal is advancing innovations in cardiovascular and neurovascular imaging, contributing to improved diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic planning. Collectively, these contributions highlight Canada's pivotal role in the global radiology community and its ongoing commitment to improving patient outcomes through research and innovation. This article reviews major research initiatives from several leading Canadian institutions and highlights the ongoing need for collaboration and innovation to further elevate the quality and effectiveness of radiology practices worldwide.
Can Assoc Radiol J
· 2026 Feb · PMID 40483673
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The Canadian Association of Radiologists (CAR) Incidental Findings Working Group has updated its guidance on the management of incidentally detected gallbladder polyps, originally published in 2020. Prompted by new evide...The Canadian Association of Radiologists (CAR) Incidental Findings Working Group has updated its guidance on the management of incidentally detected gallbladder polyps, originally published in 2020. Prompted by new evidence and recent international guidelines, the Working Group re-evaluated the literature and assessed both the 2022 Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound (SRU) Consensus Recommendations and the 2022 joint European guidelines. The updated guidance reflects a shift toward assessing polyp morphology and reduced surveillance and intervention for small polyps, endorsing the SRU's evidence-based, risk-stratified approach over the more conservative European recommendations. This update aims to minimize unnecessary imaging and surgery for benign polyps while maintaining patient safety.
Zaki-Metias KM, Vatturi SS, Malik A
… +6 more, McKee H, Solorzano S, Seely JM, Kulkarni S, Kellow Z, Verma R
Can Assoc Radiol J
· 2026 Feb · PMID 40444539
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Radiology residents must demonstrate competence in breast imaging prior to entering practice. Breast imaging fellowship training programs have attracted fewer trainees, contributing to the ongoing shortage in the field....Radiology residents must demonstrate competence in breast imaging prior to entering practice. Breast imaging fellowship training programs have attracted fewer trainees, contributing to the ongoing shortage in the field. This survey aimed to evaluate the structure, supports, and barriers to breast imaging training in Canadian residency programs to help guide future curriculum development. Following ethical approval, a 45-question cross-sectional survey was distributed to all 16 diagnostic radiology program directors of Canadian residency programs via email using the online platform SurveyMonkey between March and May 2024. The questions covered program demographics, breast imaging and procedural experience, integration into multidisciplinary care, the impact of other learners, scheduling, and departmental leadership. Twelve (75%) program directors across 7 provinces responded. Responses revealed variability in program structures and resources. All programs provided the suggested 4 months of breast imaging training. Exposure to interpreting screening mammography was offered by 75% (9/12) of programs, however, 75% (9/12) of programs did not involve residents in multidisciplinary rounds, limiting collaborative care training. Simulation sessions for breast imaging procedures were offered in 33% (4/12) of programs. Assessment methods across programs lacked uniformity, with only 17% (2/12) of programs using post-rotation tests, and all relying on subjective evaluations. This study highlights the need to address disparities and enhance standardization to improve residents' breast imaging education. Establishing clear guidelines for integration of multimodality breast imaging exposure, increasing procedural training, and providing opportunities to participate in multidisciplinary care conferences are essential for developing a more uniform and comprehensive breast imaging curriculum nationally.