The Canadian Journal Of Urology[JOURNAL]
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200 papers
The digital rectal prostate exam: from useful to useless to controversial.
Gomella LG
Can J Urol · 2024 Jun · PMID 38912935
Abstract loading — click title to view on PubMed.
Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate for a case of transition zone prostate cancer.
Li MK, Diaz O, Katz JE
Can J Urol · 2024 Apr · PMID 38642466
Standard treatment approaches for localized prostate cancer remain limited to active surveillance, radiotherapy, and radical prostatectomy. We present a case of transition zone prostate cancer that was treated with holmi...
Standard treatment approaches for localized prostate cancer remain limited to active surveillance, radiotherapy, and radical prostatectomy. We present a case of transition zone prostate cancer that was treated with holmium laser enucleation of the prostate, a procedure that is normally reserved for the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia.
Urethral carcinoma after skin substitution urethral reconstruction.
Wu Z, Chen M, Mori R
Can J Urol · 2024 Apr · PMID 38642465
Urethral cancer after urethral reconstruction is an under-recognized, uncommon disease associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The survival rates of patients with carcinoma of the bulbar urethra are as low a...
Urethral cancer after urethral reconstruction is an under-recognized, uncommon disease associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The survival rates of patients with carcinoma of the bulbar urethra are as low as 20%-30%. Stricture recurrence and unrecognized malignant changes present prior to reconstruction are major risk factors for urethral cancer. Skin substitution urethroplasty is subjected to higher rates of recurrence, which lends to the potential for carcinogenesis. We present a case of a 59-year-old male who underwent multi-stage skin substitution urethroplasty who developed urethral carcinoma 20 years later.
Hand, foot, and mouth disease presenting with a testicular mass in an adult.
Azari S, Wolfman D, Smith A
Can J Urol · 2024 Apr · PMID 38642464
The majority of solid testicular tumors are treated with orchiectomy given the high risk of malignancy. We present a case of a testicular mass in an adult patient in the setting of recent hand, foot, and mouth disease th...
The majority of solid testicular tumors are treated with orchiectomy given the high risk of malignancy. We present a case of a testicular mass in an adult patient in the setting of recent hand, foot, and mouth disease that was managed conservatively with serial ultrasounds. Even though cases of viral-associated testicular masses are rare, this differential diagnosis should be considered in patients with a new testicular mass in the setting of recent viral infection and negative tumor markers. For these patients, observation may be an option instead of immediate orchiectomy.
How I Do It: Teaching holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP).
Pérez-Londoño A, Abello A, Gershman B … +1 more , Korets R
Can J Urol · 2024 Apr · PMID 38642463
Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) is considered a size-independent technique to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia. This safe and effective procedure is increasingly being adopted in urology training prog...
Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) is considered a size-independent technique to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia. This safe and effective procedure is increasingly being adopted in urology training programs worldwide, yet limited teaching strategies have been described. Endoscopic handling during HoLEP allows for a simultaneous interaction between the surgeon and trainee, facilitating a guided teaching strategy with increasing difficulty as experience grows. In this article, we describe our stepwise approach for teaching HoLEP as part of a structured surgical training curriculum. We also evaluate the association of our method with intraoperative efficiency parameters and immediate postoperative surgical outcomes of 200 HoLEP procedures.
Are children with food allergies more likely to have lower urinary tract symptoms? A case-control study.
Peard LM, Li B, Dorris S … +8 more , Zhao S, Adams C, Clayton DB, Thomas JC, Pope Ⅳ JC, Adams MC, Brock Ⅲ JW, Taylor AS
Can J Urol · 2024 Apr · PMID 38642462
INTRODUCTION: There are multiple historic reports linking lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in children with food allergies (FA), but contemporary studies are sparse. The objective of this study was to evaluate a poten...
INTRODUCTION: There are multiple historic reports linking lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in children with food allergies (FA), but contemporary studies are sparse. The objective of this study was to evaluate a potential link between FA and LUTS in the pediatric population. We hypothesized that children with FAs are more likely to have LUTS. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After local IRB approval, pediatric patients (6-17 years [y]) with FAs proven by positive skin prick and/or serum IgE testing were invited to participate. A control group of pediatric patients without FAs was also recruited. All families/legal guardians signed informed consent, and all children signed written assent. Each participant filled out the Vancouver Symptom Score (VSS), a validated questionnaire for dysfunctional elimination syndrome, and the Pediatric Incontinence Questionnaire (PinQ), a validated quality of life assessment for children with bladder dysfunction. Demographic and clinical information were obtained retrospectively. RESULTS: From 2019-2020, 26 children with FAs and 57 without agreed to participate. Mean age was 9.3 y (IQR 7.9 y-13.5 y). There were no differences in gender, age, or race between the two cohorts. There were no significant differences between the two groups in mean VSS score or mean PinQ score. Four children with FAs (15%) and 15 children without (26%) had VSS score ≥ 11 (p = 0.339), indicating dysfunctional elimination. The median PinQ score was 0 (IQR 0-2) in both cohorts. CONCLUSIONS: This study did not identify an association between FAs and LUTS in a population of pediatric patients with laboratory proven FAs.
Preoperative aspirin and anticoagulants do not affect partial nephrectomy bleeding.
Buchh M, Yong C, Kazi F … +4 more , Sualeh A, Slaven J, Boris RS, Sundaram CP
Can J Urol · 2024 Apr · PMID 38642461
INTRODUCTION: Studies have reached mixed conclusions on the role of antiplatelet and anticoagulant agents on postoperative complications of partial nephrectomies. This study examines whether preoperative anticoagulation...
INTRODUCTION: Studies have reached mixed conclusions on the role of antiplatelet and anticoagulant agents on postoperative complications of partial nephrectomies. This study examines whether preoperative anticoagulation use affected the risk of hemorrhagic complications after partial nephrectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective chart review of all partial nephrectomies performed between 2017 and 2022 at a single institution. For each operation, preoperative data was gathered on whether the patient was on anticoagulation, the type and dose of anticoagulation, and how many days the anticoagulation was held preoperatively. Bivariate analyses for continuous measures were performed using Student's t-tests when there were two comparison groups and ANOVA models when there were more than two comparison groups and Chi-Square tests were used for categorical variables, with Fisher's Exact being used when expected cell counts were small. RESULTS: In this study, warfarin was held for an average of 5.43 days, clopidogrel was held for an average of 6.60 days, aspirin was held for an average of 7.65 days, and direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) were held for an average of 4.00 days. There was no significant difference in hemoglobin (Hb) change, rate of intraoperative transfusion, postoperative transfusion, bleeding complication, pseudoaneurysm rate, or additional bleeding processes between patients on prior anticoagulation therapy and those not on therapy. There was no significant difference in intraoperative or postoperative outcomes based on history of aspirin use and continuation of aspirin through the surgery. While estimated blood loss appeared statistically significant initially, this difference was accounted for by the covariates of comorbidities, RENAL score, surgical approach, and type of renorrhaphy. Overall, there was no difference in complication rate based solely on aspirin use or continuation of aspirin through surgery. CONCLUSIONS: No difference in complication rate of partial nephrectomy was determined to be solely due to prior use of anticoagulation or aspirin use alone with appropriate cessation of anticoagulation preoperatively. Overall, patients on anticoagulation are not at a higher risk of intraoperative or postoperative bleeding complications when undergoing partial nephrectomy.
Perioperative risk predictors for gender affirming surgery in the NSQIP database.
Simhal RK, Wang KR, Purcell C … +2 more , Shah YB, Chung PH
Can J Urol · 2024 Apr · PMID 38642460
INTRODUCTION: Gender affirming surgeries (GAS), such as phalloplasty (PLPs) and vaginoplasty (VGPs), are important aspects of medical care for transgender patients. Here, we aim to better characterize patient demographic...
INTRODUCTION: Gender affirming surgeries (GAS), such as phalloplasty (PLPs) and vaginoplasty (VGPs), are important aspects of medical care for transgender patients. Here, we aim to better characterize patient demographics and surgical outcomes for PLPs and VGPs using the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP). We hypothesized that frailty indices would be predictive of perioperative PLP and VGP risk and outcomes for PLPs and VGPs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Primary GAS, specifically PLPs and VGPs performed from 2006-2020 were identified in NSQIP. Baseline frailty was based on NSQIP's modified frailty index (mFI) and preoperative morbidity probability (morbprob) variable. RESULTS: Fifty-eight PLPs and 468 VGPs were identified. The overall 30-day complication rate for PLP was 26%, with 17% of total patients experiencing minor complications and 16% experiencing major complications. The overall, minor, and major complication rates for VGP were 14%, 7%, and 9% respectively. Readmissions and reoperations occurred in 7% PLP and 5% VGP patients. No deaths occurred in either group within 30 days. The mFI scores were not predictive of 30-day complications or LOS. NSQIP morbprob was predictive of 30-day complications for both PLP (OR 4.0, 95% CI 1.08-19.59, p = 0.038) and VGP (OR 2.39, 95% CI 1.46-3.97, p = 0.0005). NSQIP's morbprob was also predictive of extended LOS for PLP patients (6.3 ± 1.3 days, p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: This study describes patient characteristics and complication rates of PLPs and VGPs. The NSQIP preoperative morbprob is an effective predictor of surgical complications and is better than the mFI.
Optimizing outcomes in men with prostate cancer: the cardiovascular event lowering (CaELo) pathways.
Crawford DE, Albala D, Garnick MB … +9 more , Hahn AW, Maroni P, McKay RR, Miner M, Orio Ⅲ P, Pandit K, Sellinger S, Yu EY, Eckel RH
Can J Urol · 2024 Apr · PMID 38642459
INTRODUCTION: Risk of cardiovascular disease is higher among men with prostate cancer than men without, and prostate cancer treatments (especially those that are hormonally based) are associated with increased cardiovasc...
INTRODUCTION: Risk of cardiovascular disease is higher among men with prostate cancer than men without, and prostate cancer treatments (especially those that are hormonally based) are associated with increased cardiovascular risk. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An 11-member panel of urologic, medical, and radiation oncologists (along with a men's health specialist and an endocrinologist/preventive cardiologist) met to discuss current practices and challenges in the management of cardiovascular risk in prostate cancer patients who are taking androgen deprivation therapies (ADT) including LHRH analogues, alone and in combination with androgen-targeted therapies (ATTs). RESULTS: The panel developed an assessment algorithm to categorize patients by risk and deploy a risk-adapted management strategy, in collaboration with other healthcare providers (the patient's healthcare "village"), with the goal of preventing as well as reducing cardiovascular events. The panel also developed a patient questionnaire for cardiovascular risk as well as a checklist to ensure that all aspects of cardiovascular disease risk reduction are completed and monitored. CONCLUSIONS: Prostate cancer patients receiving ADT with or without ATT need to be more zealously assessed for prevention and aggressively managed to reduce cardiovascular events. This can and should include participation from the entire multidisciplinary healthcare team.
Is PSMA PET disrupting traditional prostate cancer staging and treatment?
Gomella LG
Can J Urol · 2024 Apr · PMID 38642457
Abstract loading — click title to view on PubMed.
Mullerianosis of the urinary bladder: a case report.
Wegrzyn GH, Kilianek M, Iwaz S … +2 more , Vidal P, Dobbs RW
Can J Urol · 2024 Feb · PMID 38401261
Mullerianosis is a rare, complex, benign tumor most commonly found in the bladder and often mistaken for a neoplastic lesion. Herein, we report a case of mullerianosis in a 65-year-old woman who presented with an incide...
Mullerianosis is a rare, complex, benign tumor most commonly found in the bladder and often mistaken for a neoplastic lesion. Herein, we report a case of mullerianosis in a 65-year-old woman who presented with an incidental 2 cm bladder mass found on cross-sectional imaging. A mixed cystic and solid tumor was identified on cystoscopy and a transurethral resection of the suspected tumor was performed with histopathology confirming a final diagnosis of mullerianosis. While an unusual diagnosis, mullerianosis of the urinary bladder needs to be correctly identified to provide appropriate treatment and avoid misdiagnosis.
Use of the Schelin Catheter for transurethral intraprostatic anesthesia prior to Rezūm treatment.
Hamouda A, Ibrahim A, Corsi N … +8 more , Siena G, Elterman DS, Chughtai B, Bhojani N, Sessa F, Rivetti A, Secco S, Zorn KC
Can J Urol · 2024 Feb · PMID 38401260
Minimally invasive surgery techniques (MIST) have become newly adopted in urological care. Given this, new analgesic techniques are important in optimizing patient outcomes and resource management. Rezūm treatment (RT)...
Minimally invasive surgery techniques (MIST) have become newly adopted in urological care. Given this, new analgesic techniques are important in optimizing patient outcomes and resource management. Rezūm treatment (RT) for BPH has emerged as a new MIST with excellent patient outcomes, including improving quality of life (QoL) and International Prostate Symptom Scores (IPSSs), while also preserving sexual function. Currently, the standard analgesic approach for RT involves a peri-prostatic nerve block (PNB) using a transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) or systemic sedation anesthesia. The TRUS approach is invasive, uncomfortable, and holds a risk of infection. Additionally, alternative methods such as, inhaled methoxyflurane (Penthrox), nitric oxide, general anesthesia, as well as intravenous (IV) sedation pose safety risks or mandate the presence of an anesthesiology team. Transurethral intraprostatic anesthesia (TUIA) using the Schelin Catheter (ProstaLund, Lund, Sweden) (SC) provides a new, non-invasive, and efficient technique for out-patient, office based Rezūm procedures. Through local administration of an analgesic around the prostate base, the SC has been shown to reduce pain, procedure times, and bleeding during MISTs. Herein, we evaluated the analgesic efficacy of TUIA via the SC in a cohort of 10 patients undergoing in-patient RT for BPH.
A combined MRI-PSAD risk stratification system for prioritizing prostate biopsies.
Bar-Yaakov N, Savin Z, Fahoum I … +5 more , Barnes S, Bar-Yosef Y, Yossepowitch O, Keren-Paz G, Mano R
Can J Urol · 2024 Feb · PMID 38401259
INTRODUCTION: Prostate cancer screening with PSA is associated with low specificity; furthermore, little is known about the optimal timing of biopsy. We aimed to evaluate whether a risk classification system combining...
INTRODUCTION: Prostate cancer screening with PSA is associated with low specificity; furthermore, little is known about the optimal timing of biopsy. We aimed to evaluate whether a risk classification system combining PSA density (PSAD) and mpMRI can predict clinically significant cancer and determine biopsy timing. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed the medical records of 256 men with a PI-RADS ≥ 3 lesion on mpMRI who underwent transperineal targeted and systematic biopsies of the prostate between 2017-2019. Patients were stratified into three risk groups based on PSAD and mpMRI findings. The study endpoint was clinically significant prostate cancer (CSPC). The association between the risk groups and CSPC was evaluated. RESULTS: Based on the proposed risk stratification system 42/256 men (16%) were high-risk (mpMRI finding of extra-prostatic extension and/or seminal vesicle invasion and/or a PI-RADS 5 lesion with a PSAD > 0.15 ng/mL²), 164/256 (64%) intermediate-risk (PI-RADS 4-5 lesions and/or PSAD > 0.15ng/mL² with no high-risk features) and 50/256 (20%) low-risk (PI-RADS 3 lesions and PSAD ≤ 0.15 ng/mL²). High-risk patients had significantly higher rates of CSPC (76%) when compared to intermediate-risk (26%) and low-risk (4%). On multivariable logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, previous biopsy, and clinical T-stage we found an association between intermediate-risk (OR = 4.84, p = 0.038) and high-risk (OR = 40.13, p < 0.001) features and CSPC. High-risk patients had a shorter median biopsy delay time (110 days) compared to intermediate- and low-risk patients (141 and 147 days, respectively). We did not find an association between biopsy delay and CSPC. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that a three-tier risk classification system based on mpMRI and PSAD can identify patients at high-risk for CSPC who may benefit from earlier biopsy.
Partial gland ablation with high intensity focal ultrasound impact on genito-urinary function and quality of life: our initial experience.
Fugaru I, Bouhadana D, Marcq G … +8 more , Moryousef J, Rompré-Brodeur A, Meng A, Loutochin O, Loutochin G, Anidjar M, Bladou F, Sanchez-Salas R
Can J Urol · 2024 Feb · PMID 38401258
INTRODUCTION: Partial gland ablation (PGA) using high intensity focal ultrasound (HIFU) is an alternative to active surveillance for low to intermediate risk localized prostate cancer. This pilot study assessed qualit...
INTRODUCTION: Partial gland ablation (PGA) using high intensity focal ultrasound (HIFU) is an alternative to active surveillance for low to intermediate risk localized prostate cancer. This pilot study assessed quality of life (QoL) outcomes during the implementation of PGA-HIFU at our institution. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We prospectively enrolled 25 men with a diagnosis of localized low/intermediate risk prostate cancer who elected to undergo PGA-HIFU in a pilot study at our institution between 2013 and 2016. Patients underwent pre-treatment mpMRI and transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsies. The primary endpoints were impact on patient-reported functional outcomes (erectile, urinary function, QoL) assessed at 1, 3, 6- and 12-months. RESULTS: The median age was 64 years old (IQR 59.5-67). Baseline median International Index of Erectile Function-15 score was 50, which decreased to 18 at 1 month (p < 0.0005), returned to baseline by 3 months and thereafter. International Prostate Symptom Score median at baseline was 8, which worsened to 12 at 1 month (p = 0.0088), and subsequently improved to baseline thereafter. On the UCLA-Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite urinary function, there was a decrease in median score from 92.7 at baseline to 76.0 at 1 month (p < 0.0001), which improved to or above baseline afterwards. QoL remained similar to baseline at each follow up period as assessed by EQ-5D and the Functional Cancer Therapy-Prostate score. CONCLUSIONS: In this initial cohort of PGA-HIFU men at our institution, patients demonstrated a slight, but transient, deterioration in urinary and erectile function at 1 month prior to normalization. All QoL metrics showed no impact upon 1 year of follow up post-treatment.
Grant funding among underrepresented minority and women urologists at academic institutions.
White S, Tella D, Ostad B … +6 more , Barquin D, Smith C, King R, Greene KL, Downs T, Kern NG
Can J Urol · 2024 Feb · PMID 38401257
INTRODUCTION: Grant funding to Urology has decreased over the last decade. Documented lack of gender and race diversity at the faculty level raises concerns for funding disparities. This study sought to characterize disp...
INTRODUCTION: Grant funding to Urology has decreased over the last decade. Documented lack of gender and race diversity at the faculty level raises concerns for funding disparities. This study sought to characterize disparities based upon race and gender in National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding data to Urologic faculty. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Data from 145 ACGME accredited Urology residency programs incorporating faculty gender and underrepresented in medicine (URiM) status was utilized. The NIH Research Portfolio Online Report Tool was queried between 1985 and 2023 for grants related to current Urology faculty. URiM status, gender, years of practice, academic rank, and Doximity residency program rank were factors in multivariable analysis. RESULTS: A total of 2,131 faculty were included. Three hundred one Urologists received 793 urologic grants for a total of $993,919,052 in funding. By race, grants were awarded to: White 72.9%, Asian 21.8%, Hispanic 3.0%, Black 2.1%. Men received 708 grants (89.3%) worth $917,083,475 total. Women received 85 grants (10.7%) worth $76,835,577 total. Likelihood of being awarded a grant was significantly associated with non-URiM status (p < 0.001) and men (p < 0.0001). On multivariable analysis, Doximity rank (p < 0.001) and academic rank (p < 0.001) were significant predictors of receiving a grant; male gender, URiM status, and years of practice were not. Academic rank was also a significant predictor of number of grants received (p = 0.04) and total funding (p = 0.04); years of practice, Doximity rank, URiM status, and gender were not. CONCLUSIONS: NIH grants were more likely awarded to higher ranked faculty from higher Doximity ranked institutions with no differences based on URiM status or gender.
Re: Antibiotic resistance in patients undergoing serial prostate biopsies: risk factors and impact on clinical outcomes.
Clark CB, Raman JD
Can J Urol · 2024 Feb · PMID 38401256
Abstract loading — click title to view on PubMed.
Antibiotic resistance in patients undergoing serial prostate biopsies: risk factors and impact on clinical outcomes.
Xu AJ, Thakker S, Sawhney V … +3 more , Gogaj R, Vokshi F, Wysock JS
Can J Urol · 2024 Feb · PMID 38401255
INTRODUCTION: We evaluate the rate of developing ciprofloxacin resistance in patients undergoing repeat prostate biopsies (PBx), associated risk factors, and impact on complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospecti...
INTRODUCTION: We evaluate the rate of developing ciprofloxacin resistance in patients undergoing repeat prostate biopsies (PBx), associated risk factors, and impact on complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated pre-procedural rectal culture (RCx) data in men undergoing PBx from 1/1/2016 to 1/15/2021. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were utilized to identify risk factors associated with development of antibiotic resistance. Complication rates were compared between ciprofloxacin-sensitive and ciprofloxacin-resistant patients. RESULTS: A total of 743 men underwent initial RCx. Initial RCx detected ciprofloxacin resistance in 22% of patients. A history of diabetes (p = 0.01), > 2 prior prostate biopsies (p = 0.01), and ciprofloxacin use (p = 0.002) were significant risk factors for ciprofloxacin resistance on initial RCx. The rate of new ciprofloxacin resistance following biopsy with standard ciprofloxacin prophylaxis on 1st and 2nd exposure was 17.2% and 9.1% respectively. The number of biopsy cores, interval antibiotic exposure and interval procedures performed between first and second RCx were not significant predictors of developing ciprofloxacin resistance. Patients who received a non-ciprofloxacin antibiotic between first and second RCx did not develop ciprofloxacin resistance. Antibiotic resistance profile did not significantly affect the rate or type of complications after various prostate procedures. CONCLUSIONS: Serial exposure to standard antibiotic prophylaxis for PBx and associated procedures can lead to development of ciprofloxacin resistance after each subsequent exposure. This carries important implications for serial biopsy and highlights the role for RCx prior to repeat biopsy.
Perfection is the Enemy of Good and the Imposter Syndrome.
Loughlin KR
Can J Urol · 2024 Feb · PMID 38401253
Abstract loading — click title to view on PubMed.
How I Do It: Transcutaneous tibial nerve stimulation TENSI+ system.
Cornu JN, Hashim H, Van Der Aa F … +4 more , De Nunzio C, Perez VG, Ferreira R, Elterman DS
Can J Urol · 2023 Dec · PMID 38104335
Overactive bladder (OAB) is a common condition that significantly impacts the quality of life (QoL), well-being and daily functioning for both men and women. Among various treatments, peripheral tibial nerve stimulation...
Overactive bladder (OAB) is a common condition that significantly impacts the quality of life (QoL), well-being and daily functioning for both men and women. Among various treatments, peripheral tibial nerve stimulation (PTNS) emerges as an effective third-line treatment for OAB symptoms, with options for either a percutaneous approach (P-PTNS) or by transcutaneous delivery (T-PTNS). Recent studies have shown negligible differences between P-PTNS and T-PTNS efficacy in alleviating urinary urgency and frequency and QoL improvement and, overall no difference in efficacy over antimuscarinic regimens. The TENSI+ system offers a cutting-edge transcutaneous approach, allowing patients to self-administer treatment conveniently at home with electrical stimulation delivery through surface electrodes. It stands out for its ease of preparation, tolerability, and high levels of patient satisfaction. Prospective multicentric data highlights TENSI+ to be an effective and safe treatment for lower urinary tract symptoms with high treatment adherence at 3 months. This paper aims to familiarize readers with the TENSI+ system, current studies, device assembly, operation, and treatment recommendations.
Recurring cystitis cystica and cystitis glandularis masquerading as urothelial carcinoma.
Wang KR, Simhal RK, Dinatale GG … +2 more , Li L, Chandrasekar T
Can J Urol · 2023 Dec · PMID 38104334
We report a rare case of cystitis cystica and glandularis mimicking low-grade urothelial carcinoma that was found incidentally and treated with resection and fulguration via transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURB...
We report a rare case of cystitis cystica and glandularis mimicking low-grade urothelial carcinoma that was found incidentally and treated with resection and fulguration via transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT). When early recurrence was found on surveillance cystoscopy 3 months later, the patient was treated with repeat TURBT and intravesical gemcitabine. Surveillance cystoscopy 4 months later revealed cystitis cystica and cystitis glandularis yet again. We highlight the diagnosis and management of multiple early recurrences of cystitis cystica in this patient, particularly our treatment with gemcitabine and close surveillance.
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