Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao = Journal Of Southern Medical University[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
[Correlation between cardiovascular health score based on eight life factors and prognosis of ischemic stroke and mediating effect of clinical test indicators: a multicenter prospective cohort study].
Liang X, Luan H, Ma P … +6 more , Deng W, Jin J, Quan C, Chen T, Yang Y, Xie Y
Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao · 2026 Feb · PMID 41633680 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the association between cardiovascular health scores (CVH) based on Life's Essential 8 (LE8) and 90-day functional prognosis of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and explore the mediati...
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the association between cardiovascular health scores (CVH) based on Life's Essential 8 (LE8) and 90-day functional prognosis of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and explore the mediating role of laboratory indicators to provide evidence for secondary stroke prevention. METHODS: This multicenter, prospective cohort study was conducted among 599 AIS patients within 72 h of onset. The clinical data of the patients were collected, and the cardiovascular health (CVH) scores were calculated according to LE8 criteria. Functional prognosis of the patients at 90 days were assessed by telephone follow-up using the modified Rankin scale score (mRS), whose correlation with the total LE8 score and each individual item score were analyzed using multiple linear regression. Lasso regression analysis was used to select laboratory markers associated with 90-day mRS, and their mediating role in the LE8-outcome relationship were assessed using the Bootstrap method. RESULTS: After adjusting for confounders, the total LE8 score was found to inversely correlate with 90-day mRS score of the patients (β=-0.05, 95% : -0.06‒-0.041; <0.001). The scores of 7 LE8 components (exercise, diet quality, nicotine exposure, sleep, body mass index, cholesterol, and blood pressure) were inversely correlated with 90-day mRS scores (all <0.05). Among the laboratory parameters, fibrinogen (FIB) was positively correlated (β=0.215, 95% : 0.068‒0.361; =0.0041) while MCHC (β=-0.012, 95% : -0.022‒-0.002; =0.0229) and HRR (β=-0.007, 95% : -0.013‒0.00; =0.042) were negatively correlated with 90-day mRS scores. FIB significantly mediated the relationship between LE8 scores and 90-day mRS scores with an indirect effect of -0.0019 (95% : -0.00381‒0.00; =0.006) and a mediation proportion of 3.778% (95% : 0.00869‒0.08). CONCLUSIONS: The CVH scores assessed by LE8 are inversely correlated with 90-day functional prognosis of AIS patients, suggesting the importance of maintaining good CVH for improving stroke outcomes. FIB, MCHC and HRR levels are inversely correlated with the patient prognosis, and FIB partially mediates the impact of LE8 scores on stroke outcomes.
[Research progress of large language models in tumor diagnosis: applications in textual reports and medical imaging].
Cheng H, Yan H, Yuan Z … +3 more , Zhuang Z, Sun X, Yao X
Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao · 2026 Jan · PMID 41540710 · Full text
Large language models (LLMs) are emerging artificial intelligence technologies with strong text and image processing capabilities, offering critical support for the intelligent transformation of healthcare and improving...
Large language models (LLMs) are emerging artificial intelligence technologies with strong text and image processing capabilities, offering critical support for the intelligent transformation of healthcare and improving clinical efficiency and quality. This review summarizes the current applications, technical features, and future directions of LLMs in cancer diagnosis, focusing on two key scenarios: automated analysis of textual reports (e.g., imaging, pathology, and case summaries) and multimodal diagnosis combining text and medical images. Findings show that LLMs now perform at a level comparable to general resident physicians in cancer diagnosis but are still incapable of making specialized and precise judgments. They also exhibit application-specific traits, such as parameter-efficient models adapted for grassroots-level scenario and divergent versatility in multilingual report analysis. Future efforts should prioritize developing specialized, practical medical LLMs through optimized fine-tuning strategies, construction of high-quality Chinese medical datasets, and integration with vision-language models to promote the clinical application of these models and increase the accessibility of healthcare resources.
[Diffusion cycle-consistent generative adversarial networks for pelvic active bone marrow segmentation].
Zhuo L, Zeng M, Tan S … +3 more , Liang T, Xiao W, Zhen X
Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao · 2026 Jan · PMID 41540709 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To establish a pelvic active bone marrow (ABM) segmentation method based on diffusion cycle-consistent generative adversarial networks for improving individualized precision of conventional anatomical atlas-b...
OBJECTIVES: To establish a pelvic active bone marrow (ABM) segmentation method based on diffusion cycle-consistent generative adversarial networks for improving individualized precision of conventional anatomical atlas-based methods. METHODS: We collected pelvic PET-CT data from 253 patients and constructed a 3-stage cascaded cross-modal learning framework for precise individualized ABM identification from CT images. The framework used cycle-consistent generative adversarial networks for bidirectional CT-PET mapping, conditional diffusion modules with 1000-step Markov chains for progressive denoising, and multi-scale progressive feature pyramid fusion networks for segmentation. The peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), structural similarity index (SSIM), normalized mean square error (NMSE), Dice similarity coefficient (DSC), and average symmetric surface distance (ASSD) were used for evaluation of the model performance for ABM segmentation. RESULTS: The proposed method outperformed the existing methods with a PSNR of 26.42±0.63 dB, an SSIM of 0.894±0.011, and an NMSE of 0.0235±0.0026. For ABM segmentation, the average Dice coefficient of the model reached 0.777±0.023 with an ASSD of 3.52±0.41 mm. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with the conventional methods, the propose method significantly improves individualized segmentation accuracy of the ABM and is thus suitable use in individualized bone marrow protection radiotherapy for rectal cancer.
[Evaluation of an interpretable 12-lead ECG automatic diagnosis model based on deep feature fusion].
Lu X, Chen H, Wu Q … +3 more , Wen Y, Liu G, Chen C
Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao · 2026 Jan · PMID 41540708 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To enhance the accuracy and reliability of 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) automatic diagnosis. METHODS: Herein we propose a 12-lead ECG automatic diagnosis model based on deep feature fusion (MRHL-ECGNet), w...
OBJECTIVES: To enhance the accuracy and reliability of 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) automatic diagnosis. METHODS: Herein we propose a 12-lead ECG automatic diagnosis model based on deep feature fusion (MRHL-ECGNet), which consists of a multi-scale feature extraction front-end, ResNet-34, a global feature mixing module, and a time-series analysis module. The Hyena Hierarchy Convolution Operator was applied to the 12-lead ECG automatic diagnosis task for more efficient capture of long-range dependencies while reducing computational complexity. Integrated Gradients (IG)-based interpretability analysis technology was used to achieve visualization of the decision-making basis of MRHL-ECGNet. The CPSC2018 dataset was used to train and test MRHL-ECGNet, and its performance was assessed using multiple quantitative evaluation indicators and evaluation experiments. RESULTS: In the 9-class ECG classification task on the test set, MRHL-ECGNet achieved an accuracy of 0.972, an AUC of 0.983, an F1 score of 0.864, a precision of 0.873, and a recall of 0.857, all surpassing other comparative models. This model only took 0.007 s to output a diagnosis for a single sample on a GPU and 0.156 s on a CPU, with a memory footprint of 67.196 MB. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed MRHL-ECGNet model demonstrates excellent classification performance in 12-lead ECG automatic diagnosis with a lightweight design and good interpretability, and thus has great potential for clinical application in ECG-aided diagnosis.
[A high temporal resolution dynamic T*W imaging study based on step oxygen stimulation of rat kidneys].
Sun S, Tao Q, Zhao K … +2 more , Hu Q, Feng Y
Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao · 2026 Jan · PMID 41540707 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To monitor the changes in oxygenation levels of rat kidneys under step oxygen stimulation by high temporal resolution dynamic T* weighted planar echo imaging (T*W-EPI). METHODS: Step oxygen stimulation was ap...
OBJECTIVES: To monitor the changes in oxygenation levels of rat kidneys under step oxygen stimulation by high temporal resolution dynamic T* weighted planar echo imaging (T*W-EPI). METHODS: Step oxygen stimulation was applied to SD rats (=10) in the sequence of 2 min of hyperoxia (100% O) -10 min of hypoxia (10% O) -10 min of hyperoxia (100% O). Dynamic MRI data of the kidneys of multi-echo gradient echo (mGRE) sequence and gradient echo-planar imaging (EPI) sequence were continuously acquired on a 9.4T small animal magnetic resonance scanner. The time resolution of the two sequences were 9 s and 1 s, respectively. A second-order step response model was established for the dynamic time series curves of different regions of interest (ROIs) in rat kidneys, and the parameters of the step response model were obtained, including time delay natural frequency , damping constant and oscillation period . The performance of two MRI imaging methods with different temporal resolution in response to the step oxygen stimulation in the kidneys was compared. RESULTS: Compared with the control experiment results of mGRE, the dynamic T*W-EPI technology proposed in this study increased the temporal resolution of monitoring renal step oxygen stimulation by 8 folds and improved the goodness of fit of the step response model. The model showed a shorter time delay (shortened by 29.4%, 42.6%, 56.4%, and 47.4%, respectively, in the CO, OSOM, ISOM and IM), a larger natural frequency (increased by 21.1%, 28.6%, 52.2%, and 61.9%, respectively), and oscillation of each ROI (damping constant <1) under the step oxygen stimulation. CONCLUSIONS: In a step oxygen stimulation model of rat kidneys, the high temporal resolution dynamic T*W-EPI technique proposed in this study is capable of real-time monitoring of the changes in renal oxygenation levels for detection of abnormal renal conditions.
[Sulforaphane reduces reactive astrocyte-mediated neuron apoptosis by inhibiting the MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway in Aβ42 oligomer-activated astrocytes].
Zhang S, Huang T, Yang C … +3 more , Chen J, Lü T, Zhang J
Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao · 2026 Jan · PMID 41540706 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To explore the effects of sulforaphane (SFN) on Aβ42-activated U87 astrocyte-mediated apoptosis of SH-SY5Y neurons . METHODS: U87 cells treated with different concentrations of Aβ42, SFN or both were examined...
OBJECTIVES: To explore the effects of sulforaphane (SFN) on Aβ42-activated U87 astrocyte-mediated apoptosis of SH-SY5Y neurons . METHODS: U87 cells treated with different concentrations of Aβ42, SFN or both were examined for changes in cell activity, IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA expression, release of IL-6 and TNF-α proteins, and expressions of p-p38, p-p65 and GFAP using CCK-8 assay, RT-qPCR, ELISA and Western blotting. SH-SY5Y neurons were co-cultured with U87 astrocytes treated with Aβ42 alone or in combination with SFN or SB203580 for 24 h, and the changes in Bax protein expression levels and viability of SH-SY5Y cells were examined. The effects of Aβ42, SFN, and their combination were also observed in astrocytes isolated from mouse brain tissues, and the indirect effects of astrocyte treatmentt on viability of the co-cultured primary neurons were assessed. RESULTS: The viability of U87 astrocytes increased significantly following treatment with 1.25 μmol/L Aβ42 but decreased after Aβ42 treatment above 5 μmol/L. SFN treatments for 24 h below 5 μmol/L did not significantly affect U87 cell viability. Aβ42 treatment significantly increased protein expressions of p-p38, p-p65 and GFAP, mRNA expression levels of IL-6 and TNF-α, and IL-6 and TNF-α levels in culture supernatant of U87 cells. SH-SY5Y cells co-cultured with Aβ42-treated U87 cells showed significantly increased protein expressions of Bax, and exhibited lowered viability following co-culture with 5 μmol/L Aβ42-treated U87 cells. The isolated mouse astrocytes showed lowered viability following Aβ42 treatment above 10 μmol/L, but SFN treatment below 5 μmol/L for 24 did not obviously affect the cell viability. The primary neurons co-cultured with Aβ42-treated mouse astrocytes showed significantly lower cell viability than those co-cultured with the astrocytes treated with Aβ+SFN or Aβ+SB203580. CONCLUSIONS: SFN attenuates astrocyte-mediated neuron apoptosis by inhibiting the MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway in Aβ42 oligomer-activated astrocytes.
[Overexpression of lncRNA SNHG12 promotes docetaxel resistance of prostate cancer cells by activating PI3K/AKT signaling interacting with ELAVL1].
Zhao C, Li W, Zheng B … +3 more , Wang G, Xiao Z, Li Y
Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao · 2026 Jan · PMID 41540705 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the regulatory role of lncRNA SNHG12 in docetaxel (DTX) resistance of prostate cancer (PCa) cells. METHODS: Tumor-bearing male BALB/c nude mouse models were stablished by dorsal subcutaneous in...
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the regulatory role of lncRNA SNHG12 in docetaxel (DTX) resistance of prostate cancer (PCa) cells. METHODS: Tumor-bearing male BALB/c nude mouse models were stablished by dorsal subcutaneous injection of PC-3 cells or DTX-resistant PC-3 (PC-3R) cells, either with or without transfection with sh-SNHG12 prior to the injection (=5). The expressions of the key genes and proteins in the tumor tissues were detected using RT-qPCR, Western blotting, immunofluorescence staining or immunohistochemistry. The proliferation and migration of the treated cells were evaluated with CCK-8, clone formation and Transwell migration assays. RIP-qPCR technique was used to determine the binding between the RNAs and proteins. RESULTS: SNHG12 expression was significantly up-regulated in PC-3R cells. SNHG12 knockdown effectively inhibited proliferation and migration of PC-3R cells and suppressed tumor growth in nude mice. While 10 nmol/L DTX treatment alone did not significantly affect proliferation or migration of PC-3R cells, its combination with SNHG12 knockdown strongly inhibited cell proliferation and migration both and in the tumor-bearing mice. The expression of ELAVL1 was obviously up-regulated in PC-3R cells, and increased activation level of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway was detected in both PC-3R cells and the xenografts. The effect of SNHG12 knockdown was significantly weakened by treatment with the PI3K activator 740 Y-P. SNHG12 was found to bind to ELAVL1 in PC-3R cells, and mechanistic studies showed that their binding activated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to result in DTX resistance in PCa. CONCLUSIONS: SNHG12 knockdown inhibits DTX resistance of PCa cells by reducing SNHG12 binding to ELAVL1 to inhibit the activation the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
[ERI3 expression is elevated in hepatocellular carcinoma and correlates with poor patient prognosis].
Zhao X, Wang H, Song Y … +6 more , Yuan S, Zhang Z, Zhou X, Li S, Li X, Li F
Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao · 2026 Jan · PMID 41540704 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To analyze the expression pattern of Exoribonuclease Family Member 3 (ERI3) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and its influences on long-term prognosis and cancer cell metastasis. METHODS: Based on th...
OBJECTIVES: To analyze the expression pattern of Exoribonuclease Family Member 3 (ERI3) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and its influences on long-term prognosis and cancer cell metastasis. METHODS: Based on the TCGA-LIHC dataset (including 377 HCC and 50 adjacent normal tissues), the differential expression of ERI3 was analyzed using DESeq2, and the results were validated using immunohistochemical data from the HPA database. A protein-protein interaction network was constructed using STRING and GeneMANIA. The prognostic value of ERI3 was assessed by Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival analyses, its diagnostic efficacy evaluated by ROC curve analysis, and its correlation with immune infiltration analyzed with ssGSEA algorithm. A nomogram prognostic model was established using multivariate Cox regression. For functional validation of ERI3 , a human HCC cell line SMMC-7721 with ERI3 knockdown was constructed, and the changes in cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were assessed using CCK-8, colony formation, wound healing, and Transwell assays. RESULTS: ERI3 was significantly overexpressed in HCC tissues (<0.001) and its expression levels increased progressively with advanced TNM stages (T1-T4: <0.001). In HCC patients, high ERI3 expressions were correlated with a reduced overall survival (HR=2.86, 95% : 1.68-4.88; <0.001), disease-specific survival (HR=2.27, =0.013), and progression-free interval (HR=1.83, =0.012). Diagnostic efficacy analysis revealed an AUC of 0.955 (95% : 0.931-0.978) for ERI3. Immune infiltration studies demonstrated a positive correlation of ERI3 expression level with Th2 cells (=0.340, <0.001) and a negative correlation with Th17 cells (=-0.284, <0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified ERI3 as an independent prognostic factor for HCC (HR=1.987, =0.003), and the constructed nomogram showed a good predictive accuracy (C-index=0.668). In SMMC-7721 cells, ERI3 knockdown significantly suppressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. CONCLUSIONS: ERI3 overexpression promotes HCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and is strongly linked to a poor prognosis of the patients.
[Exosomes from folic acid-treated subpatellar fat pad-derived mesenchymal stem cells promote M2 polarization of macrophages ].
Wang Z, Kong K, Jin M … +7 more , Ng S, Fan W, Zhai Z, Hu Z, Niu L, Qi Y, Xu Y
Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao · 2026 Jan · PMID 41540703 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of exosomes derived from folic acid (FA)-treated infrapatellar fat pad mesenchymal stem cells (IPFP-MSCs) on M1 and M2 polarization of macrophages . METHODS: Infrapatellar fat pad tissu...
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of exosomes derived from folic acid (FA)-treated infrapatellar fat pad mesenchymal stem cells (IPFP-MSCs) on M1 and M2 polarization of macrophages . METHODS: Infrapatellar fat pad tissues were obtained from surgical patients without knee osteoarthritis to isolate IPFP-MSCs. The exosomes were extracted from the cell cultures with or without FA treatment and identified by transmission electron microscopy, TEM, NTA and Western blotting. RAW264.7 cells were induced with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and incubated with exosomes from FA-treated or untreated IPFP-MSCs for 12 h, and Exos uptake was observed using confocal microscopy. The changes in expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, iNOS, ARG1, MRC1, and CD206 in the macrophages were detected using qRT-PCR, ELISA, flow cytometry and immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS: The exosomes derived from IPFP-MSCs showed a typical cup shape, were positive for CD9 and CD81, and could be uptaken by macrophages. In LPS-induced macrophages, incubation with exosomes from FA-treated IPFP-MSCs significantly decreased the expressions of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF‑α, and NOS2, and increased the expressions of ARG1 and MRC1. Treatment of the macrophages with exosomes from FA-treated IPFP-MSCs significantly lowered CD86-positive cell percentage, increased CD206-positive cells and the CD206/CD86 ratio, lowered cellular expression of iNOS, and enhanced the expression of CD206. CONCLUSIONS: Exosomes from FA-treated IPFP-MSCs promotes M2 polarization of macrophages more effectively than exosomes from unmodified IPFP-MSCs, suggesting a new exosome modification strategy for targeted treatment of knee osteoarthritis.
[β‑blockers after percutaneous coronary intervention does not reduce risks of all-cause mortality or major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with stable coronary artery disease].
Gao X, Xiao J, Feng N … +5 more , Guo C, Cao L, Zhang C, Zhang Y, Han T
Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao · 2026 Jan · PMID 41540702 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To explore the association between the use of β-blockers and the risks of all-cause mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in patients with stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) after percu...
OBJECTIVES: To explore the association between the use of β-blockers and the risks of all-cause mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in patients with stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). METHODS: We performed secondary analyses of the data of 55 SCAD patients receiving post-PCI β-blocker treatment and 149 patients without post-PCI β‑blockers (control group) from the Dryad database. The clinical and coronary artery disease characteristics of the patients were analyzed, and propensity score matching was used to compare all-cause mortality and MACEs (including cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction and non-fatal stroke) between the two groups. RESULTS: The overall patients (69.6% were male) had a mean age of 72.6±10.3 years with a median follow-up time of 783 days. A total of 18 patients (8.8%) died, and MACEs occurred in 19 patients (9.3%), including cardiovascular death in 6 cases (2.9%), non-fatal myocardial infarction in 3 cases (1.5%) and non-fatal stroke in 11 cases (5.4%). In the β‑blocker group, deaths occurred in 5 cases (9.1%), and MACEs in 4 cases (7.3%), including 2 cases with cardiovascular death (3.6%) and 2 cases with non-fatal stroke (3.6%). Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis showed that the use of β-blockers after PCI was not associated with a reduced all-cause mortality (8.7% 9.1%, log-rank =0.870) or incidence of MACEs (10.1% 7.3%, log-rank =0.510) either before or after adjusting for age, sex, aspartate aminotransferase, estimated glomerular filtration rate, left ventricular ejection fraction, and history of atrial fibrillation (HR=0.81, 95% : 0.24-2.72; HR=0.62, 95% : 0.22-1.69). No significant differences were found in all-cause death or MACEs between the two groups after propensity score adjustment, matching, or IPTW inverse probability weighting (all >0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Routine use of β-blockers after PCI does not reduce the incidence of all-cause death or MACEs in patients with SCAD.
[EVA1A overexpression improves non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice by regulating lipid metabolism and promoting lipophagy].
Xu J, Yang D, Zang K … +6 more , Chu M, Zhao Q, Li Q, Lu S, Chen X, Li N
Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao · 2026 Jan · PMID 41540701 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the role of transmembrane protein EVA1A in liver lipid metabolism and development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). METHODS: Eight-week-old male ob/ob mice were randomized into cont...
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the role of transmembrane protein EVA1A in liver lipid metabolism and development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). METHODS: Eight-week-old male ob/ob mice were randomized into control group injected with AAV null vector the tail vein (AAV-null group) and AAV-Eva1a group injected with recombinant vector AAV-Eva1a (=8). HepG2 cells transfected with the lentiviral vector LV-EVA1A or the null vector were induced with oleic acid to construct a cell model of NAFLD. The expression levels of EVA1A, lipid metabolism-related and autophagy-related genes in mouse livers were detected with RT-qPCR, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining, and lipid accumulation in mouse livers and blood and in the treated cells was examined with HE and Oil Red O staining and lipid detection kits. Serum levels of ALT, AST, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α of the mice were detected, and hepatic lipophagy was observed with transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS: The mouse livers in AAV-Eva1a group and LV-EVA1A-transfected cells showed significantly increased expression levels of EVA1A mRNA and protein. The liver weight and coefficient and lipid deposition of the mice with AAV-Eva1a injection and triglyceride (TG) content in LV-EVA1A-transfected cells were significantly decreased. The mice in AAV-Eva1a group showed significantly reduced serum total cholesterol, LDL-C, and HDL-C levels and hepatic TG levels with lowered serum levels of ALT, AST, IL-6 and TNF‑α. In both mouse livers in AAV-Eva1a group and LV-EVA1A-transfected HepG2 cells, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, fatty acid transport protein, and diacylglycerol acyltransferase expressions were all significantly decreased and adipose triglyceride lipase increased. Hepatic lipophagy, autophagosome numbers and LC3-II and ATG5 expressions were enhanced and p62 expression was lowered in the mice in AAV-Eva1a group and LV-EVA1A-transfected cells. CONCLUSIONS: EVA1A overexpression alleviates fatty liver and inflammation in ob/ob mice by regulating lipid metabolism-related genes and enhancing lipophagy to promote clearance of accumulated hepatic lipids.
[Enhancement of radiomics-based machine learning models for predicting efficacy of high-intensity focused ultrasound ablation of uterine fibroids using undersampling methods].
Cui Y, Feng M, Yao L … +3 more , Yan J, Li W, Huang Y
Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao · 2026 Jan · PMID 41540700 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To improve the accuracy of machine learning models for preoperative prediction of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation efficacy for uterine fibroids by correcting class imbalance in small sample...
OBJECTIVES: To improve the accuracy of machine learning models for preoperative prediction of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation efficacy for uterine fibroids by correcting class imbalance in small sample datasets using undersampling methods. METHODS: Clinical and imaging data were collected from 140 patients with uterine fibroids undergoing HIFU treatment at Foshan Women and Children Hospital, including 104 with high ablation rates and 36 with low ablation rates. Radiomic features were extracted from MRI T2-weighted images (T2WI) of the patients, and machine learning models were constructed to predict HIFU treatment outcomes. Four machine learning algorithms, including k-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), were coupled with 7 undersampling methods, namely Random Undersampling (RUS), Repeated Edited Nearest Neighbors (RENN), All k-Nearest Neighbors (AllKNN), Neighborhood Cleaning Rule-3 (NM), Condensed Nearest Neighbor (CNN), Neighborhood Cleaning Rule (NCR), and Instance Hardness Threshold (IHT), for handling class imbalance in the datasets. The 28 prediction models were evaluated using 5-fold cross-validation for areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), accuracy, recall, and specificity. RESULTS: The best combinations of undersampling methods and machine learning models CNN-RF, NM-SVM, CNN-KNN, and NM-MLP had AUCs of 0.772 (95% : 0.566-0.942), 0.797 (95% : 0.600-0.950), 0.822 (95% : 0.635-0.964), and 0.822 (95% : 0.632-0.960), respectively. The AUCs of the machine learning models significantly increased after coupling with undersampling methods, with the MLP model showing the most pronounced improvement. The recall rates of the 4 combined models also improved significantly (by 0.389 for CNN-RF, 0.836 for NM-SVM, 0.532 for CNN-KNN, and 0.372 for NM-MLP). CONCLUSIONS: The use of undersampling methods can effectively correct class imbalance in small sample datasets to improve the accuracy of machine learning models for predicting the efficacy of HIFU ablation for uterine fibroids.
[Poricoic acid A alleviates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice by regulating AMPK/mTOR-mediated autophagy and inhibiting intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis].
Qiao T, Yin L, Zhang K … +5 more , Niu M, Huang J, Geng Z, Li J, Hu J
Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao · 2026 Jan · PMID 41540699 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the mechanism of poricoic acid A (PAA) for alleviating dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. METHODS: Eighteen C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control group, DSS-induced...
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the mechanism of poricoic acid A (PAA) for alleviating dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. METHODS: Eighteen C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control group, DSS-induced colitis model group, and PAA intervention (10 mg/kg) group. The changes in body weight, colon length, disease activity index (DAI), and histopathological scores of the mice were evaluated. In a DSS-induced Caco-2 cell model, the changes in expressions of ZO-1, claudin-1, Bcl-2, Bax, cleaved caspase-3, LC3-II/I, and P62 were detected. Molecular docking and Western blotting were used to analyze the mechanisms underlying the ameliorating effect of PAA on DSS-induced colitis. RESULTS: In the mouse models of DSS-induced colitis, PAA significantly ameliorated DSS-induced weight loss, colon shortening, and elevation of DAI scores while reducing colonic IL-1β and TNF-α levels. HE staining showed that PAA obviously alleviated colonic crypt damage, reduced inflammatory cell infiltration, and lowered histopathological scores of the colon. AB-PAS staining revealed significantly increased goblet cell counts in PAA-treated mice compared to those in DSS group. In DSS-induced Caco-2 cells, PAA treatment effectively inhibited DSS-induced downregulation of the tight junction proteins, reduced Bax and cleaved caspase-3 expressions, increased Bcl-2 expression and the LC3-II/I ratio, and decreased P62 expression. Mechanistic study suggested that PAA targeted the AMPK/mTOR pathway to activate autophagy and suppress cell apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS: PAA protects intestinal barrier function and alleviates DSS-induced colitis in mice by activating AMPK/mTOR-mediated autophagy and inhibiting intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis.
[Exposures to volatile organic compounds are positively correlated with risks of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease].
Li K, Zeng W, Zhang Y … +2 more , Zhu X, Guo B
Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao · 2026 Jan · PMID 41540698 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To assess the association between urinary levels of volatile organic compound metabolites (mVOCs) and risks of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in the general adult population....
OBJECTIVES: To assess the association between urinary levels of volatile organic compound metabolites (mVOCs) and risks of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in the general adult population. METHODS: Based on 4 cycles of cross-sectional surveys from the 2011-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), generalized linear models were employed to evaluate the associations between individual mVOC exposures and the risk of MASLD. A two-stage Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator-Weighted Quantile Sum (LASSO-WQS) regression model was constructed to investigate the relationship between mixed mVOCs exposures and MASLD risk, and the relative contributions of the individual compounds were quantitatively analyzed. RESULTS: The single-exposure analysis revealed significant positive associations of 2-aminothiazoline-4-carboxylic acid (ATCA), N-acetyl-S‑(2-carboxyethyl)‑L-cysteine (CEMA), and N-acetyl-S-(3,4-dihydroxybutyl)-L-cysteine (DHBMA) with MASLD risk after adjusting for confounders. In the two-stage mixed-exposure analysis, the first-stage LASSO regression identified 6 mVOCs with stronger association with MASLD risk. The second-stage WQS regression demonstrated a statistically significant positive association between mixed mVOCs exposures and MASLD risk (OR=1.306, 95% : 1.132-1.507; <0.001), with CEMA contributing the highest weight (36%). CONCLUSIONS: The study reveals a significant positive association between urinary levels of mVOCs mixtures and MASLD risk, suggesting potential hepatotoxic effects of VOC (especially CEMA) exposures, which urges future mechanistic studies of VOC mixture-related health impacts and listing of CEMA for health risk control.
[Antitumor component-Ι in venom inhibits proliferation and migration of cisplatin-resistant gastric cancer cells by downregulating RAI14].
Li Y, Li CDC, Guo R … +5 more , Han H, Lu L, Zhou F, Zhi H, 支 慧
Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao · 2026 Jan · PMID 41540697 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the inhibitory effect of antitumor component-Ι in venom (AHVAC-I) on proliferation and migration of cisplatin-resistant gastric cancer cells and explore the underlying mechanism. METHODS: Cisplat...
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the inhibitory effect of antitumor component-Ι in venom (AHVAC-I) on proliferation and migration of cisplatin-resistant gastric cancer cells and explore the underlying mechanism. METHODS: Cisplatin-resistant MKN-28 (MKN-28/DDP) cells were obtained by continuous exposure of MKN-28 cells to stepwise-increasing concentrations of cisplatin. MKN-28/DDP cells were treated with different concentrations of AHVAC-I, and the changes in proliferation, migration and invasion of the cells were examined with colony-forming assay, CCK-8 assay wound-healing assay, and Transwell assay. Western blotting was performed to examine the effect of AHVAC-I on expressions of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers of MKN-28/DDP cells; the changes in protein and mRNA expression of retinoic acid induced 14 (RAI14) was detected with Western blotting and qRT-PCR. RESULTS: Treatment with 2, 4, and 8 μg/mL AHVAC-I significantly inhibited proliferative, migratory and invasion abilities and reduced the expressions of EMT markers in MKN-28/DDP cells. Compared with MKN-28 cells, MKN-28/DP cells showed an increased expression of RAI14, which was significantly lowered after treatment with AHVAC-I. Supplementation with exogenous RAI14 obviously attenuated the inhibitory effect of AHVAC-I on proliferation and migration of MKN-28/DDP cells. CONCLUSIONS: AHVAC-I decreases proliferation and invasion of MKN-28/DDP cells by downregulating RAI14 expression.
[Efficacy and safety of super electroconvulsive therapy for treatment-resistant depression: a retrospective analysis of 292 cases].
An J, Chi Z, Zhao C … +3 more , Li Y, Wang R, Hu Y
Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao · 2026 Jan · PMID 41540696 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of super electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). METHODS: This cohort study was conducted among 292 patients with TRD, who received super...
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of super electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). METHODS: This cohort study was conducted among 292 patients with TRD, who received super ECT from December, 2024 to June, 2025. Eighty-eight of the patients received one electrical stimulation in each super ECT procedure (E1 group), 89 had 2 electrical stimulations (E2 group), and 39 had 3 electrical stimulations (E3 group). The correlation between depression, anxiety and sleep quality at baseline was analyzed. The patients were evaluated using 17-items Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD-17) at 1, 3, and 6 months after the first super ECT session, and the treatment remission rate and response rate were compared among the 3 groups. The number of sessions and incidences of adverse events within 6 months were compared, and the EEG seizure duration at the first super ECT session was analyzed. RESULTS: Seventy-four patients (84.09%) in group E1, 76 (76.40%) in group E2, and 32 (82.05%) in group E3 achieved remission within 6 months after super ECT. The average number of treatment sessions was 2.13±1.44 in Group E1, 2.23±2.01 in Group E2, and 2.41±2.15 in Group E3 within 6 months. The baseline HAMA, HAMD-17 and PSQI scores were significantly correlated (<0.001). The first seizure duration in E1 group was significantly longer than that in E2 and E3 groups (<0.001). The rehospitalization rates were significantly higher in E2 group than in E1 group at 3 months (=0.012) and 6 months (=0.026). The short-term adverse effects included fever, headache/dizziness, general pain and dry mouth. CONCLUSIONS: Super ECT is safe and effective for treatment of TRD patients with a total seizure duration longer than 180 s. The number of electrical stimulations in each treatment session does not significantly affect the therapeutic efficacy of super ECT.
[ Granules alleviates 5-fluorouracil-induced skeletal muscle injury in tumor-bearing mice by inhibiting mitochondria-dependent apoptosis and activating the AMPK-PGC-1α pathway].
Zhao J, Peng J, Lin M … +3 more , Zhu X, Huang B, Lin J
Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao · 2026 Jan · PMID 41540695 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To explore the therapeutic mechanism of granules (QFG) for alleviating 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced skeletal muscle atrophy. METHODS: Male BALB/c mice bearing subcutaneous colorectal cancer CT26 cell xenogr...
OBJECTIVES: To explore the therapeutic mechanism of granules (QFG) for alleviating 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced skeletal muscle atrophy. METHODS: Male BALB/c mice bearing subcutaneous colorectal cancer CT26 cell xenografts were randomized into control group, model group, and treatment group. The mice in model and treatment groups were given intraperitoneal 5-FU injections every 3 days and treated with daily gavage of saline and QFG for 21 days, respectively; the mice in the control group and normally fed mice were given only saline gavage. Gripping test and hanging test of the mice were performed before and after the treatment, and on day 21, tumor weight and gastrocnemius muscle weight were measured, and histopathology and cell apoptosis in the gastrocnemius muscle were examined with HE staining, transmission electron microscopy and TUNEL assay. ATP content in the muscle was measured, and protein expressions of AMPK, PGC-1α, Cyt c, AIF, Apaf-1, Smac, Bcl-2, Bax, cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-9 were determined with immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The tumor-bearing mice in the control group showed significantly decreased gastrocnemius muscle weight and grip and suspension test scores. The gastrocnemius muscle showed ultrastructure injuries with lowered ATP content, obvious cell apoptosis, decreased expressions of AMPK, PGC-1 α, and Bcl-2, and increased expressions of Bax, Cyto C, AIF, Apaf-1, Smac, cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-9. These changes were obviously worsened in 5-FU-treated mice, while QFG treatment significantly increased gastrocnemius muscle weight and strength, ameliorated its ultrastructural injuries, reduced cell apoptosis, and reversed the abnormal protein expressions. CONCLUSIONS: QFG alleviates 5-FU-induced skeletal muscle fatigue in tumor-bearing mice by activating the AMPK/PGC-1α pathway and inhibiting mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in the gastrocnemius muscle.
[ Recipe improves type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with hyperlipidemia by multi-target regulation of the inflammation-metabolism network: network pharmacology analysis and clinical validation].
Li Z, Zhou F, Sun X … +4 more , Zhao H, Jin Y, He P, Jia Y
Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao · 2026 Jan · PMID 41540694 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To explore the therapeutic mechanism of Recipe (JZQBR) for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complicated with hyperlipidemia and validate its clinical efficacy and safety. METHODS: The active components and di...
OBJECTIVES: To explore the therapeutic mechanism of Recipe (JZQBR) for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complicated with hyperlipidemia and validate its clinical efficacy and safety. METHODS: The active components and disease targets of JZQBR were screened using TCMSP and GeneCards databases, followed by protein-protein interaction analysis and GO and KEGG enrichment analyses. In the animal experiments, mice were randomized into blank control, model, simvastatin treatment, and low- and high-dose JZQBR groups. In the latter 4 groups, the mice were fed a high-fat diet for 24 weeks with corresponding treatments from Weeks 9 to 24. The changes in body weight, blood glucose, lipids, liver pathology, and inflammatory cytokine expressions of the mice were examined. In the clinical study, 72 T2DM patients with hyperlipidemia were randomized equally into control group for treatment with metformin plus empagliflozin and JZQBR group with additional JZQBR for 12 consecutive weeks. RESULTS: Network pharmacology identified 65 potential targets, with quercetin, kaempferol, and luteolin as the core components and IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF‑α as the key targets. The targets were enriched mainly in the pathways involving inflammatory responses and diabetic complications. In the mouse models, JZQBR treatment dose-dependently improved body weight, blood glucose, and blood lipid profiles, and high-dose JZQBR produced a stronger effect than simvastatin for improving hepatic steatosis and significantly reduced inflammatory cytokine levels. In the clinical trial, 29 patients in JZQBR group and 31 in the control group completed the trial. The patients in JZQBR group showed significant improvements in body weight, FBG, TG, HbA1c, and liver enzymes with significantly lower fasting blood glucose level than the control group. The total effective rates were comparable between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: JZQBR improves T2DM complicated with hyperlipidemia possibly by multi-target regulation of the inflammation-metabolism network.
[Aerobic exercise regulates macrophage polarization and improves insulin resistance in mice: the mediating role of miR-221-3p].
Li N, Zhang L, Guo Q … +2 more , Zhou Y, Liu C
Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao · 2026 Jan · PMID 41540693 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To explore the role of miR-221-3p in mediating the positive effects of aerobic exercise on macrophage polarization in the adipose tissues and insulin resistance (IR). METHODS: Sixteen normal C57BL/6J mice and...
OBJECTIVES: To explore the role of miR-221-3p in mediating the positive effects of aerobic exercise on macrophage polarization in the adipose tissues and insulin resistance (IR). METHODS: Sixteen normal C57BL/6J mice and 16 mice with IR induced by high-fat diet (HFD) feeding for 12 weeks were both randomized into sedentary group and exercise group with aerobic exercise training on a treadmill (5 times per week for 8 consecutive weeks). All the mice were examined for changes in body weight, body composition, fasting blood glucose, blood lipid levels, insulin levels, miR-221-3p expression level, mRNA levels of , -α and -1, and protein levels of SOCS1, JAK1, p-STAT1, and p-STAT3 in the adipose tissues, and the targeting relationship between miR-221-3p and SOCS1 was validated using dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. In RAW264.7 macrophages, the effects of transfection with miR-221-3p mimic or inhibitor on macrophage polarization were observed. RESULTS: In mice with normal feeding, aerobic exercise significantly decreased body weight, fat mass, fat percent, fasting blood glucose, serum insulin level, HOMA-IR, and TC and TG levels, and reduced miR-221-3p levels in both the plasma and the adipose tissues. The sedentary IR mice showed significantly increased miR-221-3p levels in both the plasma and adipose tissue, increased protein levels of iNOS, JAK1, and p-STAT1/STAT1, and decreased protein levels of Arg-1, SOCS1 and p-STAT3/STAT3, which were significantly reversed after aerobic exercise intervention. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assays validated the targeting relationship between miR-221-3p and SOCS1. In RAW264.7 macrophages, miR-221-3p overexpression significantly reduced and mRNA expression, whereas miR-221-3p inhibition obviously promoted M2 polarization of the macrophages. CONCLUSIONS: Aerobic exercise improves HFD-induced IR in mice possibly by inhibiting miR-221-3p to activate the SOCS1 and JAK/STAT signaling pathway, thereby promoting macrophage M2 polarization and alleviating chronic inflammation in the adipose tissue.
[Pathological characteristics of pigmented pretibial patches and vascular-immune abnormalities in diabetic patients].
Liu X, Chang B
Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao · 2026 Jan · PMID 41540692 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To explore pathological and immune cell infiltration characteristics of pigmented pretibial patches in diabetic patients. METHODS: Forty-two diabetic patients undergoing thigh amputation at Tianjin Medical Un...
OBJECTIVES: To explore pathological and immune cell infiltration characteristics of pigmented pretibial patches in diabetic patients. METHODS: Forty-two diabetic patients undergoing thigh amputation at Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital were enrolled. Before the operation, the pretibial skin of the patients were examined and sampled for HE and Masson staining. The thickness of the epidermis and the density of blood vessels in the dermis were compared between patients with and without pigmented pretibial patches. The expressions of VEGFA and VEGFR2 in the skin tissues were detected using Western blotting, and CD4 and CD8 cells and the CD4/CD8 ratio were analyzed with immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: Compared with the patients without pigmented pretibial patches, the patients with pigmented pretibial patches showed obvious thickening of the epidermal spinous layer, irregular downward extension of the epidermal projections, hyperkeratosis, melanin deposition in the basal layer, increased capillaries in the dermis, and localized, well-defined inflammatory cell infiltration around the blood vessels. In pigmented pretibial patches group, Masson staining revealed irregular arrangement, thickening and hyaline degeneration of collagen fibers, significantly increased epidermal thickness and blood vessel density in the dermis, increased CD4 cells and the CD4/CD8 ratio, and reduced CD8 cells. CONCLUSIONS: The pigmented pretibial patches in diabetic patients show obvious pathological changes possibly due to vascular and immune abnormalities.
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