Searches / Food And Chemical Toxicology[JOURNAL]

Food And Chemical Toxicology[JOURNAL]

Sun 200 papers

Update to RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, 4-heptanol, 2,6-dimethyl-,acetate, CAS Registry Number 10250-45-0.

Api AM, Bartlett A, Belsito D … +31 more , Botelho D, Bruze M, Bryant-Friedrich A, Burton GA, Cancellieri MA, Chon H, Cronin M, Crotty S, Dagli ML, Dekant W, Deodhar C, Farrell K, Fryer AD, Jones L, Joshi K, Lapczynski A, Laskin DL, Lavelle M, Lee I, Moustakas H, Muldoon J, Penning TM, Piersma AH, Ritacco G, Sadekar N, Schember I, Schultz TW, Siddiqi F, Sipes IG, Sullivan G, Thakkar Y

Food Chem Toxicol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42269849 · Publisher ↗

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Associations of bisphenol mixture exposure with glucose metabolism during mid-pregnancy: A focus on emerging substitutes in a Chinese birth cohort.

Huang Z, Zhang A, Zhu M … +3 more , Zhai Q, Dou L, Mei J

Food Chem Toxicol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42269848 · Publisher ↗

With the widespread use of bisphenol A (BPA) substitutes such as BPS and BPF, pregnant women are commonly exposed to complex mixtures of these endocrine-disrupting chemicals. However, epidemiological evidence on the comb... With the widespread use of bisphenol A (BPA) substitutes such as BPS and BPF, pregnant women are commonly exposed to complex mixtures of these endocrine-disrupting chemicals. However, epidemiological evidence on the combined effects of bisphenol mixtures on gestational glucose metabolism remains limited. This study included 1258 pregnant women from the Wuhu Birth Cohort in China. Serum concentrations of BPA, BPS, BPF, and BPAF were measured using UHPLC-MS/MS. Glucose metabolism was assessed by 75-g OGTT measuring fasting, 1-h, and 2-h plasma glucose. We employed multivariable linear regression for single-chemical analysis and three advanced mixture models-Weighted Quantile Sum (WQS) regression, Quantile-based g-computation (Qgcomp), and Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR)-to evaluate the joint effects. All four bisphenols were frequently detected, with BPS showing 100% detection rate. Single-chemical models showed significant associations of BPS and BPF with elevated glucose at all time points (e.g., for 1-h glucose and BPS: β = 0.371 mmol/L per SD increase in ln-BPS, 95% CI: 0.218-0.524). The mixture analysis consistently demonstrated significant joint effects: WQS showed a positive association between the mixture index and all glucose measures (e.g., β = 0.129, 95% CI: 0.058-0.200 for 1-h glucose); Qgcomp indicated that a simultaneous quartile increase in all bisphenols was associated with a 0.343 mmol/L rise in 1-h glucose (95% CI: 0.179-0.507); BKMR revealed an approximately linear increase in glucose levels with mixture exposure. Across all mixture models, BPS consistently emerged as the primary contributor, with the highest weights in WQS (up to 0.542) and posterior inclusion probabilities approaching 1.0 in BKMR. Our study demonstrates that exposure to bisphenol mixtures significantly impairs mid-pregnancy glucose metabolism, with BPS and BPF serving as the predominant risk contributors. These findings underscore the necessity of mixture-based exposure assessment and support the inclusion of BPA substitutes in future public health regulations.

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Protective effects of resveratrol against perfluorooctane sulfonamide-induced cardiac developmental toxicity in zebrafish larvae.

Wang K, Chen X, Zhang M … +2 more , Jiang Y, Chen T

Food Chem Toxicol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42263926 · Publisher ↗

We have reported that Perfluorooctane sulfonamide (PFOSA), a direct precursor of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), disrupts cardiac development by activating the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and inducing oxidative... We have reported that Perfluorooctane sulfonamide (PFOSA), a direct precursor of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), disrupts cardiac development by activating the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and inducing oxidative stress. Resveratrol (RSV) is a natural polyphenolic compound with both AhR-inhibitory and antioxidant properties. Therefore, we hypothesized that RSV may exert protective effects against PFOSA-induced cardiac defects. In the present study, we demonstrated that PFOSA exposure led to cardiac malformations and functional impairments in zebrafish embryos, effects that were significantly alleviated by RSV. Mechanistically, RSV not only suppressed PFOSA-induced oxidative stress, reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, normalized gstp1, cat, sod2 expression, but attenuated AhR activation (downregulation of cyp1a1 and nqo1). Additionally, RSV mitigated PFOSA-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress, reduced C/EBP homologous protein (Chop) expression and eIF2α phosphorylation, alleviated mitochondrial damage (lowered mitochondrial ROS, restored membrane potential), and suppressed apoptosis (fewer apoptotic bodies, decreased cleaved caspase-3). Collectively, these findings indicate that RSV protects against PFOSA-induced cardiac defects by inhibiting PFOSA-induced AhR activation and oxidative stress, thereby suppressing downstream ER stress, mitochondrial damage, and apoptosis processes.

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RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, 3-hexene, 1,1',''-[ethylidynestris(oxy)]tris-, (3Z, 3'Z,3"Z)-, CAS registry number 215305-10-5.

Api AM, Bartlett A, Belsito D … +31 more , Botelho D, Bruze M, Bryant-Friedrich A, Burton GA, Cancellieri MA, Chon H, Cronin M, Crotty S, Dagli ML, Dekant W, Deodhar C, Farrell K, Fryer AD, Jones L, Joshi K, Lapczynski A, Laskin DL, Lavelle M, Lee I, Moustakas H, Muldoon J, Penning TM, Piersma AH, Ritacco G, Sadekar N, Schember I, Schultz TW, Siddiqi F, Sipes IG, Sullivan G, Thakkar Y

Food Chem Toxicol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42252022 · Publisher ↗

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Update to RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, cyclohexanone, 2-ethyl-4,4-dimethyl-, CAS registry number 55739-89-4.

Api AM, Bartlett A, Belsito D … +31 more , Botelho D, Bruze M, Bryant-Friedrich A, Burton GA, Cancellieri MA, Chon H, Cronin M, Crotty S, Dagli ML, Dekant W, Deodhar C, Farrell K, Fryer AD, Jones L, Joshi K, Lapczynski A, Laskin DL, Lavelle M, Lee I, Moustakas H, Muldoon J, Penning TM, Piersma AH, Ritacco G, Sadekar N, Schember I, Schultz TW, Siddiqi F, Sipes IG, Sullivan G, Thakkar Y

Food Chem Toxicol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42252021 · Publisher ↗

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Update to RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, methyl 3-hydroxyhexanoate, CAS Registry Number 21188-58-9.

Api AM, Bartlett A, Belsito D … +31 more , Botelho D, Bruze M, Bryant-Friedrich A, Burton GA, Cancellieri MA, Chon H, Cronin M, Crotty S, Dagli ML, Dekant W, Deodhar C, Farrell K, Fryer AD, Jones L, Joshi K, Lapczynski A, Laskin DL, Lavelle M, Lee I, Moustakas H, Muldoon J, Penning TM, Piersma AH, Ritacco G, Sadekar N, Schember I, Schultz TW, Siddiqi F, Sipes IG, Sullivan G, Thakkar Y

Food Chem Toxicol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42252020 · Publisher ↗

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RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, 4-methyl-2-phenyl-2-pentenal, CAS Registry Number 26643-91-4.

Api AM, Bartlett A, Belsito D … +31 more , Botelho D, Bruze M, Bryant-Friedrich A, Burton GA, Cancellieri MA, Chon H, Cronin M, Crotty S, Dagli ML, Dekant W, Deodhar C, Farrell K, Fryer AD, Jones L, Joshi K, Lapczynski A, Laskin DL, Lavelle M, Lee I, Moustakas H, Muldoon J, Penning TM, Piersma AH, Ritacco G, Sadekar N, Schember I, Schultz TW, Siddiqi F, Sipes IG, Sullivan G, Thakkar Y

Food Chem Toxicol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42252019 · Publisher ↗

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RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, 2-phenyl-2-butenal, CAS Registry Number 4411-89-6.

Api AM, Bartlett A, Belsito D … +31 more , Botelho D, Bruze M, Bryant-Friedrich A, Burton GA, Cancellieri MA, Chon H, Cronin M, Crotty S, Dagli ML, Dekant W, Deodhar C, Farrell K, Fryer AD, Jones L, Joshi K, Lapczynski A, Laskin DL, Lavelle M, Lee I, Moustakas H, Muldoon J, Penning TM, Piersma AH, Ritacco G, Sadekar N, Schember I, Schultz TW, Siddiqi F, Sipes IG, Sullivan G, Thakkar Y

Food Chem Toxicol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42252018 · Publisher ↗

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Update to RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, cis-4-(isopropyl)cyclohexanemethanol, CAS registry number 13828-37-0.

Api AM, Bartlett A, Belsito D … +31 more , Botelho D, Bruze M, Bryant-Friedrich A, Burton GA, Cancellieri MA, Chon H, Cronin M, Crotty S, Dagli ML, Dekant W, Deodhar C, Farrell K, Fryer AD, Jones L, Joshi K, Lapczynski A, Laskin DL, Lavelle M, Lee I, Moustakas H, Muldoon J, Penning TM, Piersma AH, Ritacco G, Sadekar N, Schember I, Schultz TW, Siddiqi F, Sipes IG, Sullivan G, Thakkar Y

Food Chem Toxicol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42252017 · Publisher ↗

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Update to RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, 2,2,6-trimethylcyclohexanone, CAS Registry Number 2408-37-9.

Api AM, Bartlett A, Belsito D … +31 more , Botelho D, Bruze M, Bryant-Friedrich A, Burton GA, Cancellieri MA, Chon H, Cronin M, Crotty S, Dagli ML, Dekant W, Deodhar C, Farrell K, Fryer AD, Jones L, Joshi K, Lapczynski A, Laskin DL, Lavelle M, Lee I, Moustakas H, Muldoon J, Penning TM, Piersma AH, Ritacco G, Sadekar N, Schember I, Schultz TW, Siddiqi F, Sipes IG, Sullivan G, Thakkar Y

Food Chem Toxicol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42252016 · Publisher ↗

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Update to RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, cyclohexanemethanol, 2,4-dimethyl-, CAS Registry Number 68480-15-9.

Api AM, Bartlett A, Belsito D … +31 more , Botelho D, Bruze M, Bryant-Friedrich A, Burton GA, Cancellieri MA, Chon H, Cronin M, Crotty S, Dagli ML, Dekant W, Deodhar C, Farrell K, Fryer AD, Jones L, Joshi K, Lapczynski A, Laskin DL, Lavelle M, Lee I, Moustakas H, Muldoon J, Penning TM, Piersma AH, Ritacco G, Sadekar N, Schember I, Schultz TW, Siddiqi F, Sipes IG, Sullivan G, Thakkar Y

Food Chem Toxicol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42252015 · Publisher ↗

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RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, squalene, CAS Registry Number 111-02-4.

Api AM, Bartlett A, Belsito D … +31 more , Botelho D, Bruze M, Bryant-Friedrich A, Burton GA, Cancellieri MA, Chon H, Cronin M, Crotty S, Dagli ML, Dekant W, Deodhar C, Farrell K, Fryer AD, Jones L, Joshi K, Lapczynski A, Laskin DL, Lavelle M, Lee I, Moustakas H, Muldoon J, Penning TM, Piersma AH, Ritacco G, Sadekar N, Schember I, Schultz TW, Siddiqi F, Sipes IG, Sullivan G, Thakkar Y

Food Chem Toxicol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42252014 · Publisher ↗

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Update to RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, β-guaiene, CAS Registry Number 88-84-6.

Api AM, Bartlett A, Belsito D … +31 more , Botelho D, Bruze M, Bryant-Friedrich A, Burton GA, Cancellieri MA, Chon H, Cronin M, Crotty S, Dagli ML, Dekant W, Deodhar C, Farrell K, Fryer AD, Jones L, Joshi K, Lapczynski A, Laskin DL, Lavelle M, Lee I, Moustakas H, Muldoon J, Penning TM, Piersma AH, Ritacco G, Sadekar N, Schember I, Schultz TW, Siddiqi F, Sipes IG, Sullivan G, Thakkar Y

Food Chem Toxicol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42252013 · Publisher ↗

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Update to RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, phenylacetaldehyde glyceryl acetal, CAS Registry Number 29895-73-6.

Api AM, Bartlett A, Belsito D … +31 more , Botelho D, Bruze M, Bryant-Friedrich A, Burton GA, Cancellieri MA, Chon H, Cronin M, Crotty S, Dagli ML, Dekant W, Deodhar C, Farrell K, Fryer AD, Jones L, Joshi K, Lapczynski A, Laskin DL, Lavelle M, Lee I, Moustakas H, Muldoon J, Penning TM, Piersma AH, Ritacco G, Sadekar N, Schember I, Schultz TW, Siddiqi F, Sipes IG, Sullivan G, Thakkar Y

Food Chem Toxicol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42252012 · Publisher ↗

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Update to RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, dodecyldimethylamine oxide, CAS Registry Number 1643-20-5.

Api AM, Bartlett A, Belsito D … +31 more , Botelho D, Bruze M, Bryant-Friedrich A, Burton GA, Cancellieri MA, Chon H, Cronin M, Crotty S, Dagli ML, Dekant W, Deodhar C, Farrell K, Fryer AD, Jones L, Joshi K, Lapczynski A, Laskin DL, Lavelle M, Lee I, Moustakas H, Muldoon J, Penning TM, Piersma AH, Ritacco G, Sadekar N, Schember I, Schultz TW, Siddiqi F, Sipes IG, Sullivan G, Thakkar Y

Food Chem Toxicol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42250593 · Publisher ↗

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The role of p53-mediated signaling pathways in nicotine-induced cancer: a systematic review.

Jiang Q, Zhang Z, Zhou J … +2 more , Zhou T, Wang H

Food Chem Toxicol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42250592 · Publisher ↗

Nicotine, the principal addictive component of tobacco smoke, has traditionally been regarded as non-carcinogenic. However, accumulating evidence over the past two decades has established nicotine as a significant tumor... Nicotine, the principal addictive component of tobacco smoke, has traditionally been regarded as non-carcinogenic. However, accumulating evidence over the past two decades has established nicotine as a significant tumor promoter facilitating cancer initiation, progression, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. This systematic review examines the molecular mechanisms by which nicotine modulates p53-mediated signaling pathways across four major cancer types: lung, gastric, liver, and cervical cancer. In lung cancer, nicotine activates three distinct pathways (β-ARs/α7-nAChR-PKA-HA-p53-VEGF; α7-nAChR/β-ARs-VEGF-PI3K/AKT/NF-κB-p53; and nAChRs-MMP-9-sE-cad-EGFR/IGF-1R-p53), all converging to inhibit p53 activity and promote proliferation, angiogenesis, and cell survival. In gastric cancer, nicotine engages the β-AR-PKC-ERK1/2-AP-1-COX-2-p53-p21/p27 pathway, suppressing p53-mediated cell cycle arrest. In liver cancer, nicotine acts through the SETDB1-p53-RS-STAT1-CCND1-PI3K/AKT and CDK6-p53-RS-PIN1-STAT1 pathways (enhancing mutant p53-RS gain-of-function) and the β2-AR/PI3K/AKT pathway (suppressing p53 expression). In cervical cancer, nicotine drives malignant progression via the Rps27a-Mdm2-p53-p21 and PI3K/AKT-p53-p21 pathways. Nicotine's impact on p53 is highly context-dependent: it inactivates wild-type p53 while enhancing gain-of-function of mutant p53, particularly p53-RS. This review expands the theoretical framework of nicotine-induced carcinogenesis, highlights concerns regarding alternative nicotine delivery systems and crosstalk between oxidative stress and p53 regulation, and provides a scientific basis for early diagnosis, targeted therapy, and prevention of smoking-related cancers.

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RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, tricosane, CAS Registry Number 638-67-5.

Api AM, Bartlett A, Belsito D … +31 more , Botelho D, Bruze M, Bryant-Friedrich A, Burton GA, Cancellieri MA, Chon H, Cronin M, Crotty S, Dagli ML, Dekant W, Deodhar C, Farrell K, Fryer AD, Jones L, Joshi K, Lapczynski A, Laskin DL, Lavelle M, Lee I, Moustakas H, Muldoon J, Penning TM, Piersma AH, Ritacco G, Sadekar N, Schember I, Schultz TW, Siddiqi F, Sipes IG, Sullivan G, Thakkar Y

Food Chem Toxicol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42250591 · Publisher ↗

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Hexachlorobenzene and chlorpyrifos, environmental pollutants that disrupt the endocrine system, promote angiogenesis associated with endometriosis.

Ceballos L, Leturia M, Miret NV … +5 more , Pontillo C, Buján S, Núñez M, Randi A, Chiappini F

Food Chem Toxicol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42250590 · Publisher ↗

Endometriosis defined by the growth of endometrial tissues outside the uterus, affects women of reproductive age. A critical process in endometriosis progression, angiogenesis involves endothelial cell migration, prolife... Endometriosis defined by the growth of endometrial tissues outside the uterus, affects women of reproductive age. A critical process in endometriosis progression, angiogenesis involves endothelial cell migration, proliferation and tube formation, with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) playing a powerful role. Exposure to endocrine-disrupting pollutants, like Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) andChlorpyrifos (CPF), is linked to a higher risk of reproductive diseases including endometriosis. Both HCB and CPF are weak aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligands. These study examined HCB and CPF mechanisms of action in endometriosis-associated angiogenesis in vitro. Our results show that HCB (0.005, 0.05 and 5 μM) and CPF (0.5-50 μM) induced VEGF secretion in human stromal endometrial cells (T-HESCs). Moreover, HCB- or CPF-conditioned media (HCB-CM, CPF-CM) from T-HESCs boosted endothelial cell (EA.hy926) proliferation and survival. In addition, wound healing assays rendered an increase in EA.hy926 cell migration after exposure to HCB-CM (0.005-0.5 μM) or CPF-CM (5 μM), while tube-like structures revealed an increase in neovasculogenesis after HCB-CM (0.5 μM) or CPF-CM (5 μM). Our findings show that HCB- and CPF-induced angiogenesis was mediated by AhR and VEGF receptor-2. These results demonstrate that both pesticides increase VEGF secretion in endometrial cells and triggers angiogenesis, a critical event in endometriosis progression.

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Update to RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, methyl 2-nonenoate, CAS registry number 111-79-5.

Api AM, Bartlett A, Belsito D … +31 more , Botelho D, Bruze M, Bryant-Friedrich A, Burton GA, Cancellieri MA, Chon H, Cronin M, Crotty S, Dagli ML, Dekant W, Deodhar C, Farrell K, Fryer AD, Jones L, Joshi K, Lapczynski A, Laskin DL, Lavelle M, Lee I, Moustakas H, Muldoon J, Penning TM, Piersma AH, Ritacco G, Sadekar N, Schember I, Schultz TW, Siddiqi F, Sipes IG, Sullivan G, Thakkar Y

Food Chem Toxicol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42248292 · Publisher ↗

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Update to RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, 4-(isopropyl)-β-methylcyclohexanethanol, CAS Registry Number 67634-03-1.

Api AM, Bartlett A, Belsito D … +31 more , Botelho D, Bruze M, Bryant-Friedrich A, Burton GA, Cancellieri MA, Chon H, Cronin M, Crotty S, Dagli ML, Dekant W, Deodhar C, Farrell K, Fryer AD, Jones L, Joshi K, Lapczynski A, Laskin DL, Lavelle M, Lee I, Moustakas H, Muldoon J, Penning TM, Piersma AH, Ritacco G, Sadekar N, Schember I, Schultz TW, Siddiqi F, Sipes IG, Sullivan G, Thakkar Y

Food Chem Toxicol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42242345 · Publisher ↗

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