Journal Of Physical Activity & Health[JOURNAL]
Sun
34 papers
Life according to ME: Caught in the ebb-tide.
Lian OS, Rapport F
Health (London) · 2016 Nov · PMID 26755549 · Publisher ↗
In this article, we explore the role of 'place' in shaping people's illness experiences through a data-led inductive case-study based on experiential data from people living with myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME) in Norway....
In this article, we explore the role of 'place' in shaping people's illness experiences through a data-led inductive case-study based on experiential data from people living with myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME) in Norway. Our main aim is to understand how they experience, interpret and attach meaning to various places in which they reside, and how they construct the course of a life influenced by chronic illness. The study is based on stories containing photographs and written texts, received from 10 women and men. In their stories, they describe those places where they experience their illness in the least and most taxing ways. Through a narrative and photographic analysis of their stories, we explore how they perceive the relationship between place and illness as experienced, managed and endured. Our analysis is based on a place-sensitive sociology, in which we approach place both as physicality and a symbolic construction. The participants describe how a wide range of places are intimately linked to their illness experiences, and they interpret these links by referring to both physical and symbolic factors. They describe their lives in terms of a need for equilibrium between activity and rest. Risk is a strong underlying theme: whatever they do, they risk losing something. Most of all, the participants describe how they are looking for places to escape to and from. Places to escape to are those places where privacy and peace can be found, which primarily revolve around being at home. Places to escape from are those places that make their energy 'slowly ebb away'.
In the loop: Practices of self-monitoring from accounts by trial participants.
Lynch R, Cohn S
Health (London) · 2016 Sep · PMID 26466601 · Full text
Self-monitoring, by which individuals record and appraise ongoing information about the status of their body in order to improve their health, has been a key element in the personal management of conditions such as diabe...
Self-monitoring, by which individuals record and appraise ongoing information about the status of their body in order to improve their health, has been a key element in the personal management of conditions such as diabetes, but it is now also increasingly used in relation to health-associated behaviours. The introduction of self-monitoring as an intervention to change behaviour is intended to provide feedback that can be used by individuals to both assess their status and provide ongoing support towards a goal that may be formally set or remains implicit. However, little attention has been paid to how individuals actually engage in the process or act upon the information they receive. This article addresses this by exploring how participants in a particular trial ('Get Moving') experienced the process and nature of feedback. Although the trial aimed to compare the potential efficacy of three different monitoring activities designed to encourage greater physical activity, participants did not present distinctly different accounts of each intervention and the specifics of the feedback provided. Instead, their accounts took the form of much more extended and personal narratives that included other people and features of the environment. We draw on these broader descriptions to problematise the notion of self-monitoring and conclude that self-monitoring is neither solely about 'self' nor is it exclusively about 'monitoring'. We suggest that a more expansive social and material understanding of feedback can give insight into the ways information is made active and meaningful for individuals in their everyday contexts.
Impact of obesity and diabetes on arthritis: An update.
Pandey R, Kumar N, Paroha S … +4 more , Prasad R, Yadav M, Jain S, Yadav H
Health (Irvine Calif) · 2013 Jan · PMID 30595811 · Full text
The incidence of obesity and diabetes has been increased with alarming rate in recent years and became a common problem around the globe including developing as well as in developed countries with incalculable social cos...
The incidence of obesity and diabetes has been increased with alarming rate in recent years and became a common problem around the globe including developing as well as in developed countries with incalculable social costs. Obesity and type 2 diabetes are two common co-morbidities occur together. Obesity and diabetes is closely associated with many diseases, osteoarthritis, hypertension, certain form of cancer, sleep-breathing disorders and coronary heart disease. Impacts of obesity and diabetes (insulin resistance) on arthritis have been seen in patients that we associated with combination of various factors like increased availability of high- energy foods, genetic susceptibility and decreased physical activity in modern society. Arthritis is becoming pandemic around the globe and its occurrence with obesity and diabetes has been observed more common than ever. Combination of these two chronic conditions makes these diseases more vulnerable for human health. Till now very limited information is established about the pathological and mechanistic correlation among these health ailments. In this review article we aimed to survey the literature covering the influence of obesity and diabetes on arthritis pathology and tried to establish correlation with these diseases.
Leading from the middle: Constrained realities of clinical leadership in healthcare organizations.
Martin GP, Waring J
Health (London) · 2013 Jul · PMID 23060359 · Publisher ↗
In many developed-world countries, there have been efforts to increase the 'leadership capacity' of healthcare professionals, particularly lower-status staff without formal managerial power. Creating frontline 'leaders'...
In many developed-world countries, there have been efforts to increase the 'leadership capacity' of healthcare professionals, particularly lower-status staff without formal managerial power. Creating frontline 'leaders' is seen as a means of improving the quality of healthcare, but such efforts face considerable challenges in practice. This article reports on a qualitative, interview-based study of 23 staff in two UK operating theatre departments, mostly nurses by professional background, who were given formal leadership responsibilities by their hospitals and redesignated as 'team leaders' and 'theatre co-ordinators'. While participants were familiar with leadership theory and could offer clear accounts of good leadership in practice, they were often limited in their ability to enact their leadership roles. Professional and managerial hierarchies constrained participants' leadership capacity, and consequently the exercise of leadership rested on alignment with managerial relationships and mandates. The findings highlight difficulties with accounts of leadership as something to be distributed across organizations; in healthcare organizations, established institutional structures and norms render this approach problematic. Rather, if fostering leadership capacity is to have the transformational effect that policymakers desire, it may need to be accompanied by other, wider changes that attend to institutional, organizational and professional context.
Gendered perceptions of own and partner weight-level.
Christensen VT
Health (London) · 2012 Jul · PMID 22067916 · Publisher ↗
This study investigates gender differences in perceptions of body weight. Previous research has found significant gender differences in perceived weight-level, but less is known about weight perceptions of the opposite g...
This study investigates gender differences in perceptions of body weight. Previous research has found significant gender differences in perceived weight-level, but less is known about weight perceptions of the opposite gender. Based on Danish survey data (859 women and 160 men), the discrepancy between BMI weight-level and self-perceived weight-level is estimated as well as the perception of one's partner's weight-level. Two main empirical conclusions emerge. First, there are significant gender differences in weight assessment. Whereas women assess weight according to the standardized BMI weight-levels for both genders, men assess weight according to gender. The weight-level of men is often underestimated by men themselves, but both men and women tend to overestimate the weight-level of women in the lower BMI deciles compared to standardized BMI weight-levels. Second, there is greater underestimation of weight-levels for individuals in the higher BMI--especially regarding weight perceptions of the opposite gender. These findings are discussed within a framework of socio-cultural theory of body image and gendered relations.
'I see her being obesed!': Public pedagogy, reality media and the obesity crisis.
Rich E
Health (London) · 2011 Jan · PMID 21212111 · Publisher ↗
In recent years a proliferation of reality based media focusing on the body, diet and exercise have sought not only to entertain audiences, but also to operate as pedagogical sites through which to encourage populations...
In recent years a proliferation of reality based media focusing on the body, diet and exercise have sought not only to entertain audiences, but also to operate as pedagogical sites through which to encourage populations to undertake surveillance of their own and others' bodies in order to address a so-called 'obesity epidemic' sweeping across western society. This article examines how reality media function within a broader 'surveillant assemblage' (Haggerty and Ericson, 2000) of obesity. Specifically, the article explores how this assemblage functions through interdependent connections between parenting, social class and broader political discourses of parenting and health risks which produce affective relationalities of the body.
Being a 'good mother': Dietary governmentality in the family food practices of three ethnocultural groups in Canada.
Ristovski-Slijepcevic S, Chapman GE, Beagan BL
Health (London) · 2010 Sep · PMID 20801995 · Publisher ↗
In this qualitative study with three ethnocultural groups in two regions of Canada, we explore how official dietary guidelines provide particular standards concerning 'healthy eating' that marginalize other understanding...
In this qualitative study with three ethnocultural groups in two regions of Canada, we explore how official dietary guidelines provide particular standards concerning 'healthy eating' that marginalize other understandings of the relationship between food and health. In families where parents and youth held shared ways of understanding healthy eating, the role of 'good mother' was constructed so as to include healthy eating expertise. Mothers expressed a perceived need to be personally responsible for providing skills and knowledge about healthy eating as well as guarding children against negative nutritional influences. Governing of family eating practices to conform to official nutritional advice occurred through information provision, monitoring in shopping and meal preparation, restricting and guiding food purchases, and directly translating expert knowledges into family food practices. In families where parents and youth held differing understandings of healthy eating, primarily families from ethnocultural minority groups, mothers often did not employ the particular western-originating strategies of conveying healthy eating information, or mentoring healthy meal preparation, nor did they regulate or restrict children's food consumption. Western dietary guidelines entered into the family primarily through the youth, emphasizing the nutritional properties of food, often devaluing 'traditional' knowledge about healthy eating. These processes exemplify techniques of governmentality which simultaneously exercise control over people's behaviour through normalizing some family food practices and marginalizing others.
Negotiated pleasures in health-seeking lifestyles of participants of a health promoting intervention.
Jallinoja P, Pajari P, Absetz P
Health (London) · 2010 Mar · PMID 20164161 · Publisher ↗
Using focus group discussion data the present article examines argumentation around pleasure from food and physical activity among participants of a health promoting intervention. The article analyses the conflicts produ...
Using focus group discussion data the present article examines argumentation around pleasure from food and physical activity among participants of a health promoting intervention. The article analyses the conflicts produced by pleasure-seeking and health enhancement, and the pursuits to solve these conflicts. Due to the discrepancy between the pleasure-seeking and health enhancement, pleasure was constructed not simply as a spontaneous experience but often as a planned and disciplined event. In respect of food, it was considered as appropriate to negotiate with different sources of pleasure and discipline one's inclination to simply follow one's taste. However, the tastiness of food was seen to have a value of its own and the need for pleasurable tastes was often experienced as beyond the individual's control. We term food related pleasures 'negotiated pleasures' stressing the diverse strategies used by individuals while negotiating between food related pleasures and their overall health-seeking lifestyle. In respect of physical activity, life resembled more a mosaic where passivity was occasionally interrupted with disciplined physical activity that seldom produced pleasure. The scarcity of pleasures from physical activity as well as from healthy foods is a challenge for health promoters. Instead of building more self-controlling and self-denying individuals, it could be fruitful to focus health promoters' attention to the enhancement of the experiences of pleasure. No matter how self-disciplined individuals are, if the dilemma of pleasure and health is not disentangled, lifestyle change will not last long.
Negotiating the neurochemical self: anti-depressant consumption in women's recovery from depression.
Fullagar S
Health (London) · 2009 Jul · PMID 19491233 · Publisher ↗
Anti-depressant treatment can be viewed as an exercise of biopower that is articulated through policies and practices aimed at the reduction of depression, population healthcare costs and effects on labour force producti...
Anti-depressant treatment can be viewed as an exercise of biopower that is articulated through policies and practices aimed at the reduction of depression, population healthcare costs and effects on labour force productivity. Drawing upon a feminist governmentality perspective, this article examines the discourses that shaped women's experiences of anti-depressant medication in an Australian qualitative study on recovery from depression. The majority of women had been prescribed anti-depressants to treat a chemical imbalance in the brain, manage symptoms and restore normal functioning. One-third of participants identified anti-depressants as helpful in their recovery, while two-thirds were either highly ambivalent about, or critical of, medication as a solution to depression. Thirty-one women who identified the ;positive' benefits of anti-depressants actively constituted themselves as biomedical consumers seeking to redress a chemical imbalance. The problem of depression, the emergence of molecular science and the push for pharmacological solutions are contributing to the discursive formation of new subject positions - such as the neurochemically deficient self. Three themes were identified in relation to medication use, namely restoring normality, signifying recovery success and control/uncertainty. Anti-depressant medication offered women a normalized pathway to successful recovery that stood in stark contrast to the biologically deficient and morally failing self. These women's stories importantly reveal the gender relations and paradoxes arising from biopolitical technologies that shape selfhood for women in advanced liberal societies.
The management of autonomy in adolescent diabetes: a case study of triadic medical interaction.
Buchbinder M
Health (London) · 2009 Mar · PMID 19228827 · Publisher ↗
The transfer of responsibility for diabetes management from parent to child has been seen as a central challenge for the clinical care of adolescents with Type 1 diabetes. Research is needed to better understand how clin...
The transfer of responsibility for diabetes management from parent to child has been seen as a central challenge for the clinical care of adolescents with Type 1 diabetes. Research is needed to better understand how clinicians, patients, and families handle the delicate balance between parental involvement and adolescent responsibility for diabetes management. The aim of this study is to investigate the interactional processes by which an adolescent's autonomy is facilitated and constrained in a clinical interaction between a nurse practitioner (NP), a 13-year-old diabetes patient, and the patient's mother. Integrating psychological perspectives on adolescent autonomy and responsibility with conversation analytic approaches to participation, I examine participation frameworks and shifting alignments to illuminate the negotiation of adolescent autonomy within a single clinical encounter. The analysis demonstrates that the patient's autonomy is emphasized while identifying problems, yet restricted when considering solutions. Clinical implications are discussed.
Understanding sustained behavior change: the role of life crises and the process of reinvention.
Ogden J, Hills L
Health (London) · 2008 Oct · PMID 18818273 · Publisher ↗
Much research has addressed behavior change but has tended to focus on short term changes. This study aimed to explore the mechanisms behind sustained changes in behavior and involved qualitative interviews with 34 ;succ...
Much research has addressed behavior change but has tended to focus on short term changes. This study aimed to explore the mechanisms behind sustained changes in behavior and involved qualitative interviews with 34 ;success stories' who had either lost weight through changes in diet and exercise (n = 24) or stopped smoking (n = 10) and had maintained this change for at least 3 years. The results showed that the majority described how their sustained behavior change had been triggered by a significant life crisis relating to their health, relationships or salient milestones. This initial change was then translated into sustained change if three sustaining conditions were met: the function of the unhealthy behavior was disrupted, the individual perceived that their choice over carrying out the unhealthy behavior had been reduced and they adhered to a behavioral model of their problem. Further, these conditions functioned by enabling a process of reinvention with participants showing a shift in identity toward a new healthier self. The results are discussed in terms of self-regulation and the establishment of a new post-crisis healthier equilibrium.
Running away with health: the urban marathon and the construction of 'charitable bodies'.
Nettleton S, Hardey M
Health (London) · 2006 Oct · PMID 16973680 · Publisher ↗
The increase in fundraising through mass-participation running events is emblematic of a series of issues pertinent to contemporary conceptualizations of health and illness. This increasingly popular spectacle serves as...
The increase in fundraising through mass-participation running events is emblematic of a series of issues pertinent to contemporary conceptualizations of health and illness. This increasingly popular spectacle serves as an indicator of present-day social relationships and broader cultural and ideological values that pertain to health. It highlights contemporary discourses on citizenship; 'active citizens' can ostentatiously fulfil their rights and responsibilities by raising money for those 'in need'. Involvement in such events comprises an example of the current trend for drawing attention to illness, and sharing one's experiences with others. We examine these issues through a consideration of charity advertisements and offer a fourfold typology of runners in terms of their orientations to both mass-participation running and charity. We conclude that 'charitable bodies' are constructed out of the interrelationships between philanthropic institutions, sport and individual performance.
Disruption, dissonance and embodiment: creativity, health and risk in music narratives.
Daykin N
Health (London) · 2005 Jan · PMID 15576425 · Publisher ↗
This article explores notions of creativity, health and risk, drawing on interviews with freelance musicians in the UK. The social context of insecure music work is explored along with hegemonic discourses of creativity...
This article explores notions of creativity, health and risk, drawing on interviews with freelance musicians in the UK. The social context of insecure music work is explored along with hegemonic discourses of creativity in which hedonism, risk and sacrifice are connected. The study draws on narrative analysis in order to examine responses to disruptions that affect creative work. It also explores ongoing accounts of dissonance in music work. The research builds on the new musicology in exploring the cultural basis of creative ideals: these extend beyond the arts to influence many areas of social life. It highlights the way in which the exercise of aesthetic judgements, including judgements about the self, serve to include and exclude particular identities, valuing and diminishing their contributions. The study also builds on sociological debates concerning the regulatory functions of reflexivity and body management in the context of late modernity. Here, strategies of embodiment are also seen in relation to empowerment as challenges to hegemonic notions of creativity. Finally, the research builds on methodological debates surrounding narrative analysis, adopting a sociological approach that emphasizes the particular context of music work and identifies core narratives that reveal connections between everyday experiences and deeper cultural processes.
The local production of knowledge: disease labels, identities and category entitlements in ME support group talk.
Horton-Salway M
Health (London) · 2004 Jul · PMID 15200760 · Publisher ↗
This article uses discursive psychology to analyse how knowledge claims and entitlements are locally produced in an ME support group meeting and a research interview. The article demonstrates how 'expertise' and 'experie...
This article uses discursive psychology to analyse how knowledge claims and entitlements are locally produced in an ME support group meeting and a research interview. The article demonstrates how 'expertise' and 'experience' associated with lay and professional membership are locally constituted in the activity of reasoning, arguing and claims making. The analysis shows how expertise and experiential claims are constructed, disclaimed, warranted and undermined in relationship to membership categorization and entitlements to knowledge that are co-constructed in the process of a discussion about disease labels and the nature of the illness as physical or psychological. In a discussion about the definition of contested disease categories, what is 'at stake' for the group members is the entitlement to speak from experience as members who can 'know' their own minds.
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