Clinical, Cosmetic And Investigational Dermatology[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Danggui Buxue Decoction Attenuates HO-Induced HaCaT Cells by Modulating SOD2 Antioxidant and P21 Senescence Pathways.
Chen X, Zheng H, Cheng H … +5 more , Wu J, Wang G, Liu M, Yang Q, Yang Q
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41853618 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Skin aging is linked to oxidative stress, and functional decline of keratinocytes is a core feature. Common chemical anti-aging agents, such as retinoic acid, often cause skin irritation, whereas traditional...
BACKGROUND: Skin aging is linked to oxidative stress, and functional decline of keratinocytes is a core feature. Common chemical anti-aging agents, such as retinoic acid, often cause skin irritation, whereas traditional Chinese medicine formulas, with multiple components and relatively low toxicity, may offer alternative strategies. METHODS: To investigate its antiaging effects and mechanisms, an in vitro oxidative stress model was established using H2O2-treated human HaCaT cells. The cellular safety of Danggui Buxue Decoction was assessed by CCK-8 assay and cell morphology. The effects of pretreatment on cell viability, intracellular reactive oxygen species, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities, and malondialdehyde content were evaluated. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to determine the mRNA expression of senescence- and oxidative stress-related genes. RESULTS: Exposure to 600 μmol/L H2O2 for 1 h established an oxidative stress model, reducing cell viability to 66.3%, increasing ROS and MDA levels, and decreasing SOD and GSH-Px activities. Danggui Buxue Decoction showed no cytotoxicity at 6.25-1600 μg/mL. Pretreatment with 400 μg/mL Danggui Buxue Decoction provided protection against oxidative damage, improving cell viability, lowering ROS and MDA levels, and restoring SOD and GSH-Px activities. Specifically, 400 μg/mL Danggui Buxue Decoction increased cell viability by 31.7%, enhanced SOD and GSH-Px activities by 91.3% and 32.2%, respectively, and reduced MDA content by 27.9%. Gene expression analysis indicated that pretreatment prevented the HO-induced decrease in SOD2 and MMP1 expression and attenuated the HO-induced overexpression of PPARα and P21. CONCLUSION: Danggui Buxue Decoction exerts preventive antiaging protective effects on HaCaT cells by scavenging excess reactive oxygen species, preventing impairment of the endogenous antioxidant enzyme system, inhibiting lipid peroxidation, and regulating key genes such as SOD2, MMP1, PPARα, and P21, thereby interrupting the vicious cycle of oxidative stress-induced cellular senescence and supporting its potential as a natural anti-aging agent. In vivo and clinical studies are needed to validate the translational applicability of these findings in the future.
Clinical and Functional Determinants of Caregiver Burden in Elderly Patients with Atopic Dermatitis: A Multicentre Cross-Sectional Study.
Bighetti S, Bettolini L, Zerbinati N … +6 more , Carugno A, Fratton Z, Errichetti E, Pezzolo E, Venturini M, Rossi M
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41853617 · Full text
PURPOSE: This multicentre cross-sectional study aimed to quantify caregiver burden among elderly patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) and to identify its principal clinical, functional, and symptomatic determinants. Spec...
PURPOSE: This multicentre cross-sectional study aimed to quantify caregiver burden among elderly patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) and to identify its principal clinical, functional, and symptomatic determinants. Specifically, we evaluated the relative contributions of functional impairment, caregiving intensity, and inflammatory severity to overall caregiver burden. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 213 patient-caregiver dyads were consecutively recruited from four tertiary dermatology centers in Italy. Eligible patients were aged ≥65 years with dermatologist-confirmed AD. Clinical assessments were performed by board-certified dermatologists at each participating centre and included the Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI), body surface area (BSA), pruritus and sleep disturbance (numeric rating scales), comorbidities, and functional status measured by Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL). Caregivers completed a structured questionnaire on caregiving responsibilities and the Caregiver Burden Inventory (CBI). Associations were examined using Spearman correlation and multivariable linear regression models. RESULTS: Patients had a mean age of 73.3 ± 7.3 years and moderate disease severity (mean EASI 13.3 ± 11.2). Functional impairment was common (median ADL 4.0), and caregivers reported a median of 2.5 daily hours of assistance. Overall burden was moderate (mean CBI 32.0 ± 14.0). CBI correlated most strongly with ADL impairment ( = -0.50) and daily caregiving hours ( = 0.47), with additional associations for sleep disturbance ( = 0.35) and EASI ( = 0.31). In multivariable analysis, ADL impairment (p < 0.001), caregiving hours (p = 0.031), sleep disturbance (p < 0.001), and EASI (p = 0.005) remained independently associated with burden; pruritus was not significant after adjustment. CONCLUSION: Caregiver burden in elderly AD is primarily driven by functional dependence and caregiving intensity, with additional contributions from sleep disturbance and inflammatory severity. Integrating functional assessment and caregiver-focused strategies into routine care may improve outcomes for both patients and caregivers.
Evaluating the Top Interdisciplinary Authors in Dermatology and Immunology Through Decadal Trend H-Index Analysis of 1980-2024.
Lau M, Szeto MD, Patel D … +5 more , Mo L, Tan KJ, Del Duca E, Dellavalle RP, Guttman-Yassky E
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41847263 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: Previous bibliometric analyses focus on primary specialty, potentially overlooking authors whose contributions span multiple disciplines. Given the increasing recognition of dysregulated immunological processe...
OBJECTIVE: Previous bibliometric analyses focus on primary specialty, potentially overlooking authors whose contributions span multiple disciplines. Given the increasing recognition of dysregulated immunological processes in dermatological conditions and the targeting of immune pathways in therapeutics, this study aims to evaluate the h-index of authors in both dermatology and immunology, capturing the multifaceted research landscape of dermatology and providing a comprehensive assessment of scholarly impact. METHODS: A search of the Web of Science (WOS) schema from 1980 to 2024 was conducted using the InCites dataset, limited to original articles, editorial materials, and meeting abstracts, and authors were ranked by InCites h-index. RESULTS: Over the past 5 years, the top 20 authors by InCites h-index in dermatology and immunology research were 65% males and 35% females, with USA (30%), Germany (20%), and France (15%) representing the highest proportions of authors. The trends across decades showed increased representation of female authors, presence of institutions outside the United States, and cross-disciplinary productivity in dermatology and immunology. CONCLUSION: The cross-disciplinary associations in dermatology underscore the utility of the h-index in assessing scholarly impact across multiple fields. The observed growth in interdisciplinary productivity and global representation among leading authors reflects translational research exploring immune pathways and molecular profiles that have driven the advancement and translational revolution of immunology-based therapies in dermatology.
Cutaneous-to-Bronchial Rosai-Dorfman Disease without Lymphadenopathy: A Rare Case Report and Literature Review.
Bogomolets O, Hryshchenko R, Berezkin O … +2 more , Bogomolets-Sheremetieva S, Svystak A
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41847262 · Full text
Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis that typically presents with massive cervical lymphadenopathy and systemic manifestations. The cutaneous form is usually limited to the skin and rar...
Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis that typically presents with massive cervical lymphadenopathy and systemic manifestations. The cutaneous form is usually limited to the skin and rarely progresses to systemic involvement. Timely confirmation of the diagnosis of RDD in cases of progression to systemic involvement is a challenge for the health care system. We report a 23-year-old woman with a history of COVID-19 infection and subsequent mRNA vaccination who developed acneiform eruptions on her face and at the vaccination site on her shoulder. Biopsies confirmed cutaneous RDD without lymphadenopathy. After more than one year of a purely cutaneous course, she developed cough and dyspnea. Imaging revealed an isolated bronchial lesion without lymph node involvement; histology confirmed RDD. The patient responded to local corticosteroid injections and systemic glucocorticoids, with stabilization of the disease. Our report underscores the importance of considering RDD in persistent acneiform eruptions unresponsive to treatment and bronchial masses without lymphadenopathy.
Tofacitinib for the Management of Refractory Eosinophilic Pustular Folliculitis: A Case Report and Literature Review.
Zhu D, Lin Y, Li Y … +1 more , Yao L
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41847261 · Full text
This case study investigates the efficacy of tofacitinib, a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor, in treating refractory eosinophilic pustular folliculitis (EPF), a rare dermatological disorder characterized by recurrent pruriti...
This case study investigates the efficacy of tofacitinib, a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor, in treating refractory eosinophilic pustular folliculitis (EPF), a rare dermatological disorder characterized by recurrent pruritic pustules and eosinophilic infiltration. We present a 55-year-old male patient with an 8-month history of progressive facial erythema and pustules. Pre-treatment evaluation revealed extensive erythema, follicular papules, and pustules on both cheeks, accompanied by marked pruritus and an elevated peripheral eosinophil count (0.59×10/L).The patient had failed multiple conventional therapies, including oral methylprednisolone, indomethacin, minocycline, isotretinoin, and topical corticosteroids/antibiotics. Diagnostic confirmation was achieved through histopathological analysis, which revealed perifollicular eosinophilic infiltrates and elevated peripheral eosinophil counts. The patient was then administered tofacitinib monotherapy at 25 mg twice daily, resulting in rapid clinical improvement by day 3 and complete resolution of lesions within two weeks. Histological follow-up demonstrated marked reduction in dermal inflammation, supporting the role of JAK-STAT pathway inhibition in attenuating eosinophil-driven pathology. The findings suggest that tofacitinib may serve as a potent therapeutic alternative for steroid-resistant EPF, potentially through modulation of interleukin-4/13 signaling. However, the study is limited by its single-case design and lack of long-term safety data, necessitating further validation in larger cohorts. This report highlights the novel application of tofacitinib in EPF management, offering insights into targeted immunomodulation for recalcitrant dermatoses. The rapid and sustained response observed underscores the potential of JAK inhibitors in addressing unmet therapeutic needs for rare inflammatory skin conditions.
An Uncommon Clinical Patterns of Proximal Subungual Onychomycosis Caused by .
Dong X, Luo L, Zhang W
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41847260 · Full text
Proximal subungual onychomycosis (PSO) is a rare type of onychomycosis, which is commonly seen in patients with compromised immune systems. The pathogens include , and . Onychomycosis caused by is rarely reported. We re...
Proximal subungual onychomycosis (PSO) is a rare type of onychomycosis, which is commonly seen in patients with compromised immune systems. The pathogens include , and . Onychomycosis caused by is rarely reported. We report a rare clinical manifestation of proximal subungual onychomycosis caused by in an immunocompetent individual.
Challenges in the Diagnosis and Management of Nail Melanocytic Disorders.
Huang H, Dai XY, Pan LX … +3 more , Song ZQ, Li L, Liu T
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41847259 · Full text
Melanonychia significantly affects aesthetics and patient well-being, particularly when it advances to subungual melanoma. The causes of melanonychia are multifactorial, encompassing nail matrix melanocyte activation, be...
Melanonychia significantly affects aesthetics and patient well-being, particularly when it advances to subungual melanoma. The causes of melanonychia are multifactorial, encompassing nail matrix melanocyte activation, benign melanocytic proliferation, subungual melanoma, as well as inflammatory, infectious, traumatic, and drug-induced conditions. Among these, subungual melanoma poses a diagnostic challenge due to its nonspecific clinical presentation, leading to delayed or missed diagnoses that adversely affect prognosis. Accurate differentiation between malignant melanonychia and more common benign etiologies-such as onychomycosis, trauma-related pigmentation, drug-induced pigmentation, and subungual warts-is essential to avoid both misdiagnosis and overtreatment. This review summarizes the clinical, dermoscopic, and histopathological characteristics of melanonychia of various origins; highlights key dermoscopic features for distinguishing subungual melanoma from non-melanocytic pigmentation; and outlines diagnostic and therapeutic strategies tailored to both adults and children. Clarifying these distinctions is critical for facilitating earlier recognition of nail melanoma while minimizing unnecessary interventions for benign conditions.
Muir-Torre Syndrome: A Rare Case Report and Review of Literature.
Chen Z, Wan Y, Zhou C … +2 more , Wang L, Huo R
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41835964 · Full text
Muir-Torre syndrome (MTS) is an uncommon autosomal dominant disorder characterized by germline mutations in DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes, resulting in microsatellite instability (MSI). It is regarded as a variant form...
Muir-Torre syndrome (MTS) is an uncommon autosomal dominant disorder characterized by germline mutations in DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes, resulting in microsatellite instability (MSI). It is regarded as a variant form of Lynch syndrome, characterized by the co-occurrence of at least one cutaneous sebaceous neoplasm and at least one visceral malignancy. Furthermore, studies have indicated that MTS may manifest in transplant recipients and in immunocompromised patients. The diagnosis and management of such cases necessitate a multidisciplinary approach. Here, we report a case of a Chinese patient with a history of rectal cancer who developed multiple sebaceous adenomas during immunosuppressive therapy six years after renal transplantation. This case report not only provides additional evidence for the inducing effect of immunosuppressants on MTS but also emphasizes the importance of a thorough diagnosis of MTS and the significance of preventing the development of potential skin tumors in patients with MTS.
Comparison of the Efficacy and Safety of Pulsed Dye Laser, Intense Pulsed Light and Radiofrequency Therapy in the Treatment of Erythematotelangiectatic Rosacea.
Chen X, Xia A, Li Y … +2 more , Song Z, Ge L
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41835963 · Full text
PURPOSE: Optoelectronic advances have boosted interest in noninvasive rosacea treatments. Among them, pulsed dye laser (PDL), intense pulsed light (IPL), and radiofrequency (RF) therapy have been used to treat erythemato...
PURPOSE: Optoelectronic advances have boosted interest in noninvasive rosacea treatments. Among them, pulsed dye laser (PDL), intense pulsed light (IPL), and radiofrequency (RF) therapy have been used to treat erythematotelangiectatic rosacea (ETR), and some therapeutic effects have been reported, but comparative studies are lacking. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of PDL, IPL, and RF therapy for the treatment of ETR. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective evaluation was conducted of patients with ETR who completed phototherapy between June 2019 and June 2024. The treatment protocol included two sessions of 585 nm PDL therapy (6-week interval), three sessions of IPL (M22 590 filter) therapy (590-1200 nm, 4-week interval), or six sessions of multisource 3DEEP RF therapy (2-week interval), with a follow-up visit at 12 weeks post-final treatment. The clinical efficacy evaluation consisted of the Clinician Erythema Assessment (CEA) scale, patient self-assessment (PSA) scale, the overall efficacy rate, and the Rosacea-Specific Quality of Life instrument (RosaQoL). Safety was evaluated in terms of adverse reactions such as pain, purpura, erythematous edema, blistering, hyperpigmentation, and scarring. RESULTS: This study included 120 patients with ETR treated with PDL, M22 590, or RF therapy. Intragroup analysis revealed significant decreases in the CEA scale, PSA scale, and RosaQoL scores after treatment (p<0.001). The efficacy rates were 57.50%, 45.00%, and 67.50% for PDL, M22 590, and RF therapy, respectively, and no statistically significant intergroup differences were observed. Safety analysis confirmed that all the treatments were well tolerated. CONCLUSION: PDL, IPL and RF therapy all produced short-term improvements in erythema and quality of life in patients with ETR. RF showed comparable efficacy with better tolerability, suggesting a comfortable, low downtime option, while PDL and IPL are vascular-targeted tools. These exploratory findings require confirmation in longer, dose-standardized prospective studies.
Successful Treatment of Linear Porokeratosis with Ivarmacitinib in an Adolescent: A Case Report.
Tang Z, Zhao Y
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41835962 · Full text
Porokeratosis is a rare cutaneous disorder of keratinization, and its linear variant typically follows the lines of Blaschko. We report a case of a 15-year-old female patient with a 3-year history of a linear eruption on...
Porokeratosis is a rare cutaneous disorder of keratinization, and its linear variant typically follows the lines of Blaschko. We report a case of a 15-year-old female patient with a 3-year history of a linear eruption on her right waist and thigh, accompanied by severe pruritus. Previous interventions, including topical corticosteroids, antihistamines, and oral prednisone, had failed to produce clinical improvement. The diagnosis of linear porokeratosis was confirmed after histopathological examination revealed the characteristic cornoid lamella. The patient was prescribed ivarmacitinib at a dose of 4 mg once daily. At the 3-month follow-up, the patient reported a significant reduction in pruritus, and clinical examination showed marked flattening of the papules, with no adverse events reported. Ivarmacitinib is a highly selective JAK1 inhibitor, and JAK1 plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. Ivarmacitinib was successfully utilized for the first time in the treatment of an adolescent patient with linear porokeratosis. Although the precise mechanism by which ivarmacitinib addresses linear porokeratosis has yet to be definitively elucidated, this case provides clinicians with a novel perspective and an additional option regarding pharmacological selection and therapeutic strategies.
A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study on Clinical Characteristics and Disease Burden of 1010 Patients with Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis in Chinese Tertiary Hospitals.
Sun Y, Ma S, Wang Z … +2 more , Cao H, Jiang G
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41835961 · Full text
PURPOSE: To investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis (AD) visiting tertiary hospitals in China. STUDY DESIGN: A multicenter cross-sectional survey was conducted on 10...
PURPOSE: To investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis (AD) visiting tertiary hospitals in China. STUDY DESIGN: A multicenter cross-sectional survey was conducted on 1010 patients with moderate to severe AD. Their demographic characteristics, history of allergic diseases, inducing factors, treatment, disease assessment scales, and disease burden were analyzed. PLACE & DURATION OF THE STUDY: The survey was conducted in 7 tertiary hospitals from October 2022 to October 2023, including Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Yancheng First People's Hospital, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Lianyungang First People's Hospital, Lianyungang Second People's Hospital, Suqian Hospital of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Group and Xuzhou First People's Hospital. RESULTS: Among the 1010 patients, the median age was 55.5 years, and 59.5% had severe AD. Female patients exhibited higher clinician-assessed SCORAD scores than male patients (P=0.016), although multivariate analysis identified age, personal allergic history, and smoking as independent risk factors for severity, with gender not retaining statistical significance. 50.7% had a personal history of allergic diseases, 26.9% had a family history, and allergic rhinitis was the most common. Season, skin moisturizing after bathing, smoking, and drinking were related to the disease. Treatment was mainly oral antihistamines and topical glucocorticoids. The SCORAD score was significantly positively correlated with the DLQI/CDLQI, POEM, NRS, and ADCT scores (P<0.01). Spearman correlation analysis demonstrated significant positive correlations between SCORAD and DLQI/CDLQI, POEM, NRS, and ADCT scores. The medical expenses of severe patients were higher than those of moderate patients (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: This study delineates the clinical profile and substantial burden of moderate-to-severe AD in Chinese tertiary hospitals, identifying older age, personal allergic history and smoking as independent risk factors for disease severity. These findings provide a basis for targeted management and informed clinical decision-making for this patient population.
Balanitis Xerotica Obliterans Successfully Treated with Topical Tacrolimus: A Case Report and Literature Review.
Dobrev H
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41835960 · Full text
Balanitis xerotica obliterans (BXO) is a chronic, progressive, inflammatory, and sclerosing disease of the male genitalia. If left untreated, it can lead to urinary and sexual dysfunction and reduced quality of life. We...
Balanitis xerotica obliterans (BXO) is a chronic, progressive, inflammatory, and sclerosing disease of the male genitalia. If left untreated, it can lead to urinary and sexual dysfunction and reduced quality of life. We describe a 15-year-old Caucasian male with a 3-month history of progressive thickening and whitening of the prepuce and penile glans. He reported mild pruritus, embarrassment of the prepuce retraction, painful cracking of the foreskin, and painful erection. Dermatological examination showed mild erythema and hypopigmentation of the foreskin and penile glans, a sclerotic white ring, and erosions at the distal portion of the prepuce. Based on history and clinical findings, a final diagnosis of balanitis xerotica obliterans was made. Topical treatment with miconazole nitrate/hydrocotison 20mg/10mg/g cream (Daktacort) - once a day for 3 months and topical tacrolimus 0.03% ointment (Protopic) - once a day for 3 months, twice daily for 9 months, and once a day for 4 months was applied, resulting in gradual and fully improvement of the subjective and objective manifestations of the disease. No side effects were observed. Our findings are consistent with published data and further support the recommendation for topical tacrolimus as a therapeutic option for BXO.
Clinical Insights into the Pathogenesis and Treatment Strategies of Acanthosis Nigricans: A Bibliometric Study of Current Trends and Future Directions.
Zeng J, Li Y, Zhou L … +7 more , Gao L, Huang J, Tong X, Zhao Y, Lu T, Fu Z, Tan L
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41835959 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Acanthosis nigricans (AN) is a recognized cutaneous marker of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. Despite its clinical significance and associations with various comorbidities, a comprehensive, quantit...
BACKGROUND: Acanthosis nigricans (AN) is a recognized cutaneous marker of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. Despite its clinical significance and associations with various comorbidities, a comprehensive, quantitative overview of the research landscape is lacking. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to conduct a bibliometric analysis to map the global research output, identify key themes and trends, and elucidate the comorbidity network and potential therapeutic strategies for AN. METHODS: We performed a bibliometric analysis using publications retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (until May 13, 2024). Data from 2098 publications were analyzed using VOSviewer for co-authorship and keyword co-occurrence networks, CiteSpace for temporal trend and burst detection, and the R package bibliometrix for thematic mapping and publication metrics. RESULTS: Analysis revealed that original articles constituted 85.7% of the literature. Research output has accelerated markedly since 2010. Four core research clusters were identified: obesity/metabolic, hormonal, genetic, and malignancy-related. Key comorbidities with strong bibliometric linkages included psoriasis, hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), and acne, centered on shared mechanisms of insulin resistance and inflammation. The analysis highlighted emerging therapeutic directions, particularly the potential of GLP-1 receptor agonists (eg, semaglutide) due to their dual metabolic and anti-inflammatory (eg, TNF-α, IL-17 inhibition) effects, and the complex role of biologics targeting Th1/Th17 pathways. CONCLUSION: This first bibliometric study of AN delineates its evolving research architecture, confirming its position at the intersection of dermatology, endocrinology, and immunology. The findings underscore shared pathophysiological pathways with several inflammatory skin diseases and point to novel, mechanism-based therapeutic strategies. Future research should prioritize clinical trials to validate these targeted interventions.
Secondary Syphilis Presenting with Complex Ulcers in the Oral Mucosa and Pubic Area: A Case Report.
Li S, Li J, Wu M
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41835958 · Full text
Syphilis is an infectious disease caused by Treponema pallidum, which represented as a global public health challenge. We reported a case of atypical secondary syphilis presenting with ulcers confined to the oral commiss...
Syphilis is an infectious disease caused by Treponema pallidum, which represented as a global public health challenge. We reported a case of atypical secondary syphilis presenting with ulcers confined to the oral commissures and pubic region. Notably, the patient was initially misdiagnosed as skin infection. Given the patient's persistent ulcers on the oral commissure and mons pubis for over a month, characterized by the absence of significant pruritus or pain and unresponsive to oral antibiotics and topical medications, we recommend proceeding with the serological testing for syphilis. This patient was diagnosed with secondary syphilis, which highlighting the complexity of diagnosis and underscores the importance of early detection of syphilis.
Exploring the Immunological Implications of Insoluble Particulate Impurities in Hyaluronic Acid Fillers: Integrated Physicochemical and Histological Analyses of the Cohesive Polydensified Matrix Range.
Lee S, Tay CM, Martin MU … +1 more , Seo J
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41835957 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Emerging research has identified insoluble particulate impurities in hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers as a potential factor in modulating inflammatory responses to HA fillers. This integrated study aims to charac...
BACKGROUND: Emerging research has identified insoluble particulate impurities in hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers as a potential factor in modulating inflammatory responses to HA fillers. This integrated study aims to characterize insoluble particles and assess the tissue integration and inflammatory potential of the cohesive polydensified matrix hyaluronic acid (CPM-HA) range of fillers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Samples were prepared by degrading five CPM-HA fillers of varying concentration and rheology using hyaluronidase. An insoluble particle counter was employed to quantify the number of particles of size ≥10 µm and ≥25 µm present. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were used to characterize insoluble particles. In vivo evaluation of CPM-HA fillers containing 20 mg/mL HA (CPM-HA S and CPM-HA R) in two healthy volunteers was performed at 1-week and 4-weeks after intradermal injection, via punch biopsy and histological assessments. RESULTS: The absolute number of insoluble particles in the CPM-HA fillers were low and beneath established pharmacopeial thresholds for injectables. SEM/EDS analysis determined the presence of expected manufacturing-related constituents including sodium (Na), chloride (Cl) and sulfur (S), while confirming the absence of immunologically relevant particulate matter such as silicon (Si), iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al). Hematoxylin and eosin staining of biopsy specimens revealed good tissue integration and no significant inflammatory response following injection of CPM-HA S and CPM-HA R. CONCLUSION: CPM-HA fillers exhibited high purity with low levels of insoluble particulate matter and no potential immunologic adjuvants, with preliminary in vivo analyses indicating an absence of inflammatory responses.
Efficacy Evaluation of N-Acyl-Phytosphingosine Prepared from Marula Oil Derived Fatty Acids in Skin Barrier Repair.
Liu Z, Zhu H, Yang Y … +1 more , Chang H
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41809528 · Full text
PURPOSE: This study aims to assess the efficacy of a novel N-acyl-phytosphingosine prepared from marula oil derived fatty acids (MO-CER NPs) in repairing impaired skin barrier function. PATIENTS AND METHODS: MO-CER NPs w...
PURPOSE: This study aims to assess the efficacy of a novel N-acyl-phytosphingosine prepared from marula oil derived fatty acids (MO-CER NPs) in repairing impaired skin barrier function. PATIENTS AND METHODS: MO-CER NPs were synthesized from N-acyl-phytosphingosine using marula oil as a fatty acid source. Their effects on skin barrier improvement were compared with those of conventional C18-CER NP. A 28-day clinical trial involving 32 subjects was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of a topical cream containing 0.05% MO-CER NPs on barrier-compromised skin. RESULTS: Treatment with MO-CER NPs alleviated UVB-induced barrier damage as effectively as C18-CER NP, evidenced by increased expression of filaggrin and loricrin and reduced count of sunburn cells. Notably, MO-CER NPs showed superior anti-inflammatory activity. Furthermore, MO-CER NPs upregulated key genes involved in ceramide biosynthesis, keratinocyte proliferation, and differentiation. The clinical trial confirmed that topical application of 0.05% MO-CER NPs significantly improved barrier function by reducing transepidermal water loss and erythema, while increasing skin thickness and density. CONCLUSION: MO-CER NPs demonstrated superior efficacy over conventional C18-CER NP in ameliorating skin barrier dysfunction and inflammation, highlighting its potential for improving barrier-compromised skin conditions.
Global Trends and Hotspot Analysis of Nanomaterials in the Field of Acne: A Bibliometric Perspective.
Chen R, Tang Y, Duan L … +2 more , Jiang Z, Zhu M
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41809527 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Acne is a chronic inflammatory disease. Recent studies have revealed significant progress in the application of nanomaterials for acne treatment; however, a systematic analysis of research trends and hotspots...
BACKGROUND: Acne is a chronic inflammatory disease. Recent studies have revealed significant progress in the application of nanomaterials for acne treatment; however, a systematic analysis of research trends and hotspots remains lacking. This study aims to comprehensively present the current status of research in this field and summarize frontier directions using bibliometric methods. METHODS: Publications with the subject terms "nanomaterials" and "acne" were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection for the period 2012-2025. Bibliometric analysis and visualization were conducted using CiteSpace, VOSviewer, Scimago Graphica, and R language. RESULTS: A total of 301 articles from 547 institutions across 51 countries were analyzed. Annual publications increased from 7 in 2012 to 25 in 2025, showing a continuous upward trend. India emerged as the leading contributor in this field. Notably, Folle Camila from the University of Barcelona was identified as the most prolific author, Cairo University as the most productive institution, and the International Journal of Pharmaceutics as the core journal in this domain. Keyword analysis indicated that current research focuses primarily on optimizing nanomaterial-based delivery systems, exploring combination formulations, and developing strategies for acne scar repair. Furthermore, our study suggests that potential future hotspots may include adjuvant photodynamic therapy (PDT), safety evaluation of nanomaterials, and the development of intelligent responsive systems. CONCLUSION: This study systematically summarizes the research landscape and developmental trends of nanomaterials in acne treatment. The findings provide clinicians and researchers with a rapid overview of the academic frontiers in this area, offering valuable references for clinical decision-making and the identification of future research directions.
Unraveling the Mechanism of Cuochuangling Pills in Rosacea Treatment: An Integrated Approach Combining Network Pharmacology, Bioinformatics, and Experimental Validation.
Shen X, Liu D, Zhu Z … +3 more , Zhao S, Yan X, Li M
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41809526 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to systematically elucidate, for the first time, the therapeutic mechanism of Cuochuangling pills, (CCLP), a clinical herbal formulation for rosacea, through an innovative integrated approach...
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to systematically elucidate, for the first time, the therapeutic mechanism of Cuochuangling pills, (CCLP), a clinical herbal formulation for rosacea, through an innovative integrated approach combining network pharmacology, multi-method bioinformatics, and experimental validation. METHODS: Active components of CCLP were identified from the TCMSP database. Core therapeutic targets were screened by combining rosacea transcriptome data from GEO with differential expression analysis, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and three machine learning algorithms. Molecular docking and dynamics simulations were employed to evaluate ligand-receptor binding stability. An LL-37-induced murine rosacea model was established and treated with low-, medium-, and high-dose CCLP for 7 days. Erythema area and severity scores were recorded. Histopathological examination and mast cell infiltration were assessed via H&E and toluidine blue staining, respectively. Inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) were measured by ELISA, and protein expression of TLR2, KLK5, and MMP9 was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: IL-1β was identified as the core target, with KEGG enrichment analysis highlighting inflammatory pathways including NF-κB. Molecular docking revealed a strong binding affinity between quercetin and IL-1β (-7.4 kcal/mol), further confirmed by stable binding in molecular dynamics simulations. In vivo, medium and high doses of CCLP significantly reduced erythema, severity scores, and mast cell infiltration, while downregulating IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, TLR2, KLK5, and MMP9 expression. CONCLUSION: CCLP alleviates LL-37-induced rosacea-like dermatitis by modulating the TLR2/NF-κB signaling pathway, leading to reduced inflammatory response and mast cell infiltration.
Dyskeratosis Congenita: Clinical Phenotype and Genetic Features in a Sibling Pair.
Deng X, Guo Z, Chen P … +1 more , Niu M
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41809525 · Full text
Dyskeratosis congenita (DC) is a rare, inherited bone marrow failure syndrome resulting from mutations in genes responsible for telomere maintenance. We report a familial case of DC in two brothers, who exhibited the cla...
Dyskeratosis congenita (DC) is a rare, inherited bone marrow failure syndrome resulting from mutations in genes responsible for telomere maintenance. We report a familial case of DC in two brothers, who exhibited the classic diagnostic triad of reticulate skin pigmentation, oral leukoplakia, and nail dystrophy. Genetic analysis identified a rare, hemizygous missense mutation (c.92A>C, p.Gln31Pro) in the DKC1 gene. This case underscores the variable expressivity of DKC1 mutations and reinforces the importance of recognizing the characteristic mucocutaneous features for timely diagnosis and management of this multisystem disorder.
Paramedian Forehead Flap Hair Removal: A Comprehensive Review of Techniques, Timing, Challenges, and Future Directions.
Lian C, Su Z, Han Y … +2 more , Liu X, Zhang X
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41804313 · Full text
The paramedian forehead flap (PFF) is a widely used and versatile reconstructive technique, highly valued for its reliable vascularity, close tissue match, and integration of both functional and aesthetic outcomes. Despi...
The paramedian forehead flap (PFF) is a widely used and versatile reconstructive technique, highly valued for its reliable vascularity, close tissue match, and integration of both functional and aesthetic outcomes. Despite its versatility and broad applicability in reconstructive surgery, inclusion of hair-bearing scalp can compromise cosmetic results and patient satisfaction, making hair management a critical but often underappreciated aspect of flap-based reconstruction. Traditional depilation techniques provide only temporary results, whereas contemporary methods such as laser hair removal, intense pulsed light (IPL), electrolysis, and follicular unit extraction (FUE) enable durable or permanent hair reduction in transferred flaps. The timing of intervention, including preoperative, during tissue expansion, intraoperative, or postoperative treatment, significantly influences both efficacy and patient tolerance. FUE is particularly advantageous for patients with low hairlines or extensive donor sites, while laser hair removal remains the primary method for most flap applications. This review systematically summarizes current hair removal strategies in PFF reconstruction, evaluating their underlying mechanisms, clinical effectiveness, advantages, limitations, and optimal timing considerations. This review draws on clinical experience and published evidence to provide practical recommendations for hair management in paramedian forehead flaps. It focuses on improving aesthetic outcomes, guiding timing and technique selection, and supporting decisions in flap-based reconstruction.
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