Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Onco-lipidomics: Unraveling Potential Biomarkers for Breast Cancer Progression and their Pharmacological Relevance.
Ray SK, Mukherjee S
Curr Pharm Biotechnol · 2026 Apr · PMID 41968671 · Publisher ↗
Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women, accounting for around 10% of all occurrences. Most cancer patients die because of metastasis, which is now untreatable. Despite this, there are several ways that...
Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women, accounting for around 10% of all occurrences. Most cancer patients die because of metastasis, which is now untreatable. Despite this, there are several ways that can be used to reduce the intensity of breast cancer symptoms. This emphasizes the need to start breast cancer treatment and diagnosis as soon as possible to prevent the disease from spreading. Mammography and ultrasounds are useful for screening many people, but they are ineffective at identifying and grading breast cancer. However, they are useful for detecting breast cancer. Doctors continue to do these kinds of procedures. Advanced biomarker development has the potential to transform several parts of medicine. Some of these characteristics include early illness detection, disease progression monitoring, and the development of treatment programs for specific tumors. Patients have a better quality of life and suffer less harm because of obtaining more effective therapies in moderation. As a result, lipidomic and metabolomic signatures are emerging as promising biomarkers for improving breast cancer detection and treatment. The development of lipidomics was driven by these objectives. The analytical power of mass spectrometry and the lightning-fast pace of technological progress have enabled lipidomics to make significant strides in recent years. By discussing onco-lipidomics and other important cellular metabolic networks, as well as drug-related issues in breast cancer, this review aims to provide readers with the knowledge they need to get a deeper understanding of metabolism.
Role of Probiotics in Oral Health: A Review From Microbial Balance to Clinical Applications.
Kong JF, Phang HC, Wan Kamal WHB … +4 more , Ng Y, Mohamad S, Kee PE, Liew KB
Curr Pharm Biotechnol · 2026 Mar · PMID 41937731 · Publisher ↗
A diverse microbial community exists within the human oral cavity that plays an essential role in maintaining health or inducing diseases such as dental caries, periodontal disease, and halitosis. Probiotics, live microo...
A diverse microbial community exists within the human oral cavity that plays an essential role in maintaining health or inducing diseases such as dental caries, periodontal disease, and halitosis. Probiotics, live microorganisms that provide health benefits when consumed in adequate amounts, have been found to be promising as a means of modulating the oral microbiome and combating these diseases. This review incorporates present knowledge about the mechanism of probiotic action, including competitive exclusion of pathogens, antimicrobial metabolite production, biofilm disruption, and immune modulation. Efficacy against pathogenic bacteria like Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis has been proven by prominent probiotic groups Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Streptococcus, resulting in oral microbial homeostasis. Clinical applications of probiotics include prevention of caries, plaque reduction, and management of gingivitis and periodontitis, with research focusing on strain-specific effects. Emerging trends include precision probiotics tailored to each oral condition, postbiotics as strong alternatives (formerly "strong contenders"), and innovative delivery systems to enhance viability and colonization. The hurdles of strain specificity, regulatory gaps, and inconsistencies of clinical outcome continue. Safety concerns, while rare, represent possible risks of horizontal gene transfer and opportunistic infections in immunocompromised hosts. Future directions lie in genetic modification, new delivery methods, and standard clinical protocols to enhance probiotic function. This review emphasizes the clinical potential of probiotics as adjunctive treatments in oral medicine, with the caveat that further work is needed to overcome current challenges and enhance their therapeutic efficacy.
The Mpox Outbreak 2025: A Call for Coordinated Global Action and Equity.
Yadav S, Shivangi, Yashika … +5 more , Arora A, Kishor K, Yadav RK, Narang RK, Singh A
Curr Pharm Biotechnol · 2026 Apr · PMID 41935390 · Publisher ↗
The multi-country Mpox (monkeypox) outbreak remains an important issue of global public health, with reported cases of 44,299 and 180 deaths, respectively, in 93 countries by September 2025. Although Africa remains the e...
The multi-country Mpox (monkeypox) outbreak remains an important issue of global public health, with reported cases of 44,299 and 180 deaths, respectively, in 93 countries by September 2025. Although Africa remains the epicentre, with almost 40,000 cases within countries such as the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Liberia, Kenya, and Ghana, Europe and South-East Asia have also become new hotspots due to the growing clade Ib virus strain. It is a strain that spreads mostly among men who have sex with men, creating new difficulties because of declining vaccine immunity and the influx of immunologically naive groups. The World Health Organization (WHO) and the Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) are collaborating to implement robust surveillance, vaccination, and clinical care activities. To date, more than 1.16 million doses of vaccine have been delivered in Africa, utilising dose-sparing measures. Constant loopholes remain, such as contact tracing, resource insufficiency, and data latencies. The vision of the future requires increased vaccination, combined with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) services, improved genomic surveillance, and increased global collaboration. Constant observation, reactionary measures, and fair resource distribution are crucial in preventing transmission and protecting at-risk groups.
Innovative Utilization of Endolysins for Future Battle Against Superbugs.
Zeng P
Curr Pharm Biotechnol · 2026 Mar · PMID 41926294 · Publisher ↗
Endolysins are fast-acting proteins produced by phages against bacteria, capable of breaking down the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cells. In the current post-antibiotic era, endolysin-based therapeutics have received...
Endolysins are fast-acting proteins produced by phages against bacteria, capable of breaking down the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cells. In the current post-antibiotic era, endolysin-based therapeutics have received widespread attention. While native endolysins offer advantages such as rapid bacteriolytic activity, their clinical translation has been hindered by inherent limitations, including narrow spectrum, susceptibility to proteolytic degradation, and potential immunogenicity. Recent paradigm shifts in protein engineering and biotechnology are decisively overcoming these hurdles. This perspective highlights the transformative strategies revolutionizing the field, such as the creation of chimeric endolysins fused with outer membrane-permeabilizing peptides and the rational modulation of protein surface charge. Beyond that, endolysins demonstrate remarkable synergy with conventional antimicrobial agents such as colistin and berberine, enabling dose reductions and resensitizing resistant strains. Their application scope is broadening into areas such as food safety, where they effectively combat biofilms and multidrug-resistant pathogens across various food matrices. Moreover, critical challenges of stability and delivery are being addressed through advanced formulations. Endolysins are poised to evolve from a promising candidate into an innovative medical strategy against superbugs.
Trichosanthes pericarpium water fraction prevents myocardial cells from apoptosis induced by ox-LDL via increasing its sensitivity to FGF21.
Sun T, Hu C, Wang H … +3 more , Li S, Wei Q, Zhao Q
Curr Pharm Biotechnol · 2026 Mar · PMID 41863411 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: The traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Trichosanthes pericarpium (TP) exerts uniquely therapeutic effect on a TCM syndrome of coronary heart disease, the phlegm turbid obstruction syndrome, the primary charac...
BACKGROUND: The traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Trichosanthes pericarpium (TP) exerts uniquely therapeutic effect on a TCM syndrome of coronary heart disease, the phlegm turbid obstruction syndrome, the primary characteristic of which is severe lipid metabolism disorder. However, the mechanism underlying the remains elusive. OBJECTIVE: We speculated that protecting heart from damaged by hyperlipidemia via evoking fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) signaling may partly account for above mechanism. METHODS: Rat primary myocardial cells (MCs) was isolated from the heart of neonatal rats, and were exposure to oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), together with or without the water fraction (TP-W), the effective constituents of TP. RESULTS: Severe apoptosis was could be observed in MCs exposure to ox-LDL, meanwhile, the level of FGF21 in cells and medium increased significantly; however, the upregulation of βKlotho expression was suppressed dramatically, fibroblast receptor substrate 2α (p-FRS2α) could not be adequately phosphorylated too. In cells incubated with both ox-LDL and TP-W, the expression of FGF21 was accelerated notably; moreover, the level of βKlotho and p-FRS2α was promoted memorably while the apoptosis was reduced signally. CONCLUSIONS: TP-W could rescue the apoptosis stimulated by ox-LDL via activating FGF21 signaling, restoring its sensitivity to FGF21 in MCs.
Fabrication and Characterization of Electrospun PVA/Elastin/Honey Nanofiber Scaffolds for Skin Regeneration.
Oshrieh M, Kalhori MK, Sadeghi-Aghbash M … +2 more , Rahimnejad M, Feizi F
Curr Pharm Biotechnol · 2026 Mar · PMID 41830577 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Effective wound care and infection prevention are critical for optimal wound healing. Recent advancements in tissue engineering have focused on developing nanofiber scaffolds using biopolymers, which mimic...
INTRODUCTION: Effective wound care and infection prevention are critical for optimal wound healing. Recent advancements in tissue engineering have focused on developing nanofiber scaffolds using biopolymers, which mimic the natural extracellular matrix and offer enhanced healing properties. This study investigates the fabrication of nanofiber scaffolds composed of elastin (EL) protein and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) via electrospinning, with honey (H) incorporated for its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory benefits. METHODS: The morphology of the nanofibers was analyzed using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), and their chemical composition was confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) was measured to evaluate moisture balance. Antibacterial activity was tested against Gram-positive and Gramnegative bacteria, and in vivo studies were conducted on rat models. RESULTS: FESEM analysis revealed uniform, interconnected, bead-free fibers with diameters ranging from 365 to 435 nm. FTIR confirmed the presence and physical integration of elastin and honey in the nanofibers. WVTR values ranged from 400.2 to 413.08 g/m²/24 h, ensuring proper gas exchange. The PVA/elastin/honey (PVA/EL/H) nanofibrous mats displayed exceptional antibacterial activity and achieved a wound closure rate of 89.17% by day 14 in rats. DISCUSSION: The physicochemical tests confirmed the uniform morphology and the presence of elastin and honey in the nanofibers, supporting their structural and bioactive roles and providing a moist environment for treatment. In vitro experiments showed enhanced antibacterial effects and promoted faster wound closure. Finally, the results of in vivo tests (n = 36) confirmed superior healing in the PVA/EL/H group (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: The PVA/EL/H nanofibrous mats are a promising candidate for next-generation wound care solutions due to their combined antibacterial activity and improved wound healing outcomes.
Integrated In silico and In vitro Screening of Phytoconstituents as Potential Inhibitors of New Delhi Metallo-β-lactamase-1 (NDM-1).
Kumar A, Redhu S, Grewal AS … +1 more , Gahlawat SK
Curr Pharm Biotechnol · 2026 Mar · PMID 41830576 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION/OBJECTIVE: The emergence of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (NDM- 1) in Escherichia coli has become a significant public health threat due to its ability to hydrolyze a broad range of β-lactam antibiotics, i...
INTRODUCTION/OBJECTIVE: The emergence of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (NDM- 1) in Escherichia coli has become a significant public health threat due to its ability to hydrolyze a broad range of β-lactam antibiotics, including carbapenems. This study aimed to identify natural inhibitors of NDM-1 using a combined in silico and in vitro approach, with a focus on phytoconstituents from medicinal plants. METHODS: Five medicinal plants were screened for antibacterial activity against an NDM-1- producing E. coli strain. Extracts of Curcuma longa L. prepared with acetone, ethanol, and water were evaluated using an agar well diffusion assay. A phytochemical database of C. longa was compiled, and 144 compounds were assessed for drug-likeness using SwissADME. Compounds meeting selection criteria were subjected to molecular docking against the NDM-1 protein. The top hit was further evaluated for antibacterial and synergistic activity with amoxicillin. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was determined, and in silico toxicity and pharmacokinetic profiles were predicted. RESULTS: C. longa acetone extract exhibited the highest antibacterial activity, with inhibition zones ranging from 8 to 16 mm. Ninety-six compounds passed drug-likeness filters; bisdesmethoxycurcumin showed the best binding energy (-6.5 kcal/mol) with NDM-1. In vitro, it demonstrated synergistic activity with amoxicillin, increasing inhibition zones from 10.33 mm to 19.67 mm. MIC was found to be 25-30 μg/ml. Toxicity predictions suggested acceptable safety and pharmacokinetic parameters. DISCUSSION: The study highlights the potential of bis-desmethoxycurcumin as an adjuvant to conventional antibiotics to overcome NDM-1-mediated resistance. CONCLUSION: Bis-desmethoxycurcumin from C. longa exhibits promising inhibitory activity against NDM-1-producing E. coli, supporting its potential use in adjuvant therapy to combat antibiotic resistance.
Pharmacogenomic-Based GWAS Meta-Analyses Coupled with Genetic and Epigenetic Liability Testing Connects Facial and Emotional Recognition Systems to Spectrum Disorders, Schizophrenia, Depression, and Anxiety.
Blum K, Lewandrowski APL, Sharafshah A … +25 more , Pinhasov A, Mohankumar K, Gold MS, Fuehrlein B, Elman I, Dennen C, Thanos PK, Bowirrat A, Baron D, Modestino EJ, Jafari N, Zeine F, Sunder K, Makale MT, Lorio MP, Khalsa J, Schmidt SL, Fiorelli RKA, Weinstein A, Lindenau M, Lewandrowski KU, Alves ÓL, Mahajan S, Mahajan Y, Badgaiyan RD
Curr Pharm Biotechnol · 2026 Mar · PMID 41830575 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Facial and Emotional Recognition Systems are technologies that primarily use AI and machine learning to analyze various inputs like facial expression, speech, and physiological signals, to identify and clas...
INTRODUCTION: Facial and Emotional Recognition Systems are technologies that primarily use AI and machine learning to analyze various inputs like facial expression, speech, and physiological signals, to identify and classify human emotions and link them to a variety of epigenomic traits and states. METHODS: We conducted a Meta-Meta Analysis via Pharmacogenomics (PGx) and Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) across two separate manifestations, including facial physics and emotional expressions. RESULTS: Applying GWAS datasets, 10 GWAS datasets were included, and following multiple filtrations, a GWAS Meta-Meta analysis led to a Secondary Gene List (SGL) of 586 members. Additionally, various indepth silico analyses, such as Protein-Protein Interactions (PPIs), refined 300 genes into a unified network, then, by adding 10 GARS genes, 309 genes remained. A different analysis of PPIs uncovered 141 connected genes (Final Gene List: FGL); more precisely, we conducted a PGx-based approach on this FGL. Finally, 1,480 annotations were found, among them, 682 annotations were significant; thus, we considered the genes with at least one significant annotation and found 54 Pharmacogenes in FGL (PGx-FGL). DISCUSSION: Through this in-depth analysis, we identified strong, significant top phenotypic roles for both DRD2 and BDNF linking genes in 48,780,906 subjects. CONCLUSION: Our PGx-based GWAS meta-meta-analyses, coupled with genetic and epigenetic liability testing, connected Facial and Emotional Recognition Systems to Spectrum Disorders (Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: ADHD and Autism), Schizophrenia, Depression, and Anxiety. We propose that these findings could have heuristic therapeutic targeting potential and, as such, require intensive further clinical support.
Effects of Autologous Immunotherapy on Islet Metabolism and T Cell Immunity in Type 2 Diabetic Rabbits.
Huang Z, Chen J, Jiang A … +4 more , Yu F, Zhang L, Liu Y, Wang J
Curr Pharm Biotechnol · 2026 Mar · PMID 41788000 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent chronic metabolic disease. Increasing evidence suggests that persistent inflammation and autoimmune mechanisms play a critical role in its pathogenesis. METHOD...
INTRODUCTION: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent chronic metabolic disease. Increasing evidence suggests that persistent inflammation and autoimmune mechanisms play a critical role in its pathogenesis. METHODS: T2DM was induced in rabbits through a combination of a high-sugar, high-fat diet and streptozotocin (STZ) administration. The study included three groups: control, T2DM, and T2DM + autologous T cell immunotherapy (ATIM). Individualized ATIM was prepared by heat shock treatment of peripheral blood after erythrocyte removal. Rabbits in the ATIM group received intradermal injections of 0.36 mL ATIM in the thigh every two days. Blood glucose, glycated serum protein (GSP), glycogen synthase (GS), glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β), T cell subsets, interleukin-10 (IL-10), and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) levels were measured. RESULTS: ATIM treatment reduced blood glucose and GSP levels, with a trend toward improved glucose tolerance. Compared with the T2DM group, ATIM-treated rabbits exhibited more preserved liver morphology and increased GS expression. The ratio of phosphorylated GSK3β to total GSK3β was decreased. Immunologically, ATIM increased the proportion of CD4+ T cells, decreased IFN-γ levels, and increased IL-10 levels. DISCUSSION: ATIM enhanced GS expression, promoted CD4+ T cell responses, and suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokines in T2DM rabbits, potentially contributing to improved blood glucose control and protection of islet function. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that ATIM ameliorates T2DM through synergistic regulation of metabolic pathways and immune balance, supporting its potential as a therapeutic approach targeting both metabolic and immune dysfunction in T2DM.
Beehive Products: A Review on their Nutritional and Therapeutic Potential.
Ranzato E, Bonsignore G, Garau A … +1 more , Martinotti S
Curr Pharm Biotechnol · 2026 Mar · PMID 41787999 · Publisher ↗
This narrative review examines the nutritional and therapeutic potential of seven key beehive products: honey, propolis, pollen, bee bread, royal jelly, beeswax, and bee venom. We conducted a comprehensive literature sea...
This narrative review examines the nutritional and therapeutic potential of seven key beehive products: honey, propolis, pollen, bee bread, royal jelly, beeswax, and bee venom. We conducted a comprehensive literature search of peer-reviewed articles focusing on the bioactive components and health benefits of these products. The primary aim was to synthesize the current evidence regarding their use as natural remedies for various health conditions. The review highlights significant evidence for the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties of propolis and bee venom, often attributed to flavonoids and peptides, respectively. Honey and royal jelly also show promise due to their diverse biochemical profiles. A key conclusion is that the health benefits are highly dependent on the product's botanical origin and processing methods, which directly influence the concentration of active compounds. A major limitation is the inconsistency in methodology and the lack of standardized clinical trials for most beehive products. Consequently, the level of evidence for their efficacy in disease management remains varied, with many studies being in vitro or animal-based. Based on these findings, we recommend that future research should focus on standardizing analytical methods to identify and quantify active ingredients, conducting large-scale human clinical trials, and establishing clear dosage guidelines for specific health applications.
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS): A Brief Overview on Pathogenesis, Main Signaling Pathways, and Recent Studies Performed on Letrozole-induced PCOS in Rodents.
Abduljabbar HN, Jamal MH, Esmat A
Curr Pharm Biotechnol · 2026 Feb · PMID 41755404 · Publisher ↗
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a female endocrine and reproductive disease. The exact etiology remains unknown. There are several associated factors involved in the pathogenesis of PCOS, such as hyperandrogenism,...
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a female endocrine and reproductive disease. The exact etiology remains unknown. There are several associated factors involved in the pathogenesis of PCOS, such as hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance, obesity, inflammation, oxidative stress, genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. However, the main diagnostic criteria involve at least two out of three symptoms, which are hyperandrogenism, polycystic ovaries, and menstrual cycle dysregulation. The treatment of the multiple symptoms of PCOS is still a medical challenge. Different molecular pathways have been studied in PCOS, such as PI3KAKT, MAPK, NF-κB, and Keap-1-Nrf2 pathways, to visualize different mechanisms of action of this disease. In this regard, this review highlights the main signaling pathways involved in PCOS, as well as their associated studies retrieved from PubMed and Web of Science databases. In addition, several therapeutic approaches and targets that were tested on letrozole-induced PCOS in rodents were summarized and retrieved from the same databases over the past five years. For example, resveratrol, patuletin, adropin, mogroside V, Lepidium sativum seed extract, ascorbic acid, alendronate, probiotics, and mesenchymal stem cells, as well as lifestyle modifications, were shown to have positive effects in the management of PCOS. In conclusion, different approaches have been studied as potential treatments for PCOS according to different disease pathogeneses, molecular pathways, and associated symptoms, showing promising results that might be included in the PCOS therapeutic plan in the future.
Peptide Hydrogel Incorporating Hydroxyapatite and Neural Stem Cells to Facilitate Spinal Cord Injury Regeneration.
Chen J, Zhou H, Wang P … +1 more , Yang M
Curr Pharm Biotechnol · 2026 Feb · PMID 41735216 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) results in irreversible neuronal loss and glial scar formation, severely impairing motor function and quality of life. This study aimed to develop a bioactive composite scaffold-com...
INTRODUCTION: Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) results in irreversible neuronal loss and glial scar formation, severely impairing motor function and quality of life. This study aimed to develop a bioactive composite scaffold-comprising Hydroxyapatite nanorods (HAp) and a selfassembling peptide hydrogel (IGL-Gel)-to promote Neural Stem Cell (NSC)-based regeneration in SCI treatment. METHODS: HAp nanorods were synthesized via hydrothermal methods and incorporated into an acetylated peptide hydrogel functionalized with the IKVAV motif. The physicochemical properties, rheology, and self-healing behavior of the hydrogel were characterized. In vitro biocompatibility, NSC proliferation, and differentiation were evaluated using CCK-8 and RT-qPCR assays. In vivo therapeutic efficacy was assessed in a rat SCI model via behavioral tests (BBB scoring, inclined plane test), immunofluorescence staining, and biochemical analysis. RESULTS: The Hap-IGL-Gel composite showed favorable mechanical strength, injectability, and rapid self-recovery. In vitro studies confirmed excellent cytocompatibility and enhanced NSC proliferation and neuronal and astrocyte differentiation at an optimal HAp concentration of 200 μg/mL. In vivo, rats treated with Hap-IGL-Gel and NSCs showed significantly improved motor recovery, reduced glial scar formation, enhanced neuronal regeneration, and restored bladder and organ function compared to controls. DISCUSSION: The incorporation of HAp into the peptide hydrogel provided sustained ionic cues to support NSC differentiation and maturation, while the IKVAV motif enhanced cellular adhesion and neurite outgrowth. The composite hydrogel provided a permissive environment for regeneration, addressing both local injury and systemic complications of SCI. CONCLUSION: Hap-IGL-Gel is a promising biomaterial for SCI repair, effectively promoting NSC survival and differentiation, facilitating axonal regeneration, and restoring motor function. These findings support its potential for clinical translation in neuroregenerative therapies.
Cancer Stem Cells and Angiogenesis: Exploring the Tumor Microenvironment and Therapeutic Strategies in Lung Cancer.
Tchawe YSN, Kogan EA, Shchelokova EE … +15 more , Bodo EML, Majoumo GM, Uchendu IK, Ikebunwa O, Essogmo FE, Zhilenkova AV, Abah MO, Nikitina N, Onoja SO, Zelenchenkova P, Bagmet LN, Ngowa JDK, Demura TA, Sekacheva MI, Paramonova NB
Curr Pharm Biotechnol · 2026 Feb · PMID 41676976 · Publisher ↗
Tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a particularly important role in the pathogenesis and drug resistance of lung cancer. This article provides a framework that allows us to view lung cancer through the lens of cancer ste...
Tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a particularly important role in the pathogenesis and drug resistance of lung cancer. This article provides a framework that allows us to view lung cancer through the lens of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and angiogenesis, with the aim of enhancing both clinical and laboratory insights. It critically examines the bidirectional interactions between CSCs and other components of the TME, highlighting their combined contributions to tumor aggressiveness and angiogenic processes. We discuss the mechanisms by which CSCs influence angiogenesis, including the release of growth factors and cytokines, while also emphasizing how angiogenic factors, in turn, modulate CSC behavior and help maintain a microenvironment that supports tumor growth. Potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets- such as CD133, ALDH1, and VEGF-are explored as valuable not only for disease management but also for the development of targeted therapies for lung cancer. This article ultimately provides a foundation for researchers to further investigate these interconnected processes and for clinicians to consider therapeutic strategies when managing patients with lung cancer. Given the multifaceted nature of lung cancer biology and the numerous molecules involved, we advocate for a panel-centered approach in both research and clinical management, while underscoring the importance of carefully considering toxicity risks and variability in molecular expression.
Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines in Diabetes Mellitus: From Pathogenesis to Clinical Practice.
Yuan S, Zhao Y, Xing W … +2 more , Han T, Yang J
Curr Pharm Biotechnol · 2026 Feb · PMID 41664402 · Publisher ↗
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic disorders characterised by insufficient insulin secretion and reduced insulin sensitivity in target tissues, leading to a range of metabolic abnormalities. DM has a profound...
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic disorders characterised by insufficient insulin secretion and reduced insulin sensitivity in target tissues, leading to a range of metabolic abnormalities. DM has a profound global impact and exerts detrimental effects on patients' health. Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCMs), characterised by dialectical treatment principles and a holistic therapeutic philosophy, have been shown to play an important role in the management and alleviation of DM. In this review, we provide a concise overview of recent applications of TCMs in DM, summarise the underlying mechanisms, and discuss both the limitations of current practices and future prospects in this field. Numerous non-clinical and clinical studies have demonstrated the significant therapeutic advantages of TCMs in improving and alleviating DM. However, limitations persist, including variability among TCM formulations, the scarcity of high-quality randomised clinical trials, potential adverse effects and drug interactions, and challenges in standardisation. Establishing rigorous and scientifically sound quality standards, conducting larger-scale multicentre randomised controlled trials, and further elucidating the underlying mechanisms may offer effective solutions to these challenges and support the broader application of TCMs in DM management.
Bile Acid-microbiota Interactions in Acute-on-chronic Liver Failure: Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Strategies.
Zhang L, Zhang K, Wu J … +3 more , Zhou X, Hu G, Zeng Y
Curr Pharm Biotechnol · 2026 Feb · PMID 41664332 · Publisher ↗
Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a life-threatening syndrome characterized by the sudden deterioration of liver function in patients with chronic liver disease, frequently progressing to multi-organ failure. Desp...
Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a life-threatening syndrome characterized by the sudden deterioration of liver function in patients with chronic liver disease, frequently progressing to multi-organ failure. Despite advances in supportive therapies, the underlying pathogenesis remains poorly understood, and effective pharmacological treatments are still lacking. Bile acids (BAs) and the intestinal microbiota interact dynamically, and disruptions in their homeostasis are closely linked to the progression of ACLF. This review summarizes current understanding of bile acid metabolism and gut microbiota dysbiosis in ACLF, explores the reciprocal regulatory mechanisms between them, and discusses emerging therapeutic strategies targeting this axis. The goal is to identify novel approaches that may improve clinical outcomes for patients with ACLF.
Hypoglycaemic, Hypolipidemic and Antioxidant Activities of Hibiscus cannabinus in Diabetes-induced Male Wistar Rat.
Kumar GD, Senthil J, Santhiya N … +3 more , Jayaseelan T, Rajith Varman RVAS, Baskar K
Curr Pharm Biotechnol · 2026 Jan · PMID 41630349 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease that affects individuals of all ages. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop novel therapeutic agents from natural sources. In this context, Hibiscus cannabinu...
INTRODUCTION: Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease that affects individuals of all ages. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop novel therapeutic agents from natural sources. In this context, Hibiscus cannabinus was selected for the present investigation. The study aimed to evaluate the hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and antioxidant activities of Hibiscus cannabinus extract in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic model in Wistar rats. METHODS: An in vivo study was planned to evaluate the hypoglycaemic, hypolipidemic, and antioxidant effects activities of HCE. Thirty-six male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups, and diabetes was induced by a single acute intraperitoneal injection of STZ. Animals were treated orally with HCE at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg b.wt., or with Glibenclamide (5 mg/kg b.wt.), along with a normal control group. The rats were monitored for body weight, feed intake, blood glucose and insulin levels, lipid profile, and markers of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant activity. RESULTS: HCE showed a significant reduction in blood glucose levels, improved lipid profile, enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity, and decreased lipid peroxidation in diabetic rats in a dosedependent manner compared with the control group. Notably, the 400 mg/kg b.wt. HCE group exhibited efficacy comparable to that of the Glibenclamide treatment group. DISCUSSION: HCE showed activity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, indicating its potential as a natural therapeutic agent. Further investigation into its mechanisms and clinical applicability for managing diabetes-related complications is needed to support its pharmaceutical use. CONCLUSION: HCE extract exhibited strong antidiabetic, lipid-lowering, and antioxidant activities in STZ-induced diabetic rats.
2024 Year-in-Review: Scientific Highlights from Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology.
Labrou NE
Curr Pharm Biotechnol · 2026 Jan · PMID 41622998 · Publisher ↗
This 2024 year-in-review article provides a comprehensive overview of the most cited articles published in Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (CPB) during the year across six key thematic areas: cancer, nanotechnology,...
This 2024 year-in-review article provides a comprehensive overview of the most cited articles published in Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (CPB) during the year across six key thematic areas: cancer, nanotechnology, antimicrobial agents, drug delivery, neurodegenerative diseases, and herbal and natural products. A total of twenty-nine high-impact studies have been selected and examined, each contributing meaningful advancements to the respective fields. The review highlights the application of phytochemicals in oncology, the versatility of nanomaterials in targeted therapies, innovations in antimicrobial strategies against resistant pathogens, intelligent drug delivery platforms, novel therapeutic approaches for neurodegenerative disorders, and the evolving role of botanicals in modern biopharmaceuticals. Through a narrative synthesis, the review illustrates how CPB has served as a vital platform for translational research, bridging molecular science and clinical innovation.
Biological Therapies for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Literature Review.
Almeida MPP, Condinho MSL
Curr Pharm Biotechnol · 2026 Jan · PMID 41603178 · Publisher ↗
Colorectal cancer is among the most prevalent and lethal malignancies worldwide. Its initially asymptomatic nature contributes to a high incidence of metastatic cases. Although predominantly diagnosed in older adults, th...
Colorectal cancer is among the most prevalent and lethal malignancies worldwide. Its initially asymptomatic nature contributes to a high incidence of metastatic cases. Although predominantly diagnosed in older adults, the incidence among younger populations is rising at an alarming rate. Historically, treatment has relied on antineoplastic agents such as 5-fluorouracil, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin. While these agents remain in use, their effectiveness is limited, particularly in metastatic disease, with modest improvements in overall survival and progressionfree survival. Moreover, their low target specificity results in significant systemic toxicity. This underscores the urgent need formore selective and less toxic therapeutic strategies, such as monoclonal antibodies. Monoclonal antibodies targeting Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR), and immune checkpoints have become integral to the management of metastatic colorectal cancer. Notable examples include bevacizumab (anti-VEGF), cetuximab and panitumumab (anti-EGFR), and the immune checkpoint inhibitors pembrolizumab, nivolumab, and ipilimumab. Their clinical success especially when guided by molecular tumour profiling highlights their contribution to improved patient outcomes. In addition, other targeted therapies distinct from monoclonal antibodies are currently under investigation.
Design and Efficacy of an Ultrashort Antimicrobial Peptide-levofloxacin Conjugate Against Resistant Bacteria: A Novel Approach to Combat Antimicrobial Resistance.
Almaaytah A, Rashdan A, Mhaidat N … +1 more , Sabi SH
Curr Pharm Biotechnol · 2026 Jan · PMID 41588908 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: The rise of Multidrug-Resistant (MDR) bacterial infections and the limited efficacy of conventional antibiotics have underscored the urgent need for innovative antimicrobial therapies. Antimicrobial Peptide...
INTRODUCTION: The rise of Multidrug-Resistant (MDR) bacterial infections and the limited efficacy of conventional antibiotics have underscored the urgent need for innovative antimicrobial therapies. Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) represent a promising class of agents due to their broad-spectrum activity; however, their clinical application is often hindered by cytotoxicity and poor stability. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a novel ultrashort AMP-antibiotic conjugate, UP5-C-Levo, with improved antimicrobial efficacy and safety. METHODS: UP5-C-Levo was synthesized by covalently linking the ultrashort peptide UP5 to the antibiotic levofloxacin. The antimicrobial activity of the conjugate was assessed against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria using Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) assays. Antibiofilm efficacy was tested on Staphylococcus aureus biofilms. Cytotoxicity was evaluated via hemolysis of human erythrocytes and MTT assays on MDCK cells. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was employed to investigate bacterial membrane disruption. RESULTS: UP5-C-Levo exhibited potent antimicrobial activity, with MIC values ranging from 12.5 to 25 μM across all tested MDR strains. It significantly reduced biofilm biomass, achieving nearcomplete eradication of S. aureus biofilms. Hemolysis and cytotoxicity assays indicated minimal toxicity to human cells. SEM imaging revealed extensive bacterial membrane disruption, suggesting a dual mechanism of action. DISCUSSION: The conjugation of UP5 with levofloxacin resulted in a synergistic antimicrobial agent with enhanced efficacy and low cytotoxicity. The ability of UP5-C-Levo to disrupt bacterial membranes and eradicate biofilms addresses two major challenges in infection treatment. These findings align with current strategies aimed at overcoming antibiotic resistance through AMPbased drug design. CONCLUSION: UP5-C-Levo is a promising therapeutic candidate for the treatment of MDR and biofilm-associated infections. Its strong antibacterial and antibiofilm activity, combined with a favorable safety profile, supports further preclinical development and potential clinical translation.
Triple-Negative Breast Cancer and Artificial Intelligence: Current Paradigms in Diagnosis, Therapy Prediction, Prognosis, and Challenges.
Sharma A, Sharma A, Arora P … +2 more , Kumar A, Sharma AK
Curr Pharm Biotechnol · 2026 Jan · PMID 41588757 · Publisher ↗
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer that has a distinct histopathological profile, heterogeneity, and poor prognosis, with a limited number of available therapies. Artificial in...
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer that has a distinct histopathological profile, heterogeneity, and poor prognosis, with a limited number of available therapies. Artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), and radiomics have fundamentally improved the accuracy of diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy in TNBC. Recent AI advances in TNBC include transformer-graph convolution models like NACNet (90% accuracy, 96% sensitivity, AUC 0.82) for NAC response prediction, and longitudinal deep learning radiomics models achieving AUCs of 0.924 (training) and 0.875 (testing) by integrating ultrasound and clinical data. Hybrid CNN-Bi-LSTM-EfficientNet mammography models have reached 99.2% accuracy, while ConvNeXtBase ultrasound models achieved 89% accuracy and F1-scores of 0.81 for TNBC subtype classification. AI is also being paired with nanotechnology to create intelligent drug-delivery systems, reduce toxicity, predict drug resistance, and integrate tumor microenvironment, immune biomarkers, and radiomics for personalized therapy. AI-based imaging models have shown excellent accuracy in terms of diagnostics and subtyping of TNBC, with AUC values reaching up to 0.97. In the same context, DL-based models based on whole-slide histopathology images and radiomics predicted response to neoadjuvant therapy with AUC values as high as 0.96. AI-derived immune infiltrating cell (IIC) signatures, radiomics-derived omics models, and spatial tumor microenvironment (sTME) traits have been demonstrated to be prognostics for disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) as well. Various AI-based prognostic models, including the AI-based TLS-TB index nomogram, clinic-radiomics signatures, and Digi-sTILs scores, have C-index values from 0.65 to 0.76, supporting moderate to strong prognostic classification. Incorporating AI-derived immune signatures, tumor microenvironment, and radiomics with clinical parameters facilitates personalized planning for risk stratification, prognostic prediction, and selection of treatment options for management of TNBC compared to the traditional TNM staging alone. However, the generalizability of AI-derived models continued to be tested due to variations in training datasets and the biological heterogeneity of TNBC, which challenged their implementation and clinical applicability. Therefore, multi-center validation and prospective clinical trials will be the need of the hour to fully integrate AI as a tool in the standard practice of precision oncology and personalized management of TNBC.
About
- Frequency
- Sun
- Papers found
- 200
- RSS feed
- Subscribe