Endokrynologia Polska[JOURNAL]
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200 papers
BFGF downregulates endoplasmic reticulum stress to alleviate HUVEC cell damage under high-glucose and inflammatory conditions.
Hu F, Shen W, Xu L … +1 more , Xu H
Endokrynol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40586405 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Diabetic angiopathy is one of the common complications of diabetes and one of the main causes of death in diabetic patients. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) has various physiological functions. This s...
INTRODUCTION: Diabetic angiopathy is one of the common complications of diabetes and one of the main causes of death in diabetic patients. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) has various physiological functions. This study applies it to the treatment of vascular injuries in diabetes, aiming to find new treatment methods for diabetic angiopathy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Human umbilical vein endothelial (HUVEC) cells were cultivated, and a high glucose and inflammatory environment was induced. Cell-counting kit 8 (CCK8) assay was employed to observe the stimulation concentrations of bFGF and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and their impacts on the activity of HUVEC cells. Scratch assay and transwell assay were utilized to detect the migratory ability of HUVEC cells. Western blot (WB) assay was carried out to detect the expression levels of apoptosis, proliferation, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), and vascular function proteins. Immunofluorescence (IF) assay was used to detect the fluorescence intensity of apoptosis and vascular function proteins. Tube formation assay was performed to detect the tube-forming ability of HUVEC cells. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the expression levels of ERS genes. RESULTS: Under high-glucose and inflammatory environments, CCK8 assay found that bFGF enhanced the activity of HUVEC cells. The scratch and transwell assays confirmed that bFGF could enhance the migratory ability of HUVEC cells. The WB and IF assays revealed that bFGF could reduce the expression levels of apoptotic proteins and increase the expression levels of proliferative and vascular function proteins. Meanwhile, both the WB and PCR assays verified that bFGF could downregulate the expression levels of ERS proteins and genes. CONCLUSIONS: In high-glucose and inflammatory environments, bFGF can improve HUCEV cell function by downregulating ERS.
Sex differences in the prevalence and profile of metabolic syndrome: results of a screening program from Western Mexico in self-appointed healthy adults.
Trigueros-Del Valle GF, Tlacuilo-Parra A, Rivera-León EA … +4 more , Llamas-Covarrubias IM, Villafán-Bernal JR, Olivares-Ochoa XC, Sánchez-Enríquez S
Endokrynol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40586404 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, often remaining asymptomatic until complications arise. The prevalence of MS in apparently healthy populations in western...
INTRODUCTION: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, often remaining asymptomatic until complications arise. The prevalence of MS in apparently healthy populations in western Mexico is unknown. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of MS and its components in apparently healthy individuals from western Mexico. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study involving 947 individuals self-appointed as healthy during a screening program of MS was conducted. All participants underwent anthropometric measurements, blood pressure assessment, and laboratory tests to determine glucose, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides levels. The diagnosis of MS was established based on the criteria outlined by the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATPIII). Participants were categorized into three groups: healthy individuals (HS) (no components of HS), those bordering (with one or two components of MS), and those with metabolic syndrome (≥ 3 components of MS). Group comparisons were performed using ANOVA. The chi-squared test was used to assess associations between categorical variables. Student's t-test was used to compare means between the HS and MS groups. A statistical difference was considered significant when p < 0.05. RESULTS: The assessment identified 124 (13%) healthy individuals, 520 (55%) individuals bordering on MS, and 303 (32%) individuals with MS. The prevalence of MS was higher as age increased; women had a higher prevalence of hypoalphalipoproteinemia and elevated waist circumference, whereas men had a higher prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia. In general, men had a more impaired glycometabolic and lipidic profile. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of MS is high among self-appointed healthy individuals from Western Mexico, underscoring the need for personalized interventions focused on prevention, early detection, and treatment of MS.
Mechanism of protecting hepatocytes in NAFLD through MST1-FOXO3a-SREBP2 pathway.
Ma J, Wu Y, Li X … +8 more , Zhang C, Wang L, Ren Y, Li J, Xu Y, Wang K, Li J, Yang Y
Endokrynol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40586403 · Publisher ↗
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a globally prevalent chronic liver condition, primarily characterized by excessive accumulation of fat within the liver. A pivotal factor in the progression of NAFLD is choles...
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a globally prevalent chronic liver condition, primarily characterized by excessive accumulation of fat within the liver. A pivotal factor in the progression of NAFLD is cholesterol deposition, which significantly exacerbates liver cell damage through the induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. At the heart of this process is sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (SREBP2), a crucial transcription factor in cholesterol synthesis. The expression levels of SREBP2 are closely associated with the severity of NAFLD, marking it as a potential therapeutic target. In mouse liver, FOXO3a, a member of the forkhead box protein family, inhibits the expression of SREBP2. This regulation is further influenced by its phosphorylation by mammalian STE20-related kinase 1 (MST1). Our research has uncovered a novel pathway in a NAFLD model where MST1-induced phosphorylation facilitates the nuclear translocation of FOXO3a, leading to a subsequent inhibition of SREBP2 expression. This critical modulation not only curtails cholesterol synthesis but also mitigates cholesterol deposition, alleviates ER stress, and repairs liver cell damage. These findings highlight the MST1-FOXO3a-SREBP2 axis as a promising new target for NAFLD treatment strategies, offering potential pathways to ameliorate a disease that affects millions worldwide.
Selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) - potential anabolic drugs for the treatment of cachexia and frailty syndrome.
Borecki R, Byczkiewicz P, Słowikowska-Hilczer J
Endokrynol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40586402 · Publisher ↗
Cachexia is characterized by decreased body weight resulting from the predominance of catabolic over anabolic metabolism. The condition is likely to be caused by a decline in the body's physiological reserves, which lead...
Cachexia is characterized by decreased body weight resulting from the predominance of catabolic over anabolic metabolism. The condition is likely to be caused by a decline in the body's physiological reserves, which leads to breakdown of homeostatic processes in patients weakened by diseases. The overlapping disease is the frailty syndrome, i.e., a group of symptoms (decreases in skeletal muscle mass (sarcopenia) and bone density) that occur in the aging process. Additionally, cachexia is associated with elevated levels of various pro-catabolic indicators. Importantly, this condition responds rather poorly to standard nutritional support or medical nutrition, and is often accompanied by loss of appetite, which makes therapy much more difficult. The result is worsening of the patient's somatic condition and an increased risk of premature death. Compounds representing the class of selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) are a relatively new group of substances that could be used in the future to improve the condition of patients with cachexia and frailty syndrome. Two compounds, GTx-024/MK-2866 (enobosarm) and GSK2881078, are currently being tested in clinical trials. This paper discusses their effects and potential use in future cachexia and frailty therapies.
Estrogenic endocrine disruptors and cancer: a narrative review.
Lozano-Herrera SJ, García-Gutiérrez N, Hernández-Puga AG … +2 more , Luzardo-Ocampo I, Vergara-Castañeda HA
Endokrynol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40586401 · Publisher ↗
Estrogenic endocrine disruptors (e-EDCs) are synthetic or natural compounds present in the environment with the capacity of modulate molecular pathways regulated by estrogen hormones. Scientific evidence suggests a link...
Estrogenic endocrine disruptors (e-EDCs) are synthetic or natural compounds present in the environment with the capacity of modulate molecular pathways regulated by estrogen hormones. Scientific evidence suggests a link between e-EDCs exposure and the development of various types of cancers in organs as prostate, breast, cervix, uterus, colon, lung, liver, and others. Interestingly, synthetic and natural e-EDCs role on cancer development include both preventive and promotive mechanisms, that depend on their concentration and exposure period. The molecular action mechanisms of e-EDCs include diverse signaling pathways such as hormone-dependent gene expression, agonism or antagonism of hormone action, among others. This article reviews the studied molecular signaling pathways that underlie the natural and synthetic e-EDCs effects on the development of various types of cancer.
Adrenocortical carcinoma during pregnancy.
Klepinowska M, Sowińska-Przepiera E, Andrysiak-Mamos E … +3 more , Kiedrowicz B, Sagan K, Syrenicz A
Endokrynol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40586400 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignant neoplasm. Hypercortisolism and inhibition of gonadotropin secretion usually result in menstrual disorders and secondary amenorrhea. The coincidence of ACC...
INTRODUCTION: Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignant neoplasm. Hypercortisolism and inhibition of gonadotropin secretion usually result in menstrual disorders and secondary amenorrhea. The coincidence of ACC and pregnancy is therefore extremely rare. The signs of hypercortisolism are commonly seen in otherwise healthy pregnancies, which decreases the doctor's vigilance. We present the diagnostic challenges and current treatment recommendations according to European guidelines from the European Society of Endocrinology (ESE) and European Network for the Study of Adrenal Tumors (ENS@T) 2018 and Polish guidelines 2024. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We conducted an extensive search via MEDLINE using the phrases "Adrenocortical carcinoma", "ACC", and "Pregnancy" without temporal or language restrictions. Only cases with ACC diagnosed during pregnancy were taken into consideration. Ten papers were found, with 12 described cases. We analyzed the management and outcome both for the mother and the child. We also included a case of a woman treated in our department. A 29-year-old woman in the 20th/21st gestation week (GW) presented to us with Cushing's syndrome symptoms and androgenization. Laboratory tests showed low plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), high cortisol, testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-SO4), androstenedione, 24-hour urinary free cortisol (UFC), and hypokalemia. In the abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) there was a mass in the left adrenal gland. An open surgery was performed in the 21st GW with no perioperative complications. The pathology report established the diagnosis of ACC. The tumor board along with the patient decided to defer the adjuvant therapy until the 32nd GW to increase the odds for the fetus to survive. In the 31st GW an urgent caesarian section was performed due to risk of fetal hypoxia. Computed tomography (CT) scan after the delivery showed local recurrence in the tumor bed. The patient was qualified to mitotane therapy and underwent tumor bed radiotherapy followed by chemotherapy, but the treatment did not stop the progression of the disease. She passed away 14 months after the diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: It is critical to remember about the possibility of ACC occurrence during pregnancy, as well as to know about the differences in hormonal tests in pregnant women such as higher free plasma cortisol, ACTH, UFC, and high rate of false-positive results of low-dose dexamethasone suppression test (LDDST) in comparison to non-pregnant women. Therapeutical options are scarce and pose an ethical dilemma.
Pseudothyrotoxicosis in multiple myeloma.
Jin W, Zhang Q, Wei L … +1 more , Wang X
Endokrynol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40331854 · Publisher ↗
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Paraganglioma-induced catecholamine cardiomyopathy.
Yang Y, An Y, Bai Y … +4 more , Zhang L, Li Y, Zou Y, Dai X
Endokrynol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40331853 · Publisher ↗
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Multiaxial hypopituitarism induced by neurosarcoidosis.
Pędziwiatr E, Kaleta K, Możdżeń K … +9 more , Murawska A, Hypnar J, Makowska J, Pośpiech J, Horosin G, Celejewska-Wójcik N, Bogusławska A, Wójcik K, Hubalewska-Dydejczyk A
Endokrynol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40331852 · Publisher ↗
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Triglyceride-glucose index and remnant cholesterol in acute ischemic stroke - a cross-sectional study.
Chen C, Zhu W, Sun T … +8 more , Zhao H, Liu H, Zhang C, Hao M, Liang Q, Tian G, Jing D, Li K
Endokrynol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40331851 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: The association between insulin resistance and lipid metabolism in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) remains unclear. To explore their relationship and elucidate potential biomarkers for stroke management, we inv...
INTRODUCTION: The association between insulin resistance and lipid metabolism in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) remains unclear. To explore their relationship and elucidate potential biomarkers for stroke management, we investigated the association between the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG index) and remnant cholesterol (RC) in patients with AIS. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 116 patients diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and admitted to the Xiong'an New District Rongcheng People's Hospital between December 2022 and June 2023 were randomly chosen for this study. Patients were categorized into three groups based on either the TyG index or RC tertiles. To assess the association between the TyG index and RC, Spearman's rank correlation analysis was conducted. Additionally, ANOVA was utilized to compare the levels of RC across different TyG index tertiles. To determine if RC could serve as a potential explanatory variable of the TyG index and vice versa, multiple linear regression analysis was employed. Furthermore, ordinal logistic regression analysis was carried out to explore the relationships among the TyG index, RC, and AIS severity. RESULTS: Spearman's rank correlation analysis showed that the TyG index was positively correlated with RC (r = 0.645, p < 0.0001). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that RC was associated with the TyG index (β = 0.695, p < 0.001) and vice versa (β = 0.212,p = 0.008). Ordinal logistic regression analysis indicated that RC was positively associated with AIS severity (estimate = 0.713, p = 0.038). CONCLUSIONS: There is a strong correlation between the TyG index and RC in patients with AIS. In addition, RC was positively associated with the severity of AIS. The results of this study may promote a more comprehensive understanding of the association between insulin resistance and lipid metabolism in AIS.
The associations between skeletal muscle mass to visceral fat area ratio (SVR) with bone mineral density (BMD) and 10-year probability of fracture risk in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM): a cross-sectional study.
Guo Y, Li R, Xu N … +8 more , Wang Y, Jiang W, Wei J, Zhou X, Liang Y, Zhu L, Zhou Y, Xu J
Endokrynol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40331850 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have a higher risk of fracture, higher visceral fat, and lower muscle mass. The combined effect of skeletal muscle mass and visceral fat area [skeletal muscle m...
INTRODUCTION: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have a higher risk of fracture, higher visceral fat, and lower muscle mass. The combined effect of skeletal muscle mass and visceral fat area [skeletal muscle mass to visceral fat area ratio (SVR)] on bone mineral density (BMD) and fracture risk in T2DM patients is still unknown. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed on 422 patients. The associations between SVR with BMD and the 10-year probability of fractures [included major osteoporotic fracture (MOF), and hip fracture (HF)] were analyzed using R studio 4.2.3. Generalized additive models (GAMs) were used to identify the associations between SVR and BMD and fracture risk. RESULTS: There was a lower SVR in patients with osteoporosis/osteopenia than in controls. SVR was an independent determinant for BMD and MOF and HF, and SVR was positively associated with BMD and negatively associated with 10-year fracture risk in non-elderly men or elderly women with T2DM. SVR had an approximately positive linear association with BMD in elderly males and females, and it had an N-shaped curve association with BMD in non-elderly males. In addition, the associations between SVR and MOF/HF were negative linear in females and elderly men, and non-linear in non-elderly men. CONCLUSION: Our study provided a novel viewpoint on the relationship between SVR and BMD/fracture risk. Relatively high SVR is a protective factor for bone in T2DM patients, but the osteoprotective effect of SVR was mediated by age and gender, and it persisted only in non-elderly men and elderly women with T2DM.
Signal peptide-CUB-EGF domain-containing protein 1 levels in type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and obesity.
Kök M, Aslankoç R, Özmen Ö … +1 more , Ellidağ HY
Endokrynol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40331849 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Obesity, type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are metabolic disorders and global problems, the most significant complication of which is endothelial damage and the accompanyi...
INTRODUCTION: Obesity, type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are metabolic disorders and global problems, the most significant complication of which is endothelial damage and the accompanying platelet hyperactivity, which leads to cardiovascular disease. Signal peptide, CUB, and epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like domain-containing protein 1 (SCUBE1) is a protein secreted by both the endothelial cells and platelets. The present study compares the serum SCUBE1 levels of rats with experimentally induced obesity, T1DM, T2DM, and control subjects. It makes a comparative evaluation of the relationship between the groups. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Included in the study were 28 male Sprague-Dawley rats that were allocated to the obese group fed a high-fat diet (HFD); the T2DM group that received HFD plus a single dose of streptozocin (STZ); the T1DM group that received only STZ; and the control group. Serum SCUBE1 was analyzed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method, and caspase-3 (Cas-3), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interferon gamma (INF-γ), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) expressions in the liver and pancreas of rats were evaluated using immunohistochemical methods. RESULTS: Serum SCUBE1 levels were significantly higher in the obese, T1DM, and T2DM groups than in the control group, but there was no significant difference among the obese, T1DM, and T2DM groups. The study identified a significant relationship between serum SCUBE1 level and hepatic CAS3, IL-6, and SOD expressions and pancreatic SOD expression. CONCLUSIONS: The expression of SCUBE1 in both endothelial cells and platelets suggests that SCUBE1 could be used as a marker of endothelial dysfunction and platelet hyperactivity, which are significant complications in obesity, T1DM, and T2DM.
Assessment of preoperative risk factors for complications after distal pancreatectomy for neuroendocrine tumors.
Molasy B, Zemła P, Mrowiec S … +1 more , Kuśnierz K
Endokrynol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40331848 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Resection of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors is associated with a high risk of clinically relevant postoperative complications. This study aimed to evaluate and analyze the relationship between selected pr...
INTRODUCTION: Resection of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors is associated with a high risk of clinically relevant postoperative complications. This study aimed to evaluate and analyze the relationship between selected preoperative risk factors and the occurrence of clinically relevant early postoperative complications, including pancreatic fistulas, after distal pancreatic resections for neuroendocrine tumors. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The analysis included 78 patients who underwent surgery for neuroendocrine tumors of the body or tail of the pancreas. A retrospective analysis was carried out regarding age, sex, comorbidities, preoperative C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, tumor size, and Wirsung's duct diameter as measured on preoperative computed tomography (CT) scans of the abdomen. The severity of postoperative complications was assessed using the Clavien-Dindo classification, while the International Study Group on Pancreatic Fistula (ISGPF) classification was utilized to evaluate pancreatic fistulas. RESULTS: Pancreatic fistula was the most common complication and occurred in 42 cases (55.3%). A significant relationship was found between the ASA score and complication severity according to the Clavien-Dindo classification (p = 0.01). Multivariate analyses indicated associations between the occurrence of pancreatic fistula and male sex (OR = 0.17, p = 0.06), age (OR = 0.86, p < 0.01), preoperative CRP level (OR = 1.05, p = 0.01), and ASA score (OR = 125.97, p < 0.01). No significant correlation was identified between tumor size or Wirsung's duct diameter and the occurrence of clinically relevant postoperative complications or pancreatic fistulas (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The ASA score correlates with the severity of postoperative complications as assessed by the Clavien-Dindo classification. The risk factors for developing B and/or C pancreatic fistulas include age, male sex, elevated preoperative CRP levels, and higher ASA scores.
Causal relationship between educational attainment and Hashimoto's thyroiditis: a two-sample mendelian randomization study.
Zhang R, Chen Y, Deng X … +3 more , Li X, Qiao D, Yang H
Endokrynol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40331847 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: The etiology of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is diverse. The correlation between educational attainment (EA) and health is also a research hotspot. This study explores the relationship between EA and HT fro...
INTRODUCTION: The etiology of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is diverse. The correlation between educational attainment (EA) and health is also a research hotspot. This study explores the relationship between EA and HT from a genetic perspective. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Summary data on EA and HT were sourced from the MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) Open Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) database. Utilizing single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are strongly associated with EA as instrumental variables, we estimated the causal relationship between EA and HT through two-sample mendelian randomization (TSMR) analysis, including inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode approaches. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q test. Pleiotropy was evaluated via the MR-Egger intercept and the global test value from MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO). Additionally, a leave-one-out method along with funnel plot analysis was employed to examine stability. RESULTS: The IVW method revealed a significant correlation between EA and HT [odds ratio (OR): 0.933, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.898 to 0.970, p < 0.001], while similar evidence was observed using the weighted median method (OR: 0.938, 95% CI: 0.886 to 0.993, p = 0.029). Cochran's Q test indicated no heterogeneity (p > 0.05). Both the intercept value and global test result suggested an absence of pleiotropy (p > 0.05). The leave-one-out approach did not identify any individual SNP exerting a significant influence on the overall effect estimate. Furthermore, scatter points in the funnel plot exhibited near symmetry, indicating robust study stability. CONCLUSION: EA is associated with lower risk of HT.
Gut-thyroid axis: investigating the causality between the gut microbiota and autoimmune thyroid disease based on a Mendelian randomization study.
Zheng T, Li X, Xiang H
Endokrynol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40331846 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Current studies have identified a close connection between the gut microbiota (GM) and autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), indicating that the dysregulation of the GM could play a crucial bridging role in AI...
INTRODUCTION: Current studies have identified a close connection between the gut microbiota (GM) and autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), indicating that the dysregulation of the GM could play a crucial bridging role in AITD. However, the causality between them has not been definitively defined. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We utilized the summary statistics of GM from the largest available meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies conducted by the MiBioGen consortium. The data on AITD were derived from the Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) database. We investigated the causality between GM and AITD through various analytical methods in a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. This encompassed methods like inverse variance weighted, MR-Egger, weighted median, weighted mode, and simple mode. RESULTS: Our findings revealed a protective effect of genus Methanobrevibacter [odds ratio (OR) = 0.791, p = 0.044], order Rhodospirillales(OR = 0.775, p = 0.019) on Graves' disease (GD). However, the family Clostridiales vadin BB60 group (OR = 1.222, p = 0.038), genus Anaerofilum (OR = 1.243, p = 0.038), genus Barnesiella (OR = 1.405, p = 0.021), genus Intestinibacter (OR = 1.777, p = 0.000), and order NB1n (OR = 1.270, p = 0.003) were identified as risk factors for GD. In addition, family Alcaligenaceae (OR = 0.691, p= 0.004), family Rhodospirillaceae (OR = 0.813, p = 0.013), genus Butyrivibrio (OR = 0.877, p = 0.019), genus Prevotella 7 (OR = 0.835, p = 0.026), genus Ruminococcaceae UCG011 (OR = 0.883, p = 0.032), genus Ruminococcaceae UCG013 (OR = 0.797, p = 0.048), and order Lactobacillales (OR = 0.759, p = 0.009) had a protective effect on Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). Genus Intestinimonas (OR = 1.247, p = 0.010) was a risk factor for HT. Based on the findings from the reverse MR analysis, AITD did not exert a significant causal influence on the GM. There waere no observed remarkable instrumental variables of heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy. CONCLUSION: Our study offered evidence of causal relationship between certain GM and AITD using two-sample MR analysis. This may provide novel perspectives on diagnosis and latent therapeutic targets for AITD.
Polycystic ovary syndrome patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease - comparison of the diagnostic methods.
Pluta D, Migacz M, Kochman K … +3 more , Krajewski B, Holecki M, Madej P
Endokrynol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40331845 · Publisher ↗
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most prevalent endocrinopathy affecting women of reproductive age. Except for the typical symptoms of this syndrome, metabolic disorders are relatively common. Metabolic dysfunctio...
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most prevalent endocrinopathy affecting women of reproductive age. Except for the typical symptoms of this syndrome, metabolic disorders are relatively common. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) diagnosis criteria include hepatic steatosis, excessive fat in the liver, and evidence of steatosis. Women with PCOS are more likely to have this kind of liver disease; thus, the diagnosis is essential. Early treatment is crucial in enhancing liver parameters, affecting the disease's overall course. Liver biopsy is the gold standard of MASLD diagnosis, but non-invasive screening methods are preferred due to possible health complications. Insulin resistance (IR), chronic inflammation, and hyperandrogenemia contribute to MASLD development in PCOS patients. Dysregulation of insulin signaling in the ovaries of PCOS women causes an increase in androgen production. Hyperandrogenism has been taken as the cofactor and independent indicator contributing to the mentioned disease. Excess of androgens in PCOS-affected women may be a guideline for running some MASLD tests to detect ongoing liver steatosis early. Calculators like FIB-4 (fibrosis index based on four factors), BAAT [body mass index (BMI), age, alanine transferase (ALT), triglycerides], and FLI (fatty liver index) are used to detect liver fibrosis or steatosis, making them the right tools for screening among PCOS patients if we aim to prevent further consequences of MASLD. The ultrasound evaluation of MASLD and liver fibrosis is an adequate tool due to its non-invasiveness, low cost, and high availability. Transient elastography makes it possible to find liver steatosis in PCOS patients with high sensitivity. Liver fibrosis interconnects frailly with PCOS; therefore, using FibroScan could be helpful as a screening tool, especially in young patients. If the aim is to rule out significant fibrosis, methods regarding fibrosis (FibroScan, FIB-4, BAAT) are preferable. Unfortunately, these methods are unsuitable for distinguishing between absent and initial fibrosis, and their usefulness is limited regarding fibrosis prevention. Methods regarding steatosis (emphasizing TE, FLI as a second-choice method) can detect liver steatosis, making them the right tool for screening among adult and teenage PCOS patients if the aim is to prevent further consequences of MASLD.
"Satiety molecules" - nesfatin-1 and glucagon-like peptide 1 in blood serum in patients with anorexia nervosa and obesity.
Blaska M, Gołąb-Jenerał K, Ziora K
Endokrynol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40331844 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Nesfatin-1 (NESF-1) is a neuropeptide occurring in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues. Strongly associated with anxiety, it regulates glucose levels and is a negative modulator of food intake...
INTRODUCTION: Nesfatin-1 (NESF-1) is a neuropeptide occurring in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues. Strongly associated with anxiety, it regulates glucose levels and is a negative modulator of food intake. Intracerebroventricularly injected nesfatin-1 in experimental animals inhibits food intake, whereas administration of a NESF-1 neutralizing antibody stimulates their appetite. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), a gastrointestinal ormone released ca. 15-30 min. after a meal, demonstrates incretin properties. Peripheral administration of GLP-1 stimulates the secretion of gastric acid, slows down the emptying of the stomach, and reduces the feeling of hunger and the quantity of food ingested by the obese population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A review of the medical database PubMed was carried out covering the years 1990-2024 in terms of blood concentrations of nesfatin-1 and GLP-1 in patients suffering from anorexia nervosa and simple obesity and the role of these hormones in the etiopathogenesis of the eating disorders referred to above. RESULTS: Based on the review of the available literature, it was noted that concentrations of NESF-1 in blood serum are reduced in the group of adult patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) and higher in the group of obese patients, in comparison to a control group of individuals with normal body weight. Findings of research on blood concentrations of GLP-1 in adult subjects with AN are divergent - they point to higher, reduced, or not significantly different GLP-1 levels as compared to the control group. According to the studies, in obese subjects basal GLP-1 levels in blood do not differ significantly from those of subjects with normal body weight, whereas after a meal or glucose administration they are significantly reduced compared to obese subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Nesfatin-1 and GLP-1 are associated with eating disorders, although their role has not been fully clarified so far. Regulation of concentrations of these peptides is assumed to be important in adaptation processes of an organism to deficient and excessive body weight or to play a role in the etiopathogenesis of anorexia nervosa and obesity.
Contemporary localization diagnostics in primary hyperparathyroidism. Review of visualization techniques including ultrasonography, PTH washout, 99mTc-MIBI scintigraphy, and 18F-choline PET.
Witowska A, Cieślewicz M, Suchecka W … +3 more , Czepczyński R, Szczepanek-Parulska E, Ruchała M
Endokrynol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40331843 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Primary hyperparathyroidism is a set of symptoms caused by overproduction of parathormone (PTH), leading to impaired calcium and phosphorus metabolism. Proper diagnosis and detection of a parathyroid adenom...
INTRODUCTION: Primary hyperparathyroidism is a set of symptoms caused by overproduction of parathormone (PTH), leading to impaired calcium and phosphorus metabolism. Proper diagnosis and detection of a parathyroid adenoma, including ectopic ones, is crucial to confirm the diagnosis and to tailor further treatment. In clinical practice, preoperative localization of parathyroid adenomas is a difficult task. Conventional imaging studies such as ultrasonography (US) and 99mTc-MIBI scintigraphy often cause unequivocal results; therefore, additional examinations are needed. The following paper discusses currently available diagnostic methods that could help in doubtful cases, and which should be considered during localization of parathyroid lesions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: When writing the following paper, we researched medical databases, such as PubMed and Google Scholar, for papers published in 2000-2024 with special attention paid to the latest articles published in the past 5 years. The presented data are gathered from 66 selected publications on primary hyperparathyroidism and contemporary methods of localization diagnostics by keywords: "primary hyperparathyroidism", "parathyroids", "parathormone", "MIBI", "scintigraphy", "parathyroids ultrasonography", "parathyroid adenoma", "parathyroid localization diagnostics", "imaging studies in hyperparathyroidism", "minimally invasive surgery in hyperparathyroidism", "18F-choline", "PET", and "PTH washout." RESULTS: Use of positron emission tomography with 18F-choline (18F-FCH PET/CT) or parathormone washout from ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) increases the effectiveness of localization diagnostics. Due to the high sensitivity of those tests, contemporary reports emphasize their value more often than ever. These examinations have a great impact on the accurate identification of parathyroid lesions, and in some cases they allow minimally invasive surgery to be performed. CONCLUSIONS: The following paper underlines a need for determination of a perfect tool for primary hyperparathyroidism localization diagnostics based on its sensitivity and availability; however, contemporary available tests and exams when combined may bring great results and allow a patient to be qualified for a minimally invasive surgical treatment.
Surprising diagnosis of Paget's disease of bone during malignancy diagnosis.
Wandzilak K, Renke M, Obołończyk Ł
Endokrynol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40331837 · Publisher ↗
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Thymic well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor with isolated bone marrow metastases: an unusual metastatic pattern.
Jóźwik-Plebanek K, Saracyn M, Mądra W … +6 more , Kołodziej M, Durma A, Grala B, Gniadek-Olejniczak K, Stec R, Kamiński G
Endokrynol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40331836 · Publisher ↗
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Not required for Clinical Vignette.
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