Gynecological Endocrinology[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Improved insulin sensitivity and reproductive profile in overweight/obese PCOS patients undergoing integrative treatment with carnitines, L-arginine, L-cysteine and myo-inositol.
Genazzani AD, Battipaglia C, Foschi M … +7 more , Semprini E, Aio C, Spelta E, Kostrzak A, Rusce ML, Szeliga A, Meczekalski B
Gynecol Endocrinol · 2025 Dec · PMID 39874141 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of a combination of carnitines, L-arginine, L-cysteine and myo-inositol on metabolic and reproductive parameters in PCOS overweight/obese patients. METHODS: This was a retrospective stu...
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of a combination of carnitines, L-arginine, L-cysteine and myo-inositol on metabolic and reproductive parameters in PCOS overweight/obese patients. METHODS: This was a retrospective study analyzing information of a group of PCOS ( = 25) overweight/obesity patients, not requiring hormonal treatment, selected from the database of the ambulatory clinic of the Gynecological Endocrinology Center at the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy. The hormonal profile, routine exams and insulin and C-peptide response to oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were evaluated before and after 12 weeks of a daily oral complementary treatment with L-carnitine (500 mg), acetyl-L-carnitine (250 mg), L-arginine (500 mg), L-cysteine (100 mg) and myo-inositol (1 gr). The hepatic insulin extraction index was also calculated. RESULTS: The mix of complementary substances significantly improved metabolic parameters, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance index values and gonadotropin plasma levels. Glucose, C-peptide and insulin response to OGTT was significantly reduced as well as the hepatic insulin extraction index. CONCLUSION: The administration of a combination of carnitines, L-arginine, L-cysteine and myoinositol improved gonadotropin plasma levels and insulin sensitivity in overweight/obese PCOS patients and restored hepatic clearance of insulin as demonstrated by the decreased hepatic insulin extraction index.
Biallelic mutations in CDC20 cause female infertility due to oocyte maturation abnormality.
Jiao G, Xing J, Du Z … +2 more , Bao H, Liu X
Gynecol Endocrinol · 2025 Dec · PMID 39862142 · Publisher ↗
Oocyte maturation arrest (OMA) may occur at different stages, including the germinal vesicle (GV), metaphase I (MI), and metaphase II (MII). A total maturation arrest of human oocytes is rarely observed during fertiliza...
Oocyte maturation arrest (OMA) may occur at different stages, including the germinal vesicle (GV), metaphase I (MI), and metaphase II (MII). A total maturation arrest of human oocytes is rarely observed during fertilization (IVF). We have identified a case of infertile female for whom all oocytes fail to mature and are arrested at MI. Whole-exome sequencing revealed a compound heterozygous mutant (c.533C > A: p.Val458Ala; c.1373T > C: p.Ala178Glu) in cell division cycle 20 (). Through rigorous validation using Sanger sequencing technology, both of her parents have been confirmed as genetic carriers of these specific mutations. Based on the three-dimensional (3D) structures of the CDC20 protein used to assess the effect of the mutant, the mutant causes a change in hydrogen bond in the protein structure, which may affect the stability of the mutant protein. Previous studies have firmly established CDC20 as a pivotal member of the cell cycle regulation family, playing an indispensable role in the transition from metaphase to anaphase during cell division. Our findings not only broaden the current understanding of gene mutations but also profoundly illuminate how these mutations serve as potential genetic mechanisms underlying the arrest of oocyte maturation.
Evaluation of the evidence-based practices for the management of PCOS in the Latin America context: the consensus of the Latin American Association of Gynecological Endocrinology (ALEG).
Spritzer PM, Gonzalo Salazar Santos G, Munevar Vega ML … +22 more , Chedraui P, Pilnik S, Camero Lascano A, Belardo A, Elizalde Cremonte A, Vivas Ramírez A, Rosas Balán A, Barragán AM, Gómez Quintero AM, Camargo Rodríguez CA, Buitrago DA, Barón Castañeda G, Rossi G, de La Parra I, Montes Suárez ID, Michel Vergara JA, Marchesan LB, Abril Barreto M, Sánchez Torrejón M, Lima S, Ramos de Ferreira TJ, Manzur A
Gynecol Endocrinol · 2025 Dec · PMID 39862138 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a complex condition affecting approximately 1 in 10 women of reproductive age. However, limited data are available regarding the specific characteristics and needs of women...
OBJECTIVES: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a complex condition affecting approximately 1 in 10 women of reproductive age. However, limited data are available regarding the specific characteristics and needs of women with PCOS in Latin America. This consensus sought to evaluate the evidence-based practices for the management of PCOS for Latin American populations, consolidate regional insights, identify eventual gaps in implementation and identify key research opportunities. METHODS: Using the Delphi strategy, experts from various Latin American countries selected and reviewed a subset of recommendations from the 2023 International Evidence-Based Guideline (EBG) for the Assessment and Management of PCOS. Virtual and in-person meetings facilitated discussions on the selected recommendations, followed by voting rounds to achieve consensus. RESULTS: A total of 33 recommendations for PCOS diagnosis and treatment were evaluated. In the initial voting round, 25 recommendations achieved strong agreement (80%-100% support), while eight received less than 80% agreement. After further discussions on their relevance and potential to influence behavior change among health professionals and public health policies, the remaining recommendations achieved near-unanimous support in the second round. CONCLUSIONS: This consensus underscored evidence-based practices for PCOS diagnosis and treatment deemed appropriate for the Latin American context. It also highlighted implementation barriers such as cost and accessibility, while identifying opportunities for research to improve PCOS management and address regional challenges. These findings aim to enhance clinical care and inform public health strategies tailored to the needs of Latin American women living with PCOS.
Novel serum biomarkers for early diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus-a review.
Kunicki M, Rzewuska N, Sopońska P … +3 more , Pawłosek A, Sowińska I, Kloska A
Gynecol Endocrinol · 2025 Dec · PMID 39834324 · Publisher ↗
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affects 9-25% of pregnancies. Undiagnosed or poorly managed GDM is associated with both short- and long-term complications in the fetus and mother. The pathogenesis of GDM is complex a...
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affects 9-25% of pregnancies. Undiagnosed or poorly managed GDM is associated with both short- and long-term complications in the fetus and mother. The pathogenesis of GDM is complex and has not yet been fully elucidated. Several biomarkers found in maternal serum have the potential for the early diagnosis of GDM. The aim of this narrative review was to explore novel biomarkers that have not been comprehensively described in previous reviews. We believe these biomarkers may allow for the detection of GDM in the early stages of pregnancy, enabling timely proper treatment and potentially preventing complications for both the mother and the fetus.
Animal experiments and network pharmacology to explore the anti-inflammatory mechanism of dapagliflozin in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome.
Liu Y, Bai H, Guan H … +6 more , Wang C, Song X, Yong Z, Guo X, Li L, Zhang Z
Gynecol Endocrinol · 2025 Dec · PMID 39826530 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine and metabolic disorder associated with chronic low-grade inflammation of the ovary. Sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a class of ant...
BACKGROUND: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine and metabolic disorder associated with chronic low-grade inflammation of the ovary. Sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a class of antidiabetic drugs that can reduce the weight and hyperglycemia of type 2 diabetes patients. Dapagliflozin is a highly selective, orally active and reversible inhibitor of the human SGLT2. However, the role of dapagliflozin in regulating PCOS remains unclear. METHODS: In this study, 24 six-week-old female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into control, letrozole, and letrozole + dapagliflozin groups. PCOS model rats were produced by gavage administration of letrozole for 21 days. The intervention was conducted after the gavage administration of dapagliflozin for 14 days to evaluate the estrous cycle and ovarian imaging changes of the rats in each group. We observed changes in the weight, ovarian weight, and ovarian morphology of the rats in each group. Pathological changes in the ovaries were examined by H&E staining, changes in ovarian tissue cell apoptosis were identified using TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) staining, and changes in inflammation-related factors were detected using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting analysis. Network pharmacology was used to predict the inflammatory targets and pathways affected by dapagliflozin in treating PCOS, and the potential interactions between dapagliflozin and inflammation-related target proteins were evaluated through molecular docking. RESULTS: Our results demonstrated that dapagliflozin treatment significantly improved PCOS symptoms, recovered ovarian morphology and physiological functions, and reduced the apoptosis of ovarian cells after drug intervention. Dapagliflozin treatment also reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, indicating its anti-inflammatory properties. Furthermore, network pharmacology identified 26 intersecting target genes relevant to inflammation in PCOS, with subsequent molecular docking simulations revealing strong binding affinities of dapagliflozin to key targets, including AKT1 and TP53. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that dapagliflozin exerts beneficial effects on PCOS by ameliorating ovarian dysfunction and reducing inflammation. Dapagliflozin represents a promising therapeutic candidate for managing PCOS, warranting further clinical investigation to explore its full potential in treating this multifaceted disorder.
Age-specific reference ranges and variation of anti-mülerian hormone in healthy Chinese women of reproductive and perimenopausal age: a nationwide population-based prospective multicenter cross-sectional study.
Hu L, Yang H, Luo H … +8 more , Zhang Y, Wang X, Wei S, Wu Q, Jiang Y, Liang X, Chen J, Sun Y
Gynecol Endocrinol · 2025 Dec · PMID 39819231 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: To determine the variation of serum AMH levels in healthy Chinese women and establish AMH reference ranges accordingly. METHODS: This prospective cross-sectional multicenter study was designed to enroll health...
OBJECTIVE: To determine the variation of serum AMH levels in healthy Chinese women and establish AMH reference ranges accordingly. METHODS: This prospective cross-sectional multicenter study was designed to enroll healthy Chinese women of reproductive age (20-39 years) and perimenopausal age (40-49 years) from five reproductive centers in different regions of China. The study began in May 2022 and finished in February 2023. Age-specific 2.5th-97.5th percentiles AMH reference ranges were established. Multivariable linear regressions were undertaken to analyze the association of serum AMH with different demographic and clinical variables, including antral follicle count (AFC). RESULTS: 1113 healthy Chinese women were enrolled, including 614 of premenopausal age and others of reproductive age. The AMH (ng/ml) reference ranges for Chinese women of reproductive age were 0.87-9.89 (20-24 years), 0.42-8.24 (25-29 years), 0.34-7.46 (30-34 years), and 0.28-5.66 (35-39 years). For perimenopausal women, their reference ranges were 0.12-4.63 (40-41 years), 0.01-4.12 (42-43 years), 0.01-2.65 (44-45 years), 0.01-1.90 (46-47 years), and 0.01-1.08 (48-49 years). The regression of AMH on AFC adjusted by age is Log10(AMH)=0.2594-0.0235*Age + 0.0632*AFC. CONCLUSIONS: This study established the age-specific serum AMH reference ranges for healthy Chinese women of reproductive and premenopausal age, and observed that the consistent decrease of AMH after 20 years accelerated around the beginning of perimenopause (40 years).
Effect of combined aerobic exercise and resistance training on postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Valenti VE, Chagas ADS, Chedraui P … +7 more , de Souza IS, Porto AA, Sorpreso ICE, Soares Júnior JM, Zangirolami-Raimundo J, Garner DM, Raimundo RD
Gynecol Endocrinol · 2025 Dec · PMID 39797630 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: There is no strong evidence demonstrating whether or not aerobic exercise in conjunction with resistance exercise improves metabolic diabetes markers in postmenopausal women. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect...
BACKGROUND: There is no strong evidence demonstrating whether or not aerobic exercise in conjunction with resistance exercise improves metabolic diabetes markers in postmenopausal women. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of aerobic exercise and resistance training on metabolic markers in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by means of a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS: The searches were completed using EMBASE, MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases. This study included non-blinded, single or double-blinded randomized control trials and postmenopausal women diagnosed with T2DM. The imposed intervention was aerobic exercise plus any training protocol to strengthen muscle groups for resistance intervention. The outcomes of interest were the blood glucose levels, insulin secretion, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Risk of Bias tools and GRADE were obligatory. RESULTS: Three studies were included (83 participants). Exercise intervention ranged between two to four days per week. Compared to the control group, in the group submitted to aerobic exercise + resistance training, no significant change was noted for HbA1c (subtotal = mean difference - 0.35 [95% CI: -0.85, 0.15], = .17, and heterogeneity = 0%) (GRADE: very low), nevertheless, HOMA-IR index was significantly improved (subtotal = mean difference -0.52 [95% CI: -0.99, -0.05], = .03, and heterogeneity = 0%) (GRADE: very low). CONCLUSION: Despite the very low certainty found in the quality of evidences, our analysis showed that aerobic exercise along with strength exercise seems to improve some metabolic diabetes markers in postmenopausal women with T2DM. There is a need for further studies to support our preliminary findings.
Systematic review and meta-analysis on the association of metabolic syndrome in women with overactive bladder.
Fernández-Alonso AM, López-Baena MT, García-Alfaro P … +1 more , Pérez-López FR
Gynecol Endocrinol · 2025 Dec · PMID 39743909 · Publisher ↗
AIMS: A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to determine the association of metabolic syndrome (METS) in women with and without overactive bladder (OAB). METHODS: PRISMA guidelines were followed and the pr...
AIMS: A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to determine the association of metabolic syndrome (METS) in women with and without overactive bladder (OAB). METHODS: PRISMA guidelines were followed and the protocol was registered at PROSPERO (CRD42024606398). We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and LILACS databases to obtain relevant articles for studies reporting METS outcomes related to OAB published through October 2024. A meta-analysis was performed of available studies using random effect models. Results are reported as mean difference (MD), standardized MD (SMD), or odds ratio (OR) and their 95% confidence interval (CI). Heterogeneity was described with the statistic. The quality of studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. RESULTS: Of the 108 non-duplicated retrieved citations, after successive selection, four case-control studies with low or moderate risk of bias reported information about the association of METS in women assessed with the 8-item OAB Symptom Bother Scale. OAB patients displayed higher body mass index (BMI, MD: 3.27, 95% CI: 2.12, 4.43), waist circumference (MD: 7.96, 95% CI: 4.41, 11.52), fasting blood glucose (SMD: 1.26, 95% CI: 0.18, 2.34), triglycerides (SMD: 0.24, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.47), and LDL-cholesterol (SMD: 0.30, 95%CI: 0.06, 0.54) levels. In addition to low HDL-cholesterol levels (SMD: -0.40, 95% CI: -0.74, -0.06) compared to the control group. There were no significant differences in circulating total cholesterol levels and rates of hypertension, hysterectomy, postmenopausal status, and constipation in women with and without OAB. CONCLUSION: Women with OAB display associations with age, BMI, waist circumference, and METS factors.
The potential role of uric acid in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
Gong Z, Zhang L, Shi Y
Gynecol Endocrinol · 2024 Dec · PMID 39718393 · Publisher ↗
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age and is associated with a variety of multi-system complications. The prevailing treatment strategy for PCOS is to individu...
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age and is associated with a variety of multi-system complications. The prevailing treatment strategy for PCOS is to individualize the interventions based on individual symptoms and patient complaints. However, optimal efficacy in treatment necessitates a focus on addressing the underlying pathogenic mechanisms. Uric acid (UA), the end product of purine metabolism, has been suggested to be involved in the development of several diseases, including PCOS. However, the precise mechanisms by which UA may affect PCOS remain incompletely understood. This literature review aims to investigate the correlation between UA and the various clinical presentations of PCOS, such as hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance (IR), ovulation disorders, obesity, and other related manifestations, through the analysis of epidemiological and clinical studies. The purpose of this study is to improve our comprehension of how UA contributes to each aspect of PCOS and their interrelationship, thus identifying the potential role of UA as a facilitator of PCOS. Furthermore, we explore potential pathways linking UA and PCOS, and propose therapeutic interventions based on these findings to optimize the management of this condition.
Ovarian tissue cryopreservation for a girl with combined severe hemolytic anemia due to pyruvate kinase deficiency: a case report and literature review.
Jiang L, Ruan X, Du J … +8 more , Cheng J, Li Y, Gu M, Li Y, Jin F, Zhang J, Xu J, Mueck AO
Gynecol Endocrinol · 2024 Dec · PMID 39718222 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: To present a young girl with pyruvate kinase deficiency (PKD) and concurrent severe hemolytic anemia who underwent fertility preservation and cryopreservation. Clinical symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and new...
OBJECTIVE: To present a young girl with pyruvate kinase deficiency (PKD) and concurrent severe hemolytic anemia who underwent fertility preservation and cryopreservation. Clinical symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and new strategies for fertility protection and preservation in PKD patients who require allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell therapy are explored. CASE PRESENTATION: Six-year-old girl with persistent unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia and severe hemolytic anemia since birth, continuous elevation of bilirubin levels and severe splenomegaly. She was diagnosed with PKD, an open laparotomy for splenectomy was performed and ovarian tissue cryopreservation (OTC) was used to preserve fertility and ovarian endocrine function. Due to the previous donor being unsuitable, it took five months to find and match a new hematopoietic stem cell donor. Five months after OTC, the patient underwent high-dose busulfan and ciclosporin chemotherapy in preparation for peripheral blood stem cell transplantation and received rabbit anti-T-lymphocyte globulin to prevent graft-versus-host disease. Her red and white blood cells, hemoglobin and platelets are now generally within the normal range, total bilirubin and direct bilirubin in liver function have also normalized and AMH is below the lower limit of normal. Until now, no signs of a negative impact of OTC have been observed. CONCLUSION: Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is essential for effective treatment of pyruvate kinase deficiency. We assess OTC as the only possible fertility preservation method for children who cannot undergo embryo and oocyte cryopreservation.
Changes in polyunsaturated fatty acids are linked to metabolic syndrome in climacteric syndrome patients.
Ye H, Zhou L, Liu Q … +1 more , Xiao W
Gynecol Endocrinol · 2024 Dec · PMID 39714943 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: This study explored the association between ω-6 to ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and metabolic syndrome in women experiencing climacteric syndrome. METHODS: The study involved 186 female participants...
OBJECTIVE: This study explored the association between ω-6 to ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and metabolic syndrome in women experiencing climacteric syndrome. METHODS: The study involved 186 female participants and utilized surveys, anthropometric measurements (waist circumference, height, BMI, waist-to-height ratio), blood pressure assessments, and blood samples for lipid profile, glucose, insulin, HbA1c analysis. Serum PUFAs levels were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS: The study found significantly higher measurements of waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, systolic and diastolic blood pressure in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome compared to the control group. In addition, the metabolic syndrome group showed significantly higher levels of fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HbA1c, insulin, triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein ratio, and total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein ratio. Furthermore, the study also identified significant differences among premenopausal women, postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome, and postmenopausal women without metabolic syndrome in terms of omega-3 alpha-linolenic acid, omega-3 docosahexaenoic acid, omega-6 arachidonic acid, and omega-6 to omega-3 ratio. CONCLUSIONS: We observed that high ω-6 arachidonic acid and ω-6/ω-3 ratio and low ω-3 ALA and ω-3 DHA were associated with high TG and WHtR. High TG and WHtR levels in postmenopausal women are associated with increased risk of Mets.
The role of mitochondrial DNA copy number in female infertility: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study.
Wan X, Lai X, Huang M … +6 more , Yu M, Ding T, Huang Z, Zhang Z, Wu X, Tan J
Gynecol Endocrinol · 2024 Dec · PMID 39711233 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Previous studies on the impact of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number on female infertility were limited and inconsistent. METHODS: The causal relationship between mtDNA copy number and female infertility w...
BACKGROUND: Previous studies on the impact of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number on female infertility were limited and inconsistent. METHODS: The causal relationship between mtDNA copy number and female infertility was evaluated using a bidirectional 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) method. Inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was applied for principal analysis, and MR-Egger, weighted median, simple mode, weighted mode method for secondary analyses. Sensitivity analysis was conducted using MR-PRESSO, MR-Egger, Cochran's Q, and leave-one-out tests. Two large-scale GWAS mtDNA copy number datasets were employed for testing and validation to ensure reliable results. RESULTS: According to the forward MR analysis, genetically predicted mtDNA copy number was not associated with premature ovarian failure (POF) (OR = 1.969, 95% CI 0.571-6.789; = .283), polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) (OR = 0.821, 95% CI 0.314-2.142; = .686), endometriosis (OR = 1.281, 95% CI 0.962-1.704; = 0.090), or female infertility (OR = 0.966; 95% CI 0.744-1.253; = .794) but was associated with intestinal endometriosis (OR = 7.528; 95% CI 1.654-34.262; = .009) and adenomyosis (OR = 1.710; 95% CI 1.118-2.616; = .013). Reverse MR studies did not reveal a correlation between female infertility and mtDNA copy number. Similar results were observed in the validation data. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggested that there is no causal relationship between mtDNA copy number and female infertility, but there is a causal relationship between mtDNA copy number and intestinal endometriosis and adenomyosis. The genetic evidence provided by this study provides a new perspective for studying the impact of mtDNA copy number on female infertility.
Gelatin/polycaprolactone membranes promote endometrial regeneration and restore fertility.
Wang X, Yang CR, Zhao ZD … +2 more , Liu DG, Li CZ
Gynecol Endocrinol · 2024 Dec · PMID 39708335 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effectiveness of gelatin/polycaprolactone (GT/PCL) membranes for restoring endometrial structure and function and fertility in a rat model of endometrial injury. METHODS: We randomized 125 f...
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effectiveness of gelatin/polycaprolactone (GT/PCL) membranes for restoring endometrial structure and function and fertility in a rat model of endometrial injury. METHODS: We randomized 125 female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats to the sham, natural repair (NR), estrogen (E), GT/PCL, and E-GT/PCL groups. Except for the sham group, all rats underwent uterine curettage. After 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks, 12 rats from each group were sacrificed; their uterine tissue was collected for histological, immunohistochemical, and reverse transcription quantitative-polymerase chain reaction analyses. Eight rats from each group underwent radiography of the uterine cavity. The remaining 25 females were mated with males to assess fertility 60 d postoperatively. RESULTS: The GT/PCL and E-GT/PCL groups had higher endometrial thickness, collagen degradation, cytokeratin 19, vimentin (VIM) expression, and microvessel densities and had higher levels of estrogen receptors (ERα) but lower levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) than the NR and E groups. They also showed better hysterographic patency, with the shape of the uterine cavity similar to that of the sham group, and higher embryo implantation rates than the NR and E groups. CONCLUSIONS: GT/PCL membranes promote endometrial regeneration and improve fertility in rats. They may help prevent intrauterine adhesions (IUAs) postoperatively and warrant further investigation.
Relationship of adiponectin, leptin and reproductive endocrine hormones with insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome patients with normal BMI.
Feng W, Xie X, Su Y … +2 more , Jin R, Shi W
Gynecol Endocrinol · 2024 Dec · PMID 39692030 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to analyze the correlation of adiponectin (APN) and leptin (LEP), reproductive endocrine hormones with insulin resistance (IR) in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients with normal body mas...
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to analyze the correlation of adiponectin (APN) and leptin (LEP), reproductive endocrine hormones with insulin resistance (IR) in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients with normal body mass index (BMI). METHODS: Totally 160 PCOS patients were categorized into the Normal BMI (BMI: 18.5-25 kg/m, = 62) and High BMI (BMI > 25 kg/m, = 98) groups. Glucose indicators [fasting plasma glucose, fasting insulin and Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR)], lipid indicators [total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)], adipokines [APN and LEP] and reproductive endocrine hormones [luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), prolactin (PRL), total testosterone (TT), dehy-droepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) and estradiol (E2)] were collected, and their correlations were analyzed. The relationship of HOMA-IR with APN, LEP and reproductive endocrine hormones was subjected to multiple linear regression analysis. RESULTS: Correlation analysis revealed positive correlations of HOMA-IR with TC, TG, LDL-C, LEP, PRL, DHEAS and TT and negative correlations with HDL-C, APN, LH, FSH and E2 in PCOS patients with normal BMI. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that LH, FSH and E2 negatively affected HOMA-IR, while PRL positively affected HOMA-IR. CONCLUSION: There were strong correlations of HOMA-IR in PCOS patients with normal BMI with APN, LEP, and reproductive endocrine hormones. Besides, LH, FSH, E2 and PRL expression had an important effect on IR in normal BMI PCOS patients, which provided a theoretical basis for the exploration of pathogenic mechanisms in normal BMI PCOS patients.
Postmenopausal endometriosis.
Yoldemir T
Gynecol Endocrinol · 2024 Dec · PMID 39665406 · Publisher ↗
Abstract loading — click title to view on PubMed.
Hyperandrogenemia impairs endometrial vitamin D receptor expression in polycystic ovary syndrome.
D Gungor N, Celik O, Ulug U … +11 more , Celik N, Ersahin A, Gungor K, Yurci A, Yardim M, Kobaner M, Tektemur A, Kuloglu T, Ilkov Maslarski I, Celik S, Duran C
Gynecol Endocrinol · 2024 Dec · PMID 39656229 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: To determine the effects of hyperandrogenemia and other phenotypic parameters on endometrial vitamin D receptor (VDR-X2 and VDR-X4) expression in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) undergoing ovarian...
OBJECTIVES: To determine the effects of hyperandrogenemia and other phenotypic parameters on endometrial vitamin D receptor (VDR-X2 and VDR-X4) expression in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) undergoing ovarian stimulation and total embryo freezing. METHODS: Forty-four PCOS patients were divided into four phenotypes according to the criteria for hyperandrogenemia (HA), ovulatory dysfunction (OD), and polycystic ovary morphology (PCOM): phenotype A (HA+OD+PCOM), phenotype B (HA+OD), phenotype C (HA+PCOM), and phenotype D (OD+PCOM). Endometrial VDR expression was determined by real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. Twenty age- and body mass index (BMI)-matched couples with male infertility were included as controls. RESULTS: VDR-X2 and VDR-X4 expression levels were significantly lower in the PCOS group than in the control group. A significant downregulation was detected in the relative VDR-X2 and X4 expression in phenotypes A, B, and C compared to the control group. VDR-X2 and X4 expression in phenotype D was significantly higher than in phenotypes A and B. A significant negative correlation was detected among VDR-X2, VDR-X4, serum testosterone (T), androstenedione (A), DHEAS, and insulin resistance (IR). Multivariate analysis revealed that serum T, A, DHEAS, and IR levels were independently associated with both VDR-X2 and VDR X4 relative gene expression after adjusting for age and BMI. The VDR mRNA and immunoreactivity of each phenotype overlapped. The clinical pregnancy rates for each phenotype were similar. CONCLUSION: VDR expression in the endometria of patients with PCOS was defective. Hyperandrogenemia and insulin resistance are the key drivers of defective VDR expression in the endometrium of patients with PCOS.
Multicenter, prospective, single-arm clinical study to investigate the efficacy and safety of Zoladex (Goserelin acetate) 10.8 mg prior to surgery in Chinese premenopausal women with symptomatic uterine fibroids.
Liang Y, Yang R, Wei Y … +12 more , Huang B, Chen Y, Zhang X, Yao J, Wang G, Mao H, Shi H, Yang Q, Tang J, Ji M, Hua K, Yao S
Gynecol Endocrinol · 2024 Dec · PMID 39624028 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: To assess the effect and safety of Zoladex (Goserelin acetate) 10.8 mg in patients with uterine fibroids. METHODS: Fifty-three patients received Goserelin acetate 10.8 mg once and surgery was conducted at 12 ...
OBJECTIVES: To assess the effect and safety of Zoladex (Goserelin acetate) 10.8 mg in patients with uterine fibroids. METHODS: Fifty-three patients received Goserelin acetate 10.8 mg once and surgery was conducted at 12 weeks ± 7 days after drug injection. All assessments form baseline to week12/before surgery were carried out: fibroids volume, uterine volume, serum hormone (E2, FSH, LH), hemoglobin concentration, uterine arterial resistance index (UA-RI), fibroid arterial RI (FA-RI) and improvements of symptoms (Uterine Fibroid Symptom and Quality of Life (UFS-QOL) and Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQL) scores). Adverse events (AEs) were recorded to evaluate the safety. RESULTS: After 12 weeks of treatment, the volume of uterine fibroids was significantly smaller than before (249.19 ± 297.04 vs. 195.77 ± 418.27 cm3, < 0.0001). The volume of the uterus was also smaller than before (372.02 vs. 263.58 cm3, < 0.0001). Serum levels of E2, FSH, and LH showed significant decreasing trend (61.13 pmol/L, 5.23 IU/L and 4.75 IU/L respectively, < 0.0001) and hemoglobin levels were increased significantly (108.30 ± 26.28 VS. 134.90 ± 9.21g/L, < 0.0001). Left and right UA-RI showed slight increase of 0.04 and 0.02 respectively from baseline without significance. Mean FA-RI showed slight decrease of 0.03 from baseline ( = 0.22). Patient symptoms were alleviated after treatment. In addition, AEs occurred in 81.1% of enrolled patients and all AEs were well tolerably. CONCLUSIONS: Goserelin acetate 10.8 mg pretreatment can effectively reduce the volume of uterine fibroids and uterus, lower estrogen levels and improve anemia symptoms. It could also improve the quality of life of patients, showing good safety and tolerance. This pretreatment was effective, safe, and generally well tolerated.
Standardization for ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation in China.
Ruan X, Committee of Fertility Protection and Preservation of China Association for the Promotion of Health Science and Technology
Gynecol Endocrinol · 2024 Dec · PMID 39616622 · Publisher ↗
Ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation is one of the most advanced and promising fertility preservation methods. Prior to any procedure that may lead to a toxic ovarian injury (such as chemotherapy or radiot...
Ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation is one of the most advanced and promising fertility preservation methods. Prior to any procedure that may lead to a toxic ovarian injury (such as chemotherapy or radiotherapy), a portion of the ovary is removed and cryopreserved. At an appropriate time, after toxic therapy is concluded, the cryopreserved ovarian tissue is then thawed and transplanted back to the patient when conditions permit. This technique can not only preserve female fertility but also restore ovarian endocrine function. However, there is no standardization for ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation in China. In order to promote the standardized development of ovarian tissue cryopreservation technology in the whole country, it is urgent to establish the standard of this technology.
Additive interaction of pre-pregnancy BMI and assisted reproductive technology on the risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension.
Wu L, Chen F, Chen M … +2 more , Hu Y, Wang Y
Gynecol Endocrinol · 2024 Dec · PMID 39616621 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: To explore the combined effect of pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and assisted reproductive technology (ART) on the risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH). METHODS: This retrospective cohort study in...
OBJECTIVE: To explore the combined effect of pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and assisted reproductive technology (ART) on the risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH). METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 3,220,103 women with singleton pregnancies from the National Vital Statistics System database for 2021. The outcome was the occurrence of PIH. Logistic regression analyses were utilized to assess the association between pre-pregnancy BMI and ART and PIH. To evaluate the interaction of pre-pregnancy BMI and ART on PIH, the relative excess risk of interaction (RERI), the attributable proportion due to interaction (API), and synergy index (SI) were applied. RESULTS: Of these 3,220,103 women, 302,789 [9.40% (95%CI: 9.37%-9.43%)] occurred PIH. Women with a pre-pregnancy BMI ≥25 kg/m [odds ratio (OR)=2.06, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.04-2.08] or using ART (OR = 1.43, 95%CI: 1.39-1.47) were related to a higher risk of PIH. There was a positive additive interaction of pre-pregnancy BMI and ART on the risk of PIH, with an interaction RERI, API, and SI of 0.20 (95%CI: 0.08-0.33), 0.07 (95%CI: 0.03-0.11), and 1.13 (95%CI: 1.05-1.21), respectively. Stratified analyses demonstrated that the positive additive interactions of pre-pregnancy BMI and ART on PIH were observed in women aged <35 years or ≥35 years and in women with unipara or multipara, whereas only in White women. CONCLUSION: A positive additive interaction of pre-pregnancy BMI and ART on the risk of PIH was found, with an interaction of 7%.
Evaluation of Femoston and Dydrogesterone therapy for incomplete abortion: a retrospective cohort study.
Huang X, Gong B, Cai Y … +2 more , Wang W, An J
Gynecol Endocrinol · 2024 Dec · PMID 39611614 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: This study aimed to compare the efficacies of Femoston and Dydrogesterone therapy in patients with incomplete abortions. METHODS: Patients with incomplete abortions were included if they preferred medication ove...
PURPOSE: This study aimed to compare the efficacies of Femoston and Dydrogesterone therapy in patients with incomplete abortions. METHODS: Patients with incomplete abortions were included if they preferred medication over surgical intervention. The participants were categorized into three groups: the Femoston group received Femoston, the Dydrogesterone group was administered Dydrogesterone, and the control group was followed up without treatment. Basic clinical information, complete abortion success rate, and menstrual recovery rate were collected to evaluate the efficacy of Femoston and Dydrogesterone in patients with incomplete abortions. RESULTS: We analyzed 332 patients with incomplete abortions. The success rate of complete abortion was significantly higher in the Femoston group than in the control group (relative risk (RR)=1.708, 95% CI 1.304-2.237, = .001) and the Dydrogesterone group (RR = 1.200, 95% CI 1.015-1.418, = .023). The effectiveness of Dydrogesterone was also significantly higher than that in the control group (RR = 1.439, 95% CI 1.068-1.938, = .015). After 60 days, the rate of menstrual recovery in the Femoston group was significantly higher than that in the control group (RR =1.322, 95% CI 1.103-1.609, = .001), while the rate in the Dydrogesterone group was significantly lower than that in the Femoston group (RR =1.200, 95% CI 1.035-1.391, = .009). CONCLUSIONS: Femoston and Dydrogesterone were effective in treating incomplete abortions, with Femoston being more effective. Patients receiving Femoston had shorter menstrual recovery times than those receiving dydrogesterone. Therefore, Femoston and Dydrogesterone are potential treatment options for incomplete abortion, with Femoston being the more effective.
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