TheScientificWorldJournal[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Inhibitory Effect of Extract Against SARS-CoV-2 D614G Virus-Like Particle (VLP): Implications for COVID-19 Therapy Development.
Mushlih M, Bemova M, Marzouk HA … +11 more , Kusuma KH, Rohmah IN, Fitriana N, Prima A, Christina YI, Dwijayanti DR, Mustikaningtyas D, Widodo N, Djati MS, Widyarti S, Rifa'i M
ScientificWorldJournal · 2026 · PMID 41799855 · Full text
, a commonly used Indonesian medicinal plant, has been widely utilized in traditional remedies, yet its antiviral potential against SARS-CoV-2 remains poorly defined. The current study was aimed at investigating the effe...
, a commonly used Indonesian medicinal plant, has been widely utilized in traditional remedies, yet its antiviral potential against SARS-CoV-2 remains poorly defined. The current study was aimed at investigating the effect of ethanol extract on inhibiting viral entry through in silico and in vitro studies. The active compounds of were characterized using liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). The identified compounds were screened according to the Lipinski, Ghose, Veber, and Egan rules, and their antiviral activity was predicted using the PASS server. Molecular docking and dynamic simulations were employed to determine binding affinity and stability between the selected compounds and the SARS-CoV-2 Spike D614G protein. The virus-like particle (VLP) of SARS-CoV-2 G614D was produced in HEK-293T cells via cotransfection of plasmids encoding spike-EGFP, membrane, and envelope proteins, and its morphology was verified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The IC value of extract on 16HBE14o- cells was analyzed using the WST-1 method. 16HBE14o- cells were exposed to VLP and treated with at 2.5, 5, 10, 40, and 125 g/mL for 24 and 48 h. The EGFP intensity of VLP-internalized cells was assessed through fluorescent microscopy. Curcumin, curcumin II, piperine, (+)-ar-turmerone, and peruvinine showed the strongest binding affinities (-7.5 to -6.2 kcal/mol), while curcumin, curcumin II, and (+)-ar-turmerone exhibited the most stable binding interactions. TEM confirmed successful VLP formation with a mean diameter of 52.94 ± 27.32 nm, and the IC of the extract was 125 g/mL. Furthermore, extract at 2.5 g/mL significantly reduced VLP internalization after 24 h. These findings highlight as a promising natural candidate for SARS-CoV-2 inhibition, supported by consistent computational and experimental evidence.
Comparative Analysis of Generative AI Language Models in Orthodontics: Evidence-Based Insights Into Perplexity, iASK, and ChatGPT 4o Mini.
Bhamra S, Jathanna RV
ScientificWorldJournal · 2026 · PMID 41789391 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: This study is aimed at evaluating and comparing the scientific reliability of three large language models (LLMs), Perplexity, iASK, and ChatGPT 4o mini, based on their responses to orthodontic-related queries....
OBJECTIVE: This study is aimed at evaluating and comparing the scientific reliability of three large language models (LLMs), Perplexity, iASK, and ChatGPT 4o mini, based on their responses to orthodontic-related queries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The three LLMs were prompted with 10 clinical orthodontic questions, and their responses were assessed independently by two evaluators using a structured scoring system (0-10). Statistical analyses, including Pearson and Spearman correlations, Cronbach's alpha, and Wilcoxon signed-rank test, were performed to determine interevaluator reliability and model performance differences. RESULTS: Perplexity achieved the highest mean score (7.2), followed by iASK (5.4) and ChatGPT 4o mini (5.2). High consistency between evaluators was observed (Cronbachs alpha = 0.947). A significant difference was noted between Perplexity and both ChatGPT 4o mini and iASK ( = 0.002). Pearson and Spearman correlations indicated strong agreement between evaluators ( = 0.982, = 1.000). CONCLUSION: Perplexity demonstrated superior performance in orthodontic-related queries compared to ChatGPT 4o mini and iASK. The findings highlight the importance of evaluating AI models for clinical applicability and reliability.
Analysis of Radon-222 in Surface and Groundwater Sources in Kajiado County, Kenya.
Onyoni CK, Otieno C, Kebwaro JM
ScientificWorldJournal · 2026 · PMID 41789390 · Full text
This study entailed measurement of the concentration of Rn in surface and subsurface water sources from Kajiado Municipality in Kenya. Kajiado County receives minimal rainfall and is not well covered by the municipal tre...
This study entailed measurement of the concentration of Rn in surface and subsurface water sources from Kajiado Municipality in Kenya. Kajiado County receives minimal rainfall and is not well covered by the municipal treated water network. The residents of the area mainly rely on subsurface water sources for their domestic consumption. Twenty-seven surface and groundwater samples were collected, and Rn concentrations were measured using a RAD7 alpha detector. It was observed that the radon activity in groundwater ranged from 0.62 to 13 mBq/L while the radon activity in surface water ranged between 0.06 and 1.53 mBq/L. The mean values obtained were 6.01 ± 1 mBq/L for the groundwater and 0.45 ± 0.11 mBq/L for the surface water. These values are within the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) standard limit of 148 mBq/L and the World Health Organization (WHO) global average of 100 mBq/L. The water is generally safe for domestic consumption.
Biocontrol Potential of Selected Lamiaceae Species Against (Smith) Causing Wilting in Hot Pepper in Ethiopia.
Dessie Y, Mullualem D, Atnkut B … +4 more , Tsega A, Kumera B, Liyew M, Awoke A
ScientificWorldJournal · 2026 · PMID 41789389 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Hot pepper ( L.) is a significant crop worldwide, including in Ethiopia, but its yield is radically dropping owing to several biotic factors such as bacterial wilting, necessitating the development of environ...
BACKGROUND: Hot pepper ( L.) is a significant crop worldwide, including in Ethiopia, but its yield is radically dropping owing to several biotic factors such as bacterial wilting, necessitating the development of environmentally benign plant-based natural treatments to address these challenges. Therefore, this study seeks to evaluate the biocontrol potential of selected Lamiaceae species against in hot pepper cultivation. METHODS: Ethanolic leaf extracts from six plant species were prepared using the maceration technique and characterized through qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analyses. was isolated from infected hot peppers and identified using biochemical tests. The antibacterial activity of plant crude extracts was assessed in vitro against using the agar well diffusion assay. The broth microdilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC). The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). RESULTS: All of the examined plants' ethanol extracts contain alkaloids, phenolics, and terpenoids. had the highest total phenolic content (184.5 ± 0.5 mg GAE/g dry sample), whereas had the highest total flavonoid content (144.3 ± 0.3 mg CE/g). Plant extracts revealed a dose-dependent gradual increase in the inhibitory zone. extract had the highest antibacterial activity (18.33 ± 0.57), followed by (16 ± 1) at 50 mg/mL. The zone of inhibition differed significantly among the analyzed plant extracts ( < 0.05). had a lower MIC (6.25 mg/mL) and MBC (12.5 mg/mL). CONCLUSION: The Lamiaceae family holds significant potential as a biocontrol agent against , as antibacterial compounds were found in the extract. Future research should focus on validating and extracts through in vivo field trials to develop sustainable, plant-based biopesticides for Ethiopian pepper farmers.
Pharmacological and Computational Insights Into the Analgesic, Antipyretic, and Antidiarrheal Potential of Acetone Extract.
Mamun MJI, Alim MA, Tamim ST … +6 more , Hossen MI, Das SC, Maharaj TA, Debnath D, Akter S, Hossen SMM
ScientificWorldJournal · 2026 · PMID 41789388 · Full text
(Lam.), a member of the Euphorbiaceae Juss family, is a little tree or shrub that has long been used in folk medicine to cure ailments like fever, wound healing, and postpartum recuperation. In this study, Swiss albino m...
(Lam.), a member of the Euphorbiaceae Juss family, is a little tree or shrub that has long been used in folk medicine to cure ailments like fever, wound healing, and postpartum recuperation. In this study, Swiss albino mice were used to evaluate the analgesic, antipyretic, and antidiarrheal properties of the acetone extract of (AMP). Standard screening techniques were used to identify the phytochemical ingredients. Three models were used to evaluate analgesic activity: the tail immersion test, formalin-induced paw licking, and acetic acid-induced writhing. Antipyretic activity was assessed using a fever model induced by brewer's yeast. At the same time, antidiarrheal effects were evaluated by castor oil-induced diarrhea, and gastrointestinal motility was studied using a charcoal meal marker. Furthermore, in silico analyses-such as molecular docking, ADME profiling, toxicity prediction, and PASS analysis-were conducted using online tools. The results indicated that AMP at a lower dose (200 mg/kg) produced significant analgesic effects across all pain models compared with the control group. In the antipyretic evaluation, AMP administered at 400 mg/kg illustrated the most pronounced reduction in body temperature after 4 h, which was statistically significant ( < 0.01). The same higher dose (400 mg/kg) also significantly reduced diarrheal episodes and slowed gastrointestinal motility in both the castor oil-induced diarrhea and charcoal meal transit tests. Molecular docking analysis further corroborated these pharmacological effects, revealing that AMP compounds exhibited strong binding affinity toward key target receptors associated with pain, inflammation, and gastrointestinal activity. Collectively, these results indicate that AMP has promising potential as a natural multitarget therapeutic agent for the treatment of pain, fever, and diarrhea.
Phytochemical Composition and Therapeutic Potential of : A Narrative Review.
Easha TM, Jyoti FH, Afrin F … +1 more , Nasrin M
ScientificWorldJournal · 2026 · PMID 41778194 · Full text
subsp. , an aquatic plant with an extended tradition of use in conventional healthcare, has received growing recognition for its variety of bioactive compounds. Numerous components, notably flavonoids, phenolics, tannins...
subsp. , an aquatic plant with an extended tradition of use in conventional healthcare, has received growing recognition for its variety of bioactive compounds. Numerous components, notably flavonoids, phenolics, tannins, alkaloids, and terpenoids, have been shown through phytochemical analyses to be responsible for the plant's pharmacological effects. These compounds are known to have actions such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antidiabetic properties, and anticancer effects. Initial phytochemical and pharmacological screenings have indicated therapeutic potential in addressing cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and microbial infections; however, the current data are still incomplete. A comprehensive chemical characterization and an extensive assessment of its pharmacological effects are essential for enhancing our comprehension of its curative properties. Whereas in vitro and in vivo findings are promising, further investigation into clinical relevance and safety profiles is necessary to confirm . as a potential therapeutic agent.
Enhancement of Memory and Synaptic Plasticity by Seed Extract: Upregulation of pSer831-GluA1 Trafficking and Arc/PSD-95 Expression in the Hippocampus of Male Rats.
Thongon N, Phattanakiatsakul T, Chamniansawat S
ScientificWorldJournal · 2026 · PMID 41767218 · Full text
(CP) is a traditional medicinal plant widely used in Ayurveda and Southeast Asian medicine for enhancing memory and treating cognitive dysfunction. Although CP has been reported to exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory,...
(CP) is a traditional medicinal plant widely used in Ayurveda and Southeast Asian medicine for enhancing memory and treating cognitive dysfunction. Although CP has been reported to exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects, its direct impact on activity-dependent synaptic plasticity remains insufficiently characterized. This study is aimed at investigating the effects of CP seed extract on memory performance and synaptic plasticity in a rat model, with a particular focus on AMPA receptor modulation and associated synaptic proteins. Five-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to five groups: control, CP (80 mg/kg), donepezil (1.5 mg/kg), scopolamine (1 mg/kg), and scopolamine followed by CP. Treatments were administered daily for 14 days. Spatial memory performance was assessed using the Morris water maze. Following behavioral testing, hippocampal tissue was collected for immunohistochemical analysis of Arc protein and Western blotting of pSer831-GluA1, Arc, and PSD-95. CP-treated rats exhibited significantly reduced escape latency and increased time in the target quadrant, with outcomes comparable to those of donepezil-treated rats. In scopolamine-pretreated rats, CP administration reversed memory deficits by enhancing platform crossings and reducing escape latency. Molecular analysis revealed that CP significantly upregulated hippocampal expression of pSer831-GluA1, Arc, and PSD-95, indicating enhanced AMPA receptor trafficking and synaptic integrity. CP seed extract enhances spatial memory and synaptic plasticity by modulating critical molecular components of the glutamatergic synapse. These findings suggest that CP may support memory performance in both baseline conditions and in animals with scopolamine-induced deficits.
Smart Packaging 4.0: A Bibliometric Analysis of Sensor Integration, Food Safety, and Sustainability in Food Packaging Systems.
Djafar MJ, Elmatsani HM, Munarso SJ … +7 more , Firdaus J, Trihadi SEY, Purwanta W, Sadikin BS, Sahlan S, Nasruddin N, Lanjar L
ScientificWorldJournal · 2026 · PMID 41767217 · Full text
The integration of advanced sensors and digital technologies into food packaging systems has catalyzed the emergence of Smart Packaging 4.0, transitioning the package from a passive barrier into an intelligent cyber-phys...
The integration of advanced sensors and digital technologies into food packaging systems has catalyzed the emergence of Smart Packaging 4.0, transitioning the package from a passive barrier into an intelligent cyber-physical interface for real-time monitoring and traceability. This study employs a systematic bibliometric analysis to map the intellectual structure of the field using bibliographic data retrieved from Scopus and Web of Science, analyzing a refined dataset of 253 unique documents published between 2015 and 2024 that exhibit a robust annual publication growth rate of 30.31%. Co-occurrence and network clustering analyses reveal three dominant research themes: (i) physicochemical sensing (pH sensors and colorimetry) for real-time spoilage detection; (ii) active and bioactive materials (anthocyanins and chitosan) for functional food protection; and (iii) digital supply chain integration (RFID and IoT) for enhanced traceability and logistics. The technological evolution is characterized by a strategic shift from the foundations of modified atmosphere packaging in Phase I (2017-2019) and biodegradable sensor-embedded materials in Phase II (2020-2022) to the current peak of innovation in Phase III (2023-2024), which defines Smart Packaging 4.0 through the convergence of AI, blockchain, and predictive analytics for secure and autonomous food management. Despite these advancements, critical barriers to large-scale commercialization persist, notably nanomaterial safety concerns regarding the migration of ZnO and TiO into food, prohibitive sensor costs, and regulatory fragmentation between the European Union's positive-list approach and the United States' exposure-based model. This study provides a strategic decision-support framework that aligns technological innovation with global sustainability mandates, offering actionable insights to guide the development of next-generation intelligent, eco-efficient food packaging ecosystems.
Bioactivity and Regenerative Potential of Cannabidiol in Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells: A Scoping Review of In Vitro Studies.
Guimarães LG, de Sousa WV, de Andrade Silva S … +5 more , Velozo C, Lyra CVV, Rangel LS, Pereira MAL, Albuquerque D
ScientificWorldJournal · 2026 · PMID 41767216 · Full text
INTRODUCTION: Cannabidiol (CBD), a nonpsychoactive compound derived from , has shown potential to influence cellular processes that are important for dental tissue repair. The aim of this scoping review was to map in vit...
INTRODUCTION: Cannabidiol (CBD), a nonpsychoactive compound derived from , has shown potential to influence cellular processes that are important for dental tissue repair. The aim of this scoping review was to map in vitro studies evaluating the influence of CBD on the osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) in order to contribute to a better understanding of its therapeutic potential. METHODS: The review followed the Arksey and O'Malley framework, supported by the JBI Manual and PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The protocol was registered on OSF (osf.io/zfhca/). Comprehensive searches were conducted from January to June 2025 in PubMed, EMBASE, BVS, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and SciELO. Only studies published in English were included. RESULTS: Thirty articles were identified, and three in vitro studies met the eligibility criteria. At low concentrations (0.1-5 M), CBD improved hDPSC viability, proliferation, migration, and differentiation. CBD also activated the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and wingless-related integration site/beta-catenin signaling (WNT/-catenin) pathways and increased the expression of odontogenic markers such as Sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), Runt-related transcription Factor 2 (RUNX2), and osteocalcin. CONCLUSION: CBD shows promise as a bioactive molecule in regenerative endodontics, supporting mineralization, regulating inflammatory mediators, and promoting critical cellular activities in hDPSCs. Nevertheless, the available evidence is limited and further preclinical and clinical studies are essential to develop therapeutic protocols and assess long-term safety. These preliminary findings indicate CBD as a novel candidate for regenerative strategies in endodontics.
Prevalence of Different Etiologies of Excessive Gingival Display: Identifying Diagnostic Patterns.
Amro LA, Abdalwahab MM, Zazou N … +1 more , Amr AEH
ScientificWorldJournal · 2026 · PMID 41767215 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: This study is aimed at evaluating the prevalence of etiologies of excessive gingival display (EGD) in Egyptian females including gingival enlargement (GE), altered passive eruption (APE), incisor over-eruptio...
OBJECTIVES: This study is aimed at evaluating the prevalence of etiologies of excessive gingival display (EGD) in Egyptian females including gingival enlargement (GE), altered passive eruption (APE), incisor over-eruption (IO), protrusion (P), vertical maxillary excess (VME), short upper lip (SUL), and hyperactive upper lip (HUL) and to identify clinical diagnostic patterns. METHODS: A total of 160 participants showing EGD > 2 mm were recruited. Clinical photos, videos, and measurements of facial proportions, upper lip length, upper lip mobility, incisor display upon rest, clinical crown dimensions, occlusal plane discrepancies, probing depth, transgingival probing, and keratinized gingiva were recorded and analyzed. RESULTS: Mean age was (27.62 ± 6.21) years. Overall prevalence of EGD 13.3% among them 55.8% EGD caused by single etiology, 44.3% EGD caused by multiple etiologies. 29.4% APE, 16.3% SUL + APE, 10% VME + APE, 8.8% VME, 6.3% HUL, 5% Incisor over-eruption, 3.8% GE, 3.8% SUL + GE, 3.1% VME + HUL, 2.5% SUL, 2.5% APE + HUL, 1.3% VME + GE, and 1.3% …. CONCLUSIONS: APE both alone and combined with another etiology is the most prevalent cause of EGD and the most common diagnostic pattern is APE + SUL among Egyptian females. Single-factor and multifactorial EGD showed no significant difference in prevalence ( = 0.115), suggesting a similar likelihood of occurrence. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This study aimed to provide the clinician with a step-by-step guide for EGD comprehensive diagnosis, highlight the differences in prevalent etiologies between different populations and identify diagnostic patterns.
Environmental Impacts, Land-Use Trade-Offs, and Sustainable Management Pathways of Plantation Expansion in Ethiopia.
Gelaye Y, Getachew K
ScientificWorldJournal · 2026 · PMID 41755992 · Full text
PURPOSE: plantations have increasingly transformed the Ethiopian landscape due to their high economic returns from timber, fuelwood, and household income generation. Their rapid expansion has become particularly promine...
PURPOSE: plantations have increasingly transformed the Ethiopian landscape due to their high economic returns from timber, fuelwood, and household income generation. Their rapid expansion has become particularly prominent in smallholder farming systems and periurban areas. Despite these socioeconomic benefits, plantations have raised serious environmental concerns, especially in water-scarce and biodiversity-rich regions. A comprehensive evaluation of their environmental trade-offs is therefore essential to support evidence-based and sustainable land-use planning. METHOD: This review synthesizes findings from peer-reviewed literature and empirical studies on cultivation in Ethiopia. The analysis focuses on documented impacts on water resources, soil properties, biodiversity, and ecosystem functioning while also assessing reported mitigation practices. RESULTS: The review reveals that plantations exhibit high water consumption, often exacerbating local water scarcity and competing with adjacent agricultural crops. Soil nutrient depletion, increased erosion, and reduced understory vegetation are frequently reported, alongside declines in native plant and faunal diversity. Allelopathic effects further limit the regeneration of indigenous species. DISCUSSION: Although environmental drawbacks are evident, plantations contribute to carbon sequestration, fuelwood supply, and rural livelihoods. These benefits indicate the need for improved management rather than complete exclusion of from farming landscapes. CONCLUSION: Sustainable management approaches, particularly agroforestry and mixed-species systems, can reduce negative impacts while maintaining socioeconomic benefits. Integrating with indigenous and multipurpose species such as , , and is recommended to enhance soil fertility, maintain biodiversity, and promote ecosystem resilience.
Phytochemistry, Antimicrobial, Analgesic, Antibiofilm, Diuretic Activities, and Acute Toxicity of Bark Extracts From Three Plants (Khaya senegalensis, Ocimum americanum, and Cassytha filiformis) Collected in Benin.
Assouma FF, Tchogou AP, Vodounon CA … +10 more , Roko G, Sangaré MM, Dah-Nouvlessounon D, Bello B, Boya B, Karimou R, Konmy B, Adjanohoun A, Baba-Moussa L, Sina H
ScientificWorldJournal · 2026 · PMID 41743325 · Full text
In Beninese traditional medicine, , , and are commonly used to treat urinary tract infections (UTIs). This study aimed to evaluate their phytochemical composition, antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activities, analgesic an...
In Beninese traditional medicine, , , and are commonly used to treat urinary tract infections (UTIs). This study aimed to evaluate their phytochemical composition, antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activities, analgesic and diuretic effects, and acute toxicity. Qualitative phytochemical screening was performed using staining and precipitation methods. Plant materials were extracted with 70% ethanol, yielding a hydroethanolic extract. Antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant uropathogenic strains was assessed using disk diffusion and broth microdilution assays. Anti-biofilm effects were evaluated with a colorimetric method. Analgesic and diuretic activities were tested in vivo in Wistar rats. Acute toxicity of hydroethanolic extracts was assessed over 14 days following OECD guidelines. Phytochemical analysis revealed alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, saponosides, tannins, reducing compounds, and mucilage in various plant parts. All extracts exhibited antibacterial activity against Staphylococci and uropathogenic Enterobacteria, with inhibition zones of 13.8-21.2 mm and MICs of 3.5-9 mg/mL. Both aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts reduced bacterial biofilm formation to varying degrees. At 200 mg/kg, the hydroethanolic extracts significantly reduced acetic acid-induced pain. and exhibited diuretic activity comparable to furosemide. No toxic effects were observed at 2000 mg/kg. The antimicrobial, anti-biofilm, analgesic, and diuretic properties of these plants support their use in managing UTIs. Their favorable acute toxicity profile further highlights their therapeutic potential and supports the development of improved traditional medicines.
Humeral Septal Aperture in Ancient Tombos Nubians.
Love J, Morris AJ, Althaus HJ … +4 more , Darden FK, Buzon MR, Kuhn JE, Loder RT
ScientificWorldJournal · 2026 · PMID 41725988 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: The majority of the published literature regarding the septal aperture (SA) dates to the last 200 years. The archeological literature is sparse. The collection from Tombos along the Nile River (1400-656 BCE) p...
OBJECTIVE: The majority of the published literature regarding the septal aperture (SA) dates to the last 200 years. The archeological literature is sparse. The collection from Tombos along the Nile River (1400-656 BCE) provides an opportunity for further study of SA in ancient populations. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and shape of SA in the population as well as the size of the humerus and correlate that with and without SA in the Tombos population. METHODS: Adult humerus specimens from the Tombos skeletal population with intact distal humeri were studied using both photography and caliper measurements. The caliper and photographic methods gave equal results. RESULTS: There were 164 distal humeri; an SA was present in 40.9%. There were no differences by sex, age group, or laterality. Of the 34 individuals with bilateral intact paired humeri, 47% had SAs. The involvement was bilateral in 13, left in 2, and right in 1. The shapes of the apertures were oval/elliptical in 73%, irregular in 15%, and circular in 12%. Those humeri with an SA had smaller epicondylar breadths, vertical humeral head diameters, humeral shaft diameters, condylar articular width, and trochlear articular width. There were no differences in the coronoid or olecranon fossa width/height. The 41% prevalence of SA in the Tombos population is similar to the 45%-60% in other African archeological studies but higher than the 20%-37% in prehistoric Native Americans. Smaller humeri had a higher prevalence of SA similar to several modern-day studies. CONCLUSIONS: The etiology of SA is not definitively known, with mechanical, structural, and genetic etiologies postulated. A high prevalence of bilaterality is supportive of a genetic etiology; our 81% prevalence of bilaterality suggests a strong genetic component in the etiology of SA in this particular population.
Ethrel-Induced Enhancement of Sugar Accumulation and Postharvest Quality in Early-Harvested Cantaloupe Melons.
Wardani NPZK, Suketi K, Arif AB
ScientificWorldJournal · 2026 · PMID 41625515 · Full text
Melon (. var. Cantaloupe) is classified as a climacteric fruit, which means its quality deteriorates quickly after harvest. Early-harvested melons often exhibit inferior color quality and lower sugar content but have a l...
Melon (. var. Cantaloupe) is classified as a climacteric fruit, which means its quality deteriorates quickly after harvest. Early-harvested melons often exhibit inferior color quality and lower sugar content but have a longer shelf life than those harvested later. This study aims to improve the postharvest quality of early-harvested cantaloupe melons by evaluating the effect of Ethrel treatment on their sweetness and overall quality throughout the storage period. The melons were immersed in an Ethrel solution at 0 (control), 25, 50, and 100 ppm concentrations. After treatment, the melons were air-dried and stored in a controlled environment at 28C ± 1C with 80 ± 5 relative humidity for 21 days. The results indicated that treating the melons with Ethrel at a concentration of 25 ppm significantly enhanced their quality and shelf life. This concentration increased sweetness levels and sugar content (sucrose), which measured 2% higher than the other treatments after 7 days of storage. Additionally, the 25 ppm Ethrel treatment improved the melons' color to a vibrant orange and helped retain their hardness, titratable acidity, and vitamin C content. Furthermore, this treatment resulted in minimal fruit damage and extended the melons' shelf life for up to 21 days during storage. In conclusion, Ethrel at a concentration of 25 ppm is considered the optimal treatment for improving sugar content and maintaining the quality of early-harvested cantaloupe melons.
Investigating the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice of Family Caregivers in Post-Hip Fracture Surgery Care: A Descriptive-Analytical Study.
Fakharian E, Sehat M, Jahangirimehr A … +8 more , Fazel MR, Mahdian M, Kalanfarmanfarma K, AkbarzadehArab A, Abedzadeh-Kalahroudi M, Vaeidi M, Yarmohammadi S, Sarbandi F
ScientificWorldJournal · 2026 · PMID 41613250 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Hip surgery is a critical medical procedure that necessitates specialized postoperative care. The knowledge, attitudes, and practice of family caregivers are pivotal in ensuring patient recovery and minimizin...
BACKGROUND: Hip surgery is a critical medical procedure that necessitates specialized postoperative care. The knowledge, attitudes, and practice of family caregivers are pivotal in ensuring patient recovery and minimizing complications. This study is aimed at exploring these three key aspects among caregivers. METHODS: This descriptive-analytical study included 215 family caregivers selected through convenience sampling from Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Kashan. The data collection tool was a researcher-developed questionnaire consisting of four sections: demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, and practice (KAP). Data analysis was performed using SPSS Version 26, employing descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation, independent -test, ANOVA, and linear regression). RESULTS: Among the caregivers, 69.8% were female and 30.2% were male, with the majority (41.9%) aged between 42 and 51 years, and 33.5% holding a diploma. The mean attitude score (84.82 ± 5.22) was higher than both the practice score (78.65 ± 5.14) and the knowledge score (74.68 ± 6.29). The strongest and most direct correlation was found between practice and knowledge ( < 0.001, = 0.422). The variables of knowledge, Iranian nationality, and caregiving history had the most significant impact on improving caregiving behavior, collectively accounting for 31% of the behavioral changes ( = 0.312). CONCLUSION: Enhancing caregiver knowledge, along with factors such as Iranian nationality and caregiving history, plays a crucial role in improving patient care behavior. It is recommended to develop targeted training programs for inexperienced and non-Iranian caregivers to enhance the quality of care provided.
Morphological Characterization of Merino Sheep in Different Agro-Ecological Zones of Lesotho.
George M, Moiloa MJ, Odenya OW … +3 more , Matebesi-Ranthimo P, Molapo S, Khatite M
ScientificWorldJournal · 2026 · PMID 41608387 · Full text
The Lesotho Merino sheep is a native Merino strain formed from the indigenous fat-tailed sheep through crossbreeding over many generations. This study is aimed at phenotypically characterizing Merino sheep locally bred i...
The Lesotho Merino sheep is a native Merino strain formed from the indigenous fat-tailed sheep through crossbreeding over many generations. This study is aimed at phenotypically characterizing Merino sheep locally bred in four agro-ecological zones of Lesotho, facilitating easy selection based on morphological traits. Body weight (BW), body length (BL), withers height (WH), rump height (RH), chest girth (CG), rump length (RL) and rump width (RW) were measured in 2515 mature shorn Merino ewes from four agro-ecological zones: mountains ( = 1554), the Senqu River Valley ( = 350), lowlands ( = 395) and foothills ( = 216). A multivariate discriminant analysis procedure identified and quantified the traits that differentiate the Merino sheep across these agro-ecological zones. The structure matrix indicated that RL had the highest loading (0.82) in Function 1, whereas WH (0.6) and head width (0.36) exhibited the highest loadings in Functions 2 and 3, respectively. The standardized canonical discriminant coefficients showed that RL (1.02) and RW (0.60) were the highest in Function 1, whereas CG (0.65) and RH (0.41) were in Function 2, and WH (1.61) and RW (0.41) were in Function 3. The Mahalanobis distance was highest between the lowlands and the Senqu River Valley (3.46) and lowest between the mountains and foothills (0.61). Principal component analysis (PCA) extracted three components per agro-ecological zone. Morphological traits differentiate Merino sheep across the agro-ecological zones, suggesting the presence of two strains: one suited for the mountains, the Senqu River Valley, and foothills and another suited for the lowlands.
Ultrasound-Based Knee Osteoarthritis Severity Assessment and Its Association With Kellgren-Lawrence Grading.
Pane RV, Handayani, Aisyah … +3 more , Hisamud-Din N, Al Hajiri AZZ, Rahman AN
ScientificWorldJournal · 2026 · PMID 41583551 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grading is a conventional radiography (CR)-based system commonly used to assess osteoarthritis (OA). Knee OA is characterized by damage to the femoral cartilage (FC); however, CR cannot...
BACKGROUND: Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grading is a conventional radiography (CR)-based system commonly used to assess osteoarthritis (OA). Knee OA is characterized by damage to the femoral cartilage (FC); however, CR cannot directly visualize cartilage integrity. Ultrasound (US) may be superior in detecting FC damage. This study is aimed at evaluating the US-based knee OA severity assessment and analyze its association with KL grading. METHODS: This was an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design which included knee OA patients. All participants underwent knee US scanning by two independent raters. The severity of knee OA was assessed based on three parameters: the contour of the femoral cartilage, the presence of osteophytes, and meniscus protrusion. The results were accumulated and interpreted into grades from 0 to 4. Association between US-based knee OA assessment and KL grading was analyzed statistically. RESULTS: A total of 112 knee OA patients were included in this study. The average age of participants was 61.4 years, with a higher female prevalence. Grade 3 was the most frequently recorded in both US and KL grades. The US interpretation from both raters showed a perfect agreement based on weighted kappa analysis ( = 1.00). A chi-square test showed a significant association between the US and KL grade ( < 0.001), with a very strong association based on the Cramér's test of 0.742 (95% CI: 0.599-0.824). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the US-based knee OA severity assessment and was associated with KL grade.
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Cyberchondria: A Scoping Review.
Miezah D, Adzakpa R, Bani EMA … +1 more , Obeng P
ScientificWorldJournal · 2026 · PMID 41583550 · Full text
Cyberchondria, defined as heightened health anxiety and distress arising from excessive online searches about medical symptoms or risks, is an emerging mental health concern in the digital era. However, less synthesized...
Cyberchondria, defined as heightened health anxiety and distress arising from excessive online searches about medical symptoms or risks, is an emerging mental health concern in the digital era. However, less synthesized evidence exists on its prevalence, associated factors, and their impact on health. This scoping review synthesized evidence on its prevalence, associated factors, and impacts. Following Arksey and O'Malley's framework, four databases (PubMed, Scopus, JSTOR, Dimensions), alongside Google Scholar and reference lists, were systematically searched. A total of 42 studies were included. Prevalence estimates ranged from 30.7% to 55.6%, with consistent links to health anxiety, internet addiction, and anxiety sensitivity. Demographic variations were observed by age, gender, and occupation. Significant predictors included health anxiety, depression, stress, and maladaptive metacognitive beliefs. Reported consequences included self-diagnosis, self-medication, and reliance on safety behaviors highlighting risks for inappropriate healthcare use and adverse mental health outcomes. Addressing these findings requires targeted interventions that promote digital health literacy, responsible online health information-seeking, and early identification of individuals at risk of excessive health-related internet use. Future longitudinal and cross-cultural research should build on these correlates and predictors to clarify causal pathways and inform evidence-based prevention and treatment strategies.
Micro-CT Evaluation of Dentin Preservation by ProTaper Gold and VDW.Rotate in Oval Mandibular Incisors.
de Sousa WV, da Cunha Isaltino M, Velozo C … +5 more , de Andrade Silva S, de Almeida Souto Montenegro L, Dantas HV, de Sousa FB, Albuquerque D
ScientificWorldJournal · 2026 · PMID 41583549 · Full text
INTRODUCTION: The success of endodontic treatment depends on the effective chemomechanical preparation of the root canal system, ensuring proper shaping, cleaning, and disinfection. Additionally, preserving pericervical...
INTRODUCTION: The success of endodontic treatment depends on the effective chemomechanical preparation of the root canal system, ensuring proper shaping, cleaning, and disinfection. Additionally, preserving pericervical dentin may improve the long-term prognosis of the tooth. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of two nickel-titanium rotary systems, ProTaper Gold (PTG) (Dentsply Sirona, Ballaigues, Switzerland) and VDW.Rotate (VDWR) (VDW GmbH, Munich, Germany), in preparing mandibular incisors, focusing on pericervical dentin preservation. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A total of 20 mandibular incisors with oval-shaped root canals (Vertucci Type I) were selected, disinfected, and scanned by micro-CT. After randomization, the PTG and VDWR systems were used for canal preparation ( = 10). Preoperative and postoperative images were processed to measure volume, surface area, structure model index, and untouched walls. Irrigation with 2.5% NaOCl and 17% EDTA was standardized. Data were analyzed using the Student -test, Welch -test, or Mann-Whitney test, with = 5. RESULTS: Both systems exerted similar effects on proximal wall diameter reduction. The PTG system promoted significantly greater increases in volume (PTG: 5.50%; VDWR: 3.57%) and surface area (PTG: 34.79%; VDWR: 26.93%) compared with that of VDWR ( < 0.05). The percentage of unprepared areas was (PTG: 1.57%; VDWR: 2.33%). CONCLUSION: VDWR was associated with reduced dentin removal versus PTG in vitro, but clinical superiority still needs to be proven.
Hemoglobin Phenotype Distribution Among Future Healthcare Providers: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study at a Ghanaian Health Sciences University.
Duneeh RV, Ama DSY, Klugah MA … +4 more , Allotey E, Akorsu EE, Kwadzokpui PK, Ablordey K
ScientificWorldJournal · 2026 · PMID 41568257 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Abnormal hemoglobin phenotypes are prevalent genetic alterations in Ghana. Testing medical laboratory science students for these variants provides personal health information while enhancing their professiona...
BACKGROUND: Abnormal hemoglobin phenotypes are prevalent genetic alterations in Ghana. Testing medical laboratory science students for these variants provides personal health information while enhancing their professional education as future healthcare providers. Thus, this study explored the hemoglobin phenotypes of medical laboratory science students at the University of Health and Allied Sciences (UHAS), Ho, Ghana. METHODS: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among medical laboratory science students at the UHAS from July 2024 to August 2024. A data collection sheet was used to collate the sociodemographic characteristics such as ethnicity, town or place of origin, age, and gender of the participants. Venous blood samples of the study participants were drawn into ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) anticoagulated tubes. Hemoglobin variants of the samples were determined using the sickling test and alkaline hemoglobin electrophoresis method. Data was entered into a Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet and cleaned, then exported to IBM-SPSS Version 27.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Illinois, United States) for statistical analysis. A value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Hemoglobin A was the most common phenotype, comprising 80.6% of the study population, followed by hemoglobin AS (10.9%) and hemoglobin AC (7.5%). No significant association was observed between hemoglobin phenotypes and participants' regional origin, age, and sex. CONCLUSION: Hemoglobin A was the most prevalent phenotype among participants, with no significant links to age, sex, or region. The findings offer valuable baseline data and emphasize the need for future research exploring genetic, behavioral, and environmental factors shaping variant patterns.
About
- Frequency
- Sun
- Papers found
- 200
- RSS feed
- Subscribe