The Journal Of Obstetrics And Gynaecology Research[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Psychosocial Burden of Women With Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia in Japan: Results of A Web-Based Survey.
Sato K, Oshima N, Onuki M … +2 more , Matsumoto K, Okuyama K
J Obstet Gynaecol Res · 2026 Apr · PMID 41913316 · Full text
AIM: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection carries a high risk of developing cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cancer in women. For women with CIN, follow-up examinations and treatment are necessary and pose a...
AIM: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection carries a high risk of developing cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cancer in women. For women with CIN, follow-up examinations and treatment are necessary and pose a psychosocial burden. This study investigated the psychosocial burden among women with CIN in Japan. METHODS: This observational, cross-sectional, online survey enrolled women aged 20-49 years in Japan who used a mobile health app (Kencom) linked to an employment-based health insurance association database. Participants completed a screening questionnaire on cervical screening history and CIN status. Eligible women then completed the HPV Impact Profile (HIP) to assess their psychosocial burden. CIN status was confirmed using diagnostic codes recorded in the Kencom database. RESULTS: A total of 404 women were eligible for the study, comprising 121 with confirmed CIN and 283 without CIN. The baseline characteristics were similar, although women with CIN were slightly younger (39.8 vs. 41.5 years) and less likely to be married (55.4% vs. 70.0%). Women with CIN had significantly higher total HIP scores, indicating greater burden than those without CIN (42.2 vs. 24.5; p < 0.001). The burden was evident in women with CIN grade 1 (p < 0.001) and more pronounced in younger women (trend for age groups; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first to report a significant psychosocial burden of CIN in Japan, irrespective of CIN severity, with a greater impact in younger women. This psychosocial burden can be alleviated by HPV vaccination with evidence of preventing CIN.
Clinical Characteristics and Management of Ovarian Endometrioma Complicated by Infertility Treatment-Induced Tubo-Ovarian Abscess: A Retrospective Study.
Okada Y, Kitade M, Yanagihara Y … +7 more , Takeuchi S, Kobayashi M, Ochiai A, Kawasaki Y, Murakami K, Kawamura K, Itakura A
J Obstet Gynaecol Res · 2026 Apr · PMID 41905746 · Publisher ↗
AIM: To evaluate the incidence of tubo-ovarian abscess (TOA) in patients with ovarian endometrioma (OE) undergoing infertility treatment and to describe treatment approaches and clinical outcomes, including transvaginal...
AIM: To evaluate the incidence of tubo-ovarian abscess (TOA) in patients with ovarian endometrioma (OE) undergoing infertility treatment and to describe treatment approaches and clinical outcomes, including transvaginal ultrasound-guided drainage. METHODS: This retrospective study included 17 patients with OE-associated infertility who developed infertility treatment-related TOA and were treated at our hospital between January 2011 and December 2022. Patient characteristics, diagnostic findings, the incidence of TOA associated with assisted reproductive technology in patients with and without OE, treatment approaches, and clinical outcomes were analyzed. RESULTS: The incidence of TOA was higher in patients with OE than in those without OE following oocyte retrieval (1.07% vs. 0.03%, p = 0.0001) and frozen-thawed embryo transfer (1.09% vs. 0.00%, p = 0.0055). Transvaginal ultrasound-guided drainage was performed in 14 patients, with a success rate of 78.6% (11/14), a relapse rate of 18.2% (2/11), and no procedure-related complications. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with OE are at increased risk of developing TOA during infertility treatment. Transvaginal ultrasound-guided abscess drainage is a safe and minimally invasive method for infection control and may help avoid emergency surgery during the acute phase as part of a multidisciplinary treatment strategy.
Medical Management of Interstitial Pregnancy With Methotrexate: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Case Reports and Case Series.
Aljuneidi L, Okour S, Al-Raymoony M
J Obstet Gynaecol Res · 2026 Apr · PMID 41887674 · Publisher ↗
AIM: Interstitial pregnancy (IP) is a rare, life-threatening ectopic pregnancy, accounting for 2%-4% of cases, with high rupture and mortality risk. Methotrexate (MTX) offers a fertility-preserving alternative to surgery...
AIM: Interstitial pregnancy (IP) is a rare, life-threatening ectopic pregnancy, accounting for 2%-4% of cases, with high rupture and mortality risk. Methotrexate (MTX) offers a fertility-preserving alternative to surgery, but evidence on its efficacy and safety remains limited. METHODS: PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched from 1990 to September 2025 for English-language case reports and series on IP managed with MTX. Primary outcome was treatment success rate. Subgroup analyses evaluated protocol, administration route, dosing, folic acid use, and baseline β-hCG levels. RESULTS: A total of 124 patients from 77 case reports and series were included. The mean age was 31.9 ± 6.0 years, with a mean gestational age of 7.1 ± 1.5 weeks. Vaginal bleeding (44.7%) and asymptomatic presentation (38.6%) were most common. Pooled treatment failure with MTX was 31% (95% CI: 0.26-0.36), and complications occurred in 37% (95% CI: 0.32-0.42). Local administration showed a lower failure rate compared to systemic (20% vs. 34%). A 1 mg/kg regimen had fewer failures compared to 50 mg/m (23% vs. 33%). Patients with baseline β-hCG > 5000 IU/L had higher failure (34% vs. 24%) and complication rates (42% vs. 26%) than those with lower levels. Folic acid use, single versus multiple doses, and combined systemic/local routes did not significantly affect outcomes. Most adverse events were minor; rupture occurred in 6.5% of cases. CONCLUSIONS: MTX is an effective, safe, fertility-sparing option for IP, achieving high resolution rates across protocols. Local administration and 1 mg/kg regimens may reduce failure. Multicenter studies are needed for standardized guidelines.
Cervical Insufficiency Treated With Emergency Cerclage at 10 Weeks of Gestation: A Case Report and Literature Review.
Minekawa Y, Goto M, Hayashi K … +3 more , Okuyama A, Seo K, Ichizuka K
J Obstet Gynaecol Res · 2026 Apr · PMID 41882818 · Publisher ↗
Cervical insufficiency is rarely observed during the first trimester of pregnancy. Its diagnosis during early pregnancy is challenging; however, it may be suspected by carefully evaluating the implantation site in combin...
Cervical insufficiency is rarely observed during the first trimester of pregnancy. Its diagnosis during early pregnancy is challenging; however, it may be suspected by carefully evaluating the implantation site in combination with obstetric history, serial ultrasound assessments of cervical length, and inflammatory markers. Nevertheless, the optimal management strategy remains unclear. Herein, we report a case of cervical insufficiency resulting from a previous cervical ectopic pregnancy diagnosed at 9 weeks of gestation. To the best of our knowledge, this is a rare case in which emergency cervical cerclage was performed as early as 10 weeks of gestation, resulting in a live birth.
Safety of Ferric Citrate Hydrate in Pregnant Women With Iron Deficiency Anemia, Fetuses, and Newborns: A Real-World, Observational, Post-Marketing Surveillance Study.
Suzuki S, Hashimoto T, Okuda Y … +7 more , Ito K, Ito S, Shigeta M, Goto Y, Horikawa E, Nishino N, Yamada R
J Obstet Gynaecol Res · 2026 Apr · PMID 41882749 · Full text
AIM: This post-marketing surveillance study determined the real-world use and safety of ferric citrate hydrate (FC) in fetuses and pregnant women with iron deficiency anemia (IDA). METHODS: Pregnant women with IDA were r...
AIM: This post-marketing surveillance study determined the real-world use and safety of ferric citrate hydrate (FC) in fetuses and pregnant women with iron deficiency anemia (IDA). METHODS: Pregnant women with IDA were registered centrally and followed prospectively from the first FC administration until the end of pregnancy or at treatment discontinuation. Demographic characteristics, FC administration, and levels of iron- and anemia-related parameters were collected. Newborns were followed for 7 days after birth. RESULTS: Registration was from October 2021 to March 2023, and 149 women and 129 newborns were included for analysis. The mean (standard deviation; SD) age of the women was 32.1 (5.1) years, and 75.8% were at ≥ 28 weeks of gestational age at the first FC administration. The mean (SD) daily dose of FC was 494.2 (36.3) mg. FC treatment was continued until the end of pregnancy in 53 of 149 women (35.6%). The most frequent reason for the discontinuation of FC (96/149 women, 64.4%) was an improvement in IDA (68/149 women, 45.6%). Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) led to discontinuation in 4 of 149 women (2.7%). In 7 of 149 women (4.7%), 9 ADRs were found, including constipation (3/149, 2.0%), nausea (2/149, 1.3%), abdominal pain upper (1/149, 0.7%), diarrhea (1/149, 0.7%), hand dermatitis (1/149, 0.7%), and fetal death (1/149, 0.7%). No ADRs were found in newborns. Hemoglobin and serum ferritin levels were increased with FC treatment, but no signs of iron overload were reported. CONCLUSIONS: No previously unknown safety concerns were detected in women, fetuses, or newborns by FC treatment during pregnancy. TRIAL REGISTRATION: jRCT2031210322.
Determination of Awareness of Pregnant Women on Climate Change: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Sariboğa Y, Güney S, Gül Yilmaz T … +1 more , Güney MC
J Obstet Gynaecol Res · 2026 Apr · PMID 41881439 · Publisher ↗
AIMS: This study aimed to assess the level of climate change awareness among pregnant women and identify associated sociodemographic and obstetric factors. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a training and...
AIMS: This study aimed to assess the level of climate change awareness among pregnant women and identify associated sociodemographic and obstetric factors. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a training and research hospital in Turkey between March and July 2025. A total of 243 pregnant women were surveyed using a sociodemographic questionnaire and the validated climate change awareness scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Student's t-test, chi-squared, and multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: Of the participants, 48.1% demonstrated low awareness. The mean total awareness score was significantly lower in the low awareness group (166.58 (16.93)) compared to the high awareness group (212.78 (17.10)) (p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that higher education levels (OR = 3.069, p = 0.008) and emotional support from partners (OR = 2.078, p = 0.055) were associated with increased awareness. The nomogram provided a visual tool for predicting low awareness based on key variables. CONCLUSION: Educational attainment and partner support are critical factors influencing climate change awareness among pregnant women. Integrating targeted awareness programs into antenatal care may enhance preparedness and promote better maternal and neonatal health outcomes.
Laparoscopic Cervical Cerclage Offers Greatest Benefit for Patients With Multiple Conizations or Significantly Shortened Cervix: A Retrospective Study Based on Causal Inference Modeling.
Li X, Chen J, Yang J … +1 more , Huang D
J Obstet Gynaecol Res · 2026 Apr · PMID 41881437 · Publisher ↗
AIM: To evaluate the comparative effectiveness of laparoscopic cervical cerclage (LACC) versus transvaginal cervical cerclage (TVCC) in improving pregnancy outcomes for patients with a history of cervical conization, and...
AIM: To evaluate the comparative effectiveness of laparoscopic cervical cerclage (LACC) versus transvaginal cervical cerclage (TVCC) in improving pregnancy outcomes for patients with a history of cervical conization, and to identify patient subgroups deriving the greatest benefit from LACC using causal inference methodology. METHODS: This single-center retrospective cohort study included 179 patients with prior conization who underwent either TVCC (n = 110) or LACC (n = 69). Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was employed to control for confounding and simulate a randomized trial scenario. The primary outcome was term delivery rate (≥ 37 weeks). Secondary outcomes included gestational age at delivery, neonatal birth weight, and late miscarriage rate. Treatment effect heterogeneity was analyzed via subgroup analysis and restricted cubic splines. RESULTS: After IPTW adjustment, baseline covariates were well-balanced. LACC was associated with a significant absolute increase of 9.4% in the term delivery rate compared to TVCC (81.2% vs. 71.8%; ARD: +9.4%, 95% CI: 1.5 to 17.3; p = 0.020). LACC also demonstrated significant advantages in prolonging gestational age (MD: +0.8 weeks, p = 0.002), increasing neonatal birth weight (MD: +298 g, p = 0.002), and reducing late miscarriage (ARD: -5.6%, p = 0.045). A marked non-linear relationship was identified between pre-cerclage cervical length and LACC benefit, with maximum absolute benefit exceeding 30% when cervical length was < 2.0 cm. CONCLUSION: LACC is superior to TVCC in improving pregnancy outcomes for patients with a history of cervical conization, particularly for those with multiple prior conizations (≥ 2) or significantly shortened cervical length (< 2.0 cm). These findings support the use of LACC as a preferred, precision intervention for this high-benefit population.
Effects of Nutritional Supplement Intake on Pregnancy Outcomes in Overweight and Obese Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Chen Z, Xiao G, Liu H … +3 more , Zuo L, Ye J, Liu G
J Obstet Gynaecol Res · 2026 Mar · PMID 41871887 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Fetal nutrient supply depends on maternal status. Pregnant women tend to pay close attention to their health and diet, and micronutrient supplementation is widely practiced. Overweight and obese pregnant wome...
BACKGROUND: Fetal nutrient supply depends on maternal status. Pregnant women tend to pay close attention to their health and diet, and micronutrient supplementation is widely practiced. Overweight and obese pregnant women exhibit altered metabolism, inflammation, and placental function. These may limit the efficacy of nutritional supplementation in this population. Robust evidence on supplement efficacy and safety in this high-risk group is lacking. To evaluate the effects of antenatal nutritional supplementation on perinatal outcomes in women with pre-pregnancy overweight or obesity, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library to 16 July 2025 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing any nutritional supplement versus placebo in pregnant women with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m. Nineteen RCTs (3482 participants) were included; risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were pooled using fixed- or random-effects models. RESULTS: Supplements did not alter birth weight (SMD 0.04; 95% CI -0.04 to 0.11) or overall cesarean section risk. Probiotic supplementation increased preterm birth risk by 86% (RR 1.86; 95% CI 1.09-3.18). Inositol reduced preterm birth (RR 0.28; 95% CI 0.13-0.64) and preeclampsia (RR 0.40; 95% CI 0.19-0.83). Unsaturated fatty acids lowered macrosomia incidence (RR 0.53; 95% CI 0.29-0.95). CONCLUSION: Routine unsaturated fatty acids and inositol supplementation should be considered for overweight or obese pregnant women to reduce macrosomia, preterm birth, preeclampsia, and gestational hypertension. Chronic or prophylactic probiotic supplementation is not recommended.
The Place of Fruits and Herbal Medicines in the Treatment of Diabetes in Pregnancy: Two Sides of the Coin.
Topatan E, Topatan AS, Kilic M … +2 more , Halici B, Cadirci E
J Obstet Gynaecol Res · 2026 Mar · PMID 41866191 · Publisher ↗
AIMS: One in ten pregnant women with diabetes turns to herbal products due to certain concerns about pharmacological agents. Although herbal medicines have been used since ancient times, their nonstandardized formulation...
AIMS: One in ten pregnant women with diabetes turns to herbal products due to certain concerns about pharmacological agents. Although herbal medicines have been used since ancient times, their nonstandardized formulations and methods of use may endanger the health of the mother and fetus. Therefore, herbal medicines should be comprehensively evaluated in terms of efficacy, side effects, toxicity, and drug interactions, and approached with caution. On the other hand, it is important to approach the subject objectively without disregarding herbs that can truly benefit the mother and fetus. We aim to shed light on this subject for both pregnant women and physicians. METHODS: A targeted PubMed/MEDLINE search (inception-November 2025) was conducted using combinations of pregnancy/diabetes terms with herbal medicine and safety keywords, repeated for each herb discussed. Eligible evidence was summarized through qualitative synthesis with emphasis on glycemic outcomes and maternal-fetal safety. LITERATURE RESULTS: Diabetes treatment during pregnancy includes lifestyle changes, pharmacological treatment, and herbal medicines. Lifestyle changes are effective in most patients. Pharmacological treatment is considered for patients whose diabetes cannot be controlled through lifestyle changes. However, pharmacological agents are limited due to the risk of teratogenicity. Furthermore, pregnant women's fear of the side effects of medical drugs, the lower cost and easier availability of herbal medicines, and their perception as a natural and harmless alternative based on ancient traditions lead pregnant women to use herbal medicines. CONCLUSIONS: In this review, we scientifically evaluate herbal medicines used in the treatment of diabetes during pregnancy in terms of their place, importance, and considerations.
Uterine Smooth Muscle Tumors of Uncertain Malignant Potential (STUMP): Clinical Course and Follow-Up Outcomes After Surgery.
Atay AO, Serin G, Akdemir A … +4 more , Akman L, Terek MC, Zekioglu O, Cirpan T
J Obstet Gynaecol Res · 2026 Mar · PMID 41856773 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Uterine smooth muscle tumor of uncertain malignant potential (STUMP) is a rare "gray-zone" entity characterized by unpredictable postoperative behavior and the absence of standardized surveillance strategies....
BACKGROUND: Uterine smooth muscle tumor of uncertain malignant potential (STUMP) is a rare "gray-zone" entity characterized by unpredictable postoperative behavior and the absence of standardized surveillance strategies. OBJECTIVE: To describe postoperative clinical course, recurrence patterns, and fertility-related outcomes in patients with STUMP managed at a tertiary center. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective observational study including 27 patients with a final pathology diagnosis of STUMP who underwent surgery and had postoperative follow-up available between 2009 and 2025. Clinical, surgical, and pathological variables were collected from hospital records. Recurrence was defined as radiologic evidence of a new lesion during follow-up and categorized by anatomic site. Outcomes included recurrence status, time to recurrence, recurrence histology, subsequent management, and pregnancy outcomes after uterus-sparing surgery. RESULTS: Median follow-up was 58 months (IQR 17-79; range 4-136). Recurrence occurred in six patients (22.2%), with a median time to recurrence of 36 months (IQR 8-66.3). Recurrences were local (n = 4) or pulmonary (n = 2); one patient with lung recurrence also had wrist soft-tissue involvement. Histology at recurrence included leiomyosarcoma (n = 2), STUMP (n = 2), and leiomyoma (n = 2). All recurrent cases underwent secondary surgery. One death occurred during follow-up. Uterus-sparing surgery was performed in nine patients (33.3%); recurrence occurred in four, all local. Two pregnancies were recorded, including one live birth. CONCLUSION: STUMP shows heterogeneous postoperative behavior, including late and occasionally malignant or distant recurrences. Long-term surveillance is warranted, and uterus-sparing management may be considered in carefully selected patients with fertility goals under close follow-up.
Anthropometric Measurements to Predict Metabolic Syndrome in Thai Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Retrospective Study.
Yokyongsakul M, Humart P, Techatraisak K … +7 more , Tanmahasamut P, Rattanachaiyanont M, Indhavivadhana S, Wongwananuruk T, Chantrapanichkul P, Phunyammalee M, Madeesukstit P
J Obstet Gynaecol Res · 2026 Mar · PMID 41856764 · Full text
AIM: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of seven anthropometric indices for predicting metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Thai women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHODS: Electronic medical records of 1492 women aged...
AIM: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of seven anthropometric indices for predicting metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Thai women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHODS: Electronic medical records of 1492 women aged 15-45 years who attended Siriraj Hospital during 2015-2024 were retrospectively analyzed. MetS was diagnosed using the International Diabetes Federation 2006 criteria. The indices assessed were a body shape index (ABSI), abdominal volume index (AVI), body adiposity index (BAI), body mass index (BMI), body roundness index (BRI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). Discrimination was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis with area under the curve (AUC) and 95% CI. Optimal cut-offs were identified using the Youden index. RESULTS: Metabolic syndrome prevalence was 20.8%. AVI, BMI, BRI, and WHtR showed comparable discrimination (AUC 0.84-0.85) and outperformed BAI (AUC 0.79), WHR (AUC 0.78), and ABSI (AUC 0.52). A composite of AVI, BRI, and WHtR did not improve discrimination. A BMI threshold of 25.78 kg/m provided the best overall accuracy (69.6%). A WHtR threshold of 0.53 offered similar clinical utility. CONCLUSIONS: BMI and waist-centered indices demonstrate comparable performance for predicting MetS in Thai women with PCOS. BMI provides the highest overall accuracy and, together with WHtR, can serve as practical first-line triage tools.
Retrospective Study of the Risk of Progression to Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Vulvar Lichen Planus Forms Isolated or Associated With Other Dermatoses.
Pasquali MF, Dominoni M, Musacchi V … +4 more , Pano MR, Ferretti VV, De Silvestri A, Gardella B
J Obstet Gynaecol Res · 2026 Mar · PMID 41856763 · Publisher ↗
AIMS: The aim of the study was to examine the potential risk of vulvar lichen planus (LP), alone or associated with lichen sclerosus (LS) or lichen simplex chronicus (LSC), to evolve towards vulvar cancer (VSCC). METHODS...
AIMS: The aim of the study was to examine the potential risk of vulvar lichen planus (LP), alone or associated with lichen sclerosus (LS) or lichen simplex chronicus (LSC), to evolve towards vulvar cancer (VSCC). METHODS: We retrospectively investigated the incidence of vulvar cancer in women diagnosed with LP, alone or associated with LS and LSC, between 2007 and 2022. RESULTS: We retrieved the data of 77 women with LP with a mean age of 63.5 ± 11.9 years old. Of these, 53 had LP, 19 had LP+LS, and 5 had LP+LSC. Ultrapotent topical corticosteroids were the first-line treatment. The mean follow-up time was 45 ± 30.14 months, during which four patients developed VSCC (5.19%). All four cases were found to be associated with the presence of multiple lichen, and the frequency of developing a neoplasm in the presence of LS or LSC superimposed on LP was found to be significant with Fisher's exact test (p = 0.0079). CONCLUSION: Analyzing our data, we can point out a concrete possibility regarding the relationship between multiple lichen and VSCC compared to LP alone. However, the sample size is too small to allow definitive conclusions to be drawn, and multicenter studies would, therefore, be desirable in the future both to examine more thoroughly and in large numbers the relationship between LP, multiple lichen, and vulvar cancer and to find new treatment and follow-up strategies for pathogenesis.
Pregnancy-Specific Reference Intervals for Maternal Biochemical Parameters and Associations With Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in a Japanese Cohort.
Shimokawa R, Saito F, Kawakami K … +7 more , Sakata J, Sagara A, Yoshimura S, Iwagoi Y, Yamaguchi M, Kawakami S, Kondoh E
J Obstet Gynaecol Res · 2026 Mar · PMID 41856759 · Publisher ↗
AIM: To establish pregnancy-specific reference intervals for key biochemical parameters and to assess their associations with adverse pregnancy outcomes in a large Japanese cohort. METHODS: This retrospective cohort stud...
AIM: To establish pregnancy-specific reference intervals for key biochemical parameters and to assess their associations with adverse pregnancy outcomes in a large Japanese cohort. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study analyzed outpatient biochemical test data from 33 085 women with singleton pregnancies who delivered at a perinatal center in Japan between 2013 and 2023. Plasma glucose, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), uric acid (UA), total cholesterol (TC), and triglycerides (TG) were measured during early (< 20 weeks), mid (20-29 weeks), and late (≥ 30 weeks) gestation. Reference intervals were established nonparametrically, and multivariable logistic regression was performed to assess associations with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP). RESULTS: Glucose, AST, and ALT showed minimal changes across gestation, whereas TG, TC, and UA increased progressively. Across BMI categories, glucose, TG, and UA rose with higher BMI, whereas AST and TC tended to be higher in lower-BMI groups after mid-pregnancy. Higher TG levels at 20-29 weeks were independently associated with HDP, while higher AST and lower TC at 20-29 weeks also showed modest associations. In contrast, glucose and ALT showed no significant relationships with HDP. Elevated glucose levels in both early and mid-pregnancy were the strongest correlates of GDM, followed by ALT, whereas AST demonstrated inverse associations. CONCLUSIONS: This study established gestational age-specific reference intervals for major biochemical parameters in Japanese pregnant women. TG, AST, and TC were associated with HDP, whereas glucose and ALT were associated with GDM, providing clinically relevant insights into metabolic adaptation and pregnancy risk assessment.
Comparative Outcomes of Mesh-Based and Mesh-Free Laparoscopic Uterus-Preserving Pectopexy for Apical Prolapse: A Retrospective Cohort Study.
Coskun ES, Bacak HB, Salman S … +7 more , Gencer FK, Kumbasar S, Dündar G, Bulut A, Acıyiyen Y, Çelikoğlu E, Salman T
J Obstet Gynaecol Res · 2026 Mar · PMID 41856695 · Publisher ↗
AIM: To compare the anatomical and functional outcomes of mesh-based and mesh-free laparoscopic uterus-preserving pectopexy in patients with apical pelvic organ prolapse: METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included...
AIM: To compare the anatomical and functional outcomes of mesh-based and mesh-free laparoscopic uterus-preserving pectopexy in patients with apical pelvic organ prolapse: METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 81 patients who underwent either mesh-based (n = 41) or mesh-free (n = 40) laparoscopic pectopexy between 2021 and 2024. Patients were evaluated for operative time, estimated blood loss, hospital stay, anatomical success based on the POP-Q system, sexual function using the PISQ-12 questionnaire, and postoperative complications. Follow-up assessments were conducted at 6 weeks and 1 year for anatomical outcomes (POP-Q) and at 3 months and 1 year for sexual function (PISQ-12). RESULTS: Both techniques significantly improved POP-Q parameters and PISQ-12 scores. The mesh group demonstrated superior apical and posterior support (C, Ap, and Bp points), while the mesh-free group showed longer total vaginal length. Operative time was significantly longer in the mesh-free group. Sexual function improved in both groups, with a greater early improvement in the mesh group, though differences leveled at 1 year. Complication and recurrence rates were low and comparable between groups. CONCLUSIONS: Mesh-based and mesh-free pectopexy both offer effective anatomical correction and functional recovery in apical prolapse surgery. Mesh-based techniques provide stronger apical support, while mesh-free approaches may be preferable for patients avoiding synthetic implants. Individualized surgical planning remains essential.
Impact and Significance of the Roy Adaptation Model on Postpartum Recovery in Primiparous Women After Vaginal Delivery.
Zhang Y, Huang H
J Obstet Gynaecol Res · 2026 Mar · PMID 41850757 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of Roy Adaptation Model (RAM)-based nursing on postpartum recovery in primiparous women after vaginal delivery. METHODS: 258 primiparous women were randomly assigned using a computer-gener...
OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of Roy Adaptation Model (RAM)-based nursing on postpartum recovery in primiparous women after vaginal delivery. METHODS: 258 primiparous women were randomly assigned using a computer-generated random sequence to a control group (routine nursing, n = 133) or an intervention group (routine nursing plus RAM interventions, n = 125) for 8 weeks. Outcomes included pelvic floor function (PFDI-20, nocturia frequency, vaginal dynamic pressure), pelvic floor muscle strength (vaginal contraction duration, contraction/resting EMG values), psychological status (SAS, SDS, EPDS), quality of life (QOL), and complications. RESULTS: Compared to the control group, the intervention group demonstrated significantly higher vaginal dynamic pressure, vaginal contraction duration, contraction EMG values, and resting EMG values (all p < 0.05). They also showed significantly lower nocturia frequency, PFDI-20 scores, breast swelling/pain scores, shorter lochia resolution and uterine involution times, and reduced incidences of stress urinary incontinence, pelvic organ prolapse, and sexual dysfunction (all p < 0.05). SAS, SDS, and EPDS scores were significantly lower (p < 0.05), while QOL scores were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the intervention group. CONCLUSION: RAM-based nursing promotes postpartum physical recovery, alleviates psychological distress, and enhances quality of life in primiparous women after vaginal delivery.
Knockout Serum Replacement Accompanied With Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor in Culture Medium Promotes Growth of Human Breast Milk-Derived Cells.
Kumari P, Raval A, Agarwal S … +3 more , Paulraj S, Pandey M, Mahto SK
J Obstet Gynaecol Res · 2026 Mar · PMID 41850753 · Publisher ↗
AIM: Human breast milk is known to contain a variety of bioactive components, including stem and progenitor cells; however, their in vitro propagation is often constrained by limited adherence and yield. The use of conve...
AIM: Human breast milk is known to contain a variety of bioactive components, including stem and progenitor cells; however, their in vitro propagation is often constrained by limited adherence and yield. The use of conventional serum supplementation raises concerns regarding unnatural interactions and potential pathogen exposure. This study aims to assess the effects of serum and growth factors on the adhesion, proliferation, and propagation of human breast milk-derived cells (hBMCs). METHODS: We cultured cells in four media: M1 (DMEM + 10% FBS), M2 (DMEM/F12 + 20% KnockOut Serum Replacement [KSR] + 10 ng/mL bFGF), M3 (DMEM/F12 + 10% KSR + 10 ng/mL bFGF), and M4 (DMEM + 10% FBS + 5% HS). Cell adhesion, proliferation, and morphology were evaluated using bright-field microscopy, fluorescence imaging, and cell viability assays. RESULTS: Our findings indicated postpartum-dependent variations in hBMC numbers and demonstrated that serum-free conditions with KSR significantly enhanced cell adhesion and proliferation. Specifically, M2 and M3 facilitated increased proliferation with reduced doubling time, resulting in higher cell yield. Furthermore, the study underscored the impact of contamination and fat globules on lower adhesion efficiency. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, these results identify KSR-based media as a promising alternative to FBS, providing optimized conditions for the propagation of hBMCs and paving the way for their future therapeutic and experimental applications.
A Case of Wernicke's Encephalopathy in the Second Trimester of a Woman With Super-Super Obesity and a Monochorionic Diamniotic Twin Pregnancy.
Uchida H, Okamura Y, Muto M … +3 more , Yokomine M, Horinouchi T, Tsuda N
J Obstet Gynaecol Res · 2026 Mar · PMID 41850751 · Publisher ↗
Super super obesity increases perinatal risk, and monochorionic diamniotic twin gestation is uncommon. Although Wernicke's encephalopathy is linked to hyperemesis gravidarum in underweight women, severe obesity does not...
Super super obesity increases perinatal risk, and monochorionic diamniotic twin gestation is uncommon. Although Wernicke's encephalopathy is linked to hyperemesis gravidarum in underweight women, severe obesity does not preclude micronutrient depletion. A woman with body mass index 65 kg/m carrying monochorionic diamniotic twins developed Wernicke's encephalopathy at 25 weeks after prolonged poor diet with restrictions and persistent nausea and vomiting. Severe obesity may create a false impression of nutritional adequacy. Furthermore, twin pregnancy increases metabolic demand and complicates interpretation of weight changes. Serum thiamine was low-normal; magnetic resonance imaging showed a splenial corpus callosum lesion. Empiric high-dose intravenous thiamine rapidly improved symptoms. A central venous port was required for difficult access but complicated by a catheter-related bloodstream infection. Preterm membrane rupture at 31 weeks necessitated cesarean delivery for a nonvertex second twin; mother and twins survived. Reduced intake, frequent vomiting, and weight loss should trigger prompt thiamine treatment even with near-normal levels.
The Relationship Between Sexual Health Literacy and Sexual Myths Among Health Science Students: A Cross-Sectional Study in Türkiye.
Karakoç S, Aydin Doğan R
J Obstet Gynaecol Res · 2026 Mar · PMID 41850734 · Publisher ↗
AIM: This study aimed to examine the relationship between sexual health literacy and sexual myths among health science students studying at a public university in Türkiye. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted w...
AIM: This study aimed to examine the relationship between sexual health literacy and sexual myths among health science students studying at a public university in Türkiye. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 678 students enrolled in various health science departments during the 2023-2024 academic year. Data were collected online using a Personal Information Form, the Sexual Health Literacy Scale (SHLS), and the Sexual Myths Scale (SMS). Descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test, one-way ANOVA, and linear regression analyses were performed to assess differences and predictive factors. RESULTS: Among the participants, 35.3% were studying midwifery, 17.8% nursing, 14.3% emergency aid, 9.4% medical documentation and secretarial studies, 8.8% child development, 6.9% elderly care, and 4.9% physiotherapy. Most students (91.9%) reported not having received any sexual health education. The mean SHLS and SMS total scores were 50.26 ± 7.85 and 68.50 ± 17.76, respectively. Sexual health literacy and sexual myth levels differed significantly according to age, department, year of study, and marital status (p < 0.05). The knowledge and attitude subdimensions of the SHLS significantly predicted total sexual myth scores (F = 9.03; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Sexual myths among health science students are influenced by their level of sexual health literacy. Providing scientifically based and accurate sexual health education during university training may contribute to improving the quality of future sexual and reproductive health services delivered by these students as healthcare professionals.
Proceeds in Genetic Testing and Continuing Ethical Issues: An Analysis of Pediatricians' Outlooks on NIPT and PGT.
Suzumori N
J Obstet Gynaecol Res · 2026 Mar · PMID 41847915 · Publisher ↗
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A Systematic Review of Vaginal Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery (vNOTES) versus Laparoscopic Salpingectomy in the Management of Ectopic Pregnancy.
Hartshorn K, Wylie S, Nicholson L … +2 more , Yoong H, Yoong W
J Obstet Gynaecol Res · 2026 Mar · PMID 41844421 · Publisher ↗
AIM: To compare outcomes, efficacy, and safety of vNOTES versus conventional laparoscopy and laparoendoscopic single-site surgery salpingectomy for ectopic pregnancy. METHODS: Electronic databases including PubMed, Medli...
AIM: To compare outcomes, efficacy, and safety of vNOTES versus conventional laparoscopy and laparoendoscopic single-site surgery salpingectomy for ectopic pregnancy. METHODS: Electronic databases including PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Library, and Embase were systematically searched. Articles were evaluated according to specified inclusion criteria. Data were extracted and reviewed, with reported duration of procedure and length of patient stay as primary outcomes. Due to heterogeneity of data, analysis was further stratified depending on whether the control groups underwent conventional laparoscopy or laparoendoscopic single-site surgery. Secondary outcomes include success rates, estimated blood loss, Visual Analogue Scores (VAS) for postoperative pain and complications. A formal risk of bias assessment accompanied the included studies. RESULTS: Twenty-one studies were included within the review with a cumulative total of 405 cases of vNOTES salpingectomy. Studies included randomized control trials (n = 2), cohort control studies (n = 6), case series (n = 12), and case report (n = 1). Meta-analyses of duration of procedure and length of stay were performed across seven papers (stratified according to control groups). This revealed a significant reduction in length of stay but similar duration of surgery under fixed and random effects models (p < 0.05) for vNOTES versus conventional laparoscopic salpingectomy. Patients undergoing vNOTES salpingectomy versus laparoendoscopic single-site surgery had similar duration of surgery and length of stay. Women who had vNOTES demonstrated lower VAS pain scores and reduced analgesia requirements. Up to 4% of cases may need conversion to laparoscopy (these were cases associated with pelvic adhesions or torrential hemorrhage), and documented complications included hemorrhage, post-operative pyrexia, and need for blood transfusion. CONCLUSIONS: vNOTES salpingectomy for ectopic pregnancy appears to be a safe and feasible procedure, with high levels of patient satisfaction and low pain scores. The heterogeneity of data of the control groups is acknowledged and patients undergoing vNOTES versus conventional laparoscopic salpingectomy had reductions in length of stay but similar duration of surgery, while vNOTES salpingectomy versus laparoendoscopic single-site surgery incurred similar duration of surgery and length of stay. Procedural standardization and larger randomized clinical trials to assess long-term outcomes are crucial if vNOTES salpingectomy should become widely used for surgical treatment of ectopic pregnancy.
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