Annali Di Igiene[JOURNAL]
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200 papers
The psychometric evaluation of the Italian version of the Surgical Fear Questionnaire in adult patients waiting for major cardiac surgery.
Damico V, Cossalter L, Murano L … +4 more , D'Alessandro A, Fermi L, Milani M, Demoro G
Ann Ig · 2024 · PMID 38747081 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Preoperative surgical fear is an emotional reaction that can be observed in many patients who are waiting to undergo a surgical procedure. The Surgical Fear Questionnaire was originally developed to d...
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Preoperative surgical fear is an emotional reaction that can be observed in many patients who are waiting to undergo a surgical procedure. The Surgical Fear Questionnaire was originally developed to determine the level of fear in patients who are expected to undergo elective surgery. This study aims to test the validity and reliability of this Italian version in a population of patients waiting for major cardiac surgery. STUDY DESIGN: Methodological research model. METHODS: The population of this methodological study included the patients who presented to Lecco Hospital in Italy between January 2022 and October 2023 and were scheduled to undergo valve surgery, aortic surgery or coronary surgery; the sample involved 416 patients who met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS: Results of the analyses showed that the Surgical Fear Questionnaire can be used with two subscales; the "Surgical Fear Questionnaire-S", which shows the fear of the short-term consequences of cardiac-surgery, and the "Surgical Fear Questionnaire-L", which shows the fear of the long-term consequences of cardiac-surgery. The mean score of the patients was 26.32+9.23 on the former, 27.62+11.89 on the latter, and 53.94 +19.16 for the entire questionnaire. The Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.952 for the "Surgical Fear Questionnaire-S", 0.920 for the "Surgical Fear Questionnaire-L", and 0.914 for the entire questionnaire. CONCLUSION: Based on the validity and reliability tests, we consider the questionnaire adaptable to the Italian reality, specifically to the population waiting for major cardiac surgery.
Language barriers during vaccination practice, the point of view of healthcare providers.
Bianconi A, Zanutto G, Castagna G … +8 more , Coa AA, De Gioia ER, Longo G, Sicari G, Tomaiuolo G, Todeschini R, Pandolfi P, Gori D
Ann Ig · 2024 · PMID 38747080 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Language barriers are one of the main obstacles faced by migrants in accessing healthcare services. A compromised communication between migrants and Healthcare Providers in vaccination setting can result in i...
BACKGROUND: Language barriers are one of the main obstacles faced by migrants in accessing healthcare services. A compromised communication between migrants and Healthcare Providers in vaccination setting can result in increased vaccine hesitancy and decreased vaccine uptake. The objective of the current study is to investigate Healthcare Providers' perceptions about linguistic barriers faced during both routinary vaccination practice and the extraordinary vaccination program for Ukrainian refugees in the Local Health Authorities of Bologna and Romagna (Italy). METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted through the administration of a questionnaire examining Healthcare Providers' perceptions. A descriptive analysis and a multiple logistic regression model were adopted to analyze the collected data. RESULTS: Language barriers resulted as an obstacle to informed consent and to doctor-patient relationship. The strategies adopted were perceived as helpful in increasing vaccination adherence, despite communication difficulties were still experienced during refugees' vaccinations. Results suggest that the implementation of translated material and the use of professional interpreters may represent important strategies to overcome linguistic barriers, along with Healthcare Providers' training. Healthcare Providers' opinions could assist the implementation of new tools capable of countering language barriers. CONCLUSIONS: The current study represents an example of providers' involvement in understanding the complexities behind the issue of language barriers in vaccination practice.
A survey on hydration and use of plastic water bottles among Italian health sector workers.
Lugli C, Palandri L, Pedretti S … +9 more , Bacchi R, Altariva D, Guerzoni G, Sala A, Vaccari C, Filippini T, Righi E, Vinceti M, Romani G
Ann Ig · 2024 · PMID 38742370 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Modena's Local Health Authority (AUSL) is a public service with more than 5,000 employees. In its facilities, drinking water is available as tap water. However, disposable plastic bottles are also widely used...
BACKGROUND: Modena's Local Health Authority (AUSL) is a public service with more than 5,000 employees. In its facilities, drinking water is available as tap water. However, disposable plastic bottles are also widely used, thus increasing plastic waste. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: In the present study, we aimed to investigate employees' drinking habits through an ad hoc 10-item online questionnaire, which was administered in spring 2023. RESULTS: Of the 584 participants (10.8% response rate), 75% of workers reported drinking less than 1.5 liters of water per day. In addition, 74% of workers brought water from home, while 62% used disposable plastic containers bought in the workplace or outside. When asked if they would appreciate a water refilling station in the workplace, whether that would induce them to consume less plastic and to drink more water, 91%, 82%, and 72% of workers said "yes", respectively. By installing water coolers, the estimated mean number of plastic bottles spared every day at the AUSL would be about 6,000. CONCLUSIONS: Our data shed light on most employees' perceived need for alternative sources of drinking water, not only in order to drink more for health benefits, but also to reduce plastic usage in favor of reusable, more environmentally friendly materials.
Management of a Neisseria meningitidis case: factors that guarantee the effectiveness of supporting Public Health actions.
Voltolini A, Marcotrigiano V, Cian S … +10 more , Fiorito N, Sollano A, Dall'O I, Battistin M, Bino E, Lovat A, D'Incà P, Baldovin T, Baldo V, Cinquetti S
Ann Ig · 2024 · PMID 38717345 · Publisher ↗
Among invasive bacterial diseases, meningococcal meningitis is a serious and contagious disease caused by Neisseria meningitidis. The disease has a high lethality grade and could have long-term sequelae. This paper descr...
Among invasive bacterial diseases, meningococcal meningitis is a serious and contagious disease caused by Neisseria meningitidis. The disease has a high lethality grade and could have long-term sequelae. This paper describes a case of meningitis that occurred in the territory under the jurisdiction of Local Health Authority ULSS 1 Dolomiti and the related management methods. The activities described concern rapid alerts, an epidemiological investigation, the administration of chemoprophylaxis and offering vaccinations, implemented according to the current Public Health protocol through different healthcare workers. This case report aims to support the management of possible similar cases, underlining the conditions that favoured the application of the envisaged measures, including an on-call ready availability service; the presence of population vaccination centres located in the area investigated; and a network sensitive to early warnings and collaboration within and between Local Health Authorities.
Anti-rubella seroprevalence assessment in an adult sample population in Italy.
Bechini A, Zanella B, Bonito B … +19 more , Betti M, Stancanelli E, Del Riccio M, Salvati C, Bonanni P, Bianchi J, Biondi I, Chellini M, Innocenti M, Manzi F, Paolini D, Sartor G, Baggiani L, Baretti S, Della Fonte M, Garofalo G, Mereu G, Santini MG, Boccalini S
Ann Ig · 2024 · PMID 38717344 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Despite global immunization efforts, rubella remains a public health concern, particularly in high- and middle-income countries. This study focused on rubella seroprevalence in the province of Florence, Ita...
INTRODUCTION: Despite global immunization efforts, rubella remains a public health concern, particularly in high- and middle-income countries. This study focused on rubella seroprevalence in the province of Florence, Italy, aiming to identify susceptibility clusters, especially among women in their childbearing age. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted between April 2018 and December 2019, enrolling 430 adult subjects (age over 18 years). Serum samples were collected, and anti-rubella antibodies were quantified using the ELISA test. Data were analyzed descriptively and compared by sex, nationality, and age groups using statistical tests. RESULTS: The overall rubella seroprevalence was high (92.3%), with no significant differences between genders or nationalities. Among childbearing-age females (18-49 years), the highest seroprevalence was observed in the 30-39 age group (94.1%). However, susceptibility clusters exceeding the 5% threshold set by WHO were identified, especially in females aged 40-49 years (7.0%). CONCLUSIONS: Despite high overall seroprevalence, the study identified pockets of susceptibility, even in childbearing age women. Continuous monitoring, targeted immunization strategies, and public health interventions are recommended to maintain rubella elimination, emphasizing the importance of sustained vaccination efforts to protect vulnerable populations.
Knowledge and self-perceived competence about cardiopulmonary resuscitation among youths: a cross-sectional study in a sample of Italian undergraduates.
Protano C, Cammalleri V, Zanni S … +5 more , Valeriani F, Liguori G, Spica VR, Vitali M, Gallè F
Ann Ig · 2024 · PMID 38648013 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is fundamental to improve the outcomes of a life-threatening event. The correct knowledge of first aid actions to provide may guarantee the victim's survival. This study was ai...
INTRODUCTION: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is fundamental to improve the outcomes of a life-threatening event. The correct knowledge of first aid actions to provide may guarantee the victim's survival. This study was aimed at evaluating the competence about cardiopulmonary resuscitation and its predictors in a sample of Italian undergraduate students. METHODS: Information on socio-demographic characteristics, first aid training, knowledge of stroke and heart attack symptoms and perceived ability to provide first aid, were collected through a web-based questionnaire. RESULTS: On a total of 744 respondents (mean age 23.9±5.4 years, 62.5% female), 71.4% identified correctly first aid actions, 59.9% and 60.8% showed a good knowledge of stroke and heart attack symptoms, respectively. However, only 39.0% of them declared their ability to intervene in case of emergency. Attending a healthcare degree course and having had first aid training were associated with knowledge of symptoms and perceived ability to provide first aid. Female gender was negatively related with perceived ability to intervene. CONCLUSIONS: In spite of the satisfactory level of knowledge, these findings highlight the need to enhance the competence about cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the lay population, especially among females.
Enhancing Primary Health Care through Interprofessional education: Insights from a Training Workshop.
Milani C, Naldini G, Occhini G … +8 more , Pontalti I, Baggiani L, Nerattini M, Lorini C, Turco L, Bonaccorsi G, Phc-W WG, Del Riccio M
Ann Ig · 2024 · PMID 38648012 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Strengthening primary care services with a focus on comprehensive Primary Health Care principles necessitates collaborative work practices within interprofessional teams. In Italy, the Local Health District...
INTRODUCTION: Strengthening primary care services with a focus on comprehensive Primary Health Care principles necessitates collaborative work practices within interprofessional teams. In Italy, the Local Health District of Florence embodies a comprehensive Primary Health Care -inspired model of primary care, prominently featuring the House of Community concept. This work presents findings and insights from a multidisciplinary, interprofessional education activity tailored for healthcare professionals, researchers, and students actively participating in the primary care reorganization. METHODS: The activity was structured using a four-phase learning model (imaginative, analytical, common sense, and dynamic), aligning with four distinct activities (brainstorming, lecture, case study, and group project). RESULTS: Key themes that emerged encompassed the significance of nurturing relationships among team members, the aspiration for an inclusive work environment, the vital role of community engagement and collaboration across various services, disciplines, and sectors beyond healthcare. DISCUSSION: These themes highlight the essential attributes of successful primary care practices built on the principles of comprehensive comprehensive Primary Health Care. Throughout the innovation process of primary care services, interprofessional education training events emerged as indispensable components for bolstering implementation and ensuring sustainability. This study underscores the crucial role of interprofessional education in bridging the gap between theoretical constructs and practical application, emphasizing that comprehensive Primary Healthcare principles find tangible manifestation in real-world scenarios.
HIV screening of migrants in the autonomous Province of Trento (North-Eastern Italy).
Lanzafame M, Mori G, Lattuada E … +5 more , Visentin D, Carraro L, Gargano R, Fatehmoghadam P, Zuccali MG
Ann Ig · 2024 · PMID 38648011 · Publisher ↗
Migrants have accounted for more than 40% of new HIV diagnoses in Europe in 2022. Among the population of asylum seekers currently present in the Trento Province, screening for HIV infection is poorly carried out for var...
Migrants have accounted for more than 40% of new HIV diagnoses in Europe in 2022. Among the population of asylum seekers currently present in the Trento Province, screening for HIV infection is poorly carried out for various reasons. Here we report our experience about screening for HIV infection in asylum seekers present in that area using rapid self HIV-testing.
Home care models dedicated to COVID-19 patients: the experience of a Local Health District of Veneto Region (Italy).
Manea S, Pinato M, Salmaso L … +7 more , Vittorii S, Biasio M, Rigoni M, Manfrin V, Bertocco E, Zanatta M, Saia M
Ann Ig · 2024 · PMID 38647092 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: During COVID-19 pandemic, health professionals have been working in an extreme uncertainty context. Affected patients needed to be cared at home as long as possible to avoid virus spreading and hospital resou...
BACKGROUND: During COVID-19 pandemic, health professionals have been working in an extreme uncertainty context. Affected patients needed to be cared at home as long as possible to avoid virus spreading and hospital resources saturation. The Veneto Regional Administration (North-east of Italy) released Regional guidelines about it. The Western Healthcare District of the Local Health Authority of the city of Vicenza (180,000 inhabitants) implemented a healthcare pathway following them. Aim of the study is to describe the results and outcomes of such implementation. METHODS: In the implemented health care pathway, a new service called "Special Unit of continuity of care" (USCA) with physicians and nurses has been dedicated to the prise en charge at home of patients suffering from Sars-CoV-2. They were referred to the USCA by general practitioners or by hospital specialists, and managed through a daily clinical monitoring by regular home visits and phone calls, specialist consultations and therapy management. In order to prevent hospital admission, an oxygen concentrator when possible has been employed and managed at home by the members of the USCA when the oxygen saturation was below 93%. An observational retrospective study has been conducted using anonymized data from different databases: the USCA activity database (from 12/01/20 to 21/31/21), the hospital and Emergency Department discharge databases, and the "healthcare co-payments exemptions database". The latter database refers to the people excluded - because of their chronicity - from the co-payment of a list of medical exams and services. Descriptive and multivariate logistic regression analyses have been implemented. RESULTS: 1,419 patients suffering from Sars-CoV-2 have been cared and managed by the USCA in the considered period of time (mean 11.4 days), of whom 787 (55.5%) with at least one chronic condition (described in the above quoted "healthcare co-payments exemption database") and 261 provided with oxygen concentrator. 275 (19.4%) needed a hospital admission, 39 (2.8%) in intensive unit; 53 died during hospitalization (3.8%). Out of the 261 patients utilizing oxygen concentrator, 103 have been admitted to hospital (39.5%), 7.3% in intensive unit and 8.0% died. In implemented multivariate analyses, the use of oxygen concentrator, proxy measure of the severity of the condition, is the major determinant for the risk of hospital admission (adj OR: 3.2, CI 2.3-4.3) and of dying within 30 days (adj OR: 2.8 CI 1.5-5.1). Among the 261 patients provided with oxygen concentrator, 158 (60,5%) have been managed at home without any admission to emergency department and/or hospitalization. CONCLUSIONS: In an uncertain context such as COVID-19 pandemic, the already-implemented home care model has been modified by integrating the USCA physicians and nurses and specialist care networks to prevent hospitalization and the sense of isolation and abandonment of people as much as possible. Almost 1,500 patients suffering from COVID-19 have been cared for at home over 13 months by such new service with complex and multidisciplinary activities. The risk of hospitalization and death appears determined by the severity of the pathology with high and significant OR 60% of patients with oxygen concentrators who, despite an initial high hyposaturation were not hospitalized, represent, partly, the group of patients who would have been requiring hospital care in the absence of a home care pathway in a standard situation.
Development of a network model to implement the HPV vaccination coverage.
Guarducci G, Chiti M, Fattore DC … +4 more , Caldararo R, Messina G, Filidei P, Nante N
Ann Ig · 2024 · PMID 38647091 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: The vaccination coverage of a population is the usual indicator of the effectiveness of vaccination strategies. The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of an organizational and communication network to i...
BACKGROUND: The vaccination coverage of a population is the usual indicator of the effectiveness of vaccination strategies. The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of an organizational and communication network to implement Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccination coverage both in males and females in the Center Tuscany Local Health Authority. STUDY DESIGN: Experimental study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In January 2022, a retrospective study was conducted on anti-HPV vaccine coverage (full cycle), of those born from 2007 to 2010, in the Empoli Territorial Area of Florence (240 thousand inhabitants) under the Center Tuscany Local Health Authority. In February 2022, a project (meetings with general practitioners and pediatricians, communication through local media, increased opening hours of vaccination clinics and continuous monitoring of vaccination status) started to recover the females and males non-compliant; in the first five months, in addition to guaranteeing the offer to the reference cohort, it aimed to recover the 2007, 2008 and 2009 cohorts, while in the following six months the anti-HPV vaccine offer was expanded for the 2010 cohort. RESULTS: In January 2022, for all cohorts the average total coverages were 49.2% (49.1% for females and 49.5% for males), while in December 2022 they were 63.9% (65.8% for females and 62.3% for males). Coverage increased by 15.6% (+14.2% for females and +16.8% for males) for the 2007 birth cohort, by 22.3% (+20.6% for females and +23.7% for males) for the 2008 cohort and by 20.9% (+31.4% for females and +10.6% for males) for the 2009 cohort. CONCLUSIONS: This model in force in the whole Center Tuscany Local Health Authority for a few years and already activated in the previous Local Health Authority of Empoli, now called Empoli Territorial Area, has allowed to implement the Human Papilloma Virus vaccine coverage for both genders.
Injury Patterns and Gender in Italy.
Maietti E, Capodici A, Sanmarchi F … +3 more , Fantini MP, Nante N, Golinelli D
Ann Ig · 2024 · PMID 38639188 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Globally, injuries pose significant public health challenges, with road traffic accidents in particular being responsible for considerable morbidity, mortality, and economic distress. Italy has been signifi...
INTRODUCTION: Globally, injuries pose significant public health challenges, with road traffic accidents in particular being responsible for considerable morbidity, mortality, and economic distress. Italy has been significantly impacted due to its high population density and frequency of road traffic and domestic incidents. METHOD: This study set out to investigate the incidence of self-reported road traffic and home and leisure accidents in the Italian general population. A particular emphasis was placed on exploring possible gender differences across varying age groups. The data was obtained from the European Health Interview Survey and a representative sample of the Italian population was analyzed. RESULTS: The analysis revealed that regardless of age, women experienced a reduced risk of road traffic accidents compared to men. However, gender disparities in home-leisure accidents were observed to be age-dependent. Women under the age of 25 exhibited a lower likelihood of home-leisure accidents and serious accidents necessitating hospital admission in comparison to their male counterparts. In contrast, women aged 65 and above had an increased likelihood of home-leisure accidents as opposed to men in the same age category. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study highlight the importance of considering age and gender as significant factors in the occurrence of different types of accidents, offering insight into how injury rates vary between these demographic groups within Italy.
A snapshot of Physical Education in Italian primary schools: assessing the resources available for an instrument of health promotion.
Valeriani F, Masini A, Baldelli G … +6 more , Dallolio L, Eid L, Lovecchio N, Stefanizzi P, Ursino S, Gallè F
Ann Ig · 2024 · PMID 38567705 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Regular physical activity is crucial in preventing chronic diseases. International health authorities recommend that children and adolescents engage in at least 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical act...
BACKGROUND: Regular physical activity is crucial in preventing chronic diseases. International health authorities recommend that children and adolescents engage in at least 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity per day to achieve health benefits. Offering regular exercise opportunities to young people can promote the development of healthy lifestyles. In 2021, a new regu-lation introduced up to two compulsory hours of Physical Education per week in Italy and established that Physical Education should be entrusted to adequately trained teachers. The present study aimed to assess, from the perspective of the new teachers, the resources available for Physical Education in Italian primary schools. METHODS: A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted among primary school Physical Education teachers during the year 2022-2023. Their opinion about the school resources were analyzed in light of their demographic characteristics and work experience. RESULTS: Out of the 118 participating teachers, 96 (81.3%) reported the presence of a gym in their school. Participants expressed satisfaction with the size and windows of the gym, particularly for the schools of the North, as well as the adequacy of outdoor spaces. However, lower levels of satisfaction for locker rooms and gym small equipment emerged, especially among those teachers with less work experience. CONCLUSIONS: The introduction of the Physical Education teacher figure in Italian primary schools was an important step for health promotion in our country. However, some aspects related to the structural resources should be considered in future policies.
Smartphones' impact on nursing performances: a cross-sectional multicenter study.
Di Simone E, Dionisi S, Giannetta N … +10 more , Panattoni N, De Leo A, Di Mario S, Surace A, Urban J, Liquori G, Napoli C, Montesano M, Di Muzio M, Orsi GB
Ann Ig · 2024 · PMID 38567704 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: In recent years, the technology world has significantly shaped society. This study aims to survey the views of registered nurses with hospital working experience regarding the personal communication devices u...
BACKGROUND: In recent years, the technology world has significantly shaped society. This study aims to survey the views of registered nurses with hospital working experience regarding the personal communication devices use impact in hospital units. The secondary outcome of this study was to identify differences in mobile device use based on demographic and organizational factors. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study by survey. METHODS: The questionnaire comprises 22 items divided into four sections. Overall 778 questionnaires were included in the study, 329 questionnaires were collected on pen-and-paper, whereas 449 by an online survey. RESULTS: Findings showed that smartphones have a different impact on performance, utilization and impact scale according to gender, age and educational attainment. Generally males using more frequently personal communication devices for non-work-related activities affected negatively their working performance by respect to females. Moreover, younger nurses report being more distracted by using smartphones for non-work-related activities than older nurses. At the same time, younger nurses believe that smartphones may lead to an improvement in patient care skills. Nurses with fewer years of service (1 month - 10 years) report being more distracted by non-work-related activities on their smartphones than nurses with more years of service (>20 years). CONCLUSIONS: The smartphone is a potential distraction source. The most exposed groups are the younger nurses' and those with little work experience, and both groups (young age, less experience) can be considered factors for potential distraction.
Vaccine hesitancy in South Tyrol: a narrative review of insights and strategies for public health improvement.
Wiedermann CJ, Barbieri V, Plagg B … +2 more , Piccoliori G, Engl A
Ann Ig · 2024 · PMID 38545675 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: This review examines vaccine hesitancy in South Tyrol, Italy, a region characterized by cultural and linguistic diversity. The critical need for vaccination to control infectious diseases contrasts with the...
INTRODUCTION: This review examines vaccine hesitancy in South Tyrol, Italy, a region characterized by cultural and linguistic diversity. The critical need for vaccination to control infectious diseases contrasts with the region's low vaccination rates, which pose a significant public health challenge. METHODS: Based on literature, reports, and studies, we used PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar to explore vaccine hesitancy in South Tyrol. It emphasizes the analysis of historical, cultural, and socioeconomic factors, and focuses on quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews to understand the roots of vaccine hesitancy. RESULTS: In two studies with four reports, mistrust in health policies and institutions, misinformation, and cultural and linguistic barriers were identified as key factors contributing to vaccine hesitancy in South Tyrol. These factors are accentuated by the region's unique sociopolitical landscape, which influences public health policies and vaccination initiatives. CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight the need for public health strategies specifically tailored to South Tyrol. Recommended actions include developing culturally sensitive and multilingual communication campaigns, increasing community involvement, and rebuilding trust in healthcare systems. These approaches are essential for addressing the specific challenges in South Tyrol, thereby improving vaccine uptake and overall public health outcomes.
Effectiveness of hydrogen peroxide wipes for surface disinfection in healthcare facilities.
Lopuzzo M, Montagna MT, Triggiano F … +1 more , Caggiano G
Ann Ig · 2024 · PMID 38545674 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: The correct method of surface disinfection in hospitals is an essential tool in the fight against the spread of healthcare-associated infections caused by multi-resistant microorganisms. Currently, there ar...
INTRODUCTION: The correct method of surface disinfection in hospitals is an essential tool in the fight against the spread of healthcare-associated infections caused by multi-resistant microorganisms. Currently, there are many disinfectants on the market that can be used against different microorganisms. However, the effectiveness of different active molecules is controversial in the literature. STUDY DESIGN: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of wipes based on hydrogen peroxide (1.0 %) and highly specific plant-based surfactants, contained in H2O2TM (Hi-speed H2O2TM) products, against some hospital-associated microorganisms. METHODS: The effectiveness of the wipes was tested against nosocomial and control strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase, Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida parapsilosis. Specifically, in vitro activity was assessed using three different techniques: stainless steel surface testing, surface diffusion testing and well diffusion test. RESULTS: The three different methods tested confirm the wipes' good effectiveness against the most common multi-resistant bacteria and against fungi. CONCLUSIONS: These data show that the tested wipes could be a valid adjunct to the disinfection process and could assist in the prevention of healthcare-associated infections.
Influenza and Covid-19 Vaccination in 2023: a descriptive analysis in two Italian Research and Teaching Hospitals. Is the On-Site strategy effective?
Perrone PM, Villa S, Raciti GM … +14 more , Clementoni L, Vegro V, Scovenna F, Altavilla A, Tomoiaga AM, Beltrami V, Bruno I, Vaccargiu M, Astorri E, Tiwana N, Letzgus M, Schulz PJ, Pregliasco FE, Castaldi S
Ann Ig · 2024 · PMID 38525974 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Vaccinations represent an extremely effective tool for the prevention of certain infectious diseases - such as influenza and COVID-19 -, particularly for those categories at risk due to both their frail con...
INTRODUCTION: Vaccinations represent an extremely effective tool for the prevention of certain infectious diseases - such as influenza and COVID-19 -, particularly for those categories at risk due to both their frail condition or professional exposure, such as healthcare workers. The aim of this study is to describe the course of the anti-influenza and anti-COVID-19 vaccination campaign at two Research Hospitals in Milan, Italy. STUDY DESIGN: Multicentre, cross-sectional study. METHODS: For the 2023-24 vaccination campaign, the two facilities opted for two different approaches. At the Hospital A, two dif-ferent strategies for vaccinating healthcare workers were implemented: a fixed-site vaccination clinic and two mobile vaccination groups run by Public Health residents of the University of Milan. At the Hospital B, on the other hand, a single fixed-site outpatient clinic run by Public Health residents of the University of Milan was used. On the occasion of the campaign, a survey was also carried out using anonymous online questionnaires to investigate healthcare workers attitudes towards vaccination. RESULTS: A total of 1,937 healthcare workers were vaccinated: 756 were immunized against influenza only, 99 against COVID-19 only, and 1,082 against both. The results show a substantial difference in vaccination adherence among medical and nursing staff compared to other professional categories. In particular, the category with the highest vaccination adhesion turned out to be that of medical doctors with 55.7% adhesion while, on the contrary, the category with the lowest adhesion turned out to be that of auxiliary personnel characterized by 7.4% adhesion. At the same time, the comparison between the two hospital facilities showed a double adherence rate by the staff of Hospital A as regards both the flu vaccine (40.6% and 20.1%) and the anti-COVID-19 vaccine (26.4% and 12.3%). Finally, the survey showed that the attitude towards influenza vaccination is lower among auxiliary staff in terms of both knowledge and vaccination attitude. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the study show a vaccination adherence in line with that of previous years, although lower than the values recommended by the principal national and international Organizations. The analysis of the differences between the two facilities and the surveys carried out will allow for the implementation of targeted interventions to increase adherence in future campaigns.
Screening for colorectal cancer by full colonoscopy in first-degree relatives of colorectal cancer patients: a multicentric study by the Italian League for the Fight against Cancer.
Diedenhofen G, Morgia A, Sinnona N … +12 more , Pacchiarotti A, Fiaschetti A, Forte V, Tosoni M, Liberati F, Boschetto S, Zepponi E, Marogna P, Manca A, Bisail M, Vestri A, Rossi A
Ann Ig · 2024 · PMID 38465396 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer currently presents the third-highest incidence of cancers worldwide, making secondary prevention through screening programs for colorectal cancer, usually by Fecal Occult Blood Testing, an e...
BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer currently presents the third-highest incidence of cancers worldwide, making secondary prevention through screening programs for colorectal cancer, usually by Fecal Occult Blood Testing, an essential preventive medicine intervention. First-degree relatives of colorectal cancer patients are a particularly at-risk group, with indications to consider direct screening by full colonoscopy. Colonoscopy is considered the gold standard for diagnosing colorectal cancer, as it has high sensitivity and specificity, and is both a diagnostic and therapeutic tool. However, it requires significant organizational and financial resources, and has a small but relatively higher risk of complications as opposed to fecal occult blood testing. The present study aimed to assess the appropriateness of a screening program without age restrictions of CRC by full colonoscopy in asymptomatic, first-degree adult relatives of patients with colorectal cancer, aiming both to actively increase screening coverage and to determine the detection rate of precancerous lesions and colorectal cancer in this population. STUDY DESIGN: Uncontrolled interventional study - colorectal cancer screening by full colonoscopy for at-risk population. METHODS: The Italian League for the Fight against Cancer started a colorectal cancer screening program by full colonoscopy for first-degree relatives of colorectal cancer patients in 1998 in the province of Latina, Lazio Region, Italy. The program was expanded to the provinces of Rieti, Lazio Region, and Sassari, Sardinia Region, in 2014 and 2016 respectively, and was concluded in 2018. Subjects were actively and voluntarily recruited by the study's working group. Subjects that had already been subjected to a full colonoscopy in the preceding 5 years were excluded from this study. Identified neoplastic lesions were treated either directly or referred to the Day Hospital setting, and histologically diagnosed following World Health Organization guidelines. RESULTS: In total, 2,288 subjects (age range 15-88, mean 52.3 yrs, M/F = 946/1,204) were screened by colonoscopy, of which 103 (4.5%) were incomplete and 2,173 (95.0%) complete, with data on colonoscopy performance missing for 12 participants. Out of 468 positive outcomes on colonoscopy, diagnosis for 422 (204M/173F), 19.4% of total subjects, was adenomatous polyps and 46 (20M/20F), 2.1% of total subjects, was colorectal cancer. Female sex was a protective factor against a positive test outcome, with a 35% reduction compared to male sex, with OR=0.64 95%CI (0.52-0.80). On the other hand, being over 50 years of age was found to be a risk factor, making a positive outcome more than twice as likely, with OR=2.3 95%CI (1.8-2.9). Subjects over 50 also had significantly more instances of multiple adenomas being found, however the size distribution of found adenomas was not significantly different between subjects under and over 50, despite size being a predictor of risk of neoplastic progression. CONCLUSIONS: Given the high detection rate of precancerous lesions and colorectal cancer in the studied population, it is our opinion that guidelines should continue to recommend earlier and more frequent screening in first-degree relatives of patients with colorectal cancer, and, barring the introduction of more cost-effective and/or lower risk procedures with a similar efficacy profile, maintain the use of colonoscopy as the main screening option.
Decade-long insights: tracking asbestos-related health impacts among formerly exposed workers in Palermo, Italy.
Costantino C, Ledda C, Riccò M … +15 more , Costagliola E, Balsamo F, Belluzzo M, Bonaccorso N, Carubia A, D'Azzo L, Sciortino M, Vitello T, Zagra L, Fruscione S, Ilardo S, Trapani E, Calamusa G, Rapisarda V, Mazzucco W
Ann Ig · 2024 · PMID 38465395 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Asbestos is a foremost occupational carcinogen globally. Despite the prohibition under Law 257/1992, Italy persists as one of the European nations most burdened by asbestos-related diseases (ARDs). This resea...
BACKGROUND: Asbestos is a foremost occupational carcinogen globally. Despite the prohibition under Law 257/1992, Italy persists as one of the European nations most burdened by asbestos-related diseases (ARDs). This research assessed ARD cases in asbestos-exposed workers from the Province of Palermo, Italy, spanning 2010-2021. METHODS: Data acquisition utilized the epidemiological dataset from the 'Service of Prevention and Safety on Work Environment' under the Prevention Department of Palermo's Local Health Authority (LHA). RESULTS: Between 2010 and 2021, we identified 245 ARD instances, comprising 163 Asbestosis/Pleural plaques, 41 Lung Cancers, 38 Mesotheliomas, and 3 unspecified cases. Multivariate analysis indicated a notable decline in temporal exposure for mesothelioma (HR=0.933; 95% CI=0.902-0.965) and lung cancer (HR=0.93; 95% CI=0.90-0.978) relative to pleural plaques/asbestosis. Tobacco use displayed a pronounced correlation with lung cancer (smoker HR=64.520 95% CI=13,075-318.390; former smoker HR=20.917 95% CI=4,913-89.048). A significant link was observed between mesothelioma and pleural plaques/asbestosis in those employed in shipbuilding and repair (HR=0.371 95% CI=0.155-0.892). CONCLUSIONS: ARDs persist in clinical observations, even following the 1992 cessation of asbestos-related activities, emphasizing an enduring public health challenge. Enhancing prevention strategies is paramount, focusing on amplifying anamnestic and occupational data collection, thereby facilitating superior early diagnosis strategies for these maladies in the occupationally exposed cohort.
Exploring future perspectives and pipeline progression in vaccine research and development.
Vecchio R, Gentile L, Tafuri S … +2 more , Costantino C, Odone A
Ann Ig · 2024 · PMID 38436081 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic had a profound impact on vaccines' Research and Development, on vaccines' market, and on immunization programmes and policies. The need to promptly respond to the health emergency boos...
INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic had a profound impact on vaccines' Research and Development, on vaccines' market, and on immunization programmes and policies. The need to promptly respond to the health emergency boostered resources' al-location and innovation, while new technologies were made available. Regulatory procedures were revised and expedited, and global production and distribution capacities significantly increased. Aim of this review is to outline the trajectory of research in vaccinology and vaccines' pipeline, highlighting major challenges and opportunities, and projecting future perspectives in vaccine preventables diseases' prevention and control. STUDY DESIGN: Narrative review. METHODS: We comprehensively consulted key biomedical databases including "Medline" and "Embase", preprint platforms, including"MedRxiv" and "BioRxiv", clinical trial registries, selected grey literature sources and scientific reports. Further data and insights were collected from experts in the field. We first reflect on the impact that the COVID-19 had on vaccines' Research and Development, regulatory frameworks, and market, we then present updated figures of vaccines pipeline, by different technologies, comparatively highlighting advantages and disadvantages. We conclude summarizing future perspectives in vaccines' development and immunizations strategies, outlining key challenges, knowledge gaps and opportunities for prevention strategies. RESULTS: COVID-19 vaccines' development has been largely supported by public funding. New technologies and expetited autho-rization and distribution processes allowed to control the pandemic, leading vaccines' market to grow exponentially. In the post-pandemic era investments in prevention are projected to decrease but advancements in technology offer great potential to future immunization strategies. As of 2023, the vaccine pipeline include almost 1,000 candidates, at different Research and Development phase, including innovative recombinant protein vaccines, nucleic acid vaccines and viral vector vaccines. Vaccines' technology platforms development varies by disease. Overall, vaccinology is progressing towards increasingly safe and effective products that are easily manufacturable and swiftly convertible. CONCLUSIONS: Vaccine research is rapidly evolving, emerging technologies and new immunization models offer public health new tools and large potential to fight vaccines preventables diseases, with promising new platforms and broadened target populations. Real-life data analysis and operational research is needed to evaluate how such potential is exploited in public health practice to improve population health.
Low-intensity rehabilitation in persistent post COVID-19 dyspnoea: the value of Spa health resort as appropriate setting.
Resta E, Quarato CMI, Scioscia G … +9 more , Cuscianna E, Tondo P, Mansueto G, Lulaj E, Sorangelo S, Resta O, Foschino Barbaro MP, Tafuri S, Lacedonia D
Ann Ig · 2024 · PMID 38436080 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Post COVID-19 syndrome is a frequent disabling outcome, leading to a delay in social reintegration and return to working life. STUDY DESIGN: This was a prospective observational cohort study. The main objecti...
BACKGROUND: Post COVID-19 syndrome is a frequent disabling outcome, leading to a delay in social reintegration and return to working life. STUDY DESIGN: This was a prospective observational cohort study. The main objective was to explore the effectiveness of a Spa rehabilitation treatment on the improvement of post COVID-19 dyspnoea and fatigue, also analyzing the relationship between such symptoms. Additionally, it was assessed if different clinical characteristics could predispose patients in experiencing post COVID-19 symptoms or could influence the effectiveness of a Spa intervention. METHODS: From July to November 2021, 187 post COVID-19 patients were enrolled in the study. All the patients complained persi-sting dyspnoea, whose impact on daily activities was assessed using the modified Medical Research Council dyspnoea scale. 144 patients (77.0%) reported also fatigue. The Spa treatment was started at least 3 months after COVID-19 acute phase. At the end of the treatment, patients were asked to rate the improvement in the dyspnoea and fatigue sensation. 118 patients also underwent the modified Borg Dyspnoea Scale for severity estimation of Exertion Dyspnoea and the Barthel index for severity estimation of Physical Limitation. RESULTS: 165 out of 187 patients (88.2%) reported an improvement in dyspnoea, while 116 out 144 patients (80.6%) reported an improvement in both dyspnoea and fatigue. On a total of 118 subjects, a clinically significant improvement in the modified Borg Dyspnoea Scale (i.e. Delta Borg equal or more than -2.0 points) was reached by the 50.8% of patients, while a clinically significant improvement in the Barthel index (i.e. Delta Barthel equal or more than +10.0 points) was reached by the 51.7% of them. The 31.4% of patients reached a minimal clinically important improvement in both the modified Borg Dyspnoea Scale and the Barthel index. No risk factors were associated to a clinically impacting dyspnoea at entry, while a BMI>30 Kg/m2 was the main risk factor for chronic fatigue. Presence of respiratory comorbidities, obesity and severe acute COVID-19 (phenotype 4) configured risk factors for the lack of improvement of dyspnoea after the treatment, while no risk factors were associated to a lack of improvement for fatigue. Older age, obesity and comorbidities seemed to make more difficult to reach a clinically meaningful improvement in the modified Borg Dyspnoea Scale and the Barthel index after treatment. Female gender may imply more physical limitation at entry, while male patients seem to show less improvement in the Barthel index after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Dyspnoea and fatigue were confirmed to be important post COVID-19 symptoms even in younger subjects of wor-king age and subjects with absent or modest pulmonary alterations at distance from acute COVID-19. A Spa health resort seems to be an effective "low-intensity" setting for a rehabilitation program of such patients. There is a strong relationship in terms of improvement between dyspnoea and fatigue, even if risk factors for their occurrence appear to be different. The improvement in exertion dyspnoea and physical limitation seemed to be less mutually related, probably due to a greater complexity in the asses-sment questionnaires. Some risk factors may predict a lack of improvement in symptoms after treatment.
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