BMC Neuroscience[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Mobile brain imaging in butoh dancers: from rehearsals to public performance.
Theofanopoulou C, Paez S, Huber D … +7 more , Todd E, Ramírez-Moreno MA, Khaleghian B, Sánchez AM, Barceló L, Gand V, Contreras-Vidal JL
BMC Neurosci · 2024 Nov · PMID 39506628 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Dissecting the neurobiology of dance would shed light on a complex, yet ubiquitous, form of human communication. In this experiment, we sought to study, via mobile electroencephalography (EEG), the brain acti...
BACKGROUND: Dissecting the neurobiology of dance would shed light on a complex, yet ubiquitous, form of human communication. In this experiment, we sought to study, via mobile electroencephalography (EEG), the brain activity of five experienced dancers while dancing butoh, a postmodern dance that originated in Japan. RESULTS: We report the experimental design, methods, and practical execution of a highly interdisciplinary project that required the collaboration of dancers, engineers, neuroscientists, musicians, and multimedia artists, among others. We explain in detail how we technically validated all our EEG procedures (e.g., via impedance value monitoring) and minimized potential artifacts in our recordings (e.g., via electrooculography and inertial measurement units). We also describe the engineering details and hardware that enabled us to achieve synchronization between signals recorded at different sampling frequencies, along with a signal preprocessing and denoising pipeline that we used for data re-sampling and power line noise removal. As our experiment culminated in a live performance, where we generated a real-time visualization of the dancers' interbrain synchrony on a screen via an artistic brain-computer interface, we outline all the methodology (e.g., filtering, time-windows, equation) we used for online bispectrum estimations. Additionally, we provide access to all the raw EEG data and codes we used in our recordings. We, lastly, discuss how we envision that the data could be used to address several hypotheses, such as that of interbrain synchrony or the motor theory of vocal learning. CONCLUSIONS: Being, to our knowledge, the first study to report synchronous and simultaneous recording from five dancers, we expect that our findings will inform future art-science collaborations, as well as dance-movement therapies.
The social and neural bases of creative movement: workshop overview.
Shamma S, Contreras-Vidal J, Fritz J … +4 more , Lim SS, Tuller B, Edwards E, Iyengar S
BMC Neurosci · 2024 Nov · PMID 39508234 · Full text
This editorial provides a background and overview of the interdisciplinary workshop on "The Social and Neural Bases of Creative Movement," bringing together dancers, choreographers, musicians, artists, kinesiologists and...
This editorial provides a background and overview of the interdisciplinary workshop on "The Social and Neural Bases of Creative Movement," bringing together dancers, choreographers, musicians, artists, kinesiologists and neuroscientists to share perspectives and develop a common language to define and explore the relationship between dance and the brain.
ZA-II-05, a novel NMDA-receptor antagonist reverses vanadium-induced neurotoxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans).
Ladagu A, Olopade F, Chazot P … +9 more , Elufioye T, Luong T, Fuller M, Halprin E, Mckay J, Ates-Alagoz Z, Gilbert T, Adejare A, Olopade J
BMC Neurosci · 2024 Oct · PMID 39468459 · Full text
INTRODUCTION: Vanadium is a widely used transition metal in industrial applications, but it also poses significant neurotoxic and environmental risks. Previous studies have shown that exposure to vanadium may lead to neu...
INTRODUCTION: Vanadium is a widely used transition metal in industrial applications, but it also poses significant neurotoxic and environmental risks. Previous studies have shown that exposure to vanadium may lead to neurodegenerative diseases and neuropathic pain, raising concerns about its impact on human health and the ecosystem. To address vanadium neurotoxicity, through targeting NMDA glutamate and dopamine signaling, both involved in neurodegenerative disorders, shows promise. Using Caenorhabditis elegans as a model, we evaluated a novel compound with a mixed NMDA glutamate receptor-dopamine transporter pharmacology, ZA-II-05 and found it effectively ameliorated vanadium-induced neurotoxicity, suggesting a potential neuroprotective role. METHODS: Synchronized young adult worms were assigned to four different experimental groups; Controls; 100 mM of Vanadium; Vanadium and 1 mg/ml ZA-II-05; and ZA-II-05 alone. These were examined with different markers, including DAPI, MitoTracker Green and MitoSox stains for assessment of nuclei and mitochondrial density and oxidative stress, respectively. RESULTS: Exposure to vanadium in C. elegans resulted in decreased nuclear presence and reduction in mitochondrial content were also analyzed based on fluorescence in the pharyngeal region, signifying an increase in the production of reactive oxygen species, while vanadium co-treatment with ZA-II-05 caused a significant increase in nuclear presence and mitochondrial content. DISCUSSION: Treatment with ZA-II-05 significantly preserved cellular integrity, exhibiting a reversal of the detrimental effects induced by vanadium by modulating and preserving the normal function of chemosensory neurons and downstream signaling pathways. This study provides valuable insights into the mechanisms of vanadium-induced neurotoxicity and offers perspectives for developing therapeutic interventions for neurodegenerative diseases related to environmental toxins.
Structural and functional sex differences in medial temporal lobe subregions at midlife.
Caillaud M, Gallagher I, Foret J … +1 more , Haley AP
BMC Neurosci · 2024 Oct · PMID 39455948 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Research has increasingly recognized sex differences in aging and Alzheimer's Disease (AD) susceptibility. However, sex effects on the medial temporal lobe (MTL), a crucial region affected by aging and AD, re...
BACKGROUND: Research has increasingly recognized sex differences in aging and Alzheimer's Disease (AD) susceptibility. However, sex effects on the medial temporal lobe (MTL), a crucial region affected by aging and AD, remain poorly understood when it comes to the intricacies of morphology and functional connectivity. This study aimed to systematically analyze structural and functional connectivity among MTL subregions, which are known to exhibit documented morphological sex differences, during midlife, occurring before the putative pivotal age of cerebral decline. The study sought to explore the hypothesis that these differences in MTL subregion volumes would manifest in sex-related functional distinctions within the broader brain network. METHODS: 201 cognitively unimpaired adults were included and stratified into four groups according to age and sex (i.e., Women and Men aged 40-50 and 50-60). These participants underwent comprehensive high-resolution structural MRI as well as resting-state functional MRI (rsfMRI). Utilizing established automated segmentation, we delineated MTL subregions and assessed morphological differences through an ANOVA. Subsequently, the CONN toolbox was employed for conducting ROI-to-ROI and Fractional Amplitude of Low-Frequency Fluctuations (fALFF) analyses to investigate functional connectivity within the specific MTL subregions among these distinct groups. RESULTS: Significant differences in volumetric measurements were found primarily between women aged 40-50 and men of all ages, in the posterior hippocampus (pHPC) and the parahippocampal (PHC) cortex (p < 0.001), and, to a lesser extent, between women aged 50-60 and men of all ages (p < 0.05). Other distinctions were observed, but no significant differences in connectivity patterns or fALFF scores were detected between these groups. DISCUSSION: Despite notable sex-related morphological differences in the posterior HPC and PHC regions, women and men appear to share a common pattern of brain connectivity at midlife. Longitudinal analyses are necessary to assess if midlife morphological sex differences in the MTL produce functional changes over time and thus, their potential role in cerebral decline. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.
Exploring sex differences in auditory saliency: the role of acoustic characteristics in bottom-up attention.
Obama N, Sato Y, Kodama N … +4 more , Kodani Y, Nakamura K, Yokozeki A, Nagami S
BMC Neurosci · 2024 Oct · PMID 39448936 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Several cognitive functions are related to sex. However, the relationship between auditory attention and sex remains unclear. The present study aimed to explore sex differences in auditory saliency judgments,...
BACKGROUND: Several cognitive functions are related to sex. However, the relationship between auditory attention and sex remains unclear. The present study aimed to explore sex differences in auditory saliency judgments, with a particular focus on bottom-up type auditory attention. METHODS: Forty-five typical adults (mean age: 21.5 ± 0.64 years) with no known hearing deficits, intelligence abnormalities, or attention deficits were enrolled in this study. They were tasked with annotating attention capturing sounds from five audio clips played in a soundproof room. Each stimulus contained ten salient sounds randomly placed within a 1-min natural soundscape. We conducted a generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) analysis using the number of responses to salient sounds as the dependent variable, sex as the between-subjects factor, duration, maximum loudness, and maximum spectrum of each sound as the within-subjects factor, and each sound event and participant as the variable effect. RESULTS: No significant differences were found between male and female groups in age, hearing threshold, intellectual function, and attention function (all p > 0.05). Analysis confirmed 77 distinct sound events, with individual response rates of 4.0-100%. In a GLMM analysis, the main effect of sex was not statistically significant (p = 0.458). Duration and spectrum had a significant effect on response rate (p = 0.006 and p < 0.001). The effect of loudness was not statistically significant (p = 0.13). CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that male and female listeners do not differ significantly in their auditory saliency judgments based on the acoustic characteristics studied. This finding challenges the notion of inherent sex differences in bottom-up auditory attention and highlights the need for further research to explore other potential factors or conditions under which such differences might emerge.
Retraction Note: MicroRNA expression profile of the hippocampus in a rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy and miR-34a-targeted neuroprotection against hippocampal neurone cell apoptosis post-status epilepticus.
Hu K, Xie YY, Zhang C … +7 more , Ouyang DS, Long HY, Sun DN, Long LL, Feng L, Li Y, Xiao B
BMC Neurosci · 2024 Oct · PMID 39420276 · Full text
Abstract loading — click title to view on PubMed.
Tinnitus is associated with increased extracellular matrix density in the auditory cortex of Mongolian gerbils.
Tziridis K, Maul A, Rasheed J … +3 more , Krauss P, Schilling A, Schulze H
BMC Neurosci · 2024 Oct · PMID 39420272 · Full text
Most scientists agree that subjective tinnitus is the pathological result of an interaction of damage to the peripheral auditory system and central neuroplastic adaptations. Here we investigate such tinnitus related adap...
Most scientists agree that subjective tinnitus is the pathological result of an interaction of damage to the peripheral auditory system and central neuroplastic adaptations. Here we investigate such tinnitus related adaptations in the primary auditory cortex (AC) 7 and 13 days after noise trauma induction of tinnitus by quantifying the density of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the AC of Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus). The ECM density has been shown to be relevant for neuroplastic processes and synaptic stability within the cortex. We utilized a mild monaural acoustic noise trauma in overall 22 gerbils to induce tinnitus and a sham exposure in 16 control (C) animals. Tinnitus was assessed by a behavioral response paradigm. Animals were separated for a presence (T) or absence (NT) of a tinnitus percept by a behavioral task. The ECM density 7 and 13 days after trauma was quantified using immunofluorescence luminance of Wisteria floribunda lectin-fluoresceine-5-isothiocyanate (WFA-FITC) on histological slices of the primary AC, relative to the non-auditory brainstem as a reference area. At both timepoints, we found that the WFA-FITC luminance of the AC of NT animals was not significantly different from that of C animals. However, we found a significant increase of luminance in T animals' ACs compared to NT or C animals' cortices. This effect was found exclusively on the AC side contralateral to the trauma ear. These results point to a hemisphere specific process of stabilization of synaptic connections in primary AC, which may be involved in the chronic manifestation of tinnitus.
Making sense together: dance improvisation as a framework for a collaborative interdisciplinary learning processes.
Nelson L, Laroche J, Figueiredo N … +3 more , Fiadeiro J, Dumit J, Bachrach A
BMC Neurosci · 2024 Oct · PMID 39415083 · Full text
This editorial outlines the outcome of an interdisciplinary session on collective sense-making through dance improvisation, which took place during the 'Neural and Social Bases of Creative Movement' workshop. We argue th...
This editorial outlines the outcome of an interdisciplinary session on collective sense-making through dance improvisation, which took place during the 'Neural and Social Bases of Creative Movement' workshop. We argue that joint improvisation practices place the scientist in a privileged position to reveal the nature of cognitive and creative behaviors.
Correction to: Simulated complexes formed from a set of postsynaptic proteins suggest a localised effect of a hypomorphic Shank mutation.
Miski M, Weber Á, Fekete-Molnár K … +3 more , Keömley-Horváth BM, Csikász-Nagy A, Gáspári Z
BMC Neurosci · 2024 Oct · PMID 39385071 · Full text
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Neuroprotective effects of psilocybin in a rat model of stroke.
Yu SJ, Wu KJ, Wang YS … +4 more , Bae E, Chianelli F, Bambakidis N, Wang Y
BMC Neurosci · 2024 Oct · PMID 39379834 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Psilocybin is a psychedelic 5HT2A receptor agonist found in "magic mushrooms". Recent studies have indicated that 5HT2A agonists, such as dimethyltryptamine, given before middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCA...
BACKGROUND: Psilocybin is a psychedelic 5HT2A receptor agonist found in "magic mushrooms". Recent studies have indicated that 5HT2A agonists, such as dimethyltryptamine, given before middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo), improve staircase behavior, increased BDNF expression, and reduce brain infarction in stroke rats. The objective of this study is to determine the protective effect of psilocybin in cellular and animal models of stroke. METHODS: Adult male and timed-pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were used for this study. The neural protective effects of psilocybin were determined in primary rat cortical neurons and adult rats. Rats were subjected to a 60-min middle cerebral artery occlusion. Brain tissues were collected for histological and qRTPCR analysis. RESULTS: Psilocybin reduced glutamate-mediated neuronal loss in rat primary cortical neuronal cultures. Psilocybin-mediated protection in culture was antagonized by the BDNF inhibitor ANA12. Pretreatment with psilocybin reduced brain infarction and neurological deficits in stroke rats. Early post-treatment with psilocybin improved locomotor behavior, upregulated the expression of MAP2 and synaptophysin, and down-regulated the expression of IBA1 in the stroke brain. ANA12 significantly attenuated psilocybin-mediated reduction in brain infarction and improvements in locomotor behavior. CONCLUSIONS: Psilocybin reduced brain infarction and improved locomotor behavior in stroke rats; the protective mechanisms involve regulating BDNF expression. Our data support a novel therapeutic approach of psilocybin in stroke.
Vocal usage learning and vocal comprehension learning in harbor seals.
Duengen D, Jadoul Y, Ravignani A
BMC Neurosci · 2024 Oct · PMID 39367300 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Which mammals show vocal learning abilities, e.g., can learn new sounds, or learn to use sounds in new contexts? Vocal usage and comprehension learning are submodules of vocal learning. Specifically, vocal us...
BACKGROUND: Which mammals show vocal learning abilities, e.g., can learn new sounds, or learn to use sounds in new contexts? Vocal usage and comprehension learning are submodules of vocal learning. Specifically, vocal usage learning is the ability to learn to use a vocalization in a new context; vocal comprehension learning is the ability to comprehend a vocalization in a new context. Among mammals, harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) are good candidates to investigate vocal learning. Here, we test whether harbor seals are capable of vocal usage and comprehension learning. RESULTS: We trained two harbor seals to (i) switch contexts from a visual to an auditory cue. In particular, the seals first produced two vocalization types in response to two hand signs; they then transitioned to producing these two vocalization types upon the presentation of two distinct sets of playbacks of their own vocalizations. We then (ii) exposed the seals to a combination of trained and novel vocalization stimuli. In a final experiment, (iii) we broadcasted only novel vocalizations of the two vocalization types to test whether seals could generalize from the trained set of stimuli to only novel items of a given vocal category. Both seals learned all tasks and took ≤ 16 sessions to succeed across all experiments. In particular, the seals showed contextual learning through switching the context from former visual to novel auditory cues, vocal matching and generalization. Finally, by responding to the played-back vocalizations with distinct vocalizations, the animals showed vocal comprehension learning. CONCLUSIONS: It has been suggested that harbor seals are vocal learners; however, to date, these observations had not been confirmed in controlled experiments. Here, through three experiments, we could show that harbor seals are capable of both vocal usage and comprehension learning.
Tactile stimulation designs adapted to clinical settings result in reliable fMRI-based somatosensory digit maps.
Steinbach T, Eck J, Timmers I … +4 more , Biggs EE, Goebel R, Schweizer R, Kaas AL
BMC Neurosci · 2024 Oct · PMID 39354349 · Full text
Movement constraints in stroke survivors are often accompanied by additional impairments in related somatosensory perception. A complex interplay between the primary somatosensory and motor cortices is essential for adeq...
Movement constraints in stroke survivors are often accompanied by additional impairments in related somatosensory perception. A complex interplay between the primary somatosensory and motor cortices is essential for adequate and precise movements. This necessitates investigating the role of the primary somatosensory cortex in movement deficits of stroke survivors. The first step towards this goal could be a fast and reliable functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)-based mapping of the somatosensory cortex applicable for clinical settings. Here, we compare two 3 T fMRI-based somatosensory digit mapping techniques adapted for clinical usage in seven neurotypical volunteers and two sessions, to assess their validity and retest-reliability. Both, the traveling wave and the blocked design approach resulted in complete digit maps in both sessions of all participants, showing the expected layout. Similarly, no evidence for differences in the volume of activation, nor the activation overlap between neighboring activations could be detected, indicating the general feasibility of the clinical adaptation and their validity. Retest-reliability, indicated by the Dice coefficient, exhibited reasonable values for the spatial correspondence of single digit activations across sessions, but low values for the spatial correspondence of the area of overlap between neighboring digits across sessions. Parameters describing the location of the single digit activations exhibited very high correlations across sessions, while activation volume and overlap only exhibited medium to low correlations. The feasibility and high retest-reliabilities for the parameters describing the location of the single digit activations are promising concerning the implementation into a clinical context to supplement diagnosis and treatment stratification in upper limb stroke patients.
Thymoquinone ameliorate oxidative stress, GABAergic neuronal depletion and memory impairment through Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway in the dentate gyrus following cypermethrin administration.
Imam AL, Okesina AA, Sulaimon FA … +8 more , Imam A, Ibiyeye RY, Oyewole LA, Biliaminu SA, Shehu M, Alli AO, Omoola OO, Ajao SM
BMC Neurosci · 2024 Sep · PMID 39333878 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Exposure to chemical toxins, including insecticides, harms bodily organs like the brain. This study examined the neuroprotective of thymoquinone on the cypermethrin's harmful effects on the histoarchitecture...
BACKGROUND: Exposure to chemical toxins, including insecticides, harms bodily organs like the brain. This study examined the neuroprotective of thymoquinone on the cypermethrin's harmful effects on the histoarchitecture of the dentate gyrus and motor deficit in the dentate gyrus. METHODS: Forty adult male rats (180-200 g) were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 8 per group). Groups I, II, III, IV, and V received oral administration of 0.5 ml of phosphate-buffered saline, cypermethrin (20 mg/kg), thymoquinone (10 mg/kg), cypermethrin (20 mg/kg) + thymoquinone (5 mg/kg), and cypermethrin (20 mg/kg) + thymoquinone (10 mg/kg) for 14 days respectively. The novel object recognition test that assesses intermediate-term memory was done on days 14 and 21 of the experiment. At the end of these treatments, the animals were euthanized and taken for cytoarchitectural (hematoxylin and eosin; Cresyl violet) and immunohistochemical studies (Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), Parvalbumin, and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2). RESULT: The study shows that thymoquinone at 5 and 10 mg/kg improved Novelty preference and discrimination index. Thymoquinone enhanced Nissl body integrity, increased GABBAergic interneuron expression, nuclear factor erythroid 2-derived factor 2, and enhanced Bcl-2 expression in the dentate gyrus. It also improved the concentration of nuclear factor erythroid 2-derived factor 2, increased the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione, and decreased the concentration of malondialdehyde level against cypermethrin-induced neurotoxicity. CONCLUSION: thymoquinone could be a therapeutic agent against cypermethrin poisoning.
Distinct connectivity patterns in bipolar and unipolar depression: a functional connectivity multivariate pattern analysis study.
Pastrnak M, Klirova M, Bares M … +1 more , Novak T
BMC Neurosci · 2024 Sep · PMID 39333843 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) exhibit depressive episodes with similar symptoms despite having different and poorly understood underlying neurobiology, often leading...
BACKGROUND: Patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) exhibit depressive episodes with similar symptoms despite having different and poorly understood underlying neurobiology, often leading to misdiagnosis and improper treatment. This exploratory study examined whole-brain functional connectivity (FC) using FC multivariate pattern analysis (fc-MVPA) to identify the FC patterns with the greatest ability to distinguish between currently depressed patients with BD type I (BD I) and those with MDD. METHODOLOGY: In a cross-sectional design, 41 BD I, 40 MDD patients and 63 control participants completed resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans. Data-driven fc-MVPA, as implemented in the CONN toolbox, was used to identify clusters with differential FC patterns between BD patients and MDD patients. The identified cluster was used as a seed in a post hoc seed-based analysis (SBA) to reveal associated connectivity patterns, followed by a secondary ROI-to-ROI analysis to characterize differences in connectivity between these patterns among BD I patients, MDD patients and controls. RESULTS: FC-MVPA identified one cluster located in the right frontal pole (RFP). The subsequent SBA revealed greater FC between the RFP and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and between the RFP and the left inferior/middle temporal gyrus (LI/MTG) and lower FC between the RFP and the left precentral gyrus (LPCG), left lingual gyrus/occipital cortex (LLG/OCC) and right occipital cortex (ROCC) in MDD patients than in BD patients. Compared with the controls, ROI-to-ROI analysis revealed lower FC between the RFP and the PCC and greater FC between the RFP and the LPCG, LLG/OCC and ROCC in BD patients; in MDD patients, the analysis revealed lower FC between the RFP and the LLG/OCC and ROCC and greater FC between the RFP and the LI/MTG. CONCLUSIONS: Differences in the RFP FC patterns between currently depressed patients with BD and those with MDD suggest potential neuroimaging markers that should be further examined. Specifically, BD patients exhibit increased FC between the RFP and the motor and visual networks, which is associated with psychomotor symptoms and heightened compensatory frontoparietal FC to counter distractibility. In contrast, MDD patients exhibit increased FC between the RFP and the default mode network, corresponding to sustained self-focus and rumination.
Dorsal root ganglion inflammation by oxaliplatin toxicity: DPEP1 as possible target for peripheral neuropathy prevention.
Álvarez-Tosco K, González-Fernández R, González-Nicolás MÁ … +9 more , Martín-Ramírez R, Morales M, Gutiérrez R, Díaz-Flores L, Arnau MR, Machín F, Ávila J, Lázaro A, Martín-Vasallo P
BMC Neurosci · 2024 Sep · PMID 39278931 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Peripheral neuropathy (PN) constitutes a dose-limiting side effect of oxaliplatin chemotherapy that often compromises the efficacy of antineoplastic treatments. Sensory neurons damage in dorsal root ganglia (...
BACKGROUND: Peripheral neuropathy (PN) constitutes a dose-limiting side effect of oxaliplatin chemotherapy that often compromises the efficacy of antineoplastic treatments. Sensory neurons damage in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) are the cellular substrate of PN complex molecular origin. Dehydropeptidase-1 (DPEP1) inhibitors have shown to avoid platin-induced nephrotoxicity without compromising its anticancer efficiency. The objective of this study was to describe DPEP1 expression in rat DRG in health and in early stages of oxaliplatin toxicity. To this end, we produced and characterized anti-DPEP1 polyclonal antibodies and used them to define the expression, and cellular and subcellular localization of DPEP1 by immunohistochemical confocal microscopy studies in healthy controls and short term (six days) oxaliplatin treated rats. RESULTS: DPEP1 is expressed mostly in neurons and in glia, and to a lesser extent in endothelial cells. Rats undergoing oxaliplatin treatment developed allodynia. TNF-𝛼 expression in DRG revealed a pattern of focal and at different intensity levels of neural cell inflammatory damage, accompanied by slight variations in DPEP1 expression in endothelial cells and in nuclei of neurons. CONCLUSIONS: DPEP1 is expressed in neurons, glia and endothelial cells of DRG. Oxaliplatin caused allodynia in rats and increased TNF-α expression in DRG neurons. The expression of DPEP1 in neurons and other cells of DRG suggest this protein as a novel strategic molecular target in the prevention of oxaliplatin-induced acute neurotoxicity.
The reliability and validity of rapid transcranial magnetic stimulation mapping for muscles under active contraction.
Chowdhury NS, Chang WJ, Cavaleri R … +2 more , Chiang AKI, Schabrun SM
BMC Neurosci · 2024 Aug · PMID 39215217 · Full text
Rapid mapping is a transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) mapping method which can significantly reduce data collection time compared to traditional approaches. However, its validity and reliability has only been establ...
Rapid mapping is a transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) mapping method which can significantly reduce data collection time compared to traditional approaches. However, its validity and reliability has only been established for upper-limb muscles during resting-state activity. Here, we determined the validity and reliability of rapid mapping for non-upper limb muscles that require active contraction during TMS: the masseter and quadriceps muscles. Eleven healthy participants attended two sessions, spaced two hours apart, each involving rapid and 'traditional' mapping of the masseter muscle and three quadriceps muscles (rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis). Map parameters included map volume, map area and centre of gravity (CoG) in the medial-lateral and anterior-posterior directions. Low to moderate measurement errors (%SEM = 10-32) were observed across muscles. Relative reliability varied from good-to-excellent (ICC = 0.63-0.99) for map volume, poor-to-excellent (ICC = 0.11-0.86) for map area, and fair-to-excellent for CoG (ICC = 0.25-0.8) across muscles. There was Bayesian evidence of equivalence (BF's > 3) in most map outcomes between rapid and traditional maps across all muscles, supporting the validity of the rapid mapping method. Overall, rapid TMS mapping produced similar estimates of map parameters to the traditional method, however the reliability results were mixed. As mapping of non-upper limb muscles is relatively challenging, rapid mapping is a promising substitute for traditional mapping, however further work is required to refine this method.
Neuroethics and AI ethics: a proposal for collaboration.
Salles A, Farisco M
BMC Neurosci · 2024 Aug · PMID 39210267 · Full text
The scientific relationship between neuroscience and artificial intelligence is generally acknowledged, and the role that their long history of collaboration has played in advancing both fields is often emphasized. Beyon...
The scientific relationship between neuroscience and artificial intelligence is generally acknowledged, and the role that their long history of collaboration has played in advancing both fields is often emphasized. Beyond the important scientific insights provided by their collaborative development, both neuroscience and AI raise a number of ethical issues that are generally explored by neuroethics and AI ethics. Neuroethics and AI ethics have been gaining prominence in the last few decades, and they are typically carried out by different research communities. However, considering the evolving landscape of AI-assisted neurotechnologies and the various conceptual and practical intersections between AI and neuroscience-such as the increasing application of AI in neuroscientific research, the healthcare of neurological and mental diseases, and the use of neuroscientific knowledge as inspiration for AI-some scholars are now calling for a collaborative relationship between these two domains. This article seeks to explore how a collaborative relationship between neuroethics and AI ethics can stimulate theoretical and, ideally, governance efforts. First, we offer some reasons for calling for the collaboration of the ethical reflection on neuroscientific innovations and AI. Next, we explore some dimensions that we think could be enhanced by the cross-fertilization between these two subfields of ethics. We believe that considering the pace and increasing fusion of neuroscience and AI in the development of innovations, broad and underspecified calls for responsibility that do not consider insights from different ethics subfields will only be partially successful in promoting meaningful changes in both research and applications.
Neural acetylcholinesterase and monoamine oxidase deregulation during streptozotocin-induced behavioral, metabolic and redox modification in Nauphoeta cinerea.
Ogunsuyi OB, Olagoke OC, Famutimi ME … +5 more , Olatunde DM, Souza DOG, Oboh G, Barbosa NV, Rocha JBT
BMC Neurosci · 2024 Aug · PMID 39210265 · Full text
Genetic and environmental factors have been linked with neurodegeneration, especially in the elderly. Yet, efforts to impede neurodegenerative processes have at best addressed symptoms instead of underlying pathologies....
Genetic and environmental factors have been linked with neurodegeneration, especially in the elderly. Yet, efforts to impede neurodegenerative processes have at best addressed symptoms instead of underlying pathologies. The gap in the understanding of neuro-behavioral plasticity is consistent from insects to mammals, and cockroaches have been proven to be effective models for studying the toxicity mechanisms of various chemicals. We therefore used head injection of 74 and 740 nmol STZ in Nauphoeta cinerea to elucidate the mechanisms of chemical-induced neurotoxicity, as STZ is known to cross the blood-brain barrier. Neurolocomotor assessment was carried out in a new environment, while head homogenate was used to estimate metabolic, neurotransmitter and redox activities, followed by RT-qPCR validation of relevant cellular signaling. STZ treatment reduced the distance and maximum speed travelled by cockroaches, and increased glucose levels while reducing triglyceride levels in neural tissues. The activity of neurotransmitter regulators - AChE and MAO was exacerbated, with concurrent upregulation of glucose sensing and signaling, and increased mRNA levels of redox regulators and inflammation-related genes. Consequently, STZ neurotoxicity is conserved in insects, with possible implications for using N. cinerea to target the multi-faceted mechanisms of neurodegeneration and test potential anti-neurodegenerative agents.
Modulation of audiovisual integration in the left and right sides: effects of side and spatial coherency.
Wen X, Li G, Wang X … +2 more , Hu X, Yang H
BMC Neurosci · 2024 Aug · PMID 39192193 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Using event-related potentials (ERPs), we aimed to investigate audiovisual integration neural mechanisms during a letter identification task in the left and right sides. Unimodal (A,V) and bimodal (AV) stimul...
BACKGROUND: Using event-related potentials (ERPs), we aimed to investigate audiovisual integration neural mechanisms during a letter identification task in the left and right sides. Unimodal (A,V) and bimodal (AV) stimuli were presented on either side, with ERPs from unimodal (A,V) stimuli on the same side being compared to those from simultaneous bimodal stimuli (AV). Non-zero results of the AV-(A + V) difference waveforms indicated audiovisual integration on the left/right side. RESULTS: When spatially coherent AV stimuli were presented on the right side, two significant ERP components in the integrated differential wave were noted. The N134 and N262, present in the first 300 ms of the AV-(A + V) integration difference wave, indicated significant audiovisual integration effects. However, when these stimuli were presented on the left side, there were no significant integration components. This audiovisual integration difference may stem from left/right asymmetry of cerebral hemisphere language processing. CONCLUSIONS: Audiovisual letter information presented on the right side was easier to integrate, process, and represent. Additionally, only one significant integrative component peaked at 140 ms in the parietal cortex for spatially non-coherent AV stimuli and provided audiovisual multisensory integration, which could be attributed to some integrative neural processes that depend on the spatial congruity of the auditory and visual stimuli.
Comparative analysis of the effects of the computer-based and paper-based trail making tests on oxygenation in the prefrontal cortex.
Xiang LS, Zhang JN, Xie F … +4 more , Fei X, Wang Y, Shi Y, Zhang Y
BMC Neurosci · 2024 Aug · PMID 39187754 · Full text
The trail making test (TMT) is a commonly used tool for evaluating executive functions, and the activation of cerebral oxygenation in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) during the test can reflect the participation of executive...
The trail making test (TMT) is a commonly used tool for evaluating executive functions, and the activation of cerebral oxygenation in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) during the test can reflect the participation of executive function. This study aimed to compare the differences in cerebral oxygenation in the PFC between the computer- and paper-based versions of the TMT and provide a theoretical basis for the optimization and clinical application of the computer-based version. A total of 32 healthy adult participants completed the computer- and paper-based TMT Types A and B. Cerebral oxygenation changes in the PFC were monitored during the experiment using near-infrared spectroscopy. Moreover, average changes in oxyhemoglobin (Δoxy-Hb) levels at the baseline and during activation periods in different types of testing were compared and analyzed. The number of correct connections in the computer-based version Type B was less than that in the paper-based version Type B (p < .001). The task time of the computer-based version was longer than that of the paper-based version (p < .001). The B/A ratio of the number of correct connections in the computer-based version was lower than that in the paper-based version (p < .001). The Δoxy-Hb in the PFC of the paper-based version was higher than that of the computer-based version (p < .001). Significant differences in oxygenation in the PFC were observed between the paper- and computer-based versions of TMT. After further improvement and correction in the subsequent development of the computer-based TMT, and taking into account the psychological feelings and preferences of the participants when performing different versions of the TMTs, the computer-based TMT is expected to play a good auxiliary role in clinical evaluation.
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