Clinical Laboratory[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
A Case Report of an Elderly Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Complicated with Fulminant Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.
Qiu Z, Hong P
Clin Lab · 2026 Jan · PMID 41543090 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus (FT1DM) is a new subtype of type 1 diabetes mellitus, first proposed by Japanese scholars. Its main clinical features include acute onset (< 1 week), pancreatic islet functi...
BACKGROUND: Fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus (FT1DM) is a new subtype of type 1 diabetes mellitus, first proposed by Japanese scholars. Its main clinical features include acute onset (< 1 week), pancreatic islet function failure, negative islet-related autoantibodies, and concurrent ketosis or diabetic ketoacidosis. A recent study in Japan indicated that the incidence of FT1DM accounts for 15 - 20% of all ketosis or ketoacidosis-related type 1 diabetes mellitus. However, cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with FT1DM are rarely reported. METHODS: A comprehensive analysis of the clinical characteristics and diagnosis-treatment process was conducted by monitoring key indicators such as the patient's blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, pancreatic islet function, amylase levels, and diabetic autoantibodies, and integrating this data with the patient's medical history and relevant literature. RESULTS: The patient was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians should enhance their understanding of fulminant type 1 diabetes to achieve early diagnosis and treatment.
A Case Report of Coagulation Factor XII Deficiency.
Li X, Li Q
Clin Lab · 2026 Jan · PMID 41543089 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Coagulation factor XII (FXII) deficiency is a rare coagulation disorder, often incidentally detected during routine physical examinations, invasive procedures, or preoperative screenings, with no specific cli...
BACKGROUND: Coagulation factor XII (FXII) deficiency is a rare coagulation disorder, often incidentally detected during routine physical examinations, invasive procedures, or preoperative screenings, with no specific clinical manifestations. Here, we report a case of FXII deficiency. METHODS: A 46-year-old female patient was found to have unexplained prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) during routine preoperative testing, without clinical bleeding symptoms. We performed an APTT mixing study, anti-cardiolipin antibody (ACA) testing, anti-β2-glycoprotein 1 (anti-β2-GP1) antibody testing, lupus anticoagulant (LA) screening, and coagulation factor assays to determine the cause of APTT prolongation. RESULTS: The APTT mixing study showed correction result. Coagulation factor assays revealed significantly reduced FXII activity (0.1%), while factors XI, X, II, VIII, IX, V, and VII levels were elevated. ACA (IgA/IgG/IgM) and anti-β2-GP1 antibodies (IgA/IgG/IgM) were negative. LA testing by dilute Russell's viper venom time (dRVVT) was negative, and the silica clotting time (SCT) suggested factor deficiency rather than an inhibitor. These findings confirmed that the patient's prolonged APTT was due to FXII deficiency. CONCLUSIONS: When prolonged APTT is observed in a patient without bleeding symptoms, laboratory personnel should consider the possibility of FXII deficiency.
Idiopathic Pulmonary Hemosiderosis Characterized by Recurrent Infections and Anemia.
Yu F
Clin Lab · 2026 Jan · PMID 41543088 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis (IPH) is a rare condition characterized by recurrent alveolar bleeding, hemosiderin deposition, and pulmonary fibrosis, predominantly affecting children. Its diagnosis and m...
BACKGROUND: Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis (IPH) is a rare condition characterized by recurrent alveolar bleeding, hemosiderin deposition, and pulmonary fibrosis, predominantly affecting children. Its diagnosis and management are complex. METHODS: A case involving a 3-year-old female patient with iron deficiency anemia and recurrent pneumonia was analyzed supported by laboratory and imaging investigations. Clinical symptoms included nausea, fever, and pallor. RESULTS: Initial evaluations indicated moderate anemia (HGB 73 g/L) and signs of infection, with imaging revealing diffuse ground-glass opacities. Following the exclusion of other conditions, a diagnosis of IPH was established, and comprehensive treatment resulted in notable clinical improvement. CONCLUSIONS: This case underscores the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration in diagnosing and managing IPH, particularly in pediatric patients, to enhance outcomes and quality of life.
Pulmonary Cryptococcosis in an Immunocompetent Patient: Negative mNGS but Positive Antigen Test.
Ji HL, Liu R, Li XR … +4 more , Luo JF, Nie CX, Fu AS, Ge YL
Clin Lab · 2026 Jan · PMID 41543087 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Pulmonary cryptococcosis is common in patients with immunodeficiency, application of immunosuppressive and cytotoxic drugs. Its incidence has increased in recent years, with a greater number of patients with...
BACKGROUND: Pulmonary cryptococcosis is common in patients with immunodeficiency, application of immunosuppressive and cytotoxic drugs. Its incidence has increased in recent years, with a greater number of patients with no underlying disease or history of exposure, and a greater number of immunocompetent patients. Its clinical presentation lacks specificity and imaging features are atypical, making it easy to misdiagnose or miss the diagnosis. METHODS: Diagnosis was confirmed by serum cryptococcal antigen after negative bronchoalveolar lavage fluid mNGS in an immunocompetent patient with atypical radiological findings. RESULTS: We present a 53-year-old female patient with pulmonary cryptococcosis who was immunocompetent, had atypical imaging, and was diagnosed by a negative bronchoalveolar lavage fluid mNGS test and confirmed by cryptococcal pod antigen test. CONCLUSIONS: By analyzing and discussing the diagnosis and treatment process of the patient with cryptococcosis, we aim to strengthen clinicians' knowledge and diagnosis and treatment ability of pulmonary cryptococcosis in order to improve the early diagnosis and treatment rate of this disease and reduce misdiagnosis or omission.
Rare Coexistence of Myelodysplastic Neoplasm and CD4 T-cell Lymphoproliferation.
Choi Y, Kim M, Chu D … +6 more , Cho YU, Hwang SH, Seo EJ, Choi EJ, Park HS, Jang S
Clin Lab · 2026 Jan · PMID 41543086 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Myelodysplastic neoplasms (MDS) are characterized by cytopenia and morphologic dysplasia in myeloid cells and are considered a disease of the myeloid lineage. MDS with concurrent lymphoid clonality is rare an...
BACKGROUND: Myelodysplastic neoplasms (MDS) are characterized by cytopenia and morphologic dysplasia in myeloid cells and are considered a disease of the myeloid lineage. MDS with concurrent lymphoid clonality is rare and mostly occurs in CD8 T-cells. METHODS: We evaluated a 74-year-old man who presented with anemia and lymphocytosis using peripheral blood immunophenotyping, bone marrow examination, and next-generation sequencing. RESULTS: The patient was diagnosed with MDS with low blasts and an SF3B1 mutation (MDS-SF3B1), concurrent with clonal CD4 T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder, supported by TCR gene rearrangement and distinct mutation profiles. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first reported case of MDS-SF3B1 coexisting with clonal CD4 T-cell proliferation.
Artificial Intelligence as a Catalyst for Advancements in Medical Virology.
Ibrahim MN
Clin Lab · 2026 Jan · PMID 41543085 · Publisher ↗
Artificial intelligence (AI), including machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL), has become a crucial element in medical virology, transforming the research and treatment of viral illnesses. AI is transforming viral...
Artificial intelligence (AI), including machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL), has become a crucial element in medical virology, transforming the research and treatment of viral illnesses. AI is transforming viral research and clinical practice by improving genomic analysis, diagnostic accuracy, treatment innovation, and epidemiological modeling. AI's contributions are significant and extensive, encompassing the analysis of intricate viral genomes, the expedited development of antiviral treatments, and the forecasting of disease evolution. Notwithstanding obstacles like data privacy, algorithmic bias, and ethical dilemmas, the amalgamation of AI with advanced technologies, including quantum computing and protein language models, is poised to herald a new epoch of virological advancement. This letter emphasizes the necessity for interdisciplinary collaboration to use AI's transformational capabilities while maintaining stringent ethical monitoring in combating viral infections.
Serological Detection of IgG in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Against EBV, HSV-1, VZV: Evaluating Immunity and Past Infection.
Almehmadi M, Alshalawi R, Alzahrani S … +3 more , Alqurashi G, Al-Kasi JA, Allahyani M
Clin Lab · 2026 Jan · PMID 41543084 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: The goal was to explore the seroprevalence in order to evaluate past infections and immunity status in type 2 diabetic individuals compared to the seroprevalence of the common members of Herpesviridae family...
BACKGROUND: The goal was to explore the seroprevalence in order to evaluate past infections and immunity status in type 2 diabetic individuals compared to the seroprevalence of the common members of Herpesviridae family viruses. METHODS: One hundred and fifty individuals (50 females, 100 males) were enrolled in this study, all from Taif city. Samples were collected by drawing 3 mL of peripheral blood into the yellow cap tubes for serum collection. The samples were collected between the 3rd and the 8th of February 2025. IgG serostatus was evaluated by using Synergy Neo2 microplate reader at a wavelength of 450 nm. Chi-squared test was applied for statistical analysis pur-poses. RESULTS: High IgG titer was detected among our study group, which is indicative of recent infection or vaccination. HSV-1 IgG seropositivity was higher in males (90%) than females (76%); VZV IgG seropositivity was lower in males (82%) than females (86%), while EBV IgG seropositivity was higher in males (82%) than females (58%). Different IgG titers were detected among the study groups, and coinfection were detected in 54% for HSV-1/VZV, 28% for EBV/VZV, 15.4% for HSV-1/EBV, and 14% among all three viruses. CONCLUSIONS: Our study assessed the seropositivity of VZV, HSV-1, and EBV in T2DM patients. The prevalence among them was lower than other studies. Gender-based differences were detected as most detected cases were males except in VZV females were higher, coinfection is common among two viruses or the three together, indicating the essential importance of targeted regular screening and vaccination of T2DM patients.
Immunohistochemical Profiles of p53 and ER in Relation to Lesion Type, Tumor Grade, and Pathological Features in Endometrial Cancer.
Jafri I, Alsharif G, El-Sharnouby M … +3 more , Elesawy BH, Mehanna OM, Askary AE
Clin Lab · 2026 Jan · PMID 41543083 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: The goal was to assess the pathological measurements of estrogen receptor (ER) and p53 expression in tissues of uterine endometrial carcinoma and their relationship to various clinicopathologic parameters tha...
BACKGROUND: The goal was to assess the pathological measurements of estrogen receptor (ER) and p53 expression in tissues of uterine endometrial carcinoma and their relationship to various clinicopathologic parameters that influence prognosis. METHODS: The current study included 40 cases of endometrial carcinoma in total hysterectomy samples obtained from the preservation documents of the Al Azhar University Hospitals along with certain privately operated laboratories between April 2023 and April 2025. Each of the samples was formalin-fixed, subsequently processed and placed inside paraffin blocks. Several serial 5-micron thick sections were extracted from the samples' paraffin blocks; one was stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histopathological analysis to figure out tumor histology, grade, and lymphovascular invasion, whereas the remaining sections were put on positively charged slides and im-munostained with mouse monoclonal antibodies against p53, as well as rabbit monoclonal antibodies against ER. RESULTS: The mean age of the study group was 52.20 ± 12.25 years ranging from 38 - 69; 25 (62.5%) had type I lesions and 15 (37.5%) had type II lesions. Twenty-six (65.0%) had wild (normal) IHC: p53 and 14 (35.0%) had mutant (abnormal) IHC: p53. Eleven (27.5%) were negative for IHC: ER and 29 (72.5%) were positive for IHC: ER. There was highly statistically significant association between IHC: p53 and type of lesions (p = 0.001) and statistically significant association between IHC: p53 and grade of pathology (p = 0.007). There were highly statistically significant associations between IHC: ER and lesions (p = 0.001), lymphovascular invasion (p = 0.001) and statistically significant association between IHC: ER and grade of pathology (p = 0.013). There was statistically significant association between IHC: p53 and IHC: ER (p = 0.014). CONCLUSIONS: p53 and ER markers were discovered to have a pathological significance in EC. There is a link among these markers and other clinicopathological predictive measures, suggesting that they could serve as possibly beneficial biomarkers.
Prognostic Impact of Preoperative Tumor Markers in Patients with Colorectal Carcinoma.
Elesawy BH, Elmissbah TE, Sharnouby ME … +7 more , Mehanna O, Raafat BM, Hassan KE, Elmorsy EA, Imad M, Badr SA, Askary AE
Clin Lab · 2026 Jan · PMID 41543082 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between preoperative CA19-9, CEA, CA125, and AFP levels of and prognosis for patients diagnosed with colorectal carcinoma. METHODS: This was a retrospective study,...
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between preoperative CA19-9, CEA, CA125, and AFP levels of and prognosis for patients diagnosed with colorectal carcinoma. METHODS: This was a retrospective study, which involved 400 CRC patients treated with radical resection between January 2022 and December 2024 and categorized into two groups: development (n = 280) and validation (n = 120). Clinicopathological data, including age, gender, operative method, tumor size, tumor location, TNM stage, CA19-9, CEA, CA125, and AFP, was assessed. The patients got checked up every three months for the first year, and then every six months afterwards. RESULTS: Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that age (> 70 years), tumor staging, N-stage, preoperative CA125, and CA19-9 were associated with the prognosis of CRC patients. Univariate analysis revealed that tumor size (p = 0.026, HR = 1.64, 95% CI = 0.81 - 3.35) and CEA (p = 0.029, HR = 2.73, 95% CI = 0.24 - 4.42) were associated with the prognosis of CRC patients. CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed the prognostic impact of the tumor markers CA125, CA19-9, and CEA in patients with nonmetastatic CRC.
Gene Polymorphisms of TCF7L2 and Risk of Preeclampsia in Pregnant Women.
Ellithy S, Gouda W, Mageed L … +2 more , Okasha A, Afify M
Clin Lab · 2026 Jan · PMID 41543081 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Preeclampsia (PE), a pregnancy complication, affects 10% of pregnancies worldwide. The develop-ment of PE has been attributed to multiple genetic variations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible...
BACKGROUND: Preeclampsia (PE), a pregnancy complication, affects 10% of pregnancies worldwide. The develop-ment of PE has been attributed to multiple genetic variations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible association between TCF7L2 gene polymorphisms (rs12255372 and rs12243326) and risk of preeclampsia in Egyptian women with and without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) as well as to assess the discrimination values of these polymorphisms as biomarkers for PE. METHODS: This case-control study included 120 pregnant women allocated into two groups: 80 preeclamptic women (40 with GDM and 40 without GDM) and a control group that included 40 normotensive pregnant women. Genotyping of rs12255372 and rs12243326 was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS: The mutant TT and hetero GT genotypes of rs12255372 for the TCF7L2 gene were significantly associated with increased risk of preeclampsia, and the dominant model was significantly linked in PE (p < 0.001), with odds ratio (OR) = 6.1; 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 3.74 - 10.12. The mutant and hetero genotypes (CC and TC, respectively) of rs12243326 were considerably linked to a high risk of preeclampsia (p < 0.001) as well as the dominant model with a p-value of less than 0.001 and OR (95% CI) = 0.185 (0.09 - 0.39). Furthermore, there were significant differences between preeclamptic groups compared to controls according to the co-dominant model (p < 0.001), while there was no significant difference between PE women with and without GDM for rs12255372 (p = 0.603). The high predictive accuracies of TCF7L2 gene polymorphisms (rs12243326 and rs12255372) and their combination as probable indicators for PE (accuracy = 91.05%) were observed with the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The genetic polymorphisms of rs12255372 and rs12243326 for the TCF7L2 gene were associated with the risk of preeclampsia in Egyptian women. Thus, they could be biochemical markers for PE.
Antiphospholipid Antibodies as Potential Prognostic Indicators of Recurrent Myocardial Infarction.
Geng L, Pan K, Zhang B … +2 more , Zhang S, Zhang B
Clin Lab · 2026 Jan · PMID 41543080 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Inflammation and autoimmunity are pivotal contributors to myocardial infarction (MI) risk, with emerging evidence linking autoimmune disorders to MI pathogenesis. To further elucidate this relationship, we co...
BACKGROUND: Inflammation and autoimmunity are pivotal contributors to myocardial infarction (MI) risk, with emerging evidence linking autoimmune disorders to MI pathogenesis. To further elucidate this relationship, we conducted a prospective cohort study investigating the prognostic impact of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs), antinuclear antibodies (ANA), and anti-extractable nuclear antigen antibodies (anti-ENA) on recurrent MI. METHODS: In this single-center study, 458 patients with acute MI (AMI) were enrolled and prospectively followed for 3 years. Autoantibody profiles, including aPLs (anti-cardiolipin antibodies [ACA], anti-β2-glycoprotein I [anti-β2GPI], lupus anticoagulant [LA]), ANA, and anti-ENA, were assessed and compared between recurrent AMI and non-recurrent AMI groups. The primary endpoints were all-cause mortality and recurrent AMI at 3-, 12-, and 36-months post-enrollment. RESULTS: Compared to non-recurrent AMI patients, those with recurrent AMI exhibited significantly higher positivity rates for ACA IgG (p = 0.034), ACA IgM (p = 0.039), anti-β2GPI IgG (p = 0.025), anti-β2GPI IgM (p = 0.035), and PLs + ANA/anti-ENA (p = 0.001). Multivariate analysis identified aPLs + ANA/anti-ENA (HR: 2.84, 95% CI: 1.45 - 6.12, p = 0.033), hypertension (HR: 2.83, 95% CI: 1.23 - 5.65, p = 0.027), and hyperlipidemia (HR: 2.67, 95% CI: 1.34 - 5.37, p = 0.039) as independent risk factors of AMI recurrence. The cumulative recurrence rates at 3, 12, and 36 months were 0.7%, 2.6%, and 6.8%, respectively, while the cumulative mortality rates were 6.5%, 12.0%, and 15.9%. CONCLUSIONS: Concurrent positivity for aPLs and ANA/anti-ENA serves as an independent risk factor for recurrent AMI and is associated with increased mortality in AMI patients. These findings underscore the prognostic significance of autoimmune dysregulation in AMI outcomes.
Efficacy of Oscillation-Induced Depolymerization for Pseudothrombocytopenia Management Under Varying Conditions.
Wang Y, Guo J, Meng W … +1 more , Huang Y
Clin Lab · 2025 Dec · PMID 41362236 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to examine the effectiveness of oscillation-induced depolymerization in mitigating pseudothrombocytopenia (PTCP) under varying oscillatory conditions. METHODS: A total of 161 patients...
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to examine the effectiveness of oscillation-induced depolymerization in mitigating pseudothrombocytopenia (PTCP) under varying oscillatory conditions. METHODS: A total of 161 patients diagnosed with PTCP and admitted between May 2020 and November 2023 were included in the study. The patients were categorized into four groups based on oscillation parameters: 1,500 rpm for 1 minute, 1,500 rpm for 3 minutes, 3,000 rpm for 1 minute, and 3,000 rpm for 3 minutes. Platelet (PLT) depo-lymerization was assessed pre- and post-oscillation in each group, and peripheral blood smears were examined to evaluate platelet distribution. Additionally, the Mindray BC-6800 Plus hematology analyzer, in combination with a special stain, was utilized to verify depolymerization and identify the most appropriate depolymerization method for clinical application. RESULTS: PLT counts were significantly higher in the 3,000 rpm for 3 minutes and the 3,000 rpm for 1 minute groups compared to the 1,500 rpm for 1 minute group (p < 0.05). However, no significant differences in white blood cell and red blood cell counts were observed across the oscillation conditions (p > 0.05). Depolymerization rates in the 3,000 rpm groups were significantly higher than those in the 1,500 rpm groups (p < 0.05). The oscillation-induced depolymerization rate in the 3,000 rpm for 3 minutes group reached 93.79%, which was significantly greater than that in the special stain group (11.80%) (p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis identified elevated lymphocyte count and potassium level as risk factors for incomplete depolymerization, while total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, and indirect bilirubin levels were found to be protective factors (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Oscillation at 3,000 rpm for 3 minutes resulted in the highest rate of platelet depolymerization and demonstrated favorable clinical efficacy for PTCP management. Monitoring of lymphocyte count, potassium, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, and indirect bilirubin levels is essential to facilitate timely implementation of the oscillation method, thereby reducing the incidence of PTCP and enhancing the accuracy of clinical detection.
Progress in the Mechanism of Hyperhomocysteinemia-Induced Renal Injury.
Zhang J, Zhang D, Xu Z … +2 more , Wang Y, Qin X
Clin Lab · 2025 Dec · PMID 41362212 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Hcy is a sulfhydryl amino acid in the metabolism of methionine. It has been recognized as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. In recent years, the relationship between hyperhomocysteinemia...
BACKGROUND: Hcy is a sulfhydryl amino acid in the metabolism of methionine. It has been recognized as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. In recent years, the relationship between hyperhomocysteinemia and renal disease has received attention from many researchers. However, the specific mechanisms by which Hcy plays a role in cardiovascular pathology in patients with chronic kidney disease are complex. METHODS: We consulted the relevant literature and sorted and summarized it. RESULTS: Multiple mechanisms of hyperhomocysteinemia-induced renal injury are summarized in detail from different perspectives, including oxidative stress, vascular endothelial damage, inflammatory response, cellular autophagy, apoptosis, fibrosis, and epigenetic regulation. CONCLUSIONS: Hyperhomocysteinemia acts synergistically through multiple pathways, leading to glomerulosclerosis, tubular atrophy, and interstitial fibrosis, and ultimately accelerating renal failure. These mechanisms are complex and interrelated, suggesting that a comprehensive intervention strategy may achieve the ultimate goal of reducing renal injury.
Performance Validation and Evaluation of the Mindray BC-7900 Automated Hematology Analyzer.
Jin JY, Liu DM, Wang Y … +4 more , Shen YM, Cao J, Fan YH, Wen H
Clin Lab · 2025 Dec · PMID 41362211 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: The performance of the Mindray BC-7900 automated hematology analyzer was evaluated to deter-mine whether the instrument fulfills clinical requirements. METHODS: The BC-7900 hematology analyzer was evaluated b...
BACKGROUND: The performance of the Mindray BC-7900 automated hematology analyzer was evaluated to deter-mine whether the instrument fulfills clinical requirements. METHODS: The BC-7900 hematology analyzer was evaluated based on the background count, carryover rate, precision, linear range, sample stability, comparability of results from different sample aspiration modes, comparability of results between instruments, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) for small blood volumes, and its ability to flag for abnormal leukocytes. RESULTS: The background count was consistently 0, and the maximum carryover rate was 0.54%. The coefficients of variation for the repeatability and the within-laboratory precision were within the allowable ranges. Verification of the linear range yielded r2 ≥ 0.994. The sample stability met the deviation requirements at both ambient and cryogenic temperatures. The results obtained from the two sample aspiration modes were comparable. The routine blood parameter values were highly correlated with those obtained using the BC-6800Plus analyzer. Specifically, the correlation coefficients for white blood cell count (WBC), neutrophil percentage (Neu%), lymphocyte percentage (Lym%), nucleated red blood cell percentage (NRBC%), RBC, hemoglobin (HGB), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and impedance (PLT-I) and hybrid platelet counts (PLT-H) were all greater than 0.99. The correlation coefficients for monocyte percentage (Mon%), eosinophil percentage (Eos%), and basophil percentage (Baso%) were all greater than 0.91, while the coefficient for the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) was greater than 0.89. Compared with the Westergren method, the results of ESR for both standard and trace blood sample volumes were well correlated, with correlation coefficients of 0.943 and 0.952, respectively. Additionally, the analyzer demonstrated excellent sensitivity and specificity for flagging for immature granulocytes (95.4% and 93.8%, respectively) and abnormal lymphocytes (86.9% and 90.7%). Finally, the hematological malignant cell (HMC) channel showed high sensitivity (98.4%) and moderate specificity for detecting blasts (including abnormal promyelocytes). CONCLUSIONS: The BC-7900 automated hematology analyzer demonstrated strong performance, providing accurate and reliable results that meet clinical application requirements. This instrument provides excellent ESR detection methods for trace and standard blood sample volumes and an effective method for flagging blast cells.
Vitamin D Levels Among Iraqi Population: Regional and Seasonal Variations.
Mahmood SM, Younus ZM, Mohammed AK … +1 more , Al-Shaheeb S
Clin Lab · 2025 Dec · PMID 41362210 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Fluctuations in vitamin D (VITD) impact the health status of individuals across the globe. The present study aimed to assess the seasonal and regional variations in VITD status among the Iraqi population and...
BACKGROUND: Fluctuations in vitamin D (VITD) impact the health status of individuals across the globe. The present study aimed to assess the seasonal and regional variations in VITD status among the Iraqi population and highlight the extent of these differences across age and gender groups. METHODS: A total of 5,014 participants attending a single-consultation outpatient clinic for routine blood tests from three different regions of Iraq [the North (N, 825), the Middle (N, 3277), and the South (N, 912) regions] were recruited. The participants from the Middle region were enrolled throughout the seasons of the year (January through December 2023), whereas participants from the North and South regions were enrolled only during the winter season. RESULTS: The study revealed a wide range level of VITD spanning from 3 - 110 ng/mL (mean 26.5 ± 15.7 ng/mL). Deficiency (levels < 20 ng/mL) was found in 39% of participants, including 11% with severe deficiency (< 10 ng/mL). Females had significantly higher VITD levels than males. Seasonal analysis revealed significantly lower VITD levels during the winter season (24.8 ± 14.3 ng/mL) as compared to the spring and summer (28.3 ± 14.6 and 28.5 ± 15.5 ng/mL, respectively), while significantly higher levels were observed in autumn (31.3 ± 16.4 ng/mL). Regionally, lower VITD levels were recorded in the North of Iraq (21.7 ± 17 ng/mL) compared to the Middle and Southern regions (24.8 ± 14.3 and 25.1 ± 14.2 ng/mL, respectively). VITD levels also varied by age, with the youngest age groups (< 15, and 16 - 30 years) consistently exhibiting the highest deficiency rates throughout the year and across all regions, with the highest rates observed in winter and the Northern region. CONCLUSIONS: Deficient VITD status in Iraq was found in almost one-third of the population. Deficiency levels were high in the young-age groups in all the regions and seasons. Clear regional and seasonal variations in the 25(OH)D level were spotted among the Iraqi population.
Assessment of Iron Levels in Settings of Infections in Patients with Normal Hemoglobin.
Shllaku-Sefa H, Marku E, Kasmi G … +3 more , Qordja M, Kasmi I, Marku N
Clin Lab · 2025 Dec · PMID 41362209 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: During our daily routine in laboratory, we noticed that in patients with changes in white blood cell (WBC) count, which are accompanied by elevated levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), a decrease in the levels...
BACKGROUND: During our daily routine in laboratory, we noticed that in patients with changes in white blood cell (WBC) count, which are accompanied by elevated levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), a decrease in the levels of iron is found, even though the hemoglobin concentration is within the reference range. We aimed to figure out if low levels of iron are related to infections and whether they are signs of anemia and aimed to evaluate the possible correlations between iron levels and WBC and CRP. METHODS: We performed a descriptive and retrospective study including 159 outpatients with signs of infections and with normal concentration of hemoglobin, from January 2023 through December 2024. We used Jamovi Statistical Software version 2.3.28. We used the Shapiro-Wilk test for normal distribution and F-test for variances. We tested differences with Mann-Whitney and ANOVA for non-parametric variables between two or more groups, respectively. We performed Pearson's correlations and did the linear regression analysis. A two-sided p-value equal to or less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: The study included 70 women (44%) and 89 men (56%), with a median age of 27 years (1 - 91 years) and 32 years (1 - 91 years), respectively. Based on one-way ANOVA or Mann-Whitney test for independent samples, we found differences in iron levels between children, adults, and elderly (p < 0.001) and differences between nor-mal and elevated levels of WBC (p = 0.019). We also found correlations between iron and CRP (r = -0.255, p = 0.001), iron and WBC (r = -0.337, p < 0.001), and CRP and WBC (r = 0.189, p = 0.017). Based on regression anal-ysis, CRP and WBC can both serve as a predictor of serum iron levels, with a probability of 15.2%. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that there is a correlation between iron levels and CRP and WBC and that low levels of iron are related to settings of infections.
Correlation Analysis of HIV Infection Epidemiology and Detection Characteristics Among Voluntary Blood Donators in Hefei City.
Zhang Y, Zhang M, Cheng W … +1 more , Xia J
Clin Lab · 2025 Dec · PMID 41362208 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to explore the characteristics of HIV infection prevalence and laboratory detection results among voluntary non-remunerated blood donators in Hefei. METHODS: Statistical analyses were perform...
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to explore the characteristics of HIV infection prevalence and laboratory detection results among voluntary non-remunerated blood donators in Hefei. METHODS: Statistical analyses were performed on 609,230 blood samples from blood donation volunteers receiving HIV screening tests in Blood Center of Anhui Province from 2017 through 2021. Blood samples were screened and/or confirmed by HIV ELISA, nucleic acid testing (NAT), and western blotting (WB)-based HIV confirmation detection if appropriate. The reactive rates, correlation, and consistency of HIV ELISA screening and WB confir-mation tests as well as NAT were comprehensively analyzed in a large scale. The efficacies of HIV ELISA reagents were assessed through ROC curve analyses. RESULTS: The WB confirmed HIV-positive rate averaged 0.013% (80/609,230) among the blood donation cases between 2017 and 2021. In the HIV-positive population, the gender ratio (male to female) was over 25, the age group of 18 - 30 years was predominant, with blood group types of mainly A and B, and most were office employees and students. The total number of HIV preliminary screening tests with reactive results by two ELISA reagents (reagent 1 and reagent 2) amounted to 1,948 (0.320%), with 1,828 of single-reagent reactive and 120 of double-reagent reactive. The HIV ELISA initial and retest reactive rates for reagent 1 vs. reagent 2 were 0.077% vs. 0.405% (p < 0.001) and 0.054% vs. 0.286% (p < 0.001), respectively, but their ELISA retest compliance rates were comparable. The ROC curve analyses showed that the area under curve (AUC) and specificity of reagent 1 were relatively higher than those of reagent 2, but both shared an identical sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS: From 2017 through 2021, the local participation of voluntary non-remunerated blood donation showed an overall increasing trend, and the HIV infection prevalence maintained relatively stable in the blood donating population, with the infected individuals being dominated by sexually active young male office employees and students. There existed certain differences in the screening efficacies of distinct HIV ELISA reagents. The au-thorized laboratories should comprehensively evaluate the selection of blood screening programs and reagents to effectively conserve blood resources and reduce the risk of blood-borne HIV transmission.
A Rare Case of Cefoperazone/Sulbactam-Induced Significant Prolongation of INR.
Yu Y, Wang Q
Clin Lab · 2025 Dec · PMID 41362207 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Cefoperazone/sulbactam (CPZ/SAM) is a first-line antibacterial drug in clinical practice. METHODS: This article reports a case of extreme elevation of INR due to the use of CPZ/SAM four days. After drug withd...
BACKGROUND: Cefoperazone/sulbactam (CPZ/SAM) is a first-line antibacterial drug in clinical practice. METHODS: This article reports a case of extreme elevation of INR due to the use of CPZ/SAM four days. After drug withdrawal and administration of fresh frozen plasma, the coagulation function returned to normal. RESULTS: The INR results were extremely elevated, which is believed to be caused by taking CPZ/SAM. CONCLUSIONS: When patients take CPZ/SAM anti-infection therapy, the patient's coagulation function should be closely monitored for the prevention of the occurrence of adverse reactions.
Fetal Double Partial Trisomy 6 and 9 Due to Maternal 3:1 Meiotic Segregation of a Balanced Translocation.
Lin J, Wang G, Zhang J … +1 more , Ye Y
Clin Lab · 2025 Dec · PMID 41362206 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: The aim is to investigate the origin of a rare fetal double partial trisomy 6 and 9 using CMA and guide reproductive counseling. METHODS: Parental karyotyping and fetal chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) w...
BACKGROUND: The aim is to investigate the origin of a rare fetal double partial trisomy 6 and 9 using CMA and guide reproductive counseling. METHODS: Parental karyotyping and fetal chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) were performed to analyze chromosomal abnormalities. A literature review was conducted for similar cases. RESULTS: Parental karyotyping revealed a maternal balanced translocation, 46,XX,t(6;9)(p25;q21.1), while the fetus had 47,X?,+der(9)t(6;9)(p25;q21.1)dmat, indicating duplication 6pter→p25 and 9pter→q21.1. CMA confirmed both fragments as pathogenic copy number variations (pCNVs). This represents the first reported case of concurrent partial trisomy 6 and 9. CONCLUSIONS: The aberration likely resulted from 3:1 meiotic segregation. CMA enhances detection of chromosomal abnormalities and their origins. Prenatal invasive testing remains crucial for translocation carriers.
Performance Evaluation of an In-House Blood Culture Pretreatment Kit and MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry for Rapid Identification of Microorganisms.
Song L, Wang L, Ma L … +2 more , Li B, Li M
Clin Lab · 2025 Dec · PMID 41362205 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: The challenge in the use of MALDI-TOF MS for detection of microorganisms in culture-positive blood bottles is sample preparation. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of an in-house blood culture pretrea...
BACKGROUND: The challenge in the use of MALDI-TOF MS for detection of microorganisms in culture-positive blood bottles is sample preparation. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of an in-house blood culture pretreatment kit coupled with MALDI-TOF MS system for directly identifying pathogens. METHODS: A total of 114 blood samples were pre-enriched and identified using an in-house blood culture pretreatment kit and MALDI-TOF MS. The performance of the methods was compared to that of the conventional bacte-rial culture plus VITEK® 2 Compact. RESULTS: The kit showed high identification rates for both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, compared to that of conventional bacterial culture (p > 0.05). The identification rate of Gram-negative bacteria using the serum separator tube method was significantly higher than that of Gram-positive bacteria and yeasts (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The kit can be used for the pretreatment of blood culture bottles, which can significantly shorten the identification and reporting times.
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