Journal Of Occupational Rehabilitation[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Meaning of Work Participation After Spinal Cord Injury in Bangladesh: A Qualitative Study in a Low- and Middle-Income Country Context.
Ullah MM, Fossey E, Stuckey R
J Occup Rehabil · 2025 Dec · PMID 39419920 · Full text
PURPOSE: This study aimed to explore the meaning of work participation for people with spinal cord injury (SCI) in Bangladesh. METHODS: Narrative inquiry methodological framework was used to explore the meaning of work p...
PURPOSE: This study aimed to explore the meaning of work participation for people with spinal cord injury (SCI) in Bangladesh. METHODS: Narrative inquiry methodological framework was used to explore the meaning of work participation after SCI. Face-to-face interviews with twenty adults with SCI, who were either living in the community or in-patients at a rehabilitation center. The Worker Role Interview questionnaire was used as an interview guide. Participants were descriptively analyzed in two groups, rehabilitation participants and community participants. Their transcripts were analyzed using individual narrative analysis to understand the meaning of their experience at an individual level and then the findings from the individual narrative analyses were summarized using thematic analysis to identify themes that collectively represented the meaning of work after SCI in Bangladesh. RESULT: Five themes were identified from the interviews: "work life before injury"; "current life in relation to work"; "framing future prospects of work participation"; "motives for working"; and "enablers of work participation." CONCLUSION: The meaning of work is subjective and is influenced by the participants' pre-existing experiences and other factors related to their work life, such as work preferences, habits, and daily routines. Therefore, creating opportunities to better understand the meaning of work for each individual and incorporating these factors into rehabilitation are keys to sustainable rehabilitation outcomes.
Test-Retest Reliability, Clinical Usefulness, and Telephone Application of the Work Limitation Questionnaire in Individuals Who Returned to Work After Stroke.
Avance J, de Menezes KKP, Boening A … +2 more , Pereira ND, Nascimento LR
J Occup Rehabil · 2025 Dec · PMID 39369167 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSES: To measure the test-retest reliability and the clinical usefulness of the Work Limitation Questionnaire, and to compare the in-person with the telephone application. METHODS: Cross-sectional, exploratory study....
PURPOSES: To measure the test-retest reliability and the clinical usefulness of the Work Limitation Questionnaire, and to compare the in-person with the telephone application. METHODS: Cross-sectional, exploratory study. The Work Limitation Questionnaire was answered three times: twice in person, to measure test-retest reliability and clinical usefulness, and once, by telephone, to measure the validity of the telephone application. RESULTS: Fifty-six individuals (32 men) with mild to moderate disabilities after stroke were included. Test-retest reliability was very high (ICC 0.96; 95% CI 0.94 to 0.98; p < 0.01), the clinical usefulness was high (9 out of 12 points), and the correlation between in-person and telephone applications was high (ρ = 0.7; 95% CI 0.5 to 0.9; p < 0.01). The average productivity loss was 4% (SD 5, min-max 0 to 15%). CONCLUSIONS: The Work Limitation Questionnaire showed adequate test-retest reliability and clinical usefulness in individuals with stroke. The telephone application produced comparable results to in-person applications. The participants reported low productivity loss, which may be related to the mild impairments of the included sample.
Workplace Accommodations and the Labor Force Status of Persons with Disabilities.
Schimmele C, Jeon SH, Arim R
J Occup Rehabil · 2025 Dec · PMID 39358582 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: The aim of the study is to examine the role of unmet needs for workplace accommodations (WPA) in the labor force status of persons with disabilities (PWD) aged 25-64 years. METHODS: The study used data from the...
PURPOSE: The aim of the study is to examine the role of unmet needs for workplace accommodations (WPA) in the labor force status of persons with disabilities (PWD) aged 25-64 years. METHODS: The study used data from the 2017 Canadian Survey on Disability and multinomial logistic regressions to estimate the predicted probabilities of employment, unemployment, detachment from the labor force, and retirement. Product terms were used to examine if the association between unmet needs for WPA and these employment outcomes depended on severity of disability and age group. RESULTS: The findings show that the probability of employment was far lower for PWD with unmet needs for WPA than it was for their counterparts without unmet needs, after controlling for disability-related and sociodemographic characteristics. While having more severe disabilities associated with a lower employment rate, this occurred in the context of unmet needs for WPA, as there was no difference between persons with milder and more severe disabilities without unmet needs. Unmet needs for WPA had age-specific consequences and were associated with a higher probability of unemployment and detachment from the labor force among PWDs aged 25-34 years and a higher probability of retirement among PWD aged 55-64 years. CONCLUSION: Unmet needs for WPA are a barrier to the employment chances of many PWD and eliminating these unmet needs could increase their inclusion in the labor force.
The Era of Technology in Healthcare-An Evaluation of Telerehabilitation on Client Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Jaswal S, Lo J, Howe A … +4 more , Hao Y, Zhu S, Sithamparanathan G, Nowrouzi-Kia B
J Occup Rehabil · 2025 Dec · PMID 39340733 · Full text
PURPOSE: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize the evidence and examine the effect of telerehabilitation interventions compared to face-to-face rehabilitation interventions on physical functioning,...
PURPOSE: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize the evidence and examine the effect of telerehabilitation interventions compared to face-to-face rehabilitation interventions on physical functioning, mental health, and pain reduction among employed individuals, 18 years old and older. METHODS: Following the Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a comprehensive search syntax was created and inputted into Ovid Medline, APA PsycINFO, Ovid Embase, CINAHL, and Scopus. Critical appraisal of the included studies was conducted by two researchers to assess the risk of bias. A meta-analysis was completed for the randomized controlled trials and GRADE was used to determine the certainty of the evidence. RESULTS: A total of 16 out of 4319 articles were included in this review. This systematic review and meta-analysis found no significant differences between telerehabilitation interventions for physical functioning, mental health, and pain reduction outcomes compared to traditional rehabilitation interventions. CONCLUSION: The study findings indicate that telerehabilitation is less effective than in-person care for occupational therapy and physical therapy services. Future research may look at addressing the limitations of the current study to produce more conclusive results, such as exploring the length of the intervention, knowledge and confidence of intervention application, and follow-ups. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: This systematic review has been registered with PROSPERO under registration number CRD42022297849 on April 8th, 2022.
Psychological Service Utilization and its Impact on Return to Work in Vocational Retraining Centers: A Cohort Study.
Elling JM, Hetzel C, Koch AM … +2 more , Sewz G, Bühne D
J Occup Rehabil · 2025 Dec · PMID 39298043 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: Vocational retraining centers in Germany provide retraining for adults who are unable to continue their previous occupation due to health conditions. In addition to education and training, the centers provide su...
PURPOSE: Vocational retraining centers in Germany provide retraining for adults who are unable to continue their previous occupation due to health conditions. In addition to education and training, the centers provide support services, including the psychological service that assists rehabilitees in maintaining or regaining their mental stability. This study investigated which socio-demographic, health-related, and rehabilitation-related factors are associated with return to work (RTW) and examined the use of the psychological service and its association with RTW. METHODS: Data consisted of administrative data and service records routinely collected at one vocational retraining center. A total of 1187 individuals who began vocational retraining between 2016 and 2018 were analyzed. Logistic models predicting RTW and including interaction terms were used. RESULTS: Several factors were associated with RTW (Nagelkerke's Pseudo-R = 0.173), including socio-demographic factors, e.g., age (OR 0.96, 95% CI [0.93, 0.98]), health-related factors, e.g., number of diagnoses (OR 0.85, 95% CI [0.77, 0.93]), and rehabilitation-related factors, e.g., discontinuation of training (OR 0.24, 95% CI [0.15, 0.38]). The proportion of women, rehabilitees attending boarding school, and rehabilitees pursuing a career in the commercial and administrative sector was higher among frequent users of the psychological service compared to non/occasional users. The proportion of rehabilitees diagnosed with ICD F was also higher among frequent users, as was the number of diagnoses. Moreover, an interaction was found between absence and psychological service utilization on RTW. CONCLUSION: The analysis of routinely collected data in a vocational retraining center is suitable to investigate individual-level factors associated with RTW. The interaction suggests a compensatory effect, i.e., that frequent use of the psychological service mitigates the negative effect of absence on RTW.
Correction: Tensions of Low-Back Pain and Lifting; Bridging Clinical Low-Back Pain and Occupational Lifting Guidelines.
Reneman MF, Coenen P, Kuijer PPFM … +7 more , van Dieën JH, Holtermann A, Igwesi-Chidobe CN, Parker R, Reezigt R, Stochkendahl MJ, Hoegh M
J Occup Rehabil · 2024 Dec · PMID 39276295 · Publisher ↗
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Disclosure Decisions of Workers Living with a Chronic Health Condition Causing Disability at Work: Are Decisions to Disclose to Co-workers and Supervisors Different?
Woticky G, Jetha A, Tompa E … +1 more , Gignac MAM
J Occup Rehabil · 2025 Sep · PMID 39269512 · Full text
PURPOSE: Individuals living with chronic physical or mental health/cognitive conditions must make decisions that are sometimes difficult about whether to disclose health information at work. This research investigated wo...
PURPOSE: Individuals living with chronic physical or mental health/cognitive conditions must make decisions that are sometimes difficult about whether to disclose health information at work. This research investigated workers' decisions to not to disclose any information at work, disclosure to a supervisor only, co-workers only, or to both a supervisor and co-workers. It also examined personal, health, and work factors associated with disclosure to different groups compared to not disclosing information. METHODS: Employed workers with a physical or mental health/cognitive condition were recruited for a cross-sectional survey from a national panel of Canadians. Respondents were asked about disclosure decisions, demographics, health, working experience, work context, and work perceptions. Multinomial logistic regressions examined predictors of disclosure. RESULTS: There were 882 respondents (57.9% women). Most had disclosed to both co-workers and supervisors (44.2%) with 23.6% disclosing to co-workers only and 7% to a supervisor only. Age, health variability, and number of accommodations used were significant predictors of disclosure for all groups. Job disruptions were associated with disclosure to supervisors only and pain and comfort sharing were associated with co-worker disclosure. CONCLUSION: The findings highlight that disclosure to co-workers is common despite being an overlooked group in workplace disclosure research. Although many similar factors predicted disclosure to different groups, further research on workplace environments and culture would be useful in efforts to enhance workplace support.
Rehabilitating Workers Aged 55 and Over: Professionals' Perspectives and Solutions.
Durand MJ, Coutu MF, Lecours A … +5 more , Léonard G, Lederer V, Nastasia I, Carrière J, Paquette MA
J Occup Rehabil · 2025 Sep · PMID 39261413 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: Work disability affects a growing number of workers aged 55 and over (W55 +). While rehabilitation programs have demonstrated efficacy for workers with an average age of 42, they often have not been designed to...
PURPOSE: Work disability affects a growing number of workers aged 55 and over (W55 +). While rehabilitation programs have demonstrated efficacy for workers with an average age of 42, they often have not been designed to meet unique needs of aging workers. This study aimed to describe the difficulties encountered by work rehabilitation professionals and explore their solutions for improving services offered to W55 + . METHODS: This study used a simple descriptive design with purposive sampling. Occupational therapists, physical therapists, and psychologists were mainly recruited in private clinics. An interview guide based on the Work Disability Paradigm was piloted and used with the participants. Qualitative interviews were conducted with work rehabilitation professionals and then transcribed. A thematic analysis was performed. RESULTS: The sample consisted of fifteen participants (average age 38 years) with near equal representation across genders and disciplines. Difficulties were identified in relation to the (1) characteristics of W55 + , (2) work environment, (3) compensation system, and (4) communication among stakeholders. Five solutions were proposed to improve the services offered: provide healthcare professionals with access to tools and training, implement communication mechanisms, integrate a return-to-work coordinator, develop a joint action plan for managing W55 + , and implement an integrative prevention approach in workplaces. CONCLUSIONS: Our results represent a first step in mapping various stakeholders' needs to ensure better support for W55 + with work disabilities. These results delineate a roadmap for future research that should expand upon these stakeholders' perspectives to provide a more comprehensive description of their needs and potential solutions.
Does Knee Arthroplasty Have a Beneficial Effect on Return to Work in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis who Receive Long-Term Disability Benefits in the Netherlands?
Cheng TJ, Nieuwenhuijsen K, Kuijer PPFM
J Occup Rehabil · 2025 Sep · PMID 39256255 · Full text
PURPOSE: Optimal timing of knee arthroplasty (KA) is complex: operating at a younger age increases life time risk of revision, while delay results in an increased risk of job loss. This study evaluates whether disability...
PURPOSE: Optimal timing of knee arthroplasty (KA) is complex: operating at a younger age increases life time risk of revision, while delay results in an increased risk of job loss. This study evaluates whether disability benefits recipients due to knee osteoarthritis have an increased odds of returning to work (RTW) following KA. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was performed among long-term disability benefits recipients due to knee osteoarthritis using data of the Dutch Employee Insurance Agency. Logistic regression assessed whether recipients with KA had a higher odds of RTW in 10 years following start of disability benefits, compared to those without KA. RESULTS: A total of 159 participants were included. During 10-year follow up, 42% had received KA and 37% had returned to work. No association was observed between KA and RTW (OR 1.39, 95% CI 0.62-3.12). Prognostic factors for RTW were being the main breadwinner (OR 7.93, 95% CI 2.95-21.32) and classification as 100% work disability (OR 0.20, 95% CI 0.09-0.45). CONCLUSIONS: KA has no beneficial effect on RTW among patients with knee osteoarthritis granted long-term disability in the Netherlands. For RTW, KA is probably best performed within the two years of paid sick leave before long-term disability is assessed in the Netherlands.
Interpersonal Processes in the Duration of Sick Leave of Workers with Chronic Diseases: A Dyadic Analysis.
de Vries HJ, Snippen NC, Roelen CAM … +2 more , Hagedoorn M, Brouwer S
J Occup Rehabil · 2025 Sep · PMID 39223399 · Full text
PURPOSE: Although there is increasing awareness that significant others' perceptions and behavior can affect health outcomes, the role of interpersonal processes between sick-listed workers and significant others in sick...
PURPOSE: Although there is increasing awareness that significant others' perceptions and behavior can affect health outcomes, the role of interpersonal processes between sick-listed workers and significant others in sick leave and return to work (RTW) has hardly been studied. This study aims to examine the associations between illness perceptions, RTW expectations, and behaviors of significant others (engagement, buffering and overprotection) with sick leave duration within dyads of sick-listed workers with chronic diseases and their significant others. METHODS: We used survey data linked with sick leave registry data of 90 dyads. Pearson correlations were used to study the interdependence within dyads. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to examine associations between survey data of both dyad members and sick leave duration. RESULTS: We found moderate to strong correlations between workers and significant others, indicating interdependence within dyads regarding illness perceptions, RTW expectations and perceived significant other behaviors. Dyad members' illness perceptions (R = .204, p = .001) and RTW expectations (R = .326, p = < .001) were associated with sick leave duration, explaining respectively 12.3% and 24.5% of the variance. We found no associations between sick leave duration and active engagement, protective buffering and overprotection. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that negative illness perceptions and RTW expectations of both workers and their significant others are associated with a longer sick leave duration. Considering the interdependence within dyads, involving significant others when intervening on maladaptive illness perceptions and RTW expectations may be more effective than solely focusing on the worker's perceptions and expectations.
Clinician Experiences of and Responses to the Challenges of Working with Patients in the Australian Compensation Setting.
Sim A, McNeilage AG, Rebbeck T … +1 more , Ashton-James CE
J Occup Rehabil · 2025 Sep · PMID 39218821 · Full text
PURPOSE: Previous research indicates that the compensation process is stressful for people with a compensable injury, contributing to poorer recovery. However, little is known about the challenges faced by clinicians who...
PURPOSE: Previous research indicates that the compensation process is stressful for people with a compensable injury, contributing to poorer recovery. However, little is known about the challenges faced by clinicians who work in this setting. This study aims to qualitatively explore the experiences of clinicians delivering care to patients with compensable injuries in Australia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 26 experienced clinicians providing care to compensable patients in Australia. The interviews were transcribed, and data were analysed using reflective thematic analysis. RESULTS: Participants described their work as challenging due to factors such as high patient distress, poor clinical outcomes, and high administrative load. However, they responded to these challenges in varying ways. While some reported feelings of vicarious injustice, emotional exhaustion, and self-doubt, others derived a sense of meaning, purpose, and mastery from these challenges. Clinician responses to the challenge of working with people with a compensation claim were associated with access to mentoring, continuous education and training, and a supportive workplace culture. CONCLUSION: Clinicians reported both positive and negative responses to the challenges of working with people with a compensable injury. Coping strategies that were associated with more positive reactions included seeking further education, mentoring, peer support. Prioritising these support systems is important for clinician wellbeing and patient outcomes.
The Job Demands and Accommodation Planning Tool (JDAPT): A Nine-Month Evaluation of Use, Changes in Self-efficacy, Presenteeism, and Absenteeism in Workers with Chronic and Episodic Disabilities.
Gignac MAM, Bowring J, Navaratnerajah L … +10 more , Saunders R, Jetha A, Thompson A, Shaw WS, Franche RL, Van Eerd D, Irvin E, Tompa E, Macdermid JC, Smith PM
J Occup Rehabil · 2025 Sep · PMID 39120861 · Full text
PURPOSE: Enhancing workplace communication and support processes to enable individuals living with disabilities to sustain employment and return to work is a priority for workers, employers, and community stakeholders. T...
PURPOSE: Enhancing workplace communication and support processes to enable individuals living with disabilities to sustain employment and return to work is a priority for workers, employers, and community stakeholders. The objective of this study was to evaluate a new resource that addresses support challenges, the Job Demands and Accommodation Planning Tool (JDAPT), and assess its use, relevance, and outcomes over a nine-month follow-up period. METHODS: Workers with physical and mental health/cognitive conditions causing limitations at work were recruited using purposive sampling. Online surveys were administered at baseline (prior to using the JDAPT), and at three and nine months post-baseline. Information was collected on demographics (e.g., age, gender) and work characteristics (e.g., job sector, organization size). Outcomes included assessing JDAPT use and relevance, and changes in self-efficacy, work productivity difficulties, employment concerns, difficulties with job demands, and absenteeism. RESULTS: Baseline participants were 269 workers (66% women; mean age 41 years) of whom 188 (69.9%) completed all three waves of data collection. Many workers reported using JDAPT strategies at and outside of work, and held positive perceptions of the tool's usability, relevance, and helpfulness. There were significant improvements (Time 1-2; Time 1-3) in self-efficacy, perceived work productivity, and absenteeism with moderate to large effect sizes in self-efficacy and productivity (0.46 to 0.78). Findings were consistent across gender, age, health condition, and work context variables. CONCLUSIONS: The JDAPT can enhance support provision and provide greater transparency and consistency to workplace disability practices, which is critical to creating more inclusive and accessible employment opportunities.
Is a Problem-Solving Intervention with Workplace Involvement for Employees on Sickness Absence Due to Common Mental Disorders More Effective, than Care as Usual, in Reducing Sickness Absence Days? Results of a Cluster-Randomised Controlled Trial in Primary Health Care.
Karlsson I, Frantz A, Axén I … +6 more , Bergström G, Bültmann U, Finnes A, Holmgren K, Kwak L, Björk Brämberg E
J Occup Rehabil · 2025 Sep · PMID 39110387 · Full text
PURPOSE: The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of a problem-solving intervention with workplace involvement (PSI-WPI) added to care as usual (CAU) in reducing sickness absence days among employees with common mental...
PURPOSE: The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of a problem-solving intervention with workplace involvement (PSI-WPI) added to care as usual (CAU) in reducing sickness absence days among employees with common mental disorders compared to CAU alone in Swedish primary health care on a monthly basis over 18-months follow-up. METHODS: We conducted a cluster-randomised controlled trial including 197 employees blinded to allocation (85 PSI-WPI and 112 CAU). As sickness absence data was skewed and over-dispersed, generalised estimating equations was used to enable a comparison between the intervention and control group for each month of the follow-up period. RESULTS: The median number of sickness absence days over the 18-month follow-up was 78 days, inter-quartile range (IQR) 18-196 for employees receiving PSI-WPI and 64 days, IQR 18-161 for employees receiving CAU. The time x group generalised estimating equations analysis showed no statistically significant difference in sickness absence days per month. CONCLUSION: The addition of a PSI-WPI to CAU was not more effective in reducing sickness absence days. This may be explained by the primary health care context, lack of specialisation in occupational health and the Swedish social insurance system with specific time limits. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT03346395 on January 12th, 2018.
Work-Related Fear-Avoidance Beliefs and Risk of Low-Back Pain: Prospective Cohort Study Among Healthcare Workers.
Jakobsen MD, Vinstrup J, Andersen LL
J Occup Rehabil · 2025 Sep · PMID 39103730 · Full text
PURPOSE: Low-back pain (LBP) is a prevalent condition among healthcare workers, negatively affecting well-being and work ability. Research has identified fear-avoidance beliefs, i.e., the belief that physical activities...
PURPOSE: Low-back pain (LBP) is a prevalent condition among healthcare workers, negatively affecting well-being and work ability. Research has identified fear-avoidance beliefs, i.e., the belief that physical activities worsen or prolong pain, as a key psychological factor in LBP. Given the physical demands of healthcare work, understanding the link between fear-avoidance and LBP is crucial for effective prevention and management strategies. This study investigated the prospective association between fear-avoidance beliefs and risk of increased LBP intensity and duration in hospital workers. METHODS: Fear-avoidance beliefs and LBP were assessed in 1933 healthcare workers from 389 departments at 19 hospitals at baseline and 1-year follow-up. Associations between baseline work-related fear-avoidance beliefs (FABW) and LBP intensity and duration at follow-up were analyzed using cumulative logistic regression, adjusting for various factors including age, sex, baseline LBP, education, seniority, patient transfers, psychosocial work environment, and lifestyle. RESULTS: Moderate and high FABW was associated with higher odds of increased pain intensity (OR: 1.37 [95% CI 1.09-1.73] and 1.85 [95% CI 1.18-2.88], respectively) and prolonged pain duration (OR: 1.37 [95% CI 1.05-1.78] and 2.27 [95% CI 1.50-3.44], respectively). A sensitivity analysis including only female nurses showed similar results, with the high FABW group having significantly higher odds of increased pain intensity (OR 2.95, 95% CI 1.84-4.72) and duration (OR 2.64, 95% CI 1.55-4.49). CONCLUSIONS: Fear-avoidance beliefs increase the risk of LBP intensity and duration among healthcare workers, emphasizing the need for interventions dealing with psychological aspects of LBP.
Cost-Effectiveness of a Multi-faceted Workplace Intervention to Reduce Musculoskeletal Pain in Nursing Staff: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial (INTEVAL_Spain).
Soler-Font M, Aznar-Lou I, Almansa J … +4 more , Peña P, Silva-Peñaherrera M, Serra C, Ramada JM
J Occup Rehabil · 2025 Sep · PMID 39102106 · Full text
PURPOSE: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of a multifaceted workplace intervention to reduce musculoskeletal pain (MSP) in nursing staff. METHODS: The study was a 1-year cluster-randomized controlled trial. The interve...
PURPOSE: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of a multifaceted workplace intervention to reduce musculoskeletal pain (MSP) in nursing staff. METHODS: The study was a 1-year cluster-randomized controlled trial. The intervention combined participatory ergonomics, health promotion, and case management. The control group received usual care. Societal and health system perspectives were used. Costs included direct health and indirect costs. The effects were MSP and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). MSP was measured using the Standardized Nordic Questionnaire at baseline and 6- and 12-month follow-up. QALYs were measured using the EuroQol-5D-3L at 6- and 12-month follow-up. Incremental costs and QALYs were modelled using generalized linear models. MSP was analysed through generalized logistic models. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were calculated, and cost-effectiveness planes and acceptability curves were constructed. RESULTS: Total mean costs per person were €614 and €216 for the intervention and control group, respectively, with a societal perspective. The intervention mean cost was €38/person. From the societal perspective, the ICER showed that overall additional €68 (€9 from a health system perspective) were required to achieve 1-extra-percentage-point reduction of MSP. ICERs were €34 from the societal and €4 from the health system perspectives for neck, shoulders and upper back pain; €53 and €7 for low back; €179 and €23 for hands; €39 and €5 for legs; €115 and €14 for the knees; €36 and €5 for feet For MSP in the elbows. For participants with pain in the elbow, and for QALYs, the ICER showed that the intervention group was dominated by the control group. CONCLUSION: This intervention was not cost-effective in terms of QALYs. However, in terms of MSP, with a willingness to pay of €100, the probability of the intervention being cost-effective was around 90%. Further studies incorporating our recommendations are needed to confirm these findings. STUDY REGISTRATION: ISRCTN15780649, retrospectively registered.
Organizational Practices for the Inclusion of People with Disabilities. A Scoping Review.
van Berkel R, Breit E
J Occup Rehabil · 2025 Sep · PMID 39080152 · Full text
PURPOSE: The purpose of the scoping review presented in this article is to map the state-of-the-art and development of empirical research of organizational practices designed to include people with disabilities. It contr...
PURPOSE: The purpose of the scoping review presented in this article is to map the state-of-the-art and development of empirical research of organizational practices designed to include people with disabilities. It contributes to debates on demand-side approaches in promoting the labour-market participation of people with disabilities. METHODS: A literature search took place in PsychINFO, Web of Science, Sociological Abstracts and Sociological Index. Articles included empirical studies published between 2000 and 2023. RESULTS: The search resulted in 10,535 unique articles of which 146 were included in the review. Organizational inclusion practices have received increasing attention in academic journals in a variety of research fields. In terms of content two groups of studies can be distinguished: hiring studies and studies focusing on organizational practices aimed at employees with disabilities. Hiring studies include studies analysing relationships between a large range of factors and actual hiring or intention to hire as well as studies of a more exploratory nature. Studies focusing on employees with disabilities look at outcomes of specific organizational practices; the conditions promoting their implementation; or explore practices in organizations employing people with disabilities. DISCUSSION: Based on the findings of the review three suggestions for future research are discussed: (i) internationally comparative studies; (ii) specific attention to small and medium sized enterprises in studies of inclusion; (iii) systematic reviews as follow-ups to scoping reviews.
Incidence Rates and Predictors of Recurrent Long-Term Mental Sickness Absence Due to Common Mental Disorders.
Mulder M, Kok R, Aben B … +1 more , de Wind A
J Occup Rehabil · 2025 Sep · PMID 39066861 · Full text
PURPOSE: Several predictors have been identified for mental sickness absence, but those for recurrences are not well-understood. This study assesses recurrence rates for long-term mental sickness absence (LTMSA) within s...
PURPOSE: Several predictors have been identified for mental sickness absence, but those for recurrences are not well-understood. This study assesses recurrence rates for long-term mental sickness absence (LTMSA) within subgroups of common mental disorders (CMDs) and identifies predictors of recurrent LTMSA. METHODS: This historical prospective cohort study used routinely collected data from 16,310 employees obtained from a nationally operating Dutch occupational health service (ArboNed). Total follow-up duration was 23,334 person-years. Overall recurrence rates were assessed using Kaplan-Meier estimators. Recurrence rates within subgroups of CMDs were calculated using person-years. Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to identify predictors. RESULTS: 15.6% of employees experienced a recurrent LTMSA episode within three years after fully returning to work after a previous LTMSA episode. Highest recurrence rates for LTMSA were observed after a previous LTMSA episode due to mood or anxiety disorders. Mood or anxiety disorders and shorter previous episode duration were predictors of recurrent LTMSA. No associations were found for age, gender, company size, full-time equivalent and job tenure. CONCLUSION: Employees should be monitored adequately after they fully returned to work after LTMSA. It is recommended to monitor high-risk employees (i.e. employees with mood or anxiety disorders and short LTMSA episode) more intensively, also beyond full return to work. Moreover, diagnosis of anxiety and depressive symptoms should be given a higher priority in occupational healthcare.
Patients' Needs Regarding Work-Focused Healthcare: A Qualitative Evidence Synthesis.
Hagendijk ME, Zipfel N, Melles M … +5 more , van der Wees PJ, Hulshof CTJ, Zwaan E, van der Burg-Vermeulen SJ, Hoving JL
J Occup Rehabil · 2025 Sep · PMID 39052178 · Full text
PURPOSE: To identify, appraise, and synthesize qualitative research evidence exploring patients' needs regarding work-focused healthcare. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA statement...
PURPOSE: To identify, appraise, and synthesize qualitative research evidence exploring patients' needs regarding work-focused healthcare. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA statement guidelines to identify studies reporting patients' needs regarding work-focused healthcare. Four databases (MEDLINE, Embase, PsychInfo and Web of Science) were systematically searched from January 2000 until May 2023 and screened in duplicate by pairs of two reviewers. Inclusion criteria were qualitative data collection method, and patients' perspectives regarding healthcare focusing on work when experiencing work-related problems due to chronic medical conditions. Data extraction and synthesis was executed by means of an inductive thematic analysis approach. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the CASP Qualitative Study checklist. Confidence in the review findings was assessed through the Confidence in the Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative research (CERQual) approach. RESULTS: Out of 23,677 records, 97 qualitative studies were included. Needs regarding four main themes were identified: (1) Substantive guidance, which comprises the specific content of work-focused healthcare; (2) Clear and continuous process, which comprises clarification and optimization of the work-focused healthcare process; (3) Supportive attitude and behavior, which comprises a positive and supportive attitude and behavior from professionals towards the patients; and (4) Tailored approach, which comprises the delivery of tailored care to the individuals' needs. 17 subthemes were identified. CONCLUSION: The broader insight in patients' needs in work-focused healthcare can help (occupational) healthcare professionals adopt a more patient-centred approach in practice.
Factors Associated with Performance-Related Pain Among Musicians: A Multicenter Study Using Validated Tools.
Zão A, Altenmüller E, Azevedo L
J Occup Rehabil · 2025 Sep · PMID 39012552 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: We aimed to evaluate factors associated with performance-related pain among musicians with different backgrounds, comparing music students and professional musicians. METHODS: We performed a multicenter cross-se...
PURPOSE: We aimed to evaluate factors associated with performance-related pain among musicians with different backgrounds, comparing music students and professional musicians. METHODS: We performed a multicenter cross-sectional study in a stratified random sample consisting of music students (294) and professional musicians (291). The main outcome was performance-related pain (PRP), measured by the Performance-related Pain among Musicians Questionnaire (PPAM). Factors associated with the outcome were measured using PPAM, International Physical Activity Questionnaire, Modified Fatigue Impact Scale, 10-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, and Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36 Health Survey. RESULTS: From the 585 musicians included (response rate of 82.4%), 322 (55.0%) reported PRP. Professional musicians presented a significantly higher lifetime prevalence of PRP (57.5%, p < 0.001); however, music students reported higher levels of fatigue, anxiety and depression, and lower quality of life. Multivariate logistic regression defined a model with 16 factors significantly associated with higher probability of PRP. Additionally, we describe 25 self-perceived factors reported by musicians as being associated with PRP. CONCLUSION: We present the first study thoroughly describing and assessing factors associated with PRP among musicians, using a validated tool, including musicians with different backgrounds, and distinguishing music students and professional musicians. We also explore self-perceived factors associated with PRP. The relevant insights coming from this and future studies on factors associated with PRP will contribute to developing more effective preventive programs and improving evidence-based guidance and management of musicians affected by PRP.
Mental Health Stigma in the Workplace and its Association with Possible Actions of Managers to Prevent Sickness Absence of Employees with Mental Health Problems in the Swedish Private Sector: a Video Vignette Study.
Schuller S, de Rijk A, Corin L … +1 more , Bertilsson M
J Occup Rehabil · 2025 Sep · PMID 38990480 · Full text
PURPOSE: Mental health problems (MHPs) are subjected to workplace stigma and can deteriorate into common mental disorders (CMDs) and sickness absence (SA). Research has shown that personal stigmatizing attitudes limit ma...
PURPOSE: Mental health problems (MHPs) are subjected to workplace stigma and can deteriorate into common mental disorders (CMDs) and sickness absence (SA). Research has shown that personal stigmatizing attitudes limit managers' efforts towards employees with MHPs, but knowledge is lacking regarding stigma in social contexts (contextual stigma) and different types of possible preventive actions. This study investigates personal stigmatizing attitudes and three contextual stigma layers (employee, collegial, organizational) and different types of possible actions to prevent SA of employees with MHPs. METHOD: Survey data of 2769 Swedish managers working in the private sector were analysed. Personal stigmatizing attitudes were measured with the managerial stigma towards employee depression scale and supplemented with four additional items capturing contextual stigma. Managers watched video vignettes and assessed which preventive actions (n = 20) were possible to use in their organization. A sum score was calculated reflecting the 'number of actions'. Principal component analysis revealed three action types: adapt tasks and setting, involve experts, and social support. A score reflecting the 'possibilities to implement actions' was calculated for each type. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted with the four stigma layers as independent variables for each of the three action variables. RESULTS: Personal stigmatizing attitudes and contextual stigma were significantly associated with both 'number of actions' and 'possibilities for implementing actions' relating to all action types. Patterns of associations with contextual stigma were significant but varied between the different action types. CONCLUSION: This study substantiated the role of personal stigmatizing attitudes and contextual stigma in relation to possible actions of managers to prevent SA of employees with MHPs. The results emphasize the role of contextual stigma. Implications for practice and research are discussed.
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