Acta Informatica Medica[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Determining Hopf Bifurcation for Epidemic Model by Quantifier Elimination (QE).
Udovicic M
Acta Inform Med · 2025 · PMID 40606245 · Full text
BACKGROUND: An application of a novel method of a quantifier elimination for the SEIS model was presented in this paper. The appearance of the AIDS disease was crucial for developing numerous new epidemic models. We deci...
BACKGROUND: An application of a novel method of a quantifier elimination for the SEIS model was presented in this paper. The appearance of the AIDS disease was crucial for developing numerous new epidemic models. We decided to analyse one of these complex models by QE method. OBJECTIVE: A main aim was to investigate the existence of the Hopf bifurcation for the SEIS model. We have also analysed one complex epidemic model appropriate for AIDS disease by QE method. We applied the model in order to analyse the early phase of COVID-19 in BiH and different regions in Italy. METHODS: The implementation of a new method for quantifier elimination for the theory of real closed fields (a method was implemented in Mathematica). RESULTS: The main result was that the system which describes the SEIS model does not have a Hopf bifurcation for any parameter values for the epidemiological relevant cases. CONCLUSION: We applied an original implementation of QE method successfully in order to investigate the SEIS model. Considering the application of QE method to a model appropriate for AIDS disease, we were interested in change of the qualitative behaviour of a parametrized system of differential equations.
Regression of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy After Aortic Valve Replacement with Sorin Freedom Solo and St. Jude Regent Valves: a Comparative Study.
Karic A, Busevac E, Krajnovic A … +1 more , Mujaric E
Acta Inform Med · 2025 · PMID 40606244 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Aortic stenosis (AS) is the most common form of valvular disease in the elderly population, with degenerative calcified valves remaining the primary cause of this condition. Due to the progressive nature of t...
BACKGROUND: Aortic stenosis (AS) is the most common form of valvular disease in the elderly population, with degenerative calcified valves remaining the primary cause of this condition. Due to the progressive nature of the disease, a significant reduction in aortic valve area leads to increased left ventricular (LV) pressure overload, resulting in adaptive but ultimately maladaptive concentric hypertrophy and progressive myocardial remodeling. OBJECTIVE: The main objectives of the study were to assess the regression of left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy. METHODS: This retrospective study included 150 patients who underwent surgical aortic valve replacement (AVR) with the Sorin Freedom Solo (SFS) stentless bioprosthesis and the St. Jude Regent (STJ) mechanical valve. Patients were divided into three groups based on follow-up duration: six months, one year, and two years. changes in transvalvular gradient, perioperative outcomes, and survival rates. RESULTS: The results showed a significant reduction in the transvalvular gradient for both valves (p < 0.0001), with a more pronounced decrease in patients with the SFS valve. The thickness of the interventricular septum (IVS) continuously decreased in SFS patients across all groups, whereas a significant reduction was observed only in Group 2 for STJ valves. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) showed a significantly greater increase in patients with the SFS valve (p < 0.024), particularly in Group 2. Overall mortality was 5.30% for STJ valves and 6.66% for SFS valves, with no statistically significant differences in Kaplan-Meier survival analysis (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The SFS valve demonstrated superior hemodynamic performance and more pronounced LV hypertrophy regression, making it a suitable option for high-risk patients. The STJ valve ensures stable long-term function and remains the preferred choice for younger patients with acceptable operative risk. These findings highlight the importance of a personalized approach in selecting valvular prostheses.
Using Machine Learning Technique in Managing Emergency Triage Flow.
Almulhim M, Alfaraj D, Alabbad D … +5 more , Alghamdi FA, AlKhudair MA, AlKatout KA, AlShehri SA, Alsulaibaikh A
Acta Inform Med · 2025 · PMID 40606243 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Triage is a critical component of Emergency department care. Erroneous patient classification and mis-triaging are common in present triage systems worldwide. Therefore, several institutes worldwide have deve...
BACKGROUND: Triage is a critical component of Emergency department care. Erroneous patient classification and mis-triaging are common in present triage systems worldwide. Therefore, several institutes worldwide have developed artificial intelligence-based algorithms that use machine learning approaches to sort and triage patients effectively. OBJECTIVE: This study aims were to propose a machine learning model to predict the triage level for emergency medicine department patients and compare its performance to the standard nursing triage system. METHODS: This retrospective pilot study collected the dataset of emergency department records from King Fahad Hospital of the University in khobar, between January 1, 2020, and December 31, 2022. A sample of 998 randomly selected patients was included in this cohort. The machine learning model was trained using 10-fold cross-validation. Two experiments were conducted, including five triage levels, and the second combing triage levels 2, 3, 4, and 5. RESULTS: The machine learning model achieved an accuracy of 84% in experiment 1 and 64% in experiment 2. The mis-triage rates of the machine learning model were significantly lower than those of the standard nursing triage system. CONCLUSION: The machine learning model achieved higher accuracy and lower mis-triage rates than the standard nursing triage system. Thus, the proposed machine learning model can be a helpful tool for emergency department triage, enabling more efficient and accurate patient management.
Analyzing the Impact of Risk Factors on Hypertension at Amplas Community Health Center: A Case-Control Study.
Wahyuni AS, Siregar IM, Yusuf B … +5 more , Paramita AA, Lubis MSFF, Pakpahan GDS, Sitorus GDE, Marpaung DS
Acta Inform Med · 2025 · PMID 40606242 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Hypertension is a persistent elevation in blood pressure that poses serious health risks. OBJECTIVE: This case-control study aimed to identify factors linked to hypertension at Amplas Health Center. METHODS:...
BACKGROUND: Hypertension is a persistent elevation in blood pressure that poses serious health risks. OBJECTIVE: This case-control study aimed to identify factors linked to hypertension at Amplas Health Center. METHODS: This study asks questionnaires to all patients aged 30-65 years and not diagnosed with hypertension who sought treatment at the Amplas Health Center from September 2-13, 2024. The analysis used bivariate and multivariate logistic regression. Results with p-value <0.05 were statistically significant. RESULTS: Participants were 110 individuals aged 30-65 without a prior hypertension diagnosis, aged 48-65 years, with elementary education level, a family history of hypertension, a salt intake pattern >1 teaspoon, a moderate stress level, low social support, and a poor quality of life had a p-value <0.05. CONCLUSION: Biopsychosocial factors influence hypertension risk. Older age, stress, and lack of social support notably increase the likelihood of developing the condition. These findings highlight the need for comprehensive strategies considering lifestyle, emotional well-being, and social support in hypertension prevention.
The Impact of Hypoalbuminemia on Inflammatory Markers, Serum Creatinine, Hemoglobin and Outcome in Critically ill Patients With COVID-19 Infection-Retrospective Observation Study.
Qahtani SYA, Alotaibi T, Aldossary TM … +6 more , Alharbi M, Alotaibi F, Almulhim M, Alsolo B, Alanazi B, Alzahrani A
Acta Inform Med · 2025 · PMID 40606241 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Hypoalbuminemia is a poor clinical indicator of mortality. However, data on the correlation between hypoalbuminemia and inflammatory markers in COVID-19 infections are scarce. OBJECTIVE: The study aims to inv...
BACKGROUND: Hypoalbuminemia is a poor clinical indicator of mortality. However, data on the correlation between hypoalbuminemia and inflammatory markers in COVID-19 infections are scarce. OBJECTIVE: The study aims to investigate the effects of hypoalbuminemia on inflammatory markers, serum creatinine, hemoglobin levels, and clinical outcomes in critically ill COVID-19 patients. METHODS: A retrospective review of all adult patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) in King Fahd University Hospital with a moderate to severe COVID-19 infection from January 2020 to August 2022 was performed. The value of serum albumin levels was obtained on the day of admission while, the serum ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), C-reactive protein (CRP), creatinine, and hemoglobin levels on the first and third days of ICU admission. Demographic data, oxygen support modality, ICU length of stay (ICU-LOS), renal replacement therapy (RRT), and deaths were collected. RESULTS: Of 420 patients, 255 were included, 131 (51.4%) of whom had hypoalbuminemia. The numbers of patients with hypoalbuminemia who had increases in ferritin, CRP, and LDH between the first and third days of admission were 65 (49.6%), 9 (6.9%), and 10 (7.6%), respectively. In contrast, to the cohort with normal albumin levels, increases in ferritin, CRP, and LDH were noted in 57 (46%), 7 (5.6%), and 14 (11.3%) patients, respectively. The decrease in hemoglobin levels was similar between both groups (p=0.1). No significant association was found between hypoalbuminemia and increases in serum creatinine, the requirement of RRT, the need for endotracheal intubation, and mortality. CONCLUSION: This study did not show a significant correlation between hypoalbuminemia and worsening inflammatory markers or clinical outcomes in critically ill COVID-19 patients.
The Modulatory Effects of Statins, Vitamin E, and Moringa Oleifera Extract on CD3 Expression in Ribociclib-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats.
Ababneh SK, Khwaldeh A, Alsarhan AA … +4 more , Yousef I, Al-Shdefat R, Shoiab A, Ababneh S
Acta Inform Med · 2025 · PMID 40606240 · Full text
BACKGROUND: The use of Ribociclib leads to hepatotoxicity that may be evaluated by the presence of infiltrated CD3 cells. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the expression level of CD3 in the liver tissue of the control group and ot...
BACKGROUND: The use of Ribociclib leads to hepatotoxicity that may be evaluated by the presence of infiltrated CD3 cells. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the expression level of CD3 in the liver tissue of the control group and other groups exposed to Ribociclib and groups received Ribociclib and other treatments including vitamin E, statin, and and Moringa Olifera. METHODS: This experiment utilized fifty adult male albino rats (9 - 10 weeks old). The rats were randomly assigned into five groups (N = 10). Rats in the Group 1 (control) were given 2 ml normal saline. Group 2 rats received 5 mg/kg of ribociclib, while Group 3 rats received the same dose of ribociclib in conjunction with a daily dose of 200 mg/kg of a statin. Group 4 rats were given ribociclib treatment, alongside a daily dose of Vitamin E. Group 5 rats were given daily doses of 5 mg/kg ribociclib and a 200 mg/kg extract of Moringa Olifera. Following the end of the experiment, all rats were terminated and the liver tissues wee excised and fixed in formalin for 24 hours, processed, and stained for CD3 using indirect immunoperoxidase stain. Liver tissues were examined microscopically and the expression level was evaluated employing Adope photoshop. The relationships between groups were computed by independent T test. RESULTS: The study showed ribociclib caused hepatotoxicity of liver through the increased expression of CD3 in comparison to the control group. Treatment with statin and vitamin E lowered the expression of CD3, but this was not statistically significant (p>0.05), while the treatment with Moringa Olifera extract lowered significantly the expression of CD3 in the liver (p=0.043). CONCLUSION: Giving Statin, Vitamin E, or Moringa Olifera extract can protect the liver from the liver toxicity that ribociclib causes.
Nevus Spilus: A Review of Laser-Based Therapeutic Approaches.
Alqahtani J
Acta Inform Med · 2025 · PMID 40606239 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Nevus spilus (NS) is a congenital melanocytic nevus with specific clinical characteristics. The condition generally appears in the first year of life and shows no gender preference while affecting individuals...
BACKGROUND: Nevus spilus (NS) is a congenital melanocytic nevus with specific clinical characteristics. The condition generally appears in the first year of life and shows no gender preference while affecting individuals with lighter skin tones. It has a predilection for lower limbs and trunk areas the NS lesions consist of tiny heavily pigmented papules and macules accumulated on a well-bordered, lighter brown macular backdrop, comparable to a café-au-lait macule, frequently along Blaschko lines. The type of nevus has been reported as a blue nevus, centrofacial lentiginosis, nevus sebaceous, and bilateral nevus of Ito. OBJECTIVE: To highlight laser options for nevus spilus. METHODS: A review of various laser-based treatment modalities was conducted, focusing on their application in NS. The lasers included Q-switched ruby (QSRL), alexandrite (QSAL), Nd:YAG 532 and 1064 nm, carbon dioxide (CO2), intense pulsed light (IPL), and pulsed dye laser (PDL). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The laser modalities have shown varying degrees of success in improving the appearance of NS lesions. The QSRL, QSAL and QSNYL lasers are commonly used because they are specific for melanin. Ablative lasers like CO2 and broad-spectrum devices like IPL and PDL have also been employed, each offering different advantages depending on lesion characteristics and treatment goals. CONCLUSION: Regular monitoring for suspicious malignant degeneration should be done and if any signs of melanoma are present, histological examination is warranted. While no treatment is usually necessary, surgery has been proposed to eliminate the risk of melanoma. Aside from surgical management, various lasers have been tried to treat NS with varied success. QSRL, QSAL, QSNYL 532, and 1064 nm, CO2, IPL and PDL have all been demonstrated to improve NS.
Enhanced Recovery and Reduced Complications with Minimally Invasive Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Compared to Open Sternotomy.
Sljivo A, Vukas H, Djedovic M … +6 more , Lekic L, Al-Tawil A, Abdulkhaliq A, Begic A, Karabdic IH, Granov N
Acta Inform Med · 2025 · PMID 40606238 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting (MICS CABG) via left anterior thoracotomy has emerged as a less invasive alternative to conventional open sternotomy (OPEN CABG), offering potential benefits...
BACKGROUND: Minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting (MICS CABG) via left anterior thoracotomy has emerged as a less invasive alternative to conventional open sternotomy (OPEN CABG), offering potential benefits in perioperative outcomes and complication rates. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare procedural characteristics, ventilation duration, drainage volumes, and postoperative complications between MICS CABG and OPEN CABG in a single-center cohort in Bosnia and Herzegovina. METHODS: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 262 patients who underwent surgical revascularization between January 2019 and June 2023. RESULTS: MICS CABG was associated with a shorter median procedure time (2.5 vs. 3.5 hours, p<0.001) and reduced mechanical ventilation duration (11.0 vs. 14.0 hours, p<0.001). Although ICU stay was similar (3.0 days, p=0.001), total hospitalization was shorter for MICS CABG (6.0 vs. 7.0 days, p<0.001). Postoperative drainage was significantly lower at all measured time points (p<0.05), and transfusion requirements were reduced for red blood cells (0 vs. 2 units, p<0.001), fresh frozen plasma (0 vs. 2.5 units, p<0.001), and platelets (p=0.035). Use of inotropic agents was less frequent in MICS CABG, both at low (50.4% vs. 62.8%, p=0.043) and medium doses (4.0% vs. 16.0%, p=0.001). Wound infections were numerically lower in the MICS group (p=0.437). CONCLUSIONS: Compared to open sternotomy, MICS CABG demonstrated significant advantages in operative time, ventilation duration, blood loss, and complication rates, supporting its role as a safe and effective alternative for coronary revascularization.
Early Results of Minimally Invasive Mitral Valve Repair with Non-Resection Techniques in the Treatment of Barlow Disease.
Hieu LC, Dinh NH, Luan TMB … +1 more , Anh PTT
Acta Inform Med · 2025 · PMID 40606237 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Barlow's disease is characterized by excess myxomatous degenerative tissue, leaflets prolapse and/or billowing, chordal-elongation, and annular dilation. Various mitral valve repair techniques are in use. Res...
BACKGROUND: Barlow's disease is characterized by excess myxomatous degenerative tissue, leaflets prolapse and/or billowing, chordal-elongation, and annular dilation. Various mitral valve repair techniques are in use. Resection techniques were conventionally performed. Non-resection techniques have been popularized; however, their efficacy in Barlow's disease is yet unclear. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the early outcomes of minimally invasive mitral valve repair with non-resection approach compared to resection approach in patients with Barlow's disease. METHODS: We reviewed our experience in minimally invasive mitral valve repair non-resection techniques to treat this complex mitral pathology. Between 2020 and 2024 a group of 61 patients was identified as Barlow's disease undergoing minimally invasive mitral valve repair. The diagnosis of Barlow disease was based upon preoperative echocardiography and confirmed by the surgeon's assessment during operation. Data were collected at the Medical University Center (UMC) in Ho Chi Minh City. RESULTS: A total of 61 patients met the inclusion criteria. Successful valve repair was achieved in 57 patients (93.4%). Among the 57 patients who underwent repair, 26 patients (45.6%) received mitral valve repair using the non-resection approach, while 31 patients (54.4%) were treated with the resection approach. The mean cardiopulmonary bypass time and aortic cross-clamp time were 146.1 ± 23.8 minutes and 84.6 ± 15.9 minutes, respectively. During the 30-day postoperative follow-up, no mortality or SAM (systolic anterior motion) complications were observed, with one case of moderate mitral regurgitation post-surgery. Additionally, no reoperations were required during the follow-up period. CONCLUSION: Minimally invasive Barlow mitral valve repair has favorable 30-day postoperative outcomes. The non-resection approach is feasible and as safe as the resection approach.
Comparative Analysis of Carbonic Anhydrase-II Expression Across Undescended Testes Sprague Dawley Model with Coenzyme Q10 Treatment.
Nurhadi P, Daryanto B, Purnomo AF … +2 more , Kusworini, Alfandy TN
Acta Inform Med · 2025 · PMID 40223859 · Full text
BACKGROUND: The study investigates the expression of Carbonic Anhydrase-II (CA-II) antibodies in both blood and tissue samples to understand their systemic and local effects. OBJECTIVE: The research aims to identify effe...
BACKGROUND: The study investigates the expression of Carbonic Anhydrase-II (CA-II) antibodies in both blood and tissue samples to understand their systemic and local effects. OBJECTIVE: The research aims to identify effective dosages and assess the differences in antibody levels across various treatment groups of undescended testes Sprague Dawley model. To measure and compare the levels of CA-II antibodies in blood and tissue samples, determine the most effective dosage for reducing tissue CA-II levels, and analyze the systemic versus local impacts of these antibodies. METHODS: The study employed immunohistochemistry to assess CA-II antibody expression in undescended testes model of Sprague Dawley tissue and blood, with brown-colored cells indicating positive expression. Levene's test confirmed homogeneity of variance (p=0.660), allowing for ANOVA to identify significant differences in CA-II levels among groups (p=0.000). Tukey's post hoc test was used to pinpoint specific group differences. The analysis revealed significant differences in CA-II expression between groups. The dosage of 10 mg/KgBB was found to be most effective in reducing tissue CA-II levels. Blood CA-II concentrations were consistently higher than tissue levels across all groups, indicating a strong systemic presence. CONCLUSION: The study highlights the significant distinctions in CA-II antibody levels between blood and tissue samples. It underscores the importance of dosage in managing CA-II levels and the need to consider both systemic and local impacts in clinical settings. These findings provide a basis for future research into targeted therapies for conditions mediated by CA-II.
The Use of Large Language Models in Generating Patient Education Materials: a Scoping Review.
AlSammarraie A, Househ M
Acta Inform Med · 2025 · PMID 40223858 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Patient Education is a healthcare concept that involves educating the public with evidence-based medical information. This information surges their capabilities to promote a healthier life and better manage t...
BACKGROUND: Patient Education is a healthcare concept that involves educating the public with evidence-based medical information. This information surges their capabilities to promote a healthier life and better manage their conditions. LLM platforms have recently been introduced as powerful NLPs capable of producing human-sounding text and by extension patient education materials. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to conduct a scoping review to systematically map the existing literature on the use of LLMs for generating patient education materials. METHODS: The study followed JBI guidelines, searching five databases using set inclusion/exclusion criteria. A RAG-inspired framework was employed to extract the variables followed by a manual check to verify accuracy of extractions. In total, 21 variables were identified and grouped into five themes: Study Demographics, LLM Characteristics, Prompt-Related Variables, PEM Assessment, and Comparative Outcomes. RESULTS: Results were reported from 69 studies. The United States contributed the largest number of studies. LLM models such as ChatGPT-4, ChatGPT-3.5, and Bard were the most investigated. Most studies evaluated the accuracy of LLM responses and the readability of LLM responses. Only 3 studies implemented external knowledge bases leveraging a RAG architecture. All studies except 3 conducted prompting in English. ChatGPT-4 was found to provide the most accurate responses in comparison with other models. CONCLUSION: This review examined studies comparing large language models for generating patient education materials. ChatGPT-3.5 and ChatGPT-4 were the most evaluated. Accuracy and readability of responses were the main metrics of evaluation, while few studies used assessment frameworks, retrieval-augmented methods, or explored non-English cases.
Durian and Sapodilla Extracts Enhance Chemotherapy Sensitivity and Promote Apoptosis in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Model in Vitro: Systematic Review.
Suyatno, Rusda M, Siregar KB … +6 more , Muhar AM, Purwanto DJ, PahleviNasution I, Nafianti S, Sofyan F, Anas MA
Acta Inform Med · 2025 · PMID 40223857 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer with main option for therapeutic is chemotherapy. Natural compounds, such as durian (Durio zibethinus) and sapodilla (Manilkara z...
BACKGROUND: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer with main option for therapeutic is chemotherapy. Natural compounds, such as durian (Durio zibethinus) and sapodilla (Manilkara zapota) extracts, have demonstrated anticancer properties, including apoptosis induction and the potential to overcome chemotherapy resistance. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review evaluates the effects of these extracts on TNBC cells, focusing on their ability to enhance chemotherapy sensitivity with induced apoptosis and decreased chemotherapy resistance. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Literature searches in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar identified studies investigating the effects of durian and sapodilla extracts on breast cancer. Data extraction focused on study design, cell lines, preparation and concentrations of extracts, and outcomes such as apoptosis, chemotherapy sensitivity, and molecular marker expression. RESULTS: Included studies demonstrated that durian and sapodilla extracts significantly enhanced the efficacy of chemotherapy agents such as paclitaxel and doxorubicin. Both extracts contained bioactive that reduced Fas, Caspase-3, Caspase-9, and XIAP expression. The combination treatments were shown to synergistically enhance chemotherapy-induced cytotoxicity while reducing resistance mechanisms. CONCLUSION: Bioactive compounds in durian and sapodilla extracts target multiple pathways involved in TNBC apoptosis, progression and chemotherapy resistance. These findings suggest their potential as natural adjuvants to enhance chemotherapy efficacy. Further studies are needed to validate these results in vivo and explore their clinical applicability.
Predictive Value of High-Sensitivity Troponin I for Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction in Patients with Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction.
Hai TNP, Kha NM, Dat DNT … +3 more , Tai NN, Hung TP, Sy HV
Acta Inform Med · 2025 · PMID 40223856 · Full text
BACKGROUND: According to the World Health Organization's 2021 statistics, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), particularly coronary artery disease (CAD), remain among the leading causes of global morbidity and mortality, aff...
BACKGROUND: According to the World Health Organization's 2021 statistics, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), particularly coronary artery disease (CAD), remain among the leading causes of global morbidity and mortality, affecting both high-income and low-income countries like Vietnam. OBJECTIVE: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains a major cause of mortality and cardiovascular complications, with a poor prognosis in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD). High-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) is a specific biomarker of myocardial injury linked to infarct size and LVSD. However, its role in predicting left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) is underexplored. This study investigates the correlation between hs-cTnI and LVSD in NSTEMI patients. METHODS: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted on 117 patients with first-time NSTEMI treated at Cho Ray Hospital from February 2024 to April 2024. Admission hs-cTnI levels were measured and correlated with LVEF, assessed via echocardiography. The predictive value and optimal cut-off points of hs-cTnI for LVSD (LVEF < 50% and ≤ 40%) were determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. RESULTS: Hs-cTnI levels showed a significant inverse correlation with LVEF (r = - 0.569, p < 0.001). Patients with moderate-to-severe LVSD (LVEF ≤ 40%) had the highest median hs-cTnI levels (25,000 pg/mL, p < 0.001). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for predicting LVEF < 50% was 0.78, with a cut-off of 12,344 pg/mL (sensitivity 68.5%, specificity 82.5%). For LVEF ≤ 40%, the AUC was 0.82, with a cut-off of 20,979 pg/mL (sensitivity 73.3%, specificity 88.5%, accuracy 84.6%). These findings underscore hs-cTnI's utility in identifying LVSD. CONCLUSION: Hs-cTnI is inversely correlated with LVEF and serves as a reliable biomarker for predicting LVSD in NSTEMI patients, facilitating risk stratification and early management decisions.
Laparoscopic Completion Cholecystectomy for Symptomatic Remnant Gallbladder Following Subtotal Cholecystectomy: a Report of Two Cases.
Alsinan FM, Alaqoul AI
Acta Inform Med · 2025 · PMID 40223855 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Subtotal cholecystectomy (SC) is considered a safe option for a bailout in the presence of a difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy with a low incidence of complications. OBJECTIVE: This report aims to descri...
BACKGROUND: Subtotal cholecystectomy (SC) is considered a safe option for a bailout in the presence of a difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy with a low incidence of complications. OBJECTIVE: This report aims to describe the challenges in diagnosing and managing remnant gallbladder. CASE PRESENTATION: Case 1 is a 31-year-old male who presented with right upper quadrant abdominal pain ten years following SC. Abdominal ultrasound (US) and computed tomography (CT) scan confirmed a ruminant gallbladder. He underwent successful completion of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Case 2 is a 40-year-old male who was admitted as a case of ascending cholangitis. He had a history of subtotal cholecystectomy one year prior to his presentation. CT scan, Magnetic resonance cholangiography (MRCP), and US all confirmed the presence of a remnant gallbladder. The patient underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), followed by the completion of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. CONCLUSION: Recurring symptoms due to the remnant gallbladder are often challenging to diagnose and treat. Herein, we highlight the importance of adequate preoperative investigations and surgical planning prior to intervention.
Changes in sVEGFR-1 and sVEGFR-2 Levels Following Fetoscopic Laser Photocoagulation in Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome: Implications for Fetal demise Prediction.
Ha NTT, Dat DT, Thuong PTH … +1 more , Anh ND
Acta Inform Med · 2025 · PMID 40223854 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) is a severe complication in monochorionic twin pregnancies, leading to high perinatal morbidity and mortality. Fetoscopic laser photocoagulation (FLP) is the gold stan...
BACKGROUND: Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) is a severe complication in monochorionic twin pregnancies, leading to high perinatal morbidity and mortality. Fetoscopic laser photocoagulation (FLP) is the gold standard treatment; however, fetal demiseremains a concern. The soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptors, sVEGFR-1 and sVEGFR-2, play a crucial role in regulating angiogenesis and vascular function. This study evaluates changes in sVEGFR-1 and sVEGFR-2 levels before and after FLP and explores their role in predicting fetal demise post-surgery. OBJECTIVE: Therefore, this study aims to evaluate pre- and post-surgical changes in sVEGFR-1 and sVEGFR-2 levels in TTTS cases treated with FLP and determine their predictive value for fetal demiseafter surgery. A prospective longitudinal study was done with 27 pregnant women with TTTS stage II-IV according to Quintero classification from 16 to 26 weeks of gestation undergoing FLS. Among them, 11 cases were carried out coagulation the placental vascular anastomoses, 16 cases were done ablation umbilical cord for the selective fetal reduction because of TTTS stage IV, selective intrauterine growth restriction (sIUGR) or proximate cord insertions. All the studies subject investigated the soluble levels of biomarkers. We quantified plasma levels of VEGF-R1, VEGF- R2 in twin pregnant with TTTS before and one week after surgery by ELISA. Many factors included maternal age, gestational age at surgery, stage of TTTS, placental location, level of polyhydramnios, FLS methods, sIUGR, amount of amniotic fluid drawn, duration of surgery, change of maternal circulating biomarker levels were analyzed to find out the association with fetal demise after FLS. RESULTS: Statistics showed that VEGF-R1 levels were significantly decreased after surgery and change in soluble VEGF-R1 levels after surgery had a difference between the group of fetal demise and non-fetal demise. ROC curve showed that degree of VEGF-R1 levels reduction after surgery were higher, the risk of fetal demise was bigger (AUC: 0.8472), in which, cut-off point of degree of VEGF-R1 levels reduction after surgery was 36.5% (sensitivity: 66.67%, specificity: 95.83%). CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that change in VEGF-R1 after surgery could play a prognostic role of fetal demise after fetoscopic laser surgery.
Molecular Dynamic Stability Study of VEGF Inhibitor in Patients with Bladder Cancer.
Siregar GP, Parwati I, Tjahjodjati T … +4 more , Safriadi F, Situmorang GR, Yohana R, Khairani AF
Acta Inform Med · 2025 · PMID 40223853 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a crucial role in bladder cancer progression. Brolucizumab, an anti-VEGF agent, has been studied in various diseases; however, its potential in bladder cancer r...
BACKGROUND: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a crucial role in bladder cancer progression. Brolucizumab, an anti-VEGF agent, has been studied in various diseases; however, its potential in bladder cancer remains largely unexplored. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to analyze the molecular docking and dynamic stability of Brolucizumab as a VEGF inhibitor in bladder cancer. METHODS: Target protein and ligand data mining were conducted. Proteins were prepared by removing water molecules using Discovery Studio 2019. Ligand energy minimization was performed using Pyrx v.0.9.8. Protein-ligand docking was conducted, and protein-protein docking was performed using the HADDOCK server. The interactions between compounds and proteins were visualized with BioVia Discovery Studio 2019. Molecular dynamics simulations were carried out using the YASARA Dynamic program. RESULTS: Brolucizumab binding induced smaller conformational changes compared to VEGFR2 binding. When VEGFR2 interacted with the VEGFA-Brolucizumab complex, significant conformational changes occurred, suggesting an inhibitory and blocking effect of Brolucizumab. Bond relaxation was observed when Brolucizumab bound to VEGFA and VEGFR, initiating conformational changes as part of its inhibitory activity. Brolucizumab demonstrated strong and competitive binding to VEGFA, with greater affinity than VEGFR2. CONCLUSION: Brolucizumab exhibits inhibitory and blocking activity against VEGFR2, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent in bladder cancer.
Analysis of Gene Polymorphisms in Benign Prostate Hyperplasia Patients Receiving Combination Therapy of Alpha Blocker (a-Blocker) and 5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitor (5-ARI).
Daryanto B, Budaya TN, Widodo … +3 more , Agustriawan D, Negara EP, Effendi RA
Acta Inform Med · 2025 · PMID 40223852 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Out of 25-30% of individuals do not respond to 5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitors (5-ARI) as a primary treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), 7% experience disease progression despite treatment. Personali...
BACKGROUND: Out of 25-30% of individuals do not respond to 5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitors (5-ARI) as a primary treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), 7% experience disease progression despite treatment. Personalized medicine, which leverages human genomics, offers an approach to tailor treatments based on individual genetic profiles, facilitating early detection of drug resistance and optimizing therapeutic strategies. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to advance personalized medicine in BPH by identifying genetic factors that influence treatment outcomes, thus improving therapeutic efficacy. METHODS: This cohort study involved patients responsive and resistant to treatment of BPH. After prostate resection, DNA was extracted and subjected to protein sequencing. The quality of the DNA was assessed, and next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed. The sequencing data analyzed using FastQC, Samtools, MuTect2, ANNOVAR, and VEP. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data were compared to the Human GRCh38 reference genome. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and their positions were visualized through Integrated Genomics Viewer (IGV). Statistical analyses were conducted using R software. RESULT: Two genetic variants associated with BPH, was a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the NOS3 gene at rs1799983 (T>A/G), and an SNP at rs61767072 in the SRD5A2 gene. All samples that exhibited resistance to combination drug therapy showed mutations in SNP rs61767072, specifically a deletion at base A in the SRD5A2 gene. Strong correlation reported between SNP rs61767072 and resistance to BPH combination therapy while mutations involving base A and base G in the NOS3 gene did not exhibit any significant correlation with resistance to BPH combination therapy. CONCLUSION: Variations in genetic makeup significantly affect personalized medical care. Identification of specific SNPs such as rs61767072 may be the basis for the development of more personalized therapies. This study provides evidence that pharmacogenomic approaches are needed in urology practice to improve treatment outcomes.
Association Between rs243866 Polymorphism of the MMP-2 Gene and Target Organ Damage in Patients with Uncontrolled Hypertension.
Giau HTN, An TV, Cua TTH … +1 more , Dung BT
Acta Inform Med · 2025 · PMID 40223851 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Uncontrolled hypertension (UHT) is associated with an increased risk of target organ damage (TOD). Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) plays a role in vascular remodeling, and the rs243866 (-1575G/A) polymorph...
BACKGROUND: Uncontrolled hypertension (UHT) is associated with an increased risk of target organ damage (TOD). Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) plays a role in vascular remodeling, and the rs243866 (-1575G/A) polymorphism has been implicated in cardiovascular diseases. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the association between rs243866 and TOD in UHT patients. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 134 UHT patients at two hospitals in Vietnam. Genotyping of rs243866 was performed using PCR, and TOD was assessed via echocardiography (left ventricular hypertrophy - LVH), renal function tests (eGFR, albuminuria), and carotid ultrasound (carotid atherosclerosis). RESULTS: The genotypic distribution was GG (79.9%), GA (18.6%), and AA (1.5%), with allele frequencies of 89.2% (G) and 10.8% (A). The A allele was associated with higher risks of LVH (OR=2.553, 95% CI: 1.052-6.196, p=0.035), CKD (OR=2.639, 95% CI: 0.986-7.066, p=0.048), and carotid atherosclerosis (OR=6.806, 95% CI: 2.203-21.024, p<0.001). These associations remained significant after adjusting for confounders. CONCLUSION: The rs243866 polymorphism of MMP-2 is independently associated with TOD in UHT, particularly LVH, CKD, and carotid atherosclerosis. Genetic screening for rs243866 may provide insights into risk stratification and personalized hypertension management.
Reliability and Validity of the Vietnamese Cyberbullying Scale (CBS) Among University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam National University Students.
Tran Quoc T, Chi Le Thi K, Hoang T … +2 more , Dao Anh S, Tran Thi L
Acta Inform Med · 2025 · PMID 40223850 · Full text
BACKGROUND: The proportion of individuals utilizing the Internet has increased rapidly, and as a result, cyberbullying has garnered significant attention across various communities, emerging as a critical public health c...
BACKGROUND: The proportion of individuals utilizing the Internet has increased rapidly, and as a result, cyberbullying has garnered significant attention across various communities, emerging as a critical public health concern. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to validate the Vietnamese version of the Cyberbullying Scale (CBS) within the Vietnamese context. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 257 students at University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam National University (VNU-UMP) in Hanoi , Vietnam, from November 2023 to March 2024. The Cyberbullying Scale was administered through the RedCap software platform. RESULT: Among the 257 students, 64.9% were female. The average time spent using social networks per day was 5.6 ± 3.3 hours. The factor loadings for all items ranged from 0.76 to 0.92. The Cronbach's Alpha coefficient was calculated to be 0.98. The final measurement model of the CBS-M demonstrated good fit with the data, yielding acceptable fit indices: Comparative Fit Index (CFI) = 0.93, Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) = 0.91, Standardized Root Mean Square Residual (SRMR) = 0.03, and Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) = 0.06. CONCLUSION: The Cyberbullying Scale was identified as a reliable and valid instrument for assessing cyberbullying in Vietnam.
Sociodemographic and Clinical Factors Associated with COVID-19 Mortality in India: a Retrospective Study.
Parashar L, Shekhar H, Arya H … +3 more , Vig SL, Prasad J, Meshram GG
Acta Inform Med · 2025 · PMID 40223849 · Full text
BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic significantly impacted global health, with India experiencing one of the highest case and death tolls. However, data specific to India's sociodemographic and c...
BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic significantly impacted global health, with India experiencing one of the highest case and death tolls. However, data specific to India's sociodemographic and clinical factors influencing COVID-19 mortality remains limited. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to identify sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with COVID-19 mortality in India. METHODS: This retrospective, cross-sectional study analyzed medical records of 4961 adult COVID-19 patients admitted to a tertiary care center in North India, from April 2020 to December 2021. Sociodemographic and clinical data were captured using a structured proforma. Univariate analysis (chi-square test) and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were performed to identify factors associated with mortality. RESULTS: Of the 4961 patients, 557 (11.2%) died, and 4404 (88.8%) survived. Increased age, rural residency, professional occupation, and comorbidities (diabetes and hypertension), multimorbidity, increased disease severity, cold and flu symptoms, breathlessness, and the need for intensive care unit (ICU) admission and ventilator support were significantly (P <0.05) associated with higher COVID-19 mortality. While some associations were observed with sociodemographic factors like religion, education level, and monthly family income in univariate analysis, these were not significant in survival analysis. CONCLUSION: In this cohort of COVID-19 patients in India, advanced age, rural residency, professional occupation, comorbidities, multimorbidity, severe symptoms, and the need for ICU admission and ventilator support were identified as significant risk factors for mortality. Early identification and intervention for these high-risk groups may improve survival rates.
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