Acta Informatica Medica[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
A Multivariate Study on the Adherence With Non-invasive Ventilation in People With Obstructive Sleep Apnea.
Karagiannis A, Kafkia T, Tzitiridou M … +1 more , Kourakos M
Acta Inform Med · 2023 · PMID 38585609 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a sleep disorder that affects a significant number of people worldwide. While Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) devices have been proven to be effective in relieving...
BACKGROUND: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a sleep disorder that affects a significant number of people worldwide. While Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) devices have been proven to be effective in relieving symptoms, ensuring consistent use of those devices throughout the year can be challenging for a lot of patients. OBJECTIVE: The present quantitative observational study in non-invasive ventilation for OSA patients explores adherence and attempts to identify independent predicting factors and year-round adherence differences in a large sample of OSA patients from Greece. METHODS: Data from 1987 OSA patients using Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) devices were collected in 2023. Factors evaluated in the study included the Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI), mask type, mask leaks and hours of CPAP device usage. RESULTS: The majority were males (77.2%), aged over 60 years (57.9%). CPAP use varied, with 14.0% in their first year, 44.2% for 2-4 years, and 41.7% for <4 years. Adherence was highest in more than 4 years users (54.9%) and nasal/pillow mask users (59.1%). Seasonal adherence varied, with summer having the most non-adherent patients (32.8%). Multinomial logistic regression showed BMI, mask type and seasonal severity influenced adherence. Full-face masks positively impacted adherence (OR=0.585, p=0.001). Non-adherence was associated with higher mask leaking in spring (OR=3.051, p=0.018) and usage of CPAP for < 4 years (OR=3.855, p=0.001). For 50% and 75% adherence, seasonal mask leaking and usage duration influenced adherence. CONCLUSION: CPAP device data can provide valuable insights to OSA therapy compliance. Seasonality plays an important role in adherence to the CPAP device use as is the type of mask with relation to air leaking.
Effect of Absenteeism on Student's Performance in Different Components of Examinations - A Comparison of Online Verses Offline Teaching.
Saadia Z, Nasrallah K, Alzuwaydi AI … +1 more , Hamid HO
Acta Inform Med · 2023 · PMID 38585608 · Full text
BACKGROUND: The In online learning, more responsibility is shifted towards students in learning according to their needs. However there is a need to assess which component of teaching can be shifted online for future hyb...
BACKGROUND: The In online learning, more responsibility is shifted towards students in learning according to their needs. However there is a need to assess which component of teaching can be shifted online for future hybrid teachings. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to compare the students' performance in difference components of the exams and compare them in online vs offline. METHODS: It was a quantitative study comparing onsite and online groups academic performance in individual components of assessment for a duration of 6 months. Estimates were reported per standard deviation (SD) increase or decrease. Taking absenteeism rate as a predictor, models with group and gender on their own was fitted in univariable models, before including all three predictors (absenteeism rate, group and gender) in the final model. RESULTS: Students who studied online, had a 0.49SD higher grade than their counterparts who attended physically (p < 0.001), each SD increase in the absenteeism rate was associated with a 0.26SD lower overall score, and this was significant, p < 0.001. While comparing both groups in MCQ part students who studied online, had a 0.6SD higher grade than their counterparts (p < 0.001), also in continuous assessment students who studied online, had a 0.49 SD higher grade than their counterparts who attended physically (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Positive effect of the online teaching was clear in the (MCQs) and the final result, while no significant gender variation detected in this study.
Efficacy of Artificial Intelligence Software in the Automated Analysis of Left Ventricular Function in Echocardiography in Central Vietnam.
Doan CT, Tran KH, Luong VT … +2 more , Dang-Nguyen NH, Ton-Nu V
Acta Inform Med · 2023 · PMID 38585607 · Full text
BACKGROUND: In recent years, there has been a significant focus on the development of artificial intelligence (AI) applications in healthcare. However, current scientific evidence is still not convincing enough for the g...
BACKGROUND: In recent years, there has been a significant focus on the development of artificial intelligence (AI) applications in healthcare. However, current scientific evidence is still not convincing enough for the general public and the medical community to widely adopt AI in clinical practice. OBJECTIVE: We conducted this study to investigate the correlation between left ventricular function indices assessed by AI and those evaluated by physicians. METHODS: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 136 patients who attended and received treatment at Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital from April 2022 to June 2023. Using QLAB version 15, Philips Healthcare. RESULTS: The AI software accurately identified 98.5% of the echocardiographic cine-loops. However, there were about 1.5% of cine-loops that the software failed to recognize. The sensitivity of Ejection Fraction (EF) calculated by AI was 73.3%, specificity was 81.3%, and accuracy stood at 78.6%. A strong positive correlation was observed between EF measured by AI and that assessed by physicians, r = 0.701, p < 0.01. The sensitivity of Global Longitudinal Strain (GLS) calculated by AI was 42.1%, specificity was 84.8%, and accuracy was 67.6%. A moderate positive correlation was found between GLS measured by AI and physician's assessment, r = 0.460, p < 0.01. CONCLUSION: The use of AI software for evaluating left ventricular function through ejection fraction and global longitudinal strain is rapid and yields results comparable to cardiologists' echocardiographic assessments. The AI-powered software holds a promising and feasible future in clinical practice.
Application of Quantifier Elimination in Epidemiology.
Udovicic M
Acta Inform Med · 2023 · PMID 38585606 · Full text
BACKGROUND: An application of a novel method of a quantifier elimination in epidemiology was presented in this paper. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the existence of the endemic equilibrium for the SEIRS model by QE method a...
BACKGROUND: An application of a novel method of a quantifier elimination in epidemiology was presented in this paper. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the existence of the endemic equilibrium for the SEIRS model by QE method and gave a short review of the epidemic prediction models for covid-19. METHODS: A new method for quantifier elimination for the theory of real closed fields. RESULTS: Obtained value of a reproduction number and endemic equilibrium for the SEIRS model by QEAnalysis of the SEIR model with the concrete values through the example of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) (a critical value of a transmission rate is evaluated in the example). CONCLUSION: The main result of this paper is the obtained value of the endemic equilibrium for the SEIRS model (similar result is obtained for the SEIR model). Also, we have analysed the SEIR model through the examle of SARS and we reviewed several epidemic prediction models for covid-19.
Challenges in Collecting and Reporting Health Statistics in Kosovo.
Rugova N, Mulaj EV, Donev D
Acta Inform Med · 2023 · PMID 38585605 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Statistical data play a crucial role in research, planning and decision making in the health system, especially in the formulation and implementation of health policies. Health policy, adequate health legisla...
BACKGROUND: Statistical data play a crucial role in research, planning and decision making in the health system, especially in the formulation and implementation of health policies. Health policy, adequate health legislation and sustainable financing of the health system remain serious challenges for countries in transition and especially for the Republic of Kosovo. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the challenges of collection, accuracy and accurate reporting and the impact of the accuracy of these health statistics on the creation of appropriate public health policies in Kosovo. METHODS: This research is mainly based on a combination of qualitative, quantitative, deductive, analytical and comparative methods conducted by health workers at all three levels of the health organization and IT experts who were actively involved in some of the important components of our research. RESULTS: It is interesting to note that respondents gave typical scores for the security and confidentiality of medical data and statistics during the cycle of their collection and processing, with one score being 3 and the other 5, and 50% of respondents gave a score of 5 for the successful fulfilment of the mission and tasks established by the Law on the rational use of medical data and statistics to support public health policy. CONCLUSION: The research and findings provide sufficient evidence that Kosovar health data and statistics system suffers from serious deficiencies ranging from the legal framework, organizational structure, functional organization, segregation of duties and responsibilities, to a pronounced lack of human resources, professional profiles in the health statistics service and the necessary technology to perform the basic tasks in a timely and high quality manner.
Optimizing Nerve Sparing in Robotic-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy: A Comparative Investigation of Traditional and Modified Endopelvic Fascia Preservation Techniques.
Tan MVN, Hoang NPC, Kha NT … +5 more , Phuong DV, Tuan NT, Vinh TVA, Anh NVB, Vien NT
Acta Inform Med · 2023 · PMID 38585604 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cancer and the sixth leading cause of cancer-related mortality in men. In 2000, Abbou performed the first robot-assisted radical prostatectomy, and radical pros...
BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cancer and the sixth leading cause of cancer-related mortality in men. In 2000, Abbou performed the first robot-assisted radical prostatectomy, and radical prostatectomy has developed rapidly. Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) is a valuable therapeutic option for the management of localized Pca. OBJECTIVE: To present the functional outcome of robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy using traditional and modified endopelvic fascia preservation methods in a single center in Vietnam. METHODS: We prospectively analyzed a series of 65 patients diagnosed with prostate cancer from 2020 to 2023. All of those were operated by DaVinci Si system robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy. Twenties patients were applied with a modified nerve-sparing technique, intrafascial dissection, and lateral prostatic fascia preservation, leaving the lateral tissue, including the neurovascular bundle, untouched and covered. We used the traditional approach, intrafascial nerve-sparing with open endopelvic fascia and lateral prostatic fascia in 45 cases. Patients were followed up to 12 months to assess the continence and erectile function by using IIEF-5 and EPIC questionnaires. RESULTS: The study sample included 65 cases; the mean patient age was 64.21 ± 6.68, erection rate after surgery at six months in bilateral NS was 36.58% (15/41) in the traditional group, and 68.42% (13/19) in the modified group (p=0.028). The patient did not recover erectile ability in the group of elderly patients (>65 years old) and unilateral nerve-sparing group. The continence rate six months after surgery was 86.66 % in the conventional group and 85% in the modified group, with no significant difference between the two groups. In the potency group, the IIEF-5 score was 13 ± 4.9, and the EPIC-26 score was 62.20 ± 10.04. Erectile ability in the modified group was better than the traditional group at six months after surgery. CONCLUSION: Our results showed better potency recovery in the modified group. These results should be tested in future research with randomized studies.
Water Extract Have Superior Cytotoxic Effect Than Ethanolic Extract of Clinacanthus Nutans Leaves in Breast Cancer Stem Cells.
Syarifah S, Rambe AS, Putra A … +7 more , Ichwan M, Pane YS, Muhar AM, Khatib A, Munir D, Rusda M, Amin MM
Acta Inform Med · 2023 · PMID 38585603 · Full text
BACKGROUND: The rapid development of medical technology in managing breast cancer patients still cannot solve the problem of recurrence and resistance. One of the causes of recurrence and molecular resistance is the pres...
BACKGROUND: The rapid development of medical technology in managing breast cancer patients still cannot solve the problem of recurrence and resistance. One of the causes of recurrence and molecular resistance is the presence of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs). Clinacanthus nutans (C.nutans) is a plant found in Medan, North Sumatra, Indonesia. This plant is believed to have anticancer activity in community. OBJECTIVE: Our study aimed to assess phytochemical of C.nutans leaves, isolate breast cancer stem cells and determine the cytotoxic effects of the ethanolic extract and water extract of C.nutans leaves on breast cancer stem cells at 24, 48, and 72 h of observation. METHODS: We underwent the cytotoxic test by using MTT assay and isolated breast cancer stem cells by using MACS and validated them by mammosphere test. RESULTS: We found alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides and tannins in simplicia and all extracts. BCSCs was valid with the diameter of the mammosphere BCSCs was > 60 μm. The IC50 values of 100%, 60%, 40%, 20% EE, and WE of C.nutans leaves were 227.30; 46.05; 31.12; 98.54, and 16.16 μg/ml respectively in the first 24 hours. In administering WE of C.nutans leaves, BCSCs viability was decreased at 24,48 and 72 hours of observation, namely 69.29±26%; 75.82 ± 21.02% and 38.94±9.34 % (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: The WE of C.nutans leaves had more substantial cytotoxic potential against BCSCs than the EE. The capability of WE C.nutans leaves to suppress BCSC's viability was time-dependent. The anticancer activity were believed originate from alkaloid and flavonoid group.
Healthcare Failure Mode and Effect Analysis in Surgery Setting: A Bibliometrics Analysis and Literature Review.
Sumarwoto T, Ilyas MF, Dewi A
Acta Inform Med · 2023 · PMID 38585602 · Full text
BACKGROUND: In the ever-evolving healthcare landscape, the imperative to ensure patient safety has driven the adoption of robust safety approaches. One of the most popular methods is Healthcare Failure Mode and Effect An...
BACKGROUND: In the ever-evolving healthcare landscape, the imperative to ensure patient safety has driven the adoption of robust safety approaches. One of the most popular methods is Healthcare Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (HFMEA). OBJECTIVE: This study aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis of HFMEA research in a surgery setting to identify relevant authors, topics, and journals, highlighting the scholarly collaboration trends in this area. This analysis can provide valuable insights into the current state of research, emerging trends, and future research directions. METHODS: The data was acquired online from the PubMed database on December 16th, 2023. The downloaded data were analyzed using Google Sheets to predict trends. The publication output was then analyzed using VOSviewer. Subsequently, Biblioshiny was used to analyze the characteristics of the study, productive author, institution, and country; thematic map analysis; and topic timeline analysis. RESULTS: This study analyzes 25 documents spanning 2005 to 2022, reflecting a collaborative effort involving 155 contributors. The upward trend in annual scientific publications, notably the surge from 2014 onwards and significant peaks in 2019 and 2022, underscores the growing recognition of HFMEA in enhancing patient safety within surgical environments. The prominent influence from prolific authors like Ahmed K, leading institutions such as King's College London, and the substantial contributions from Norway and the USA in shaping the HFMEA research landscape. CONCLUSION: This study contributes valuable insights that can shape the trajectory of HFMEA in the evolving landscape of surgical healthcare, ensuring enhanced patient safety and quality improvement.
The Use of Instagram Among Dental Patients in Saudi Arabia.
Al-Khalifa KS
Acta Inform Med · 2023 · PMID 38585601 · Full text
BACKGROUND: The use of social media platforms has become increasingly popular in various professional fields, including dentistry. Among these platforms, Instagram has gained significant attention due to its visual natur...
BACKGROUND: The use of social media platforms has become increasingly popular in various professional fields, including dentistry. Among these platforms, Instagram has gained significant attention due to its visual nature and widespread popularity. The potential of Instagram as a tool for dental education, patient engagement, and professional networking has been the subject of several studies. OBJECTIVE: This paper aims to investigate the use of Instagram among dental patients and examine its implications for the dental industry.. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Saudi Arabia between September and December 2023 and involved 478 anonymous dental patients who responded to survey invitations. The questionnaire addressed demographics, Instagram usage, and factors influencing the selection of a dentist. Data analysis employed IBM SPSS Statistics, presented as descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis. RESULTS: Of the respondents, 66.6% preferred Instagram to follow dentists. Demographically, younger age correlated with increased Instagram use. Over half used Instagram 2-3 times daily, with evenings being the preferred time. Notably, 48.3% visited a dentist's Instagram account. Recommendations, qualifications, and online reviews were crucial factors in choosing a dentist, while before-and-after photos, engagement, and content quality mattered on Instagram. CONCLUSION: Instagram serves as a valuable tool in oral healthcare, fostering patient engagement, education, and community building. Dental practitioners should leverage Instagram judiciously, emphasizing its supplementary role to professional consultations rather than a substitute for personalized dental advice.
Seroprevalence of Transmisive Diseases in Healthy Blood Donors: a Five-year Experience in University Clinical Center Tuzla.
Zabic A, Jovic-Lackovic S, Delic SC … +3 more , Suljkanovic-Mahmutovic A, Camdzic-Smajic S, Osmic-Husni A
Acta Inform Med · 2023 · PMID 38585600 · Full text
BACKGROUND: The safety of blood products is the most important task of transfusion medicine. Transfusion-transmitted diseases represent a serious public health problem throughout the world, although their percentage of t...
BACKGROUND: The safety of blood products is the most important task of transfusion medicine. Transfusion-transmitted diseases represent a serious public health problem throughout the world, although their percentage of transmission is minimal. Each blood donation is individually tested with serological and molecular tests for the presence of hepatitis B and C viruses, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and Treponema Pallidum, regardless of the number of blood donations. OBJECTIVE: To determine the seroprevalence of blood-borne diseases in healthy blood donors at the University Clinical Center Tuzla, to analyze the possible causes of transmission of these diseases, and to compare with the results of research in countries in the region and beyond. METHODS: The research was conducted retrospectively in the period January 1, 2018. until 31.12.2022. years. Samples of blood donors were tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV1/2), antibodies to hepatitis C and syphilis, using the fourth generation ELISA method. RESULTS: The highest frequency of transmisive disease markers was reactivity to HBsAg with a total of 63.7% of cases and a prevalence of 0.13%, and the lowest for HIV with a total of 1.4% and a prevalence of 0.003%. CONCLUSION: Bosnia and Herzegovina has a very low seroprevalence but there is still a risk of disease transmission in the population.
Validity of the Rezum Simulator for Trainees.
Alsowayan OS, Al Zahrani AM
Acta Inform Med · 2023 · PMID 38585599 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Simulations have revolutionized surgical training and are an invaluable adjunct tool for augmenting the proficiency of surgeon and patient safety. Before being included in a practical assessment process, simu...
BACKGROUND: Simulations have revolutionized surgical training and are an invaluable adjunct tool for augmenting the proficiency of surgeon and patient safety. Before being included in a practical assessment process, simulators need to be using various validity inference frameworks. OBJECTIVE: We examine the construct validity and reliability of the Rezum simulator. METHODS: Seventeen candidates of different professions voluntarily participated in the Rezum simulation workshop. The simulator provides a variety of variable metrics and challenges. Each candidate performed three cases of different difficulty levels with three trials of each case. Validity was measured statistically through a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test, and a p-value of < 0.05 was considered significant. Additional reliability tests were provided, including intraclass correlation coefficients, a Cronbach test (0.7 is considered acceptable), and standard error of measurement. RESULTS: The ANOVA of total scores among candidates was significant (p = 0.029). Senior registrars and consultants had the highest total scores. Procedure times did not differ significantly among candidates (p = 0.169). The reliability test for the total score was 0.899 (0.831-0.942), with a standard error value of 2.75, a standard deviation of 8.67, and a Cronbach alpha value of 0.915. CONCLUSION: We confer the primer evidence of Rezum simulation as a valid, reliable simulator of most of its metrics.
Study of Text Patterns Found on Social Networks of Mental Health Reactions to COVID-19.
Cedeno-Moreno D, Delgado-Herrera A, Montilla-Herrera N … +1 more , Vargas-Lombardo M
Acta Inform Med · 2023 · PMID 38585598 · Full text
BACKGROUND: SARS-CoV-2 is an infectious disease caused by the coronavirus that was first reported in December 2019 in China and immediately spread around the world causing a pandemic, which has caused countless deaths an...
BACKGROUND: SARS-CoV-2 is an infectious disease caused by the coronavirus that was first reported in December 2019 in China and immediately spread around the world causing a pandemic, which has caused countless deaths and cases in global health. Mental health has not gone untouched by this pandemic; due to the lockdown and the vast amounts of information disseminated, the Panamanian population has begun to feel the collateral effects. OBJECTIVE: We propose classifying tweets using a machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) approach and pattern search to make recommendations to the emotional and psychological reactions of the Panamanian population. METHODS: Our study has been carried out with a corpus in spanish extracted from X for the automatic classification of texts, from which we have categorized, through the ML&DL approach, the tweets about Covid-19 in Panama, in order to know if the population has suffered any mental health effects. RESULTS: We can say that the ML models provide competitive results in terms of automatic identification of texts with an accuracy of 90%. CONCLUSION: X is a social network and an important information channel where you can explore, analyze and organize opinions to make better decisions. Text mining and patron search are a natural language processing (NLP) task that, using ML&DL algorithms, can integrate innovative strategies into information and communication technologies.
Post -contrast Three -dimensional MP RAGE T1WI Sequence Compared to Brain MRV Sequence for Diagnosing Brain Sinus Venous Thrombosis.
Banihani M, Malabeh Q, Shawaqfeh J … +2 more , Khawaldeh M, AlHazaimeh M
Acta Inform Med · 2023 · PMID 38585597 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Dural sinus thrombosis is considered as a one of the clinical and radiological emergencies that require special attention and high index of suspicion and needs combined effort of both the treating physician a...
BACKGROUND: Dural sinus thrombosis is considered as a one of the clinical and radiological emergencies that require special attention and high index of suspicion and needs combined effort of both the treating physician and the radiologist to obtain proper diagnosis and subsequently proper management. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this article was to compare the accuracy of MRV TOF and post contrast MP-RAGE sequences in diagnosis of cerebral sinus venous thrombosis. METHODS: After all informed consents were obtained and upon ethical committee approval from the ethical committee in Joradanian Royal medical services in Amman we perform this study as a retrospective study done on 50 patients with cerebral sinus venous thrombosis with 50 pateints control group done at king Hussein medical center in Amman Jordan. RESULTS: The guidelines and regulations of studies conducted in Royal medical services were followed. 68 females and 32 males with age range between 19 and 52 years. All patients underwent brain MRI for evaluation of cerebral sinus thrombosis, all studies were done on seimens skyra 3 Tesla machine with standardized protocol including 2 D TOF MRV, axial T2WI, axial FLAIR, Axial T1, SWI and diffusion weighted images along with 3D MP-RAGE post contrast. Images were reviewed by two well experienced neuroradiologists (Maysoon and Qamar) in separate sessions, each MRI sequence was reported separately without knowing patients name or clinical history. The results for T2 WI, SWI, MRV TOF and MP-RAGE post contrast were reported. We used a confidence level score to standardize the results. Then the results were analyzed using simple statistical methods.
Enhancing Data Security Resilience in AI-Driven Digital Transformation: Exploring Industry Challenges and Solutions Through ALCOA+ Principles.
Sembiring MH, Novagusda FN
Acta Inform Med · 2023 · PMID 38585596 · Full text
BACKGROUND: The Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) defines data integrity as the maintenance of accuracy, consistency, and completeness of data over time. Recently, "artificial intelligence" has b...
BACKGROUND: The Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) defines data integrity as the maintenance of accuracy, consistency, and completeness of data over time. Recently, "artificial intelligence" has become prevalent across industries, education, culture,and technology, denoting systems that mimic human intelligence and critical thinking using computers and related technologies. OBJECTIVE: This article examines the construction of a robust artificial intelligence (AI) system and the incorporation of ALCOA+ principles for data validation, with a specific focus on enhancing data certainty and security. METHODS: This study was carried out through a comprehensive review of various Scopus-indexed literature over the past decade. AI has been widely applied in Manufacturing System Optimization, involving organizing production systems, including machines, robots, conveyors, and related operations like maintenance and material handling. Moreover, it's used for Process Monitoring, Diagnostics, and Prognostics in medicine, as well as supervision and regulation in industries. Yet, it's not immune to shortcomings, which could result in system biases and jeopardize data security. CONCLUSION: This article explores the creation of a robust AI system, implementing ALCOA+ for data validation in AI-Driven Digital Transformation to improve data certainty and security in industries. It involves systematically recording AI system activities, ensuring database validity, sustaining data recording practices, regularly updating records, ensuring authenticity and completeness, and facilitating data accessibility for review and audits. As AI integration in education advances, there's a crucial need for oversight to maintain data integrity in these systems.
The Visualization and Frequency of Cerebral Cavernous Angioma on Magnetic Resonance.
Mujkic A, Mujagic S, Mehmedovic Z … +2 more , Mesanovic N, Hodzic R
Acta Inform Med · 2023 · PMID 38585595 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Cavernous angiomas (CAs) are abnormal, congenital, vascular malformations, which often grow in size over the course of life. Conservative treatment, microsurgical resection, and stereotactic radiosurgery are...
BACKGROUND: Cavernous angiomas (CAs) are abnormal, congenital, vascular malformations, which often grow in size over the course of life. Conservative treatment, microsurgical resection, and stereotactic radiosurgery are the three main options for treatment of CA. Radiological studies play a key role in diagnosis, with magnetic resonance (MR) being the method of choice. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to establish the prevalence of cavernous angiomas, the size, appearance, that is, the type of CAs and to determine visualization of cavernous angiomas by magnetic resonance. METHODS: The study included all patients who underwent an MR of the brain in the period from January 2011 to the end of December 2017 at the Radiology Clinic of Tuzla University Clinical Centre, and in whom MR examination verified one or more CAs. RESULTS: The prevalence of cavernous angioma in the study was 0.57%, and men and women were equally represented. The number of cavernous angiomas per patient was between 1 and 79 ; the average diameter was 11mm, and the most common type at ≥ 3mm was equivalent to Type II, whilst the largest number of cavernous angiomas, regardless of the size and visualization on individual sequences, were equivalent to Type IV. No significant difference was found in sensitivity between spin echo sequence and T2W gradient echo sequence in the group comprised of cavernous angiomas ≥ 3mm, whilst in the group comprised of punctiform cavernomas < 3mm, T2W* was a significantly more sensitive sequence than spin echo, that is, spin echo sequence had significantly lower sensitivity in the detection of punctiform CAs. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of CAs was in line with the results of other studies. T2W* sequence is significantly more sensitive in comparison with spin echo only in the detection of punctiform CAs, and is important in the detection of multiple familiar CAs.
Tamoxifen-associated Endometrial Cancer after Treatment in Young Premenopausal Women with Breast Cancer: A Case Report.
Hermansyah D, Al Anas M, Yaznil MR … +2 more , Lubis AT, Alianto R
Acta Inform Med · 2023 · PMID 38585594 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Tamoxifen has been successfully administered as adjunctive therapy for breast cancer. However, the effect of tamoxifen as an estrogen agonist and antagonist can cause pathological changes in the uterus. The a...
BACKGROUND: Tamoxifen has been successfully administered as adjunctive therapy for breast cancer. However, the effect of tamoxifen as an estrogen agonist and antagonist can cause pathological changes in the uterus. The agonist effect may stimulate endometrial proliferation leading to endometrial polyps, hyperplasia, and, rarely, endometrial cancer. OBJECTIVE: We present the case of tamoxifen-treated breast cancer case to better understand one of the most serious consequences, endometrial cancer. CASE PRESENTATION: A 37-year-old woman came to our centre with complaints of abnormal vaginal bleeding. She has diagnosed with grade I infiltrative ductal carcinoma in 2018, with primary complaints of right breast mass and axillary lymphadenopathy. During this period, adjuvant chemotherapy was given tamoxifen 20 mg once daily. There were no complaints or relapses at a six-month follow-up over three years. In the fourth year, the patient complained of vaginal bleeding. A vaginal biopsy was performed, and the results showed low-grade endometrioid-type endometrial carcinoma. Total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy were performed with the resultant mass of up to half of the myometrial lining with metastatic negative parallax lymph nodes. CONCLUSION: Following tamoxifen therapy, endometrial cancer is more likely to occur in patients. Patients who experience irregular vaginal hemorrhage should have hysteroscopy or uterine ultrasound performed, and if the cause is unknown, a biopsy should be performed.
CRP/HDL-C and Monocyte/HDL-C ratios as Predictors of Metabolic Syndrome in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Djesevic M, Hasic S, Lepara O … +3 more , Jahic R, Kurtovic A, Fajkic A
Acta Inform Med · 2023 · PMID 38379696 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) denotes a cluster of co-occurring medical conditions associated with regulating hyperglycemia and acute cardiovascular events and complications. The escalating frequency of MetS amon...
BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) denotes a cluster of co-occurring medical conditions associated with regulating hyperglycemia and acute cardiovascular events and complications. The escalating frequency of MetS among individuals afflicted with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) underscores its burgeoning significance as a critical public health concern and a complex clinical conundrum. Timely identification is imperative to avert the expedited progression of diabetic complications. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of CRP/HDL-C and Monocyte/HDL ratios in predicting MetS in T2DM individuals. METHODS: The study was designed as a two-year prospective study and included 80 T2DM patients divided into MetS and non-MetS groups based on MetS development over two years. The patients' serums were analyzed for complete blood count parameters, lipid profile, and C-reactive protein (CRP). Based on the laboratory test results, Monocyte/HDL-C and CRP/HDL-C ratios were calculated and analyzed. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and their corresponding areas under the curve (AUC) were used to determine prognostic accuracy. RESULTS: Monocyte/HDL-C ratio and CRP/HDL-C ratio were significantly higher in MetS-T2DM2 than in nonMetS-T2DM (p=0.003 and p=0.029, respectively). The results of ROC curve analysis have shown that the CRP/HDL-C ratio (AUC of 0.695) and Monocytes/HDL-C ratio (AUC of 0.645) can serve as good predictors of MetS in T2DM patients. CONCLUSION: This study confirms the reliability of the Monocytes/HDL-C and CRP/HDL-C ratios as novel, simple, low-cost, and valuable predictors of MetS development in T2DM.
The Relationship Between Decrease in Vision Aquity and Gadget Use During Online Lectures and COVID-19 Pandemic in Students of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara.
Savira M, Al Ghifari MA
Acta Inform Med · 2023 · PMID 38379695 · Full text
BACKGROUND: The use of gadgets for a long duration causes problems related to discomfort and causes various other eye complaints. Online lectures cause students to be more intense in using gadgets to support their learni...
BACKGROUND: The use of gadgets for a long duration causes problems related to discomfort and causes various other eye complaints. Online lectures cause students to be more intense in using gadgets to support their learning. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research on the relationship between decreased visual acuity and the use of gadgets during online lectures during the Covid-19 pandemic. OBJECTIVE: Knowing the relationship between decreased visual acuity and the use of gadgets during online in Covid-19 pandemic for students of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara class of 2019 and 2020. METHODS: This research is an analytic research with cross sectional design. The sampling technique used in this study was stratified random sampling, in which 100 respondents were selected using simple random sampling. RESULTS: There are 100 respondents, 81 of them used gadgets for more than 4 hours in one day, 67 of them used gadgets with a viewing distance of 30 cm to 40 cm, and 91 of them had normal visual acuity. CONCLUSION: There is no significant relationship between a decrease in visual acuity and the duration or distance of seeing in the use of gadgets as evidenced by the p-values of 0.653 and 0.095 respectively.
Trends in AI-powered Classification of Thyroid Neoplasms Based on Histopathology Images - a Systematic Review.
Kussaibi H, Alsafwani N
Acta Inform Med · 2023 · PMID 38379694 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Assessment of thyroid nodules histopathology using AI is crucial for an accurate diagnosis. This systematic review analyzes recent works employing deep learning approaches for classifying thyroid nodules base...
BACKGROUND: Assessment of thyroid nodules histopathology using AI is crucial for an accurate diagnosis. This systematic review analyzes recent works employing deep learning approaches for classifying thyroid nodules based on histopathology images, evaluating their performance, and identifying limitations. METHODS: Eligibility criteria focused on peer-reviewed English papers published in the last 5 years, applying deep learning to categorize thyroid histopathology images. The PubMed database was searched using relevant keyword combinations. RESULTS: Out of 103 articles, 11 studies met inclusion criteria. They used convolutional neural networks to classify thyroid neoplasm. Most studies aimed for basic tumor subtyping; however, 3 studies targeted the prediction of tumor-associated mutation. Accuracy ranged from 77% to 100%, with most over 90%. DISCUSSION: The findings from our analysis reveal the effectiveness of deep learning in identifying discriminative morphological patterns from histopathology images, thus enhancing the accuracy of thyroid nodule histopathological classification. Key limitations were small sample sizes, subjective annotation, and limited dataset diversity. Further research with larger diverse datasets, model optimization, and real-world validation is essential to translate these tools into clinical practice.
Risk-taking Behaviour: The Role of Dark Triad Traits, Impulsivity, Sensation Seeking and Adverse Childhood Experience.
Babakr Z, Fatahi N
Acta Inform Med · 2023 · PMID 38379693 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: Dark Triad Traits, Adverse Childhood Experiences, impulsivity and sensation seeking significantly influence whether one engages in or avoids various risk behaviours and personality throughout life. OBJECTIVE:...
OBJECTIVE: Dark Triad Traits, Adverse Childhood Experiences, impulsivity and sensation seeking significantly influence whether one engages in or avoids various risk behaviours and personality throughout life. OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to investigate how Dark Triad Traits, Adverse Childhood Experience and impulsivity sensation influence risk taking behaviour personality throughout life. METHODS: The sample included 222 university students from four universities, 82 males (36.9%) and 140 females (63.1%), and aged between 18 and 51 years. RESULTS: The results showed that adverse childhood experiences, psychopathy, narcissism, impulsivity and sensation-seeking predicted risk taking. Machiavellianism, on the other hand, did not significantly predict risk taking. Based on results, adverse childhood experiences predicted risk-taking directly and indirectly through psychopathy, narcissism, impulsivity and sensation seeking. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that early childhood experiences are a significant factor in personality traits and that positive early experiences could lead to minimising risk taking and reducing levels of impulsivity, sensation-seeking and dark triad traits.
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