Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract
· 2024 Nov · PMID 39244443
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Veterinary medicine is one of the least diverse professions in terms of race and ethnicity. Inclusive mentorship has the potential to increase representation and retention of BIPOC (black, indigenous, people of color) in...Veterinary medicine is one of the least diverse professions in terms of race and ethnicity. Inclusive mentorship has the potential to increase representation and retention of BIPOC (black, indigenous, people of color) individuals and individuals with other marginalized identities in the field. Inclusive mentorship benefits not only the mentors and mentees but also the veterinary profession and the communities we serve. It is critical to incorporate inclusion principles throughout the mentoring relationship, starting with creating an inclusive environment and considering inclusion in program design and mentor training. Inclusion is an ongoing process that requires dedication and maintenance.
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract
· 2024 Nov · PMID 39244442
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The concept of equity recognizes historical and current barriers and promotes thriving for veterinary teams and people and animals in the community. Veterinary medicine lacks sociodemographic diversity; veterinarians and...The concept of equity recognizes historical and current barriers and promotes thriving for veterinary teams and people and animals in the community. Veterinary medicine lacks sociodemographic diversity; veterinarians and other team members who identify with systemically excluded groups offer valuable contributions but are at risk of workplace discrimination. Client families who face barriers for financial and other reasons are at risk of poor animal health and welfare outcomes, including separation from their animals. This article is part one of 2 articles reviewing how the concept of equity applies and could transform well-being in companion animal veterinary practice in North America.
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract
· 2025 Jan · PMID 39244441
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MRI plays an integral role in the diagnosis of brain tumors in dogs and cats. Optimized image acquisition protocols in addition to a systematic approach to brain tumor evaluation on MRI using imaging characteristic inter...MRI plays an integral role in the diagnosis of brain tumors in dogs and cats. Optimized image acquisition protocols in addition to a systematic approach to brain tumor evaluation on MRI using imaging characteristic interpretation criteria may allow for enhanced lesion detection, accurate presumptive diagnoses, and formulation of a prioritized differential diagnosis list.
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract
· 2025 Jan · PMID 39244440
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Extensive descriptions of MRI characteristics of canine and feline brain tumors allow for relatively accurate lesion detection, discrimination, and presumptive diagnosis on MRI. Ambiguous and overlapping MRI features bet...Extensive descriptions of MRI characteristics of canine and feline brain tumors allow for relatively accurate lesion detection, discrimination, and presumptive diagnosis on MRI. Ambiguous and overlapping MRI features between brain lesion and tumor as well as tumor types is a limitation that necessitates histopathology for final diagnosis, which is often not available antemortem. Non-invasive advanced diagnostic imaging techniques continue to be developed to enhance sensitivity and specificity for brain tumor diagnosis on MRI in dogs and cats.
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract
· 2024 Nov · PMID 39244439
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For those new to the concept of allyship, this article will outline some of the foundation skills of allyship and strategies to overcome common hurdles. For those who consider themselves further along their allyship jour...For those new to the concept of allyship, this article will outline some of the foundation skills of allyship and strategies to overcome common hurdles. For those who consider themselves further along their allyship journey, there is material to encourage more effective or strategic allyship activities. Readers are encouraged to reflect on the different ways they can practice allyship within their own organizations. For leadership and management, we outline why allyship is important in veterinary workplaces and set out some key organization changes that can build inclusive workplaces through allyship.
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract
· 2025 Jan · PMID 39227254
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Radiation therapy for the treatment of both functional and nonfunctional pituitary tumors for dogs and cats has been described in veterinary medicine with a recent shift in focus toward stereotactic techniques. While the...Radiation therapy for the treatment of both functional and nonfunctional pituitary tumors for dogs and cats has been described in veterinary medicine with a recent shift in focus toward stereotactic techniques. While the technology required and normal tissue constraints for stereotactic procedures are more stringent, recent publications indicate that, while it helps alleviate clinical signs, the survival response may not be as durable as with conventionally fractionated radiation therapy in dogs, despite being seen in cats. Regardless of the protocol recommendation, potential benefit to the patient is excellent with manageable side effect profiles.
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract
· 2025 Jan · PMID 39227253
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Transsphenoidal surgery for the treatment of pituitary masses in cats and dogs has become a more established treatment over the last 2 decades. Although expert centers and surgeons that provide this service remain limite...Transsphenoidal surgery for the treatment of pituitary masses in cats and dogs has become a more established treatment over the last 2 decades. Although expert centers and surgeons that provide this service remain limited, the patient population presented for pituitary surgery increases with wider availability of advanced imaging, together with more challenging cases. In this review, the current state of hypophysectomy is described with future challenges and opportunities.
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract
· 2025 Jan · PMID 39227252
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Meningiomas are the most common tumor type in the brain in dogs and cats, and survival times are much higher for cats than dogs. Glioma is much more common in the dog, and median survival time is poor without definitive...Meningiomas are the most common tumor type in the brain in dogs and cats, and survival times are much higher for cats than dogs. Glioma is much more common in the dog, and median survival time is poor without definitive therapy. No recommendations currently exist for treatment of glioma in dogs, and there is ongoing research as the dog is a valid spontaneous model for the human equivalent disease. Other intracranial tumor types like lymphoma and histiocytic sarcoma do occur, though at a much lower frequency.
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract
· 2024 Sep · PMID 39127465
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African Americans make up less than 3% of veterinarians despite being over 14% of the population. The lack of diversity stems from a history of racial inequality, Southern schools and universities were not integrated unt...African Americans make up less than 3% of veterinarians despite being over 14% of the population. The lack of diversity stems from a history of racial inequality, Southern schools and universities were not integrated until the 1950s, and there is only one historically Black veterinary school (Tuskegee University College of Veterinary Medicine [TUCVM]), which was founded in 1945. Since the founding of TUCVM, the number of African American veterinarians skyrocketed. With the diversity efforts of veterinary schools, mentoring and outreach programs, and the founding of new veterinary schools (including another HBCU), the diversity in veterinary medicine will increase exponentially.
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract
· 2024 Sep · PMID 39004521
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Race is a pseudo-scientific system that was invented to sort people by skin color into different categories. Race has no biologic basis, meaning the phenotype of skin color cannot accurately separate humans into distinct...Race is a pseudo-scientific system that was invented to sort people by skin color into different categories. Race has no biologic basis, meaning the phenotype of skin color cannot accurately separate humans into distinct categories. Contemporary Western veterinary medicine was founded by white European men to treat livestock and working horses; 150+ years later, the majority of veterinary graduates are white women working on domesticated family pets. The history of veterinary medicine informs our current reality.
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract
· 2024 Sep · PMID 39003178
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Implicit biases are those we are unwilling to admit, yet they influence our behavior in ways that impact our experience in the workplace. Literature demonstrates that implicit bias influences career choice and limits suc...Implicit biases are those we are unwilling to admit, yet they influence our behavior in ways that impact our experience in the workplace. Literature demonstrates that implicit bias influences career choice and limits success within a chosen career. Discrimination in the veterinary workplace is pervasive and has a negative impact that is responsible for financial loss. It can also influence client communication, patient-care, and be inadvertently perpetuated by well-meaning community clinics. Strategies can be employed to acknowledge implicit bias and to foster behavioral change, which results in a healthier workplace and improved client and patient-care.
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract
· 2024 Sep · PMID 39003177
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This study illustrates the lack of racial diversity in the veterinary field, the historical and present-day causes of this unfortunate trend, and the various problems it causes in our practices and communities.This study illustrates the lack of racial diversity in the veterinary field, the historical and present-day causes of this unfortunate trend, and the various problems it causes in our practices and communities.
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract
· 2024 Sep · PMID 39003176
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This article advocates for qualitative research in veterinary medicine, highlighting its importance for understanding diverse experiences, and thus providing the opportunity for improving diversity, equity, and inclusion...This article advocates for qualitative research in veterinary medicine, highlighting its importance for understanding diverse experiences, and thus providing the opportunity for improving diversity, equity, and inclusion in the field. It contrasts qualitative with quantitative methods and addresses the concept of epistemic violence. Emphasizing community-based, emancipatory approaches, it urges adopting humanizing and liberatory research frameworks that challenge traditional research methods, underscoring qualitative research's role in fostering equity, empathy, and deeper understanding within the field.
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract
· 2024 Sep · PMID 39003175
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Leadership teams composed of individuals from diverse backgrounds bring a more comprehensive range of experiences, perspectives, and approaches to the table. While promoting diversity, equity, inclusion, and belonging fo...Leadership teams composed of individuals from diverse backgrounds bring a more comprehensive range of experiences, perspectives, and approaches to the table. While promoting diversity, equity, inclusion, and belonging for ethical reasons is paramount, the benefits of hiring and recruiting Black, Indigenous, and other people of color individuals for leadership roles extend far beyond moral imperatives. Studies and market trends reveal a compelling connection between diversifying teams, in general, and leadership teams specifically. Recruiting diverse talent and palpable business increases, particularly in terms of profitability through increased customer reach, are 2 of the more notable advantages.
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract
· 2024 Sep · PMID 39003174
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Interweaving diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) into the standards for accreditation requires veterinary schools to review their curriculum and determine what framework works best for them to implement those changes....Interweaving diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) into the standards for accreditation requires veterinary schools to review their curriculum and determine what framework works best for them to implement those changes. The Competency-Based Veterinary Education framework is one that is available via the American Association of Veterinary Medical Colleges (AAVMC) to reach those standards. Five standards have DEI components versus having a single standard of DEI as previously Standards of Accreditation by the Council on Education had approved.
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract
· 2024 Sep · PMID 39003173
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The veterinary field needs more racial diversity to reflect pet owners and the general population. The problem is compounded when we examine diversity in veterinary practice ownership and other entrepreneurial endeavors....The veterinary field needs more racial diversity to reflect pet owners and the general population. The problem is compounded when we examine diversity in veterinary practice ownership and other entrepreneurial endeavors. The road to business ownership is challenging for minority veterinarians, who must work harder to prove themselves to skeptical clients in a historically white profession. But, diverse veterinarians can succeed as entrepreneurs when they adopt the right mindset, surround themselves with like-minded and supportive peers, develop resilience, accept failure, and learn to pivot when needed to correct their course.
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract
· 2024 Sep · PMID 39003172
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Recruiting and retaining a diverse veterinary team requires intentionality. Without it, diversity initiatives often fall by the wayside. Implicit and explicit biases can occur at every stage of recruiting. To prevent the...Recruiting and retaining a diverse veterinary team requires intentionality. Without it, diversity initiatives often fall by the wayside. Implicit and explicit biases can occur at every stage of recruiting. To prevent them from disenfranchising candidates from historically devalued groups, it is important to enact best practices and policies. To prevent attrition, the work environment must be meticulously audited and primed to receive candidates from different backgrounds. Diverse teams outperform homogenous teams, but to unlock all the benefits of diversity, the work environment must be inclusive and have diverse leadership.
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract
· 2024 Jul · PMID 38575454
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Significant advances in veterinary minimally invasive surgeries and procedures have occurred in the past 10 years. These advances have been allowed due to continual research into optimizing working space through one-lung...Significant advances in veterinary minimally invasive surgeries and procedures have occurred in the past 10 years. These advances have been allowed due to continual research into optimizing working space through one-lung ventilation techniques and carbon dioxide insufflation. Additionally, minimally invasive surgery enthusiasts have joined forces with interventionalists and, in many cases, physicians to push the boundaries, minimize pain, suffering, and time away from owners with advances in a variety of procedures. Several larger multi-institutional retrospective studies on various disease processes allow veterinarians and owners to understand that minimally invasive approaches allow for outcomes comparable to traditional open surgery and, in some cases, may now be considered the standard of care in canine and feline patients.