Roumanian Archives Of Microbiology And Immunology[JOURNAL]
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200 papers
A highly purified vegetal fraction able to modulate HMGB1 and to attenuate septic shock in mice.
Apetrei NS, Călugăru A, Kerek F … +5 more , Panteli M, Rasit I, Cremer L, Szegli G, Lupu AR
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2011 · PMID 22570925
High-mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) is an intracellular protein that may be released actively from monocytes and macrophages or passively from necrotic or damaged cells. Its inhibition in animal experiments, even i...
High-mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) is an intracellular protein that may be released actively from monocytes and macrophages or passively from necrotic or damaged cells. Its inhibition in animal experiments, even in the late phase of septic shock, significantly enhanced the survival rate of rodents. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of a vegetal fraction isolated and highly purified from Helleborus purpurascens regarding the modulation of HMGB1 release either from tumor cells or human blood mononuclear cells. Our results showed that the vegetal fraction was able to down-regulate the release of HMGB1 from activated human blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and tumor cells. By combining the purified fraction with Cyclophosphamide the release of HMGB1 from tumor cells was strongly decreased. This synergism was not noticed when the ve getal product was associated with Doxorubicin. We also studied the effect of the purified fraction in mice with septic shock induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) method. The tested vegetal product increased significantly the survival rate of animals compared to the mice not treated with it. Our data suggest that the purified vegetal fraction may modulate inflammation by down-regulating the HMGB1, which can also explain its efficacy in septic shock in mice.
Dynamics of endothelial progenitor cells following sevoflurane preconditioning.
Popescu M, Munteanu A, Isvoranu G … +4 more , Suciu L, Pavel B, Marinescu B, Zagrean L
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2011 · PMID 22570924
There is relevant evidence concerning the involvement of endothelial progenitor cells in neovascularization and wound healing. In this study we investigated the effects of sevoflurane, a volatile anesthetic with proven c...
There is relevant evidence concerning the involvement of endothelial progenitor cells in neovascularization and wound healing. In this study we investigated the effects of sevoflurane, a volatile anesthetic with proven cardioprotective virtues, on the mobilization of bone marrow mononuclear cells with endothelial progenitor markers (CD 34+, flk-1 +), an event that may account for the protective effects of delayed anesthetic preconditioning. Male Wistar rats were treated with a mixture of air and sevoflurane (1 MAC) in cycles of 5 minutes, alternating with 5-minutes wash-out periods (the preconditioned group), or ventilated for 30 minutes with room air (control group). Following flow cytometry and immunofluorescence measurements, a considerable increase in circulating CD34+, flk-1 + and CD34+/flk-1 + cells was observed in the preconditioned group beginning at 12 hours after treatment, with a peak value at 24 hours after sevoflurane administration. These cells are a potential source of myocardial regeneration in the context of perioperative or periprocedural ischemia in patients with coronary artery disease.
Influence of orthodontic treatment on oral streptococci.
Vizitiu TC, Giuca MC, Ionescu E
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2011 · PMID 22570923
UNLABELLED: Objective of this study is to evaluate the changes of the oral microbial flora, concentrating on the oral streptococci, after the first 3 and 6 months of orthodontic treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 40 patie...
UNLABELLED: Objective of this study is to evaluate the changes of the oral microbial flora, concentrating on the oral streptococci, after the first 3 and 6 months of orthodontic treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 40 patients, aged 7-17, that presented for orthodontic treatment between April and September 2010 in the Department of Orthodontics and Dento-Facial Orthopedics of "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest have been selected. According to the protocol, coronary and subgingival plaque was collected from the dental surface before starting any orthodontic treatment (T0), 3 months after wearing orthodontic appliances (T1) and 6 months after wearing orthodontic appliances (T2). The samples were studied in Cantacuzino National Institute of Research-Development for Microbiology and Immunology [isolation on Columbia agar with 5% sheep blood, identification on morphotinctorial, growth and biochemical characteristics using API 20 STREP (BioMerieux)]. Bacterial concentration (colony-forming units/sample = CFU/sample) for the aerobic and anaerobic flora was calculated by the serial dilution method of counting bacteria. RESULTS: 106 strains of oral streptococci were isolated from dental plaque, belonging to 6 species (Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus sanguis and Streptococcus acidominimus), 37 strains of oral streptococci in patients from group I (T0), 40 strains from group II (T1) and 29 strains of oral streptococci from group III (T2). After 3 months (T1) the aerobic bacteria percentage, detected at a concentration between 10(5) and 10(6), increased from 30 to 38.2%. The percentage of patients with a bacterial concentration higher than 10(6) CFU/sample increased from 5% to 8.8%. The samples colected at T2 (patients examined after 6 months of orthodonic treatment) presented a lower bacterial concentration, as compared to group II (T1). The most common isolated species of streptococci were S. salivarius, S. oralis and S. mutans (37.5%, 22.5% and 10%), whose frequency increased after 3 months of treatment to 41.14%, 32.3% and respectively 14.4%, returning after 6 months of treatment at values similar to those recorded before beginning the orthodontic treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Presence of orthodontic appliances may produce a transitory increase of bacterial concentration (CFU/sample) and isolation rate of oral streptococci, returning to the level prior to the application of these devices after a time interval of several months.
Correlation of anti-Helicobacter pylori cagA IgG antibodies with resistance to first line treatment, bleeding gastroduodenal ulcers and gastric cancer.
Ilie M, Dascălu L, Chifiriuc C … +4 more , Popa M, Constantinescu G, Tănăsescu C, Baltac A
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2011 · PMID 22570922
UNLABELLED: Helicobacter pylori was recognized in 1994 as a class I carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). The prevalence of H. pylori infection varies from 20 to 50% in industrialized coun...
UNLABELLED: Helicobacter pylori was recognized in 1994 as a class I carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). The prevalence of H. pylori infection varies from 20 to 50% in industrialized countries to over 80% in developing countries. The cagA strains are more virulent than others, being able to induce morphological changes, vacuolization and degeneration of in vitro cultured cells. AIM: During this study we investigated the possible correlations between the presence of H. pylori cagA (cytotoxin associated gene antigen)-IgG antibodies and the severity of clinical and endoscopical findings. METHODS: Anti-cagA IgG was screened by ELISA in 104 selected patients exhibiting resistance to first line therapy for H. pylori, bleeding gastroduodenal ulcers, non cardia gastric cancer and gastric polyps. RESULTS: A statistically significant association between resistant cases to first line therapy for H. pylori, bleeding gastroduodenal ulcers, non cardia gastric cancer, gastric polyps and cag A Ig G antibodies (p value 0.02 calculated by T-Test) was observed. As Cag A antibodies titer persist up to four months, their level could be an useful marker in detecting previous long-term H pylori infection especially in gastric cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS: CagA positive H. pylori are virulent strains and the cagA IgG antibodies titer is associated with persistence of infection after treatment, upper gastroduodenal ulcers or gastric cancer. The presence of these antibodies, associated with positive biopsy for H. pylori, indicates the need of H. pylori treatment.
Immunological aspects in viral hepatitis B and C infection.
Manea I, Manea CN, Miron N … +1 more , Cristea V
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2011 · PMID 22570921
Worldwide, viral hepatitis chronic infections are a serious health problem and a very interesting topic for both clinicians and researchers. Viral hepatitis has a variety of clinical forms: mild, inactive or severe and w...
Worldwide, viral hepatitis chronic infections are a serious health problem and a very interesting topic for both clinicians and researchers. Viral hepatitis has a variety of clinical forms: mild, inactive or severe and with a slow evolution, whose architectural structure of the hepatic tissue evolves towards cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. Sometimes, the virally induced hepatic injury evolves spectacularly and rapidly leads to exitus. The factors that generate this evolution pattern depend on the immune response of the host and equally on the viral survival and immune surveillance avoidance strategies. This paper aims to resume new discoveries in the field of immunology of the B and C viral hepatitis infection, from the perspective of the complex interactions between virus and host.
Romanian experience in child celiac disease diagnosis.
Samaşca G, Iancu M, Băican A … +18 more , Bruchental M, Cherecheş-Panţa P, Fufezan O, Butnariu A, Farcău D, Burac L, Pop T, Pîrvan A, Slăvescu L, Miu N, Andreica M, Matinca D, Gheban D, Nechit R, Ponta M, Constantinescu I, Dejica D, Cristea V
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2011 · PMID 22568266
Last consensus in celiac disease in 2008 conducted under the aegis of the European Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition jointly with North American Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepato...
Last consensus in celiac disease in 2008 conducted under the aegis of the European Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition jointly with North American Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition reveals the following: "celiac disease is a chronic immune-mediated enteropathy characterized by sensitization to gluten. That can affect any organ or system, with a wide range of clinical manifestations of variable severity". Thus, in recent years, clinical picture of celiac disease has changed the old paradigm--bowel disease with villous atrophy and malnutrition, being replaced with the new paradigm--multi-organ autoimmune disease, affecting many organs and systems throughout but with more less specific symptoms, which undiagnosed leads to delayed diagnosis, at a late-onset disease and long-term major complications as the risk of cancer. According to this consensus "the serological diagnosis of celiac disease is based on high sensitivity and specificity tests", but in line with changing clinical features of celiac disease, its diagnosis has undergone significant changes in recent years. These changes in the diagnosis of celiac disease, we have decided to analyze them.
Gluten screening of several dietary supplements by immunochromatographic assay.
Oancea S, Wagner A, Cîrstea E … +1 more , Sima M
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2011 · PMID 22568265
Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic intestinal disorder of public health concern caused by gluten ingestion in sensitive individuals. Gluten is a protein found not only in gluten-containing food but also as normal component...
Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic intestinal disorder of public health concern caused by gluten ingestion in sensitive individuals. Gluten is a protein found not only in gluten-containing food but also as normal component of drugs and dietary supplements. Detection of gluten in dietary supplements is a very important task required for establishing their gluten status, which is highly important for the safety of products consumed by CD and gluten-sensitive patients. In this paper, we investigated the presence of gluten in twenty one common dietary supplements from the national market using the immunochromatographic assay. This visual assay proved to be an efficient rapid tool for gluten screening as an alternative to the ELISA techniques. The results have shown the presence of gluten in 23.8% of the investigated samples (vitamins, minerals, plant extracts, probiotics supplements, lactoferrin, propolis supplements). The results provide information which may contribute to the completion of the existing lists of gluten-free pharmaceuticals. It is known that for CD patients obtaining accurate information about the gluten content of a particular item is a difficult and time-consuming process.
Antibody and splenocyte proliferation response to whole inactivated Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 1, 3 and 6B in mice.
Pană M, Orhan R, Bănică L … +2 more , Iancu AD, Stăvaru C
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2011 · PMID 22568264
Animal models of infection and protection on the topic of the Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) have encountered many difficulties generated by low immunogenicity, a characteristic of polysaccharide capsular bacte...
Animal models of infection and protection on the topic of the Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) have encountered many difficulties generated by low immunogenicity, a characteristic of polysaccharide capsular bacteria and difference of virulence between serotypes and strains. We have explored the immune response after immunization with heat inactivated S. pneumoniae serotype 1, 3 and 6B in C57BL/6 mice by IgM and IgG detection, and by splenocyte in vitro 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation after antigen specific stimulation, as a proposed method of cellular immune response evaluation. Antibody titer persistence after immunization was not lengthy while antigen specific proliferation response detected by EdU assay was remnant. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) challenge with serotype 6B S. pneumoniae proved that antibody titers and the detected specific cellular immune response do not cover seroprotective necessity and do not confer improved immunologic memory in comparison to non-immunized mice, which show natural resistance.
Methodology optimization and diversification for the investigation of virulence potential in Haemophilus influenzae clinical strains.
Giucă MC, Străuţ M, Surdeanu M … +3 more , Nica M, Ungureanu V, Mihăescu G
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2011 · PMID 22568263
Ten Haemophilus influenzae strains were isolated from patients aged between 1.6 - 24 years, with various diagnoses (acute meningitis, acute upper respiratory infection, otitis media and acute sinusitis). Identification w...
Ten Haemophilus influenzae strains were isolated from patients aged between 1.6 - 24 years, with various diagnoses (acute meningitis, acute upper respiratory infection, otitis media and acute sinusitis). Identification was based on phenotypic and molecular characteristics; antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by diffusion method according to CLSI standards 2011 for seven antibiotics. The results of molecular testing showed that all the studied strains produced an amplicon of 1000 bp with ompP2 primers indicating that all strains were H. influenzae. For six strains, the PCR amplicon obtained with bexA specific primers, proving that the strains were capsulated. The results of phenotypic testing showed that four strains were ampicillin nonsusceptible and (beta-lactamase-positive. The virulence potential of H. influenzae clinical strains was investigated by phenotypic methods, including the assessment of the soluble virulence factors on specific media containing the biochemical substratum for the investigated enzymatic factor, as well as the adherence and invasion capacity to HeLa cells monolayer using Cravioto modified method. The studied strains exhibited mainly a diffuse adherence pattern and different adherence indexes. Interestingly, two strains isolated from the same pacient (blood and CSF) showed a different degree of invasiveness, the strain isolated from blood being 20 times more invasive than the one isolated from CSF.
The role of bla(OXA-like carbapenemase) and their insertion sequences (ISS) in the induction of resistance against carbapenem antibiotics among Acinetobacter baumannii isolates in Tehran hospitals.
Asadollahi K, Alizadeh E, Akbari M … +7 more , Taherikalani M, Niakan M, Maleki A, Asadollahi P, Soroush S, Feizabadi MM, Emaneini M
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2011 · PMID 22568262
This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence and dissemination of bla(OXA-like) carbapenemase genes and their insertion sequences among Acinetobacter baumannii isolates, taken from different hospitals in Tehran city and a...
This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence and dissemination of bla(OXA-like) carbapenemase genes and their insertion sequences among Acinetobacter baumannii isolates, taken from different hospitals in Tehran city and also their roles in the induction of resistance to carbapenem drugs. A total number of 100 non duplicate Acinetobacter baumannii with different origins, were isolated from patients with proved nosocomial infections at eight university hospital in Tehran city. Antimicrobial susceptibility of these strains was done by E-test against 7 antimicrobial agents according to CLSI guideline. PCR of bla(OXA-51-like), bla(OXA-23-like), bla(OXA-24-like), bla(OXA-58-like), IS(ABA-1), IS(1133) was carried out by specialized primers and then these strains were typed by REP-fingerprinting. Colistin, imipenem and meropenem were the most sensitive antibiotics against Acinetobacter baumannii isolates with 96%, 51% and 51% sensitivity respectively. All the isolates had a bla(OXA-51-like) intrinsic to these species. The rates of bla(OXA-23), 23 and 58-like were 38%, 32% and 1% respectively. Coexistence of bla(OXA-51/23/24-like) was observed among 16% of these isolates. All bla(OXA-23-like) carbapenemase genes had only one IS(ABA1). REP fingerprinting showed 5 genotypes among carbapenem resistant isolates, 16 of them being genotype A. This study emphasized on the major role of bla(OXA-like) carbapenemase, particularly bla(OXA-23-like) carbapenemase and their IS(ABA1), in the dissemination of carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. This study confirmed a presumptive role of IS element neighboring the carbapenemase gene in the elevation of resistance to carbapenem drug among Acinetobacter baumannii isolates for the first time in Iran.
In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity of acorn herbal extract against some Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.
Mohebi R, Ghafourian S, Sekawi Z … +8 more , Khosravi A, Galehdari EA, Hushmandfar R, Ranjbar R, Maleki A, Mohammadzadeh M, Rahbar M, Sadeghifard N
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2011 · PMID 22568261
BACKGROUND: The search for safe and effective antimicrobial agents, which treat, therapeutically and prophylactically, a wide variety of bacterial infections still represents a top priority for the biomedical field. This...
BACKGROUND: The search for safe and effective antimicrobial agents, which treat, therapeutically and prophylactically, a wide variety of bacterial infections still represents a top priority for the biomedical field. This study was undertaken to investigate the antimicrobial properties of herbal extract (acorn) against bacterial pathogens in intestinal tract infections in in vitro and in vivo conditions and to study the effect of herbal extracts against bacteria in comparison with current antibiotics. FINDINGS: Ethanol extraction of acorn herb (Jaft) were evaluated against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi and Pseudomonas aeroginosa in in vitro and in vivo conditions. Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was 10 microg/ml, 10 microg/ml, 5 microg/ml, 15 microg/ml and 15 microg/ml for K. pneumoniae, E. coli, S. typhi, S. aureus and P. aeroginosa, respectively. The in vivo results showed that the experimental infection produced by K. pneumoniae, E. coli, S. typhi and P. aeroginosa was totally inhibited in rats treated by the acorn extraction, while positive control rats died after five days. CONCLUSION: The finding revealed that acorn extract has great potential as antimicrobial compounds against pathogenic microorganisms. Thus, acorn extract can be used in the treatment of infectious diseases caused by resistant bacteria.
Identification of Treponema denticola in subgingival samples by PCR technology and its correlation with clinical diagnosis.
Dabu B, Mironiuc-Cureu M, Jardan D … +1 more , Szmal C
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2011 · PMID 22568260
Treponema denticola has been associated with gingivitis and chronic periodontitis. The aim of this study was to identify Treponema denticola in subgingival samples using PCR technology and to correlate it with clinical d...
Treponema denticola has been associated with gingivitis and chronic periodontitis. The aim of this study was to identify Treponema denticola in subgingival samples using PCR technology and to correlate it with clinical diagnosis of subjects. The study was carried out on seventy patients (20-84 years of age; mean age, 45.06 +/- 12.58) of which 22 individuals with no detectable gingivitis or periodontitis, 4 subjects with chronic gingivitis and 44 subjects with chronic periodontitis. Subgingival plaque samples were collected from five sites in each patient. DNA was extracted from the samples using QIAamp DNA Mini Kit (QIAGEN). Treponema denticola and other four periodontopathogens were found using multiplex polymerase chain reaction followed by a reverse hybridization. The relationship between clinical diagnoses and detection of Treponema denticola was determined with Fisher exact test. The results showed significant differences between diagnostic groups regarding subject proportion. Treponema denticola was detected in 2 out of 22 subjects with no detectable gingivitis or periodontitis, 2 out of 4 subjects with chronic gingivitis, and 40 out of 44 subjects with chronic periodontitis. Our findings suggest that Treponema denticola is closely connected to the initiation and progression of periodontal disease.
New interferons in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C.
Ruţă S, Cernescu C
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2011 · PMID 22106515
The current standard therapy for chronic HCV infection is a combination of pegylated-interferon (PEG-IFN) and weight-based ribavirin, administered for 24-48 weeks, according to the viral genotype. Although the weekly adm...
The current standard therapy for chronic HCV infection is a combination of pegylated-interferon (PEG-IFN) and weight-based ribavirin, administered for 24-48 weeks, according to the viral genotype. Although the weekly administration of pegylated interferons provides superior antiviral efficacy over standard interferon alpha, the rate of sustained virological response rarely overpasses 50% in patients infected with HCV genotypes 1 and 4. Consequently, multiple clinical trials with congeners of interferon (consensus interferon, interferon lambda, albinterferon, and controlled-release interferons) are ongoing. Their main advantages consist in maintenance of viral suppression across a longer dosing interval, avoidance of interdose trough and reduced dosing frequencies (twice or even once per month compared to once per week for the actual PEG-IFNs). Along with these superior pharmacokinetic properties, new interferons are expected to have improved side-effect profiles and better tolerability compared with the currently available formulations, providing an option for otherwise difficult to treat, challenging populations. New interferon formulation can be incorporated into future combination with direct acting antivirals, in order to maintain viral suppression over longer periods and minimize the development of viral resistance.
Survival of H5N1 influenza virus in water and its inactivation by chemical methods.
Mihai ME, Tecu C, Ivanciuc AE … +3 more , Necula G, Lupulescu E, Onu A
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2011 · PMID 22106514
The ability of H5N1 Avian Influenza Virus (AIV) to survive in surface water has been assessed in experimental laboratory conditions, based on non-pathogenic avian reassortant model, by titration of infectivity (TCID50) a...
The ability of H5N1 Avian Influenza Virus (AIV) to survive in surface water has been assessed in experimental laboratory conditions, based on non-pathogenic avian reassortant model, by titration of infectivity (TCID50) at different time intervals, in three different types of water. The effect of different chemicals on AIV's survival was assessed using the same type of experimental model. After exposure to the chemical, followed by growth on a suitable substrate, the AIV was quantified by a real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR). The reassortant virus persisted, and remained infective in aquatic environments, for 12 days at 22-35 degrees C and up to 20 days at 4 degrees C, irrespective of the type of water, supporting the hypothesis of a potential risk for transmitting the virus among birds and contaminating the household water via common sources of water. A significant decrease for AIV persistence models was recorded for sea water, after 12 days, at 35 degrees C. An effective inactivation has been shown when using commercially available products based on glutaraldehyde and penta potassium bis (peroxy mono sulphate) bis(sulphate), respectively. This rapid and safe method for decontamination, developed in this study, might be helpful in implementation of biosafety measures in laboratory and farms against AIV.
A study on apoptosis inducing effects of UVB irradiation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Behzadi P, Behzadi E
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2011 · PMID 22106513
BACKGROUND: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important bacterial pathogen which causes different infectious diseases such as wound and skin lesion infections. The main goal of this study was to induce eventual apoptotic reac...
BACKGROUND: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important bacterial pathogen which causes different infectious diseases such as wound and skin lesion infections. The main goal of this study was to induce eventual apoptotic reactions in ultraviolet-exposed colonies of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The colonies of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were irradiated by UVB light; then, the DNA molecules of control and UVB-exposed colonies were extracted. Eventually, the extracted DNA molecules mixed in loading dye were run in 1% agarose gel containing ethidium bromide. RESULTS: No unusual pattern like DNA laddering bands or smear, were detected upon the 1% agarose gel. DISCUSSION: Through the applied protocol in this survey, the UVB radiation is not able to trigger apoptosis pathway in UV light exposed colonies of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It seems that the cytoprotective property of Heat shock proteins inhibit the inducing effect of UVB light in irradiated colonies of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Optimization of triplex real time PCR for detecting Staphylococcus aureus mecA, pvl and nuc genes.
Vremeră T, Iancu LS, Logigan C … +4 more , Năstase E, Miftode E, Luncă C, Dorneanu O
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2011 · PMID 22106512
Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) allows simultaneous detection of two or more genes, using the same reaction conditions, and so it is possible the rapid detection of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus s...
Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) allows simultaneous detection of two or more genes, using the same reaction conditions, and so it is possible the rapid detection of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains (MRSA) in clinical specimens. This study aimed to implement, for the first time in our laboratory, a triplex real time PCR (RT-PCR) technique for detection of genes encoding resistance to oxacillin and synthesis of Panton Valentine leukocidin (pvl), a pathogenicity factor characteristic for community acquired strains (CA-MRSA). The application of this method will permit the epidemiological surveillance of circulating strains and early application of prevention measures.
Screening for group B streptococcus: a private laboratory experience.
Cristea VC, Duţă M, Neacşu G
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2011 · PMID 22106511
We examined group B streptococcus (GBS) isolates colonizing women at the 35-37 weeks of pregnancy. A total of 257 group B streptococcus (GBS) isolates for serotyped using direct agglutination with a set of commercially a...
We examined group B streptococcus (GBS) isolates colonizing women at the 35-37 weeks of pregnancy. A total of 257 group B streptococcus (GBS) isolates for serotyped using direct agglutination with a set of commercially available antisera (Ia, Ib, II, III, IV, and V) and tested for susceptibility to antimicrobials (penicillin, macrolides, lincosamides, fluoroquinolones and tetracyclines). Fourteen isolates could not be serotyped with the antisera set used in the study. Serotype III was the predominant serotype (33%), followed by serotypes V (23%), and Ia (20%). Whereas all isolates were susceptible to penicillin, the rates of susceptibility to the other antimicrobials tested were the following: 91% for ofloxacin, 80% for clindamycin, 77% for erythromycin, and 4% for tetracycline. More than half (67%) of the macrolide resistant isolates belonged to serotypes V and III. A systematic surveillance of the autochthonous GBS serotypes, performed at the level of laboratories processing a high number of human specimens, is mandatory for strengthening the national epidemiological GBS surveillance. While penicillin remains the drug of choice for intrapartum prophylaxis, the resistance of autochthonous GBS isolates to other antibiotics should be actively monitored.
Helicobacter pylori cultivation from gastric biopsies and susceptibility to antibiotics used in empirical therapy.
Ilie M, Popa M, Chifiriuc MC … +3 more , Baltac A, Constantinescu G, Tănăsescu C
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2011 · PMID 22106510
UNLABELLED: Helicobacter pylori is one of the most common among the numerous bacterial species of the stomach. It is classified as a class 1 carcinogen because of its causal relationship to gastric adenocarcinoma. The ep...
UNLABELLED: Helicobacter pylori is one of the most common among the numerous bacterial species of the stomach. It is classified as a class 1 carcinogen because of its causal relationship to gastric adenocarcinoma. The epidemiology of H. pylori infection is characterized by a marked difference between developing and developed countries. Treatment of H. pylori still remains a challenge due to the high rate of antibiotic resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate the susceptibility of H. pylori strains isolated from gastric biopsies to different antibiotics currently used in the H. pylori infection treatment schemes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Upper gastrointestinal GI endoscopy was performed, followed by the rapid urease test on gastric biopsies. The positive samples were cultivated on specific media under microaerophilic conditions and the antibiotic susceptibility assay was performed on the isolated strains. RESULTS: A positivity rate of 70% was obtained for cultures performed from the biopsy samples positive for the urease test. The resistance rates for the antibiotics used in the classic triple therapy proved to be high, i.e. 92.8% for metronidazole, 50% for amoxicillin and 32% for clarithromycin. The isolated strains proved to be sensitive to ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin. CONCLUSIONS: The role of gastric microbiota and its contribution to the H. pylori associated pathology need to be established. The problem of antibiotic treatment failure in case of resistant H. pylori strains can be surpassed by routine culture and antibiotic susceptibility testings.
Probiotics--an alternative treatment for various diseases.
Vasile N, Ghindea R, Vassu T
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2011 · PMID 22106509
Modulating the microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract through probiotics is an alternative to the conventional treatment of various diseases, based on synthetic drugs. The lifestyle, nutrition and stress of the present...
Modulating the microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract through probiotics is an alternative to the conventional treatment of various diseases, based on synthetic drugs. The lifestyle, nutrition and stress of the present modern society could be among the factors responsible for modifications in the intestinal microbiota, correlated with specific diseases. The present study describes the positive effects of probiotics use, with special reference to the yeasts use in several frequently encountered diseases, such as hypercholesterolemia, the irritable bowel syndrome, gastritis and several uro-genital disorders.
Antimicrobial and anti-pathogenic activity of some thioureides derivatives against Erwinia amylovora phytopathogenic strains.
Măruţescu L, Niţulescu MG, Bucur M … +4 more , Diţu LM, Mihăescu G, Lazăr V, Sesan T
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2011 · PMID 22106508
A series of N-(1-methyl-1 Hpyrazole-4-carbonyl)-thiourea derivatives were assessed for their in vitro antimicrobial and anti-pathogenic activity against twenty-two strains of Erwinia amylovora isolated from different reg...
A series of N-(1-methyl-1 Hpyrazole-4-carbonyl)-thiourea derivatives were assessed for their in vitro antimicrobial and anti-pathogenic activity against twenty-two strains of Erwinia amylovora isolated from different regions in Romania. The compounds were solubilised in dimethylsulfoxide and screened for their in vitro antimicrobial activity. The qualitative screening of the susceptibility spectra of various strains to the compounds was performed by adapted diffusion techniques (distribution of the tested compound solution directly on the solid medium previously seeded with the bacterial inoculums). The quantitative assay of the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC, microg/mL) was based on liquid medium two-fold microdilutions. The subinhibitory concentrations of the tested substances were investigated for their influence on biofilm development on inert substrata. The present study showed that six new thiourea compounds exhibited a low antibacterial activity (MIC values > 500 microg/ml), but the subinhibitory concentrations inhibited the biofilm development on inert substrata. Thus, these results could suggest the usefulness of the tested compounds as control agents for preventing the first stage (colonization) of the infection with the fire blight pathogen.
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