Carbohydrate Polymers[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
A smart fluorescent green corrosion inhibitor: Real-time sensing and inhibition performance of carbon dot-modified chitosan.
Hu J, Hu J
Carbohydr Polym · 2026 Aug · PMID 42230044 · Publisher ↗
The Development of efficient and eco-friendly corrosion inhibitors for copper is essential for protecting metals in electronic and electrical equipment as well as marine engineering. In this study, a carbon dot-modified...
The Development of efficient and eco-friendly corrosion inhibitors for copper is essential for protecting metals in electronic and electrical equipment as well as marine engineering. In this study, a carbon dot-modified chitosan (CS-CDs) corrosion inhibitor was synthesized via pyrolysis and amidation reactions, which enhanced the adsorption performance of chitosan and imparted corrosion-responsive functionality. Electrochemical tests indicated that CS-CDs exhibit excellent corrosion inhibition performance for copper in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution, with an inhibition efficacy of 92.65% at 200 mg/L. Based on DFT and MD simulations, the intrinsic mechanism underlying the enhanced corrosion inhibition performance was revealed at the molecular level. Furthermore, CS-CDs not only possess excellent fluorescence properties but also exhibit a highly sensitive response to Cu. Once the Cu concentration reaches 5 × 10 mol/L or higher, significant fluorescence quenching of the solution is observed, demonstrating its potential for visual monitoring of the corrosion process. This chitosan derivative provides new insight into fluorescent, environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitors and can be used to construct a self-reporting intelligent anti-corrosion field.
Recent advances in smart responsive actuators based on chitosan materials.
Yang S, Song Z, Zhang D … +1 more , Li Y
Carbohydr Polym · 2026 Aug · PMID 42230043 · Publisher ↗
Smart responsive actuators, as the core component of modern detection and sensing technology, harness unique stimuli-perception and self-adaptive deformation abilities, enabling precise signal capture and intelligent con...
Smart responsive actuators, as the core component of modern detection and sensing technology, harness unique stimuli-perception and self-adaptive deformation abilities, enabling precise signal capture and intelligent conversion. Owing to intrinsic biocompatibility, biodegradability and modifiability, chitosan has become an ideal available matrix for construction of smart actuators, exhibiting great using potential in fields of biomedical engineering, soft robots, wearable health monitoring and human-computer interaction. This paper reviews recent advances in chitosan-based smart actuators, including matrix materials forms (stimuli-responsive gels and shape memory polymers), stimuli types such as moisture, pH, light, heat, electricity and magnetism, applications in fields of biomedical engineering, soft robots and real-time monitoring, current challenges and develop trends. In future, functional optimization of chitosan, integration of interdisciplinary technologies and combining artificial intelligence might achieve the focus, promoting the developments of actuators toward precision, minimally invasive and modularization.
Corrigendum to "Pharmaceutical optimization of chitosan tablets is associated with reduced circulating bile acids and fibrosis-related molecular signatures in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis rats" [Carbohydrate Polymers 383 (2026) 125333].
Adachi T, Khan NF, Michihara A … +7 more , Kaneko R, Mizukai Y, Maezaki Y, Kawano K, Kadowaki D, Otagiri M, Anraku M
Carbohydr Polym · 2026 Aug · PMID 42230042 · Publisher ↗
Abstract loading — click title to view on PubMed.
Carboxymethyl chitosan/sodium alginate-based dynamic organic nanocomposite hydrogel for local tumoral targeted therapy.
Cheng H, Song B, Zhou X … +4 more , Meng T, Xiong R, Xi G, Yan G
Carbohydr Polym · 2026 Aug · PMID 42230041 · Publisher ↗
The nanocomposite hydrogels fail to achieve clinical transformation due to their unsatisfactory nanomedicine escapement from hydrogel and suboptimal tumor selectivity. Herein, this work highlights a successful developmen...
The nanocomposite hydrogels fail to achieve clinical transformation due to their unsatisfactory nanomedicine escapement from hydrogel and suboptimal tumor selectivity. Herein, this work highlights a successful development of a polysaccharide-based dynamic organic nanocomposite hydrogel, in which crosslinked nano-prodrugs (NPs) are dispersed within liquid hydrophobic orthoester (OE) and subsequently encapsulated in polysaccharide-based hydrogels crosslinked via dynamic imine bonds. These dynamic imine linkages endow the hydrogel with injectability, self-adaptability, and tumor extracellular pH-responsive biodegradability. OE enables efficient NPs release from the hydrogel, enhances their deep penetration into tumor tissues, and undergoes further degradation to restore NPs to their original particle size. The NPs enhance selective drug accumulation through tumoral intracellular pH-triggered aggregation and enable targeted drug release in response to specific intracellular pH/glutathione conditions, ultimately promoting apoptosis and cytotoxicity through a synergistic interaction between cisplatin and demethylcantharidin. These superior attributes allow for complete tumor suppression without adverse effects. Consequently, this polysaccharide-based dynamic organic nanocomposite hydrogel demonstrates substantial potential for localized tumor-targeted therapy, greatly improving its clinical applicability.
Mechanisms underlying the modification of corn starch granules by raw starch-degrading amylase with substrate-targeting specificity.
Zhong L, Chang W, Yang K … +11 more , Jiang S, Lin J, Shu Y, Zhong Y, Tang Z, Ye X, Ji Y, Zhang L, Huang Y, Cui Z, Li Z
Carbohydr Polym · 2026 Aug · PMID 42230040 · Publisher ↗
In our previous study, CBM20 domain truncation in raw starch-degrading amylase AmyM shifted its substrate preference from amylose to amylopectin double-helical regions, markedly enhancing hydrolysis of corn starch granul...
In our previous study, CBM20 domain truncation in raw starch-degrading amylase AmyM shifted its substrate preference from amylose to amylopectin double-helical regions, markedly enhancing hydrolysis of corn starch granules. Here, normal corn starch was progressively hydrolyzed by AmyM and its CBM20-truncated variant AmyM-TR2 to matched degrees of hydrolysis (DH 15%, 25%, and 45%). AmyM caused apparent amylose content to decrease from 39.8% to 35.8% in M-15 and then increase to 41.1%, whereas AmyM-TR2 induced the opposite trend, reaching a maximum of 44.0% in T-25. AmyM broadly hydrolyzed amylopectin B1 chains and reduced rapidly digestible starch from 56.4% to 45.1-46.8%, facilitating chain rearrangement and partial recovery of ordered structure. In contrast, AmyM-TR2 preferentially cleaved long A and short B1 chains associated with double helices, decreasing slowly digestible starch to 19.3% in T-25 and causing sustained structural disruption. These distinct action modes led to divergent gelatinization and retrogradation behaviors. Nevertheless, corn starch granule modification by both enzymes followed a two-stage progressive modification pattern, in which the dominant regulation shifted from early surface compositional remodeling to later co-regulation by molecular composition and internal structural order, providing insight into the coupled evolution of composition, structure, and functionality in enzyme-modified granular starch.
Precise design of clean-label starch: Mechanisms underlying the regulation of multiscale structure induced by non-thermal physical modification.
Niu X, Niu B, Ji X … +2 more , Shi M, Yan Y
Carbohydr Polym · 2026 Aug · PMID 42230039 · Publisher ↗
Amid the global shift toward clean-label and sustainable food production, this review highlights green, non-thermal physical modification (NTPM) technologies such as high hydrostatic pressure (HHP), ultrasonic (US), cold...
Amid the global shift toward clean-label and sustainable food production, this review highlights green, non-thermal physical modification (NTPM) technologies such as high hydrostatic pressure (HHP), ultrasonic (US), cold plasma (CP), magnetic field (MF), pulsed electric field (PEF), γ-irradiation (IR), and along with other emerging techniques, as promising alternatives to conventional chemical and thermal starch modification methods. These approaches enable precise, multiscale structural regulation of starch from molecular chains to crystalline and morphological levels. The review elucidates how physical field energy modulates, by perturbing hydrogen bond networks, depolymerizing chains, and reconstructing crystalline order, key functional properties such as gelatinization, rheology, gel network formation, and digestion kinetics. It further establishes quantitative structure-property relationships within the physical field-structure-function paradigm, and discusses the potential of modified starches to support gut microbiota health and low glycemic index (GI) food development through controlled digestibility. Key knowledge gaps remain in mechanistic elucidation, scale-up, and the synergistic effects of combined technologies, which await direct experimental validation. Future directions include integrating hurdle strategies, advanced in-situ characterization, and machine learning-based predictive modeling. This review provides a scientific roadmap toward healthier and more sustainable food systems through the advancement of clean-label starches.
Structural characterization and in vitro evaluation of the hypolipidemic activity of the HSP-Ia, a bioactive polysaccharide derived from hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) seeds.
Wang YZ, Li LY, Chen YZ … +8 more , Song DX, Liu FY, Zhang ZY, Guo HL, Li J, Liu T, Ji CF, Guo SD
Carbohydr Polym · 2026 Aug · PMID 42230038 · Publisher ↗
A novel polysaccharide, HSP-Ia, with a molecular weight of 973.6 kDa, was isolated from hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) seed residues using sequential aqueous extraction, ethanol-induced precipitation, and chromatographic frac...
A novel polysaccharide, HSP-Ia, with a molecular weight of 973.6 kDa, was isolated from hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) seed residues using sequential aqueous extraction, ethanol-induced precipitation, and chromatographic fractionation. Its structural attributes were determined through methylation profiling and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The physicochemical characteristics were examined using X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and circular dichroism spectroscopy. The hypolipidemic potential of HSP-Ia was assessed using oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced RAW264.7 macrophages. HSP-Ia was predominantly comprised of glucose, with minor proportions of arabinose and galactose. It had a backbone of →6)-α-D-Glcp-(1 → residues with side chains attached at the O-2 and O-3 positions. HSP-Ia possessed an amorphous, nonuniform, and discontinuous morphology, with height distributions ranging from 0.7 to 10.5 nm. It exhibited a zeta potential of -7.4 mV and retained a triple-helix conformation in aqueous media. Notably, HSP-Ia facilitated lipid efflux in foam cells in a dose-dependent manner, associated with the upregulation of Liver X receptor α/ATP-binding cassette transporter signaling pathway. Overall, these findings enhance the current knowledge of the structural features of hemp seed-derived polysaccharides and underscore the potential application of HSP-Ia as a lipid-modulating agent in the development of functional food products and pharmaceutical formulations.
Self-healing chitosan-catechol hydrogel with tailored self-assembled fibrillar or micellar structures for biomedical applications.
Chen PY, Zhang Y, Hsu SH
Carbohydr Polym · 2026 Aug · PMID 42230037 · Publisher ↗
Mussel-inspired chitosan-catechol hydrogels have garnered attention due to wet adhesion and radical scavenging ability. However, correlation between gel forming conditions and mesoscale self-assembled structures of chito...
Mussel-inspired chitosan-catechol hydrogels have garnered attention due to wet adhesion and radical scavenging ability. However, correlation between gel forming conditions and mesoscale self-assembled structures of chitosan derivatives remains to be elucidated. Herein, homogeneous (CC) and fibrillar (CC') chitosan-catechol hydrogels were selectively fabricated via two different processes, controllable rotary concentration vs. lyophilization-redissolvation. Small-angle X-ray scattering analyses revealed distinct self-assembled structures, nanoclusters (∼4.4 nm) for CC hydrogel and nanofibrils (L ∼ 13 nm) for CC' hydrogel. The fibrillar architectures reinforced CC' with modulus up to ∼2.8 kPa, exceeding that of CC by ≥50-fold. Both CC and CC' can be further reinforced by dynamic long-chain crosslinker, forming chemical network. Micellar crosslinker dampened the strain-hardening of the host network from 98% to 17%, while the linear variant preserved higher energy storage capacity. These self-assembled and crosslinked hydrogels universally possessed injectability, adhesiveness, antioxidation, and self-healing capabilities. Meanwhile, the fibrillar assemblies can guide the alignment and differentiation of neural stem cells. The micellar hydrogel sustains the release of chondrogenic small molecular drug (Y27632) and induces the chondrogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells in the hydrogel. This study establishes a combinatorial chitosan-catechol platform where processing and crosslinking strategies yield various hydrogels with tailored architectures for different biomedical applications.
Chitin-based fillers for thermoplastic composites: A critical review of processing, properties, and performance.
Perez-Bravo JJ, Harings JAW, González-Benito J
Carbohydr Polym · 2026 Aug · PMID 42230036 · Publisher ↗
This review examines the potential of chitin as a filler in polymer science and its applications in the plastics industry. Particular attention is given to recent developments in the production of chitin fibers, crystals...
This review examines the potential of chitin as a filler in polymer science and its applications in the plastics industry. Particular attention is given to recent developments in the production of chitin fibers, crystals, and whiskers, as well as their surface modification and use as reinforcing agents in thermoplastic composites. Chitin is the second most abundant polysaccharide after cellulose and can be extracted from crustacean waste, providing a cost-effective and environmentally friendly source of this valuable biopolymer. Chemical modification of chitin can improve dispersibility, hydrophobicity, and interfacial compatibility with polymer matrices, thereby expanding its potential applications. Incorporating chitin-based fillers into thermoplastic polymers offers opportunities to reduce dependence on fossil-derived materials while enabling the use of low-cost fillers in commodity plastics. Despite this potential, chitin has received comparatively limited attention as a filler material. This review examines potential reasons for this gap and evaluates current strategies to address existing limitations from a chemical and materials perspective. Methods for producing chitin fillers are critically assessed, highlighting their advantages and limitations. Finally, the relationship between chitin structure, filler performance, and economic potential is analyzed, with particular relevance to biodegradable packaging, agricultural mulch films, and lightweight structural materials.
Dual-functional 3-aminobenzenesulfonic acid additive enhances cellulose pretreatment in DMSO-rich ionic liquid systems.
Yang J, Yang S, Li Y … +4 more , Fang Z, He W, Guo K, Lu X
Carbohydr Polym · 2026 Aug · PMID 42230035 · Publisher ↗
Ionic liquids (ILs) are effective agents for cellulose pretreatment but are hindered by high cost and high viscosity. While dilution with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) reduces IL viscosity and consumption, high DMSO content...
Ionic liquids (ILs) are effective agents for cellulose pretreatment but are hindered by high cost and high viscosity. While dilution with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) reduces IL viscosity and consumption, high DMSO content (IL/DMSO ≤4:6, w/w) reduces pretreatment efficacy. Herein, 3-aminobenzenesulfonic acid (ABS) was introduced as an additive to enhance pretreatment efficiency within a 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Amim]Cl)-DMSO system (4:6, w/w). ABS operates through two mechanisms: (1) binding to [Amim] to release Cl (Proven by H and Cl NMR spectroscopy, ESI-MS, and molecular dynamics simulations.), thereby facilitating the disruption of cellulose inter- and intramolecular hydrogen bonds; and (2) promoting β-1,4-glycosidic bond cleavage via its sulfonic acid group, thereby reducing the cellulose degree of polymerization (DP). Adding ABS reduced the crystallinity and DP of regenerated cellulose while increasing its specific surface area and hydrophobicity. Consequently, cellulose enzymatic hydrolysis performance improved significantly. Compared to the baseline [Amim]Cl-DMSO system (initial rate: 2.18 mg/(L·min) and 144 h glucose yield: 25.11%), the addition of 1.2 wt% ABS increased these values to 7.69 mg/(L·min) and 97.32%, respectively. Adding ABS also markedly enhanced corn straw pretreatment efficiency in high-DMSO-content IL-DMSO systems, representing an approach for designing green, efficient, and economical ionic liquid pretreatment systems.
Review of the anticancer potentials of levan.
Adewale OO
Carbohydr Polym · 2026 Aug · PMID 42230034 · Publisher ↗
Polysaccharides are important polymeric molecules widely recognized for their diverse pharmacological activities and long-standing relevance in traditional medicine. Levan, a fructose-based natural polysaccharide derived...
Polysaccharides are important polymeric molecules widely recognized for their diverse pharmacological activities and long-standing relevance in traditional medicine. Levan, a fructose-based natural polysaccharide derived from microbial and plant sources is among the notable polysaccharides and it holds noteworthy potentials owing to its high yield and rate of production, chemical diversity and diverse biological effects. Levan exhibits an extensive range of physicochemical and biological properties, including, self-assembly, biodegradability, high biocompatibility, controlled release capability. Pharmacological studies have also demonstrated its antioxidative, immunomodulatory, and proapoptotic activities, in addition to its tumour growth suppression ability in both in vitro and in vivo cancer models. However, despite its various promising properties, levan remains understudied compared to other well-known polysaccharides such as β-glucans or fucoidans that are more widely studied. This review therefore seeks to bridge this gap by comprehensively discussing the anticancer mechanisms of levan, its recent research findings across various cancer cell types, its potential as an adjunct or alternative cancer therapy and its emergent applications of Levan-based nanoparticulate Systems. This serves as a link between traditional medicine and ethnopharmacological evidence that present levan as a potential agent with anticancer benefits.
A flexible antigen-presenting cell targeting lentinan immunomodulator promotes stimulator of interferon gene-driven cancer therapy.
Miao J, Wang J, Zhu Q … +8 more , Cheng X, Ju J, Zhang M, Guo J, Xu L, Ge G, Jin M, Deng H
Carbohydr Polym · 2026 Aug · PMID 42230033 · Publisher ↗
Activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) via the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling pathway is a promising strategy for cancer therapy. However, the rational engineering of a targeted synergistic immun...
Activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) via the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling pathway is a promising strategy for cancer therapy. However, the rational engineering of a targeted synergistic immunomodulator and its morphological impact for STING activation remains elusive. Herein, we developed an APC-targeting lentinan-STING agonist immunomodulator with flexible and assembled morphological forms for cancer therapy. Lentinan (LN) exhibited intrinsic APC targeting and immune activation characteristics, and the conjugation between lentinan and a STING agonist (DMXAA) not only decreased the toxicity of lentinan toward APC cells, but also realized synergistic STING activation via lentinan and DMXAA. The flexible and assembled morphological forms were readily achieved by tuning the DMXAA loadings of the immunomodulators, denoted as LN-DMXAA(L) and LN-DMXAA(H). The flexible immunomodulator LN-DMXAA(L) with lower DMXAA loading potently induced macrophage reprogramming and dendritic cell maturation as compared with the assembled immunomodulator LN-DMXAA(H) and free drug DMXAA. In a 4 T1 tumor-bearing mice model, LN-DMXAA(L) significantly boosted tumor growth inhibition rate to 78.3% as compared with 46.2% for LN-DMXAA(H) and 27.8% for DMXAA by activating APCs and CD8 T cells via the STING signaling pathway. Thus, this work highlights the conception of a flexible immune-activating polysaccharide-STING agonist immunomodulator for cancer therapy.
Utilizing a crosslinked chitosan Schiff base network-functionalized biochar-MoS composite for enhanced adsorption of anionic dye.
Zhang X, Li W, He W … +4 more , Zhang X, Chen C, Wang T, Wang X
Carbohydr Polym · 2026 Aug · PMID 42230032 · Publisher ↗
The valorization of industrial by-products into high-performance adsorbents offers a sustainable strategy for wastewater treatment. Herein, a composite (CS-MoS/BC) was fabricated by anchoring molybdenum disulfide (MoS) n...
The valorization of industrial by-products into high-performance adsorbents offers a sustainable strategy for wastewater treatment. Herein, a composite (CS-MoS/BC) was fabricated by anchoring molybdenum disulfide (MoS) nanosheets onto brewers' spent grain-derived biochar and subsequently functionalizing it with a crosslinked chitosan Schiff base network. Characterization using SEM, TEM, XRD, FT-IR, XPS, BET, TGA, and EDS confirmed its successful synthesis and tailored structure. Batch adsorption tests showed that the composite efficiently removed methyl orange, with a maximum Langmuir capacity of 404.6 mg g at 298 K. The kinetics followed a pseudo-second-order model (R > 0.99), and thermodynamics indicated a spontaneous and endothermic process. The adsorbent exhibited robust performance over a broad pH range (2-10) and maintained high removal efficiency in the presence of competing ions and real water matrices. It also showed excellent reusability, retaining over 81% of its adsorption capacity after six cycles. The main adsorption mechanisms included electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, n-π, and π-π interactions. This study demonstrates a viable route to convert by-products into efficient and recyclable adsorbents for anionic dye removal.
Multi-mechanistic mitochondria-mediated N-methylated YKWYYRGAA-decorated nano-chitosan conjugate carrier for treatment of NRAS-mutant-harbouring lung carcinoma.
Zaiki Y, Chee CF, Ageitos L … +8 more , Naharudin I, Zainudin BH, Leong LM, Jaime RG, Jimenez C, Gan CY, Traini D, Wong TW
Carbohydr Polym · 2026 Aug · PMID 42230031 · Publisher ↗
Cell targeting/permeabilization, organelle/biochemical pathway regulation, and drug resistance/metastasis/immunological expressions are considerations to advance cancer nanomedicine design. This study modulated mitochond...
Cell targeting/permeabilization, organelle/biochemical pathway regulation, and drug resistance/metastasis/immunological expressions are considerations to advance cancer nanomedicine design. This study modulated mitochondria-targeting YKWYYRGAA (P1) peptide, into a multifunctional excipient via N-methylation and N-dimethylation, to synergise nano-chitosan conjugate in drug delivery and non-small cell lung cancer treatment. The spray-dried chitosan nanoparticles developed from P1, N-methylated YKWYYRGAA (P2) and N-dimethylated YKWYYRGAA (P3) were subjected to physicochemical testing, NRAS-mutated H1299 cell permeability/cytotoxicity/apoptosis and cell cycle arrest/drug resistance/metastasis/immunomodulation assessment, and in vivo pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics investigations. Methylated P2 increased cancer cell permeability/intracellular drug/nanoparticle uptake/drug targeting via sustained- and pH-stimuli responsive release and cytotoxicity unlike P1 and P3 which were ceased at membrane interface by excessive ionic/hydrophobic interactions. P2-grafted nanochitosan induced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis with minimal necrosis via ROS activation and FasL-linked death. It suppressed mTOR/MAPK signalling overcoming EGFR-resistance/EGFR mutation-independent pathways in tumorigenesis. It mitigated drug resistance via downregulating P-gp (efflux receptor) and GSTP1 (degrading enzyme) expressions, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition via interplay of E-cadherin against N-cadherin/snail/twist 1/vimentin/ezrin/MMP9 with MICA/ULBP1 suppression to reduce immunological lung tissue lysis. The inhaled P2-grafted nanochitosan provided a positive lung cancer recovery with reduced systemic exposure and hematological/biochemical toxicities. Single instead of dimethylation of YKWYYRGAA promoted the cascades of inter-dependent anti-cancer activities and efficacy of nanochitosan.
Cellulose handsheet-based piezoresistive sensor with screen-printing-inspired microisland arrays for wearable handwriting recognition.
Zhang H, Miao F, Fan Z … +5 more , Zhang G, Wang Y, Sun X, Guo S, Zhang Y
Carbohydr Polym · 2026 Aug · PMID 42230030 · Publisher ↗
Cellulose-based materials simultaneously exhibit degradability, biocompatibility, and cost-effectiveness, making them promising eco-friendly components for fabricating and advancing wearable electronics. However, irrever...
Cellulose-based materials simultaneously exhibit degradability, biocompatibility, and cost-effectiveness, making them promising eco-friendly components for fabricating and advancing wearable electronics. However, irreversible slippage between cellulose fibers under cyclic loading poses a significant challenge to achieving stable conversion of mechanical stimuli into electrical signals. Herein, we developed a piezoresistive sensor based on cellulose handsheets using a screen-printing-inspired strategy. With the addition of 10 wt% multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), continuous percolating networks formed as robust mechanical scaffolds and reconfigurable conductive pathways, simultaneously enhancing the structural stability of cellulose handsheet and boosting its conductivity to 27.9 S/m. The resulting conductive cellulose handsheets were imprinted into microisland arrays as stress-intensifying architectures and orthogonally integrated to construct piezoresistive sensors. The synergistic effect of percolating networks and microisland arrays endowed the sensors with high sensitivity (58.1 kPa within 0-5.6 kPa), excellent durability (>10,000 cycles), a wide workable pressure range (0-60 kPa), and fast response and recovery times (140/80 ms). Practical applications of the proposed sensors were demonstrated for real-time activity detection and health monitoring. Furthermore, with the assistance of a deep learning algorithm, the sensor achieved 78.8% recognition accuracy for handwritten multi-letter words, highlighting its potential to advance sustainable and intelligent human-machine interactions in wearable electronics.
Characterizing structure-function relationships for a homogeneous, highly 6-O-sulfated keratan sulfate from bovine cornea: collagen binding and anti-inflammatory potential.
Sun Y, Zhou X, Wang Y … +3 more , Song M, Zhang L, Ren Q
Carbohydr Polym · 2026 Aug · PMID 42230029 · Publisher ↗
A structurally homogeneous keratan sulfate (KS) was purified from bovine cornea using an optimized method integrating enzymatic digestion and ion-exchange chromatography. Comprehensive structural analyses, including 1D/2...
A structurally homogeneous keratan sulfate (KS) was purified from bovine cornea using an optimized method integrating enzymatic digestion and ion-exchange chromatography. Comprehensive structural analyses, including 1D/2D NMR, FT-IR, and disaccharide profiling, demonstrated a highly sulfated, linear polymer composed of repeating [-3Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-] units, with predominant 6-O-sulfation on both galactose and N-acetylglucosamine residues, comprising nearly equal proportions of disulfated (Gal6S-GlcNAc6S, 48.63%) and monosulfated (GlcNAc6S, 51.11%) disaccharides, with only trace amounts of non-sulfated units (<0.3%). HPGPC confirmed a narrow molecular weight distribution centered at approximately 43 kDa. Fluorescence quenching spectroscopy demonstrated that KS interacts with collagen with moderate affinity, a 1:1 stoichiometric ratio, and an enthalpy-driven mechanism. Circular dichroism analysis further suggested that KS association induces partial destabilization of the collagen triple-helical structure. At the single-molecule level, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy confirmed the formation of the KS-collagen complex, with further mechanistic insights provided by molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. Functionally, KS attenuated LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages, with network pharmacology implicating multi-target regulation of the TLR4/NF-κB pathway. This study establishes a direct link between the fine structure of corneal KS and its biological functions, providing a quantitative framework for understanding stromal matrix organization and guiding KS-based biomaterial design.
Three-dimensional (3D) printing of cellulose/metal-organic frameworks (CelloMOFs)-based materials.
Abdelhamid HN
Carbohydr Polym · 2026 Aug · PMID 42230028 · Publisher ↗
The integration of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), cellulose-derived materials, and additive printing presents a robust approach for producing tailored, high-performance porous structures. MOFs offer a remarkably high a...
The integration of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), cellulose-derived materials, and additive printing presents a robust approach for producing tailored, high-performance porous structures. MOFs offer a remarkably high active area, adjustable porosity, and chemical functionality; however, their limited processability and mechanical fragility hinder commercial application. Cellulose and its derivatives mitigate these issues by providing sustainability, enhanced mechanical strength, adjustable rheology, and a diverse range of surface chemistries. This review highlights developments in the three-dimensional (3D) printing of cellulose/MOF (CelloMOF) composites. It focuses on strategies to customize the structural, mechanical, and functional attributes of 3D-printed cellulose/MOF composite materials. 3D printing methodologies, e.g., extrusion-based printing, direct ink writing (DIW, or robocasting), and inkjet/reactive inkjet printing, are examined in conjunction with ex situ and in situ strategies for MOF integration. The utilization of 3D-printed CelloMOF composites in biological, electrical, textile, environmental, and energy sectors is emphasized. Furthermore, the existing constraints regarding printability, stability, and scalability are examined, and prospective advancements facilitated by artificial intelligence (AI) in the exploration, design, and enhancement of MOFs and printable composite systems are highlighted. Collectively, these advancements may advance 3D-printed cellulose/MOF composites as a viable foundation for next-generation functional and sustainable materials.
Structure characteristics of a polysaccharide isolated from safflower and its neuroprotective effects against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by LASSO regression analysis of transcriptomic and metabolomic data.
Li W, Li R, Lu Y … +5 more , Chen W, Wu J, Shen L, Wan H, He Y
Carbohydr Polym · 2026 Aug · PMID 42230027 · Publisher ↗
Multi-omics allows for the systematic analysis of molecular information for each biological layer, while also posing the challenge of extracting valuable insights from exponentially growing multi-omics data. Here, we pre...
Multi-omics allows for the systematic analysis of molecular information for each biological layer, while also posing the challenge of extracting valuable insights from exponentially growing multi-omics data. Here, we present a roadmap for multi-omics integrated analysis using a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) strategy. In this study, one novel purified safflower polysaccharide (SP1) was successfully obtained. The main chain of the polysaccharide was →4)-α-D-GalpA. Infarct size measurements and histopathology analysis results revealed the significant neuroprotective effects of SP1 in rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R). Combined transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses identified 341 differentially expressed genes and 317 metabolites altered by SP1 treatment. Ultimately, the Galnt15 gene associated with the neuroprotective effect of SP1 was further identified using the LASSO regression approach. Mechanistically, SP1 upregulated PI3K, AKT, and p-AKT, while downregulating TNF-α, NF-κB p65, p38, and p-p38, indicating that SP1 suppressed inflammation via the p38 MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathways. Molecular docking and dynamics simulation confirmed the high affinity and stability between SP1 and Galnt15. Our study provides a novel strategy to decipher the neuroprotective mechanism of SP1, which may become an effective treatment for ischemic stroke.
Lignin-containing cellulose nanofibril separators: Tailoring microstructure and surface wettability via hydrothermal pretreatment and plasma activation for sodium-ion batteries.
Liu J, Wu P, Qian S … +7 more , Pang S, Huang S, Wang H, Chai X, Zhou X, Du G, Xu K
Carbohydr Polym · 2026 Aug · PMID 42230026 · Publisher ↗
To develop a green, renewable, and low-cost biomass-based separator used in sodium ion batteries (SIBs), an eco-friendly and efficient combination of hydrothermal pretreatment, mechanical grinding, and non-thermal plasma...
To develop a green, renewable, and low-cost biomass-based separator used in sodium ion batteries (SIBs), an eco-friendly and efficient combination of hydrothermal pretreatment, mechanical grinding, and non-thermal plasma activation were performed using renewable bamboo to produce lignin-containing cellulose nanofibrils (LCNFs) for the separator of SIBs. The anode of SIBs installed with the optimal LCNF separator (S-200/60-P), with hydrothermal pretreatment at 200 °C for 60 min and oxygen (O) plasma activation, achieved an initial charge capacity of 328.2 mAh g at 20 mAh g and an exceptional capacity retention rate of 98.22% after 500 cycles. The reduction of hydrogen bonding among nanofibrils, resulting from lignin retaining, formed a loose porous microstructure with an improved specific surface area (93.212 m g) and median pore size (10.269 nm). The abundant carbonyl, carboxylate, and pyridinic nitrogen groups on the LCNF separator introduced by plasma treatment enhanced electrolyte affinity and promoted uniform ion flux. Theoretical calculations revealed that lignin exhibited a lower dissociation energy (0.544 eV) for sodium perchlorate compared to cellulose (0.653 eV), indicating that lignin promoted the desolvation of sodium ions from the solvent coordination layer, thereby facilitating their transportation into the electrolyte.
Tailoring recycled paper structure through mechanical refining to optimize polysaccharide-stabilized beeswax barrier coatings.
Bastida GA, Aguado RJ, Tarrés Q … +2 more , Spirk S, Delgado-Aguilar M
Carbohydr Polym · 2026 Aug · PMID 42230025 · Publisher ↗
The development of sustainable packaging requires improving the barrier properties of renewable materials like paper, which inherently lacks gas and moisture resistance. This work investigates how engineering paper's phy...
The development of sustainable packaging requires improving the barrier properties of renewable materials like paper, which inherently lacks gas and moisture resistance. This work investigates how engineering paper's physical structure through mechanical refining can enhance the performance of a novel bio-based coating. Recycled fiber pulps were refined to different intensities to obtain handsheets with varied porosity, which were then coated with a beeswax-in-water Pickering emulsion stabilized by TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers. Two application rods were used to control coating thickness. Refining was identified as a critical factor governing coating-substrate interaction. Microscopic analysis showed that on less-refined, porous paper, the coating penetrated deeply into the fiber matrix, whereas on highly refined, denser paper, reduced porosity promoted coating hold-out, forming a more uniform and continuous film. This improved film formation led to major barrier enhancements. The optimal combination of high refining and thicker coating yielded up to 94% reduction in water vapor transmission rate, a > 90% decrease in air permeability, and an increase in water contact angle to 110°. Grease resistance also improved, reaching a Kit rating of 10. These findings demonstrate that co-designing paper structure and coating is crucial for developing high-performance, functional, and sustainable packaging materials.
About
- Frequency
- Sun
- Papers found
- 200
- RSS feed
- Subscribe