Indian Journal Of Clinical Biochemistry[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Harmful Free Radicals in Aging: A Narrative Review of Their Detrimental Effects on Health.
Mustafa YF
Indian J Clin Biochem · 2024 Apr · PMID 38577147 · Full text
The production of harmful free radicals (H-FRs), especially those with oxygen or nitrogen atoms, depends on both internal and environmental causes. The negative effects of H-FRs are greatly alleviated by antioxidant prot...
The production of harmful free radicals (H-FRs), especially those with oxygen or nitrogen atoms, depends on both internal and environmental causes. The negative effects of H-FRs are greatly alleviated by antioxidant protection. The harmful impact of oxidative stress, or OS, is brought on by a disparity between the defense mechanisms of the body and the creation of H-FRs. Aging is characterized by a slow decline in tissue and organ competence. Age-mediated pathologies start as an aberrant accumulation of H-FRs, which inhibit cells' capacity to divide, repair, and operate, based on the OS theorem of aging. The natural outcome of this situation is apoptosis. These conditions may include skeletal muscle dysfunction, cancer, cardiovascular, chronic hepatitis, chronic renal, and chronic pulmonary disorders. Given the substantial role that OS plays in the progression of many of these illnesses, antioxidant-based therapy may have a favorable impact on how these diseases progress. To ascertain the true efficacy of this therapy strategy, more research is necessary. The aim of this study is to provide an overview of the literature on this challenging issue that is attracting interest.
Clinico-Etiopathogenesis of Vitamin B12, Folic Acid and Iron Deficiency in Severe Acute Malnutrition Children: A Tertiary Care Hospital Experience from Central India.
Shukla P, Pandey SK, Singh J … +3 more , Bajaj N, Tripathi G, Dwivedi S
Indian J Clin Biochem · 2024 Apr · PMID 38577146 · Full text
In severe acute malnutrition, micronutrient deficiency as well as protein energy malnutrition is a major obstacle to growth & development. Iron deficiency dominates the spectrum of nutritional anemia. After taking inform...
In severe acute malnutrition, micronutrient deficiency as well as protein energy malnutrition is a major obstacle to growth & development. Iron deficiency dominates the spectrum of nutritional anemia. After taking informed consent, 211 SAM children and 211 age-and sex-matched healthy children with normal nutritional status were enrolled for the study. MUAC was used to diagnose SAM. A 5-part automated hematoanalyzer was used to measure the complete blood count and red cell indices, and the peripheral smear method to determine the red cell morphology. We measured serum ferritin, Vitamin B12, and folic acid using the ELISA method. Compared to controls, children with SAM had significantly lower red cell indices, platelet counts, and white cell counts. The most common clinical symptoms seen in SAM children were diarrhea, pneumonia, acute gastroenteritis, and acute respiratory infection. Children with SAM are more likely to suffer from iron deficiency and B12 deficiency. Severe vitamin B12 deficiency was more frequently associated with severe anemia. The severe anemia in SAM children constantly changes the body's defense mechanism, affecting the haematopoiesis. In this study, haematological indices are recommended for predicting severity of anemia, and hematopoietic changes are described, in order to improve anticipatory care and outcome in children with SAM.
Evaluation of Laboratory Performance in Consideration with Pre analytical and Post analytical Quality Indicators.
Gajjar D, Agravatt A, Khubchandani A … +1 more , Parchwani DN
Indian J Clin Biochem · 2024 Apr · PMID 38577145 · Full text
Implementation of Quality indicators (QIs) plays an imperative role in improving the total testing process, as it provides a quantitative basis for evaluating the laboratory performance. Besides monitoring of analytical...
Implementation of Quality indicators (QIs) plays an imperative role in improving the total testing process, as it provides a quantitative basis for evaluating the laboratory performance. Besides monitoring of analytical quality specifications, several lines of experimental and clinical evidence have alluded a pivotal role of extra-analytical phases in improving the quality of laboratory services and therefore a relevance of pre- and post-analytical steps have been speculated on the overall quality in the total testing process and consequently on clinical decision-making. This was a retrospective study designed to evaluate and review different extra-analytical quality indicators in NABL accredited clinical biochemistry laboratory at BJ Medical College and Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat in an endeavour to ameliorate the performance of the laboratory. All Clinical Chemistry Laboratory test requests with their respective samples from January 2018 to December 2021 were included in the study. A total of 1,439,011samples were processed, and were evaluated for seven QIs [(% of number of suitable samples not received; QI-8), (% of number of samples received in inappropriate container; QI-9), (% of number of samples hemolysed; QI-10), (% of number of samples with inadequate sample volume; QI 12) (% of number of samples received mismatched; QI 15), (% of number of samples reported after turnaround time; QI 21) and (% of number of samples with critical values informed; QI 22)] based on defined criteria of Quality Specification given by International Federation of Clinical Chemistry. Total number of preanalytical errors was 53,669 (3.72%). Among the preanalytical errors, inadequate sample volume (2.37% of total samples; 63.49% of total pre-analytical errors) was the most common anomaly followed by Not received samples (24.18%) hemolysis (8.26%) mismatched (3.91%) and 0.14% samples were received in Inappropriate container; manifesting that the error frequency was unacceptable for QI 21 and QI 8, acceptable for QI 10, minimally acceptable for QI 15 and optimum for QI QI 9. Furthermore, there was year-wise progressive decline in error rate of inadequate sample volume, hemolysed sample received and mismatched samples. Total number of post analytical errors were 19,002 (1.32%). TAT outlier and critical values communicated were the two QIs evaluated for this phase and results of both QI were within acceptable limits. Quality indicators serve as a tool to monitor process performance and consequently derived error rates warrant active intervention to improve the laboratory services and patient health care. Dissemination of certified documents, regular staff training and evaluation needs to be conducted.
Establishing an External Quality Assessment (EQA) Program for Urinalysis in Medical Laboratories of Thailand.
Bordeerat NK, Fongsupa S, Dansethakul P … +2 more , Rungpanitch U, Pidetcha P
Indian J Clin Biochem · 2024 Apr · PMID 38577144 · Full text
Thailand Association of Clinical Biochemists (TACB) introduced External Quality Assurance schemes (EQAs) for urinalysis (UA) using urine strips in medical laboratories of Thailand. The few available External Quality Asse...
Thailand Association of Clinical Biochemists (TACB) introduced External Quality Assurance schemes (EQAs) for urinalysis (UA) using urine strips in medical laboratories of Thailand. The few available External Quality Assessment (EQA) programs on urinary microalbumin rarely include an evaluation of clinical cases. The aim of the present study was to assess a descriptive analysis of biochemical urinalysis including urine microalbumin in the Thailand laboratory practice. From January 2021 to December 2021, four surveys were organized. EQA urine samples were distributed to the participants by mail. The participants measured the UA of 2 samples quarterly and returned the results together with the information about their instruments and suggestion for the performance of the laboratory report quarterly. Moreover, summary of the situation of each laboratory performance was feedbacked by online system. Fifty-eight laboratories participated in the survey. The EQA panels included positive and negative samples. The analytical results for passed parameters of urine chemical test range from 79.3-100%. All special tests; microalbumin, creatinine, and beta-HCG showed correct result from 85.1-96.1%. The overall accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity were 92.6, 85.7, and 75,4%, respectively. The major issues were observed: the low sensitivity for the detection of low-concentration samples and the incapacity of several methods to detect the positive sample. The assessment is needed to continuously evaluate the improvement proficiency of laboratories in Thailand.
Hesperidin Supplementation Improves Altered PON -1, LDL Oxidation, Inflammatory Response and Hepatic Function in an Experimental Rat Model of Hyperlipidemia.
Kumar R, Khan MI, Ashfaq F … +4 more , Alsayegh AA, Khatoon F, Altamimi TN, Rizvi SI
Indian J Clin Biochem · 2024 Apr · PMID 38577143 · Full text
In this study, we have examined the effect of hesperidin on rats fed on an experimental high-fat diet. Male Wistar rats were given a high-fat diet orally for one month for developing an HFD (High fat- diet) model. Rats w...
In this study, we have examined the effect of hesperidin on rats fed on an experimental high-fat diet. Male Wistar rats were given a high-fat diet orally for one month for developing an HFD (High fat- diet) model. Rats were also supplemented with hesperidin (100 mg/kg body weight) for one month. We determined serum LDL (Low-density lipoprotein) oxidation, Paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity, and histopathological profile of the liver. Inflammatory cytokines levels were also measured in serum. HFD induced significant changes in LDL oxidation and PON-1 activity. Liver tissue histopathology and gene expression of inflammatory markers (Il-6(Interleukin-6), TNF- alpha (Tumor necrosis factor alpha), NF-KB (Nuclear factor kappa B) show that significant changes occur in the hyperlipidemic model of rats. We also show that hesperidin can effectively improve plasma antioxidant, LDL oxidation, and inflammatory cytokine expression in rats already subjected to hyperlipidemic stress. We conclude that hesperidin may protect the liver from oxidative stress by improving hepatic function.
Recent Domains in Telomere and Telomerase Targeting for Accomplished Cancer Therapy.
Prasad R, Kaur G
Indian J Clin Biochem · 2024 Apr · PMID 38577142 · Full text
Abstract loading — click title to view on PubMed.
Circulating miRNA-21 Levels in Breast Cancer Patients Before and After Chemotherapy and Its Association with Clinical Improvement.
Sukhija S, Purohit P, Pareek P … +7 more , Garg PK, Vishnoi JR, Elhence PA, Varthya SB, Sharma P, Ambwani S, Charan J
Indian J Clin Biochem · 2024 Apr · PMID 38577141 · Full text
Breast cancer is the most frequent type of cancer in women, many patients experience recurrences and metastasis. miR-21 (microRNA-21) as biomarker is under investigation for breast cancer. At present, there is very limit...
Breast cancer is the most frequent type of cancer in women, many patients experience recurrences and metastasis. miR-21 (microRNA-21) as biomarker is under investigation for breast cancer. At present, there is very limited information available regarding effect of chemotherapy on miR-21 expression in breast cancer and its correlation with the clinical improvement. Hence, this study was planned to evaluate the effect of chemotherapy on miR-21 in metastatic breast cancer and its relationship with the clinical outcome. Females, aged-18-90 years diagnosed with Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of breast and candidate of neoadjuvant chemotherapy including Adriamycin (60 mg/m), Cyclophosphamide (600 mg/m) with or without Taxane (75-175 mg/m) were included in the study. Before and after 42 days of staring of chemotherapy sample was collected for circulatory miR-21 and RECIST 1.1 criteria was applied to assess the clinical status. Blood samples for routine clinical biomarkers including liver function test and renal function tests was also collected. miR-21 expression before and after chemotherapy was assessed using standard method based on real time PCR. Expression of miR-21, RECIST criteria and other liver and kidney related biomarkers were compared before and after chemotherapy. After neoadjuvant chemotherapy expression of miR-21 was significantly increased by 5.65-fold. There was significant improvement in clinical scores based on RECIST criteria (0.046). No significant correlation was observed between miR-21 expression and difference in RECIST score (r = - 0.122, = 0.570). Neoadjuvant chemotherapy causes clinical improvement in breast cancer patients however it is not correlated with the miR-21 expression which significantly increased after chemotherapy.
The Hepatocurative Effects of Alkaloids on Tetrachloromethane-Induced Hepatotoxicity on Albino Rats.
Ayoka TO, Nwachukwu N, Ene AC … +2 more , Igwe CU, Nnadi CO
Indian J Clin Biochem · 2024 Apr · PMID 38577140 · Full text
The study investigated the hepatocurative activity of the bulk alkaloids of in a tetrachloromethane (CCl)-induced hepatotoxicity model in rats. The hepatocurative activity of the alkaloids at 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg dose...
The study investigated the hepatocurative activity of the bulk alkaloids of in a tetrachloromethane (CCl)-induced hepatotoxicity model in rats. The hepatocurative activity of the alkaloids at 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg doses was demonstrated by the assay of both enzymic and non-enzymic parameters. Sections of the liver were also subjected to histological examinations. Mapping techniques and data visualization approaches were adopted in finding relationships between the enzymic and non-enzymic parameters and the treatment groups. The bulk alkaloids caused dose-dependent effects on both the enzymic and non-enzymic parameters. The bulk alkaloids elicited a significant reduction ( < 0.05) in all liver and antioxidant enzymes activities compared with the untreated. The 600 mg/kg dose caused the restoration of the ALP, ALT and AST to 76.16, 10.72 and 11.83 iU/L respectively similar to the standard butylated hydroxytoluene. The 600 mg/kg dose also caused a slight increase in the activities of SOD, catalase and GPx to 11.45. 1.37 and 11.66 iU/L respectively when compared with the untreated rats. In the non-enzymic assays, the 600 mg/kg dose elicited a significant ( < 0.05) upregulation in the total bilirubin (1.18 mg/100 mL), total protein (3.75 g/dL), HDL (1.80 mMol/L) and vitamin C (2.41 mg/dL) and decrease in the CHOL (3.35 g/dL), TAG (1.85 mMol/L), LDL (0.67 mMol/L), BUN (39.55 mg/dL) and MDA (1.13 nMol/mL) when compared with the untreated rats. The restoration of the natural histo-architecture of the CCl-damaged liver by the alkaloids further evidenced the hepatocurative activity of the bulk alkaloids.
Identification of Genetic Variants in Exon 4 of TP53 in Lung Carcinoma and in Silico Prediction of Their Significance.
Prasad R, Sharma K, Bhutani K … +3 more , Prasad S, Manhas S, Kishan J
Indian J Clin Biochem · 2024 Apr · PMID 38577139 · Full text
Lung cancer is a severe and the leading cause of cancer related deaths in men and women all over the world. Tumor suppressor protein (TP53) encoded by the TP53 gene which plays a pivotal role in various cellular tumor su...
Lung cancer is a severe and the leading cause of cancer related deaths in men and women all over the world. Tumor suppressor protein (TP53) encoded by the TP53 gene which plays a pivotal role in various cellular tumor suppression processes viz cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Henceforth, the present study was aimed to TP53 exon4 variants from lung carcinoma. Histopathologic and clinically proven 20 patients of lung cancer were enrolled in this study the average age of patients was 45 ± 8 years which categorized as early onset of lung cancer. Genomic DNA was isolated from the blood specimen of patients. Extracted DNA was subjected to PCR amplification for exon 4 of TP53 using appropriate primers and subsequently amplified products were applied to nucleotide alterations via using the DNA sanger sequencing. The genetic analysis documented five variants in exon4 of TP53 which include viz. 4 substitutions [c.215 > C at codon 72, C. 358-359AA > GG at codon 120] were highly prevalent, occurring in 63% and 25% frequency in patients. Other two variants viz. C. 358 A > C at codon 120, C. 365T > G at codon 122 were present at frequency of 15% whilst one deletion variant [152 del C] was found with 5% frequency. Furthermore, alterations on codon 72, 120,122 and 51 were characterized as possibly damaging by Poly Phen-2 and decreased stability using stability bioinformatic tool. Taken together all these findings infer that TP53 gene involved in modulation and susceptibility to lung cancer.
Occupational and Environmental Exposure Influences the Inflammatory (Pro-and Anti-) Status in Benign Prostate Hyperplasia and Prostate Carcinoma Patients: A Retrospective Analysis.
Dwivedi S, Sharma P, Goel A … +3 more , Khattri S, Misra S, Pant KK
Indian J Clin Biochem · 2024 Apr · PMID 38577138 · Full text
Multiple diseases and disorders are connected with occupational and environmental exposure risk. It is also well-established that chemicals and chemical mixtures have an influence on the immune cells of humans. This is a...
Multiple diseases and disorders are connected with occupational and environmental exposure risk. It is also well-established that chemicals and chemical mixtures have an influence on the immune cells of humans. This is an important field of research that has been pursued extensively in relation to autoimmune illnesses, allergy/asthma, and lung cancer, but Prostate Carcinoma has received rare reports. Chronic chemical exposure is known to produce inflammation, which is one of the most prominent characteristics of all malignancies. Changes in the ratio of pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory molecules are thought to be a key factor in the emergence of inflammation. Prostate gland cells express the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-18 (IL-18), which is a major facilitator of immunological responses. Conversely, interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine that is linked to immune responses and inhibits the development of an inflammatory environment. Our goal is to investigate the inflammatory status of IL-18 (pro-) and IL-10 (anti-) in a variety of occupationally exposed populations in patients with Benign Prostate Hyperplasia (BPH) and patients with Prostate Carcinoma. The present study was conducted with 664 subjects, comprising 285 Prostate Carcinoma patients, 94 BPH patients and 285 controls. The subjects of BPH and Prostate Carcinoma were screened and confirmed on the basis of Prostate Serum Antigen (PSA) and pathological biopsy. All subjects were categorized as per their occupational exposure into various groups. The pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory Interleukins (IL-18 and IL-10) and serum PSA levels were analysed by using corresponding quantitative ELISA kits. The results showed that as compared to control participants, the serum PSA levels were higher in the Prostate Carcinoma and BPH groups. When mean levels of IL-18 were compared between various occupational groups, Tanners (tanning industry), Agriculture, and Ordnance workers had significantly higher levels ( < 0.05) of IL-18 than sedentary workers. The pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-18) levels were also found to be aggravated in Prostate Carcinoma compared to BPH and controls. According to the findings of the current study, the levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-18 and IL-10) in various occupational groups of BPH, Prostate Carcinoma, and controls were altered. Long-term occupational exposure may have a negative influence on inflammation levels and the immune system; therefore, preventative measures should be explored for improved health.
Obesity: An Impact with Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases.
Dutta S, Singhal AK, Suryan V … +1 more , Chandra NC
Indian J Clin Biochem · 2024 Apr · PMID 38577137 · Full text
The authors sought to correlate the complex sequel of obesity with various parameters known to develop metabolic syndrome viz. insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hypertension etc., as these anomalies are linked to vascula...
The authors sought to correlate the complex sequel of obesity with various parameters known to develop metabolic syndrome viz. insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hypertension etc., as these anomalies are linked to vascular atherosclerosis and outbreak of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. A comprehensive online survey using MEDLINE, Scopus, PubMed and Google Scholar was conducted for relevant journals from 1970 till present time (2023) with key search terms like: 'obesity', 'leptin', type-2 diabetes', 'atherosclerosis', 'cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases'. The findings of the reports were compared and correlated. The information was then collated for developing this review. Reports showed that in human obesity, hyper-leptinemia could induce hyperglycemia, which in turn templates hypercholesterolemia. Persisting hypercholesterolemia over a period of time may en-route atherosclerosis in blood vessels. Thus obesity has been considered as a template for originating hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia and outbreak of vascular atherogenesis or in other words, obesity in long run can trigger atherosclerosis and its related disorders e.g. heart attack and stroke. Literature survey shows that primarily, co-morbidities of human obesity start with leptin and insulin resistance and then multiplies with metabolic irregularities to an extreme that results in pathogenesis of heart attack and stroke. Atherosclerosis associated cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events are independent risks of obese subjects and particularly in the cases of persisting obesity.
Therapeutic Potential of Morin Hydrate Against Rifampicin Induced Hepato and Renotoxicity in Albino Wistar Rats: Modulation of Organ Function, Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Response.
Rana HK, Singh AK, Pandey AK
Indian J Clin Biochem · 2024 Apr · PMID 38577136 · Full text
Tuberculosis (TB) is a challenging public health issue, particularly in poor and developing countries. Rifampicin (RIF) is one of the most common first-line anti-TB drugs but it is known for its adverse effects on the he...
Tuberculosis (TB) is a challenging public health issue, particularly in poor and developing countries. Rifampicin (RIF) is one of the most common first-line anti-TB drugs but it is known for its adverse effects on the hepato-renal system. The present study investigated the efficacy of morin hydrate (MH) in protecting hepato-renal damage inflicted by RIF in rats. RIF (50 mg/kg), and a combination of RIF (50 mg/kg) and MH (50 mg/kg) were administered orally for 4 weeks in rats. Silymarin (50 mg/kg) was used as a positive control. Increased levels of serological parameters such as AST, ALT, ALP, LDH, GGT, bilirubin, triglyceride, total cholesterol, urea, uric acid, creatinine, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6 along with the decreased level of IL-10, total protein and albumin were used as markers of hepatic and renal injury. Oxidative damage in the tissues was measured by the increase in lipid peroxidation and decline in GSH, SOD and catalase activities. Histopathology of liver slices was used to study hepatic architecture. Four-week RIF treatment produced altered serological parameters with an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines in serum suggesting hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. The antioxidant status of the liver and kidney (increased lipid peroxidation and decline in GSH, SOD and catalase) was compromised. Cellular damage and necrosis were observed in liver slices. MH supplementation with RIF improved hepato-renal functions by restoring the serum and tissue markers towards normal values. Histological observations authenticated the results. MH supplementation also reduced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Thus, the results revealed that MH provides protection against RIF-induced hepato-renal injury.
Nanocrocin Protective Effects on Paraquat-Induced Oxidative Stress in the MRC-5 Cell Line.
Harsin AO, Firozian F, Ahmadabadi AN … +2 more , Soleimani M, Ranjbar A
Indian J Clin Biochem · 2024 Apr · PMID 38577135 · Full text
Paraquat (PQ) herbicide poisoning is a severe medical problem in developing countries without suitable therapy. This study aimed to investigate the effects of crocin (CCN) and nano crocin (NCCN) on PQ -induced toxicity i...
Paraquat (PQ) herbicide poisoning is a severe medical problem in developing countries without suitable therapy. This study aimed to investigate the effects of crocin (CCN) and nano crocin (NCCN) on PQ -induced toxicity in the MRC-5 cell line. The results showed that the particle size of NCCN was 140.3 ± 18.0 nm, and the zeta potential of the optimal crocin-loaded niosomes was 23.4 ± 2.8 mV. The NCCN was more effective than CCN in the inhibition of PQ-induced toxicity. Treatment of the MRC-5 cells leads to a decrease in ROS and an increase in SOD, CAT, GPX, and TAC levels in PQ-CCN and PQ-NCCN groups compared with the PQ group. These changes tended to be positively associated with the NCCN compared to CCN. Overall, NCCN was more effective than crocin in treating PQ-induced toxicity in vitro and deserved further preclinical consideration.
Establishment of Age Specific Reference Interval for Aminoacids and Acylcarnitine in Dried Blood Spot by Tandem Mass Spectrometry.
Kumar BV, Kadiyala P, Ponmalar P … +2 more , Pauline L, Srinivasan S
Indian J Clin Biochem · 2024 Apr · PMID 38577134 · Full text
The Extended Screening for Inborn Errors of Metabolism is done for aminoacidopathies, fatty acid oxidation disorders and organic acid disorders. In a single dried blood spot, the tandem mass spectrometry is capable of me...
The Extended Screening for Inborn Errors of Metabolism is done for aminoacidopathies, fatty acid oxidation disorders and organic acid disorders. In a single dried blood spot, the tandem mass spectrometry is capable of measuring multiple analytes like amino acids, acylcarnitines, nucleosides, succinylacetone and lysophosphatidylcholines. This study was proposed to establish age specific reference internal for aminoacids and acylcartinitine in dried blood spot by tandem mass spectrometry. A total of 480 apparently healthy children were enrolled for the study and sub classified into four groups as follows: Group A: 0-1 month, Group B: 1 month-1 year, Group C: 1-5 year and Group D: 5-12 years each having 120 participants. Sample size were calculated as per CLSI approved guidelines. Tables 1 and 2 presents the age-specific percentile distribution of aminoacids and acylcarnitines established from healthy subjects as per rank-based method recommended by the IFCC and CLSI. Tables 3, 4 and 5 presents the cut-off values of primary and secondary marker/ratios for screening of aminoacidopathies, fatty acid oxidation disorders and organic acid disorders respectively. As a general principle, the interpretation of extended newborn screening results should be based on age specific cut-off established by the laboratory for primary analyte concentration and secondary analyte concentration/ ratios. This study was useful in establishing age specific cut-off values for various amino acids and acylcarnitines in South Indian population. [Table: see text] [Table: see text] [Table: see text] [Table: see text] [Table: see text].
Biochemical Significance of miR-155 and miR-375 as Diagnostic Biomarkers and Their Correlation with the NF-κβ/TNF-α Axis in Breast Cancer.
Abdel-Samed SA, Hozyen WG, Shaaban SM … +1 more , Hasona NA
Indian J Clin Biochem · 2024 Apr · PMID 38577133 · Full text
Serum microRNAs (miRs) have recently been proposed as potential cancer biomarkers for early detection. Thyroid hormones play a crucial role in human health, and their alterations are linked to a range of diseases, such a...
Serum microRNAs (miRs) have recently been proposed as potential cancer biomarkers for early detection. Thyroid hormones play a crucial role in human health, and their alterations are linked to a range of diseases, such as breast cancer. The relationship between NF-κβ, TNF-α, and non-coding RNAs is an urgent need for clinical trials. This study aimed to investigate serum expression folds of miR-155 and miR-375 and their correlations with NF-κβ and TNF-α in breast cancer patients. The current study was conducted on 183 unrelated female participants. Serum levels of free T3 and T4, as well as expression folds of miR-155 and miR-375, were significantly higher in patients with fibroadenoma and breast cancer, despite TSH being significantly lower. Additionally, the signaling of TNF-alpha and NF-κβ were found to be significantly upregulated in the serum of patients with breast cancer. Up-regulation of miR-155 and miR-375 expression may be diagnostic biomarkers of breast cancer, pointing to the role of NF-κβ and TNF-α expression in miR-155 and miR-375 expression as therapeutic targets of breast cancer in the future.
The Contribution of Serum Sialic Acid Binding Immunoglobulin-Like Lectin 1(sSIGLEC-1) as an IFN I Signature Biomarker in the Progression of Atherosclerosis in Egyptian Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Patients.
Nasser M, Wadie M, Farid A … +1 more , El Amir A
Indian J Clin Biochem · 2024 Apr · PMID 38577132 · Full text
Clinical symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), such as atherosclerosis and related cardiovascular diseases, are caused by inflammatory cytokines and endothelial cell damage. The serum sialic acid binding immuno...
Clinical symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), such as atherosclerosis and related cardiovascular diseases, are caused by inflammatory cytokines and endothelial cell damage. The serum sialic acid binding immunoglobulin-like lectin 1 (sSIGLEC-1) is thought to be an alternative biomarker of IFN signature and may have a role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The aim of the study was to measure the levels of sSIGLEC-1 in the serum of SLE patients in comparison to a control group and examine the associations between sSIGLEC-1, SLEDAI, lipid profile, oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL), and carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) to investigate whether sSIGLEC-1 participates in the development of atherosclerosis. sSIGLEC-1 levels were tested in 53 patients and 20 volunteers using ELISA kit. Duplex measurements were performed on all subjects to measure CIMT. SLE patients had significantly higher values of sSIGLEC-1 ( < 0.0001), total cholesterol ( = 0.029), triglycerides ( = 0.001), low density lipoprotein ( = 0.032), oxLDL ( = 0.001), right CIMT ( = 0.0099) and a significantly lower value of high-density lipoprotein ( = 0.04) when compared to controls. sSIGLEC-1 had significant positive correlations with right CIMT (r = 0.5, < 0.0002) and oxLDL (r = 0.67, < 0.0001) in all SLE patients. When compared to non-dyslipidemic patients, the dyslipidemic group exhibited significantly higher levels of all previous parameters except HDL and left CIMT. Circulating form of SIGLEC-1 accelerates atherosclerosis and provides a simple way to predict the occurrence of atherosclerosis in SLE patients.
Relationship between Cytokines and Metabolic Syndrome Components: Role of Pancreatic-Derived Factor, Interleukin-37, and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in Metabolic Syndrome Patients.
Abdel-Moneim A, Mahmoud R, Allam G … +1 more , Mahmoud B
Indian J Clin Biochem · 2024 Jan · PMID 38223016 · Full text
UNLABELLED: The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a serious public health issue that affects people all over the world. Notably, insulin resistance, prothrombotic activity, and inflammatory state are associated with MetS. Thi...
UNLABELLED: The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a serious public health issue that affects people all over the world. Notably, insulin resistance, prothrombotic activity, and inflammatory state are associated with MetS. This study aims to explore the relationship between cytokines and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), pancreatic-derived factor (PANDER), and interleukin (IL-)-37 and the accumulation of MetS components. Eligible participants were divided into four groups as follows: group 1, patients with dyslipidemia; group 2, patients with dyslipidemia and obesity; group 3, patients with dyslipidemia, obesity, and hypertension; and group 4, patients with dyslipidemia, obesity, hypertension, and hyperglycemia. This study exhibited that serum levels of TNF-α and PANDER were significantly elevated (P < 0.001) in the MetS groups, while IL-37 level and IL-37 mRNA expression were significantly decreased (P < 0.001) relative to healthy controls. Moreover, this study has revealed significant correlations (P < 0.001) between MetS components and TNF-α, PANDER, and IL-37 levels in MetS patients. The aforementioned results suggested the association between the proinflammatory cytokine (TNF-α and PANDER) and anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-37) with the accumulation of MetS components. Hence, the overall outcome indicated that PANDER and IL-37 may be considered novel biomarkers associated with increased risk of MetS and can be used as a promising therapeutic target in preventing, ameliorating, and treating metabolic disorders. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12291-022-01079-z.
Assessment of Biotransformed Silica Nanoparticle on Blood Glucose Level in Human: An In Vitro Investigation.
Mukherjee A, Debbarman T, Siddiqi SS … +4 more , Islam SN, Ahmad A, Mujahid M, Banerjee BD
Indian J Clin Biochem · 2024 Jan · PMID 38223015 · Full text
Diabetes has affected nearly half a billion people worldwide. According to current guidelines, glycemic control is essential to mitigate diabetic complications. The antihyperglycemic effects of various chemically synthes...
Diabetes has affected nearly half a billion people worldwide. According to current guidelines, glycemic control is essential to mitigate diabetic complications. The antihyperglycemic effects of various chemically synthesized nanoparticles have been reported in animal models. However, their impact on humans has not been previously reported. This study was conducted to biosynthesize and assess the antihyperglycemic property of silica nanoparticles (SiO-NPs) since they are non-toxic and biocompatible. SiO-NPs biosynthesized using the endophytic fungus . In this collaborative study, 26 people, either hyperglycemic or euglycemic, diagnosed at the Endocrinology Outpatients, according to the American Diabetes Association, USA, were recruited. Silica nanoparticles were characterized and assessed for in vitro antihyperglycemic property using blood samples. Particle size distribution based on TEM images confirms that the average size of silica nanoparticle is 25 nm and is monodispersed in nature. The XRD pattern shows that only one broad peak at 2θ = 220 corresponds to the plane (101) of silica nanoparticles. UV Visible spectra show the λ at 270 nm, peaks in FTIR at 1536 cm, 1640 cm, and 3420 cm for the protein cap. The mean blood glucose was 120.2 mg/dL in the 'SiO-NP untreated' group and decreased to 97.24 mg/dL in the 'SiO-NP treated' group. A paired t-test (P-value < 0.0001) indicates a strong relationship between antihyperglycemia and silica NP. In our study, it has been observed that the biosynthesized silica nanoparticles using the endophytic fungus show antihyperglycemic property in vitro.
Clinical Utility of Pro-inflammatory Oligomeric Glycoprotein Tenascin-C in the Diagnosis of Seropositive and Seronegative Rheumatoid Arthritis.
Dominic S, Baba KSSS, Sreedevi NN … +6 more , Sanober A, Rajasekhar L, Khan SA, Mohammed N, Bhaskar MV, Mohan IK
Indian J Clin Biochem · 2024 Jan · PMID 38223014 · Full text
Owing to limited usefulness of Rheumatoid Factor and anti-CCP in rheumatoid arthritis, there is a need to identify a more sensitive and specific biomarker to detect rheumatoid arthritis (RA), particularly seronegative RA...
Owing to limited usefulness of Rheumatoid Factor and anti-CCP in rheumatoid arthritis, there is a need to identify a more sensitive and specific biomarker to detect rheumatoid arthritis (RA), particularly seronegative RA cases. Tenascin-C is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein, which has been implicated in the pathophysiology of RA. The objective of our study was to evaluate the diagnostic utility of serum Tenascin-C in seropositive and seronegative rheumatoid arthritis patients. We conducted a cross-sectional case control study. Sixty patients who fulfilled the ACR 2010 criteria for rheumatoid arthritis were included in the study. Thirty patients were found to be positive for RF and/or anti-CCP and 30 were negative for both RF and anti-CCP. Thirty age and gender-matched healthy subjects were taken as controls. Serum Tenascin-C was measured by quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay technique. The mean serum concentration of Tenascin-C in controls, seronegative and seropositive cases was 0.66 ng/ml, 20.54 ng/ml and 23.42 ng/ml, respectively. Tenascin-C levels were significantly higher in RA cases compared to controls ( < 0.0001). There was no significant difference in Tenascin-C between seropositive and seronegative cases ( = 0.603). ROC curve analysis showed a sensitivity of 96.6% and specificity of 100% with AUC of 0.98 at 2.21 ng/ml as cut-off value for diagnosing RA. Tenascin-C is elevated in both seronegative and seropositive RA, which indicates that it can be used as a sensitive marker for RA. The addition of Tenascin-C to the existing RF and anti-CCP may help in identifying a large number of patients with RA, particularly seronegative rheumatoid arthritis cases.
An Intriguing Case of Amyloidosis Leading to PAGE Kidney in a Post Renal Transplant Recipient: A Case Report.
Bagai S, Sanjeevani S, Khullar D … +3 more , Duggal R, Prasad P, Saxena V
Indian J Clin Biochem · 2024 Jan · PMID 38223013 · Full text
UNLABELLED: Amyloidosis is an infiltrative disease where amyloid fibrils get deposited in the organs like kidney, liver and spleen. Amyloid deposition in the kidneys classically meant deposition in the glomeruli and mesa...
UNLABELLED: Amyloidosis is an infiltrative disease where amyloid fibrils get deposited in the organs like kidney, liver and spleen. Amyloid deposition in the kidneys classically meant deposition in the glomeruli and mesangium until 2008 when interstitial amyloid deposits were isolated and named as` Leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin 2-associated amyloidosis. It is a progressive disease which clinically manifests as slowly progressive renal dysfunction and/or proteinuria. Our case 34 year old renal transplant recipient underwent graft biopsy post transplantation which revealed interstitial LECT-2 amyloid deposits. Unfortunately, he developed page kidney post biopsy which was managed conservatively with percutaneous drainage. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12291-022-01072-6.
About
- Frequency
- Sun
- Papers found
- 200
- RSS feed
- Subscribe