Current Problems In Cardiology[JOURNAL]
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200 papers
Diversity is essential in cardiovascular medicine and subspecialties: A comprehensive report of gender, racial, and ethnic representation among cardiovascular fellows from 2005 to 2022.
Obeidat O, Tarawneh M, Abughazaleh S … +2 more , Akhter N, Tong A
Curr Probl Cardiol · 2025 Jul · PMID 40311855 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: The diversity of the healthcare workforce is essential for equitable and effective patient care. This comprehensive report analyzes the representation trends among cardiovascular fellows in the US over an 1...
INTRODUCTION: The diversity of the healthcare workforce is essential for equitable and effective patient care. This comprehensive report analyzes the representation trends among cardiovascular fellows in the US over an 18-year period, focusing on gender, racial, and ethnic representation. METHODS: Utilizing data from the National Graduate Medical Education Census, this study analyzes trends in representation across gender, race, and ethnicity among cardiovascular medicine fellows. It examines the expansion of cardiology programs and fellow positions in specialties, assessing the evolution of diversity between 2005 and 2022 using J point trend analysis software. RESULTS: The analysis highlights a stark gender disparity with women comprising only 22 % of fellows, this percentage is even lower in subspecialties. Racial and ethnic disparities are also evident, with Black and Hispanic cardiologists significantly underrepresented, comprising only 12.8 % of cardiac fellows in 2021, even though these groups form 31.9 % of the U.S. POPULATION: However, a slow but positive trend toward diversity is noted, with female and Black fellows' representation in cardiology on the rise with AAPC of 5.1 and 3.9, respectively. CONCLUSION: Our analysis revealed continued racial and gender disparities in the cardiology specialty. This report calls for concerted efforts from academic institutions, healthcare organizations, and policymakers to implement effective strategies for diversity and inclusion, reflecting the aim of creating a workforce that mirrors the diversity of the population it serves.
Testosterone therapy in patients with heart failure and protein-calorie malnutrition: Insights from a propensity-matched cohort study.
Augusto S, Kaelber DC, Tang WHW
Curr Probl Cardiol · 2025 Jul · PMID 40311854 · Full text
INTRODUCTION: Testosterone therapy may improve physical capacity and mood in men with chronic heart failure. However, recent findings have raised concerns that testosterone therapy could also increase the risk of atrial...
INTRODUCTION: Testosterone therapy may improve physical capacity and mood in men with chronic heart failure. However, recent findings have raised concerns that testosterone therapy could also increase the risk of atrial fibrillation, pulmonary embolism, and acute kidney injury. METHODS: Leveraging data from the TriNetX platform from January 1, 2014, to December 01, 2024, we conducted a propensity-matched analysis of two cohorts of patients with heart failure with protein-calorie malnutrition, where the only difference between cohorts was testosterone therapy. The primary outcomes were all-cause mortality and the incidence of acute heart failure, with secondary outcomes including major adverse cardiovascular events as well as cardiovascular, kidney, and thrombotic diseases. RESULTS: After propensity matching, 577 patients were compared across the two cohorts. The findings indicated that testosterone therapy reduced the risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 0.56, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 0.46-0.68), acute heart failure (HR 0.62, 95 % CI 0.49-0.78), and major adverse cardiovascular events (HR 0.77, 95 % CI 0.61-0.97). Additionally, incident peripheral arterial disease (HR 0.52, 95 % CI 0.30-0.91), coronary arterial disease (HR 0.83, 95 % CI 0.69-1.00), acute myocardial infarction (HR 0.65, 95 % CI 0.48-0.89), and atrial fibrillation (HR 0.79, 95 % CI 0.66-0.95) also favored the testosterone-treated cohort. There was a trend toward an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (HR 1.14, 95 % CI 1.03-1.27) and stroke (HR 1.12, 95 % CI 0.81-1.54) associated with testosterone therapy. CONCLUSION: These hypothesis-generating findings support potential beneficial effects of testosterone therapy in patients with heart failure and protein-calorie malnutrition.
Post-implantation syndrome in patients undergoing thoracic and abdominal endovascular aortic repair: Comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.
Carbone A, Turchino D, Fanti C … +11 more , Bottino R, Ferrara F, Mannina C, Lerakis S, Comentale G, Rega S, Cittadini A, Esposito G, Pilato E, Bracale UM, Bossone E
Curr Probl Cardiol · 2025 Jun · PMID 40246002 · Publisher ↗
Post-implantation syndrome (PIS) can lead to prolonged hospitalization and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the clinical profile of PIS after abdominal (EV...
Post-implantation syndrome (PIS) can lead to prolonged hospitalization and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the clinical profile of PIS after abdominal (EVAR) and thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR). A comprehensive literature search identified 1463 studies, of which 16 (14 retrospective and 2 prospective) met the inclusion criteria. Data from these studies were aggregated using a random effects model to calculate pooled risk ratios and mean differences. The analysis included 2890 patients (males 84.7%, mean age 63.3 years ± 18.8) with 882 experiencing PIS. No significant differences were found in demographics, anthropometric measurements, risk factors, medical history, or chronic medical treatments between the two groups. Fever (above 38°C) was the most frequent clinical manifestation, observed in 75-100% of PIS cases. As expected, higher levels of post-procedural white blood cells (WBC) and platelets (PLT) were shown in PIS patients compared to non-PIS patients. Interestingly, pre-procedural WBC and PLT counts were significantly higher in the PIS group (p<0.001 and p<0.002 respectively). Patients with PIS were more likely to receive polyester graft (p=0.003), while those with polytetrafluoroethylene prostheses were less likely to develop PIS (p=0.04). The PIS group exhibited longer hospital stays compared to the non-PIS group (p<0.001). While most studies reported no evident PIS impact on outcomes, two studies reported higher rate of MACE. Larger prospective studies are needed to determine the optimal management strategies of patients at risk of PIS.
RNA-targeting therapies for amyloid transthyretin cardiomyopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Ramos JVO, Fernandes JVA, Formiga YGA … +3 more , Beltrão FEL, de Melo MDT, Fernandes F
Curr Probl Cardiol · 2025 Jul · PMID 40246001 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Amyloid transthyretin (TTR) cardiomyopathy is a progressive disease caused by TTR amyloid deposition, leading to heart failure and mortality. RNA interference (RNAi) therapies reduce amyloid formation by si...
INTRODUCTION: Amyloid transthyretin (TTR) cardiomyopathy is a progressive disease caused by TTR amyloid deposition, leading to heart failure and mortality. RNA interference (RNAi) therapies reduce amyloid formation by silencing hepatic TTR mRNA. This meta-analysis evaluates their efficacy and safety. METHODS: A systematic search conducted in February 2025 in Cochrane Central, PubMed, and Embase identified RCTs comparing RNAi therapies with placebo. Primary outcomes were all-cause mortality and cardiac adverse events. Safety outcomes included any adverse events and serious cardiac adverse events. A leave-one-out sensitivity analysis assessed robustness. Statistical analyses used inverse-variance common-effects and DerSimonian-Laird random-effects models. Heterogeneity was evaluated using REML and I² statistics, with 95 % confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS: Three RCTs (1,199 patients) met inclusion criteria. RNAi therapy did not significantly reduce all-cause mortality (OR 0.97; 95 % CI 0.26-3.62; I² 72.4 %). However, excluding the ENDEAVOR trial, mortality reduction was significant (OR 0.65; 95 % CI 0.45-0.95; I² 0 %). RNAi therapy reduced cardiac adverse events in pooled (OR 0.72; 95 % CI 0.57-0.90; I² 38 %) and subgroup analyses (OR 0.66; 95 % CI 0.51-0.84; I² 0 %). No significant differences were found in serious cardiac adverse events (OR 0.98; 95 % CI 0.77-1.27; I² 0 %). Safety analyses showed no increase in overall adverse events (OR 0.78; 95 % CI 0.42-1.44; I² 49.8 %). CONCLUSION: RNAi therapies reduce cardiac adverse events and may improve survival in selected patients. Further studies should refine patient selection and assess long-term outcomes.
Histone modifications as molecular drivers of cardiac aging: Metabolic alterations, epigenetic mechanisms, and emerging therapeutic strategies.
Alrumaihi F, Al-Doaiss AA, Ullah F … +7 more , Alwanian WM, Alharbi HO, Alassaf FA, Alfifi SM, Alshabrmi FM, Aba Alkhay FF, Alatawi EA
Curr Probl Cardiol · 2025 Jul · PMID 40246000 · Publisher ↗
Cardiac aging represents a complex pathophysiological process characterized by progressive metabolic recombination and functional dedifferentiation of cardiac cellular components. Despite advancements in cardiovascular m...
Cardiac aging represents a complex pathophysiological process characterized by progressive metabolic recombination and functional dedifferentiation of cardiac cellular components. Despite advancements in cardiovascular medicine, a critical research gap persists in understanding the precise epigenetic mechanisms that drive age-related cardiac dysfunction. This comprehensive review elucidates the pivotal role of histone modifications-including methylation, acetylation, and phosphorylation-in orchestrating the molecular landscape of cardiac aging. Significant gaps remain in our understanding of site-specific histone modification impacts on cardiac function, the intricate crosstalk between different histone marks, and their integration with metabolic alterations that characterize the aging myocardium. Current evidence reveals a dynamic epigenetic signature in aged cardiac tissue, typically featuring increased transcriptional activation markers alongside decreased repressive marks, though context-dependent variations exist. This review explores how histone modifications influence critical pathways governing mitochondrial dysfunction, DNA damage repair, inflammation, and fibrosis in aging hearts. Innovative therapeutic approaches targeting specific histone-modifying enzymes promise to mitigate age-related cardiac deterioration, potentially revolutionizing treatment paradigms for cardiovascular diseases in aging populations. Addressing these knowledge gaps requires multidimensional approaches that integrate epigenomics with functional assessment of cardiac performance.
Retraction Notice to "Letter to the Editor: Long-Term Valve Durability in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation - ScienceDirect" [Current Problems in Cardiology 48 (2023) 101836].
Zurmati BM
Curr Probl Cardiol · 2025 Jun · PMID 40158898 · Publisher ↗
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/policies/article-withdrawal). <This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief. Foll...
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/policies/article-withdrawal). <This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief. Following concerns raised by a reader, it was found that the Letter to the Editor does not meet the quality standards of the journal.>.
Takotsubo syndrome complicated by ventricular arrhythmias vs. Ventricular arrhythmias triggering Takotsubo syndrome.
Madias JE
Curr Probl Cardiol · 2025 Jun · PMID 40157518 · Publisher ↗
The present review focuses on the thesis that there is an amphidromic relationship between ventricular arrhythmias (VA) and takotsubo syndrome (TTS), with VA emerging as complications of TTS, and TTS being precipitated b...
The present review focuses on the thesis that there is an amphidromic relationship between ventricular arrhythmias (VA) and takotsubo syndrome (TTS), with VA emerging as complications of TTS, and TTS being precipitated by VA with or without culmination in cardiac arrest (CA). The mechanism(s) of these phenomena is(are) being explored, and the emerging diagnostic possibilities are outlined. Emphasis is made on the need to upgrade our current approach in diagnosis TTS, and its occasional presence as a "TTS component", in association with other cardiovascular and other comorbidities. The diagnosis and management of various emerging TTS subtypes, with preceding or following VA/CA is outlined, the various established or possible phenotypes are presented, and ways to confirm their pathophysiologic trajectories are offered.
A Multidimensional Approach to Understanding Genetic Diversity, Risk Stratification, and Personalized Interventions in Pediatric Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.
Alromaihi M, Alrumaihi F, Alwanian WM … +7 more , Alharbi HO, AlDuayji NN, Alfifi SM, Al-Doaiss AA, Alshabrmi FM, Thornbury W, Khan SU
Curr Probl Cardiol · 2025 Jun · PMID 40157517 · Publisher ↗
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in children presents unique challenges distinct from adult manifestations, with potentially devastating consequences, including sudden cardiac death. This comprehensive review synthesize...
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in children presents unique challenges distinct from adult manifestations, with potentially devastating consequences, including sudden cardiac death. This comprehensive review synthesizes current evidence on the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and management of pediatric HCM, highlighting critical differences from adult populations. While affecting approximately 1 in 500 individuals, pediatric HCM demonstrates more significant etiological heterogeneity, with up to 35% of cases stemming from non-sarcomeric causes, including RASopathies, metabolic disorders, and syndromic conditions. This etiological diversity contributes to variable disease trajectories and treatment responses, creating a significant research gap in pediatric-specific management protocols. Current pharmacological approaches primarily employ beta-blockers as first-line therapy, with calcium channel blockers serving as alternatives for intolerant patients. However, these conventional medications manage symptoms without addressing underlying pathophysiology or preventing disease progression. Emerging investigational therapies, including angiotensin receptor blockers and myosin inhibitors like mavacamten, show promise in preliminary studies but lack robust pediatric-specific evidence. Surgical interventions, including septal myectomy and the modified Konno procedure, demonstrate efficacy in medication-refractory cases but carry higher complication risks in younger patients. The critical research gap lies in developing targeted therapeutic approaches for pediatric-specific HCM subtypes, particularly those associated with syndromic and metabolic disorders. Additionally, risk stratification models for sudden cardiac death prevention remain inadequately validated in pediatric populations. This review identifies the urgent need for pediatric-focused clinical trials investigating both conventional and novel therapies alongside the development of age-appropriate risk assessment tools to guide personalized management strategies for this vulnerable population.
Noninvasive assessment of myocardial stiffness using shear wave elastography in Amyloidosis and Fabry disease.
Cafezeiro CR, Neto AA, Romero CE … +11 more , Pereira NM, Bueno BV, Rissato JH, Pereira FL, Chammas MC, Tavares MD, Ramires FJ, Jr WM, Rochitte CE, Hotta VT, Fernandes F
Curr Probl Cardiol · 2025 Jun · PMID 40157516 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Diastolic function comprises MS and impaired relaxation, and is essential for the comprehensive analysis of heart failure. The goal of this study was to investigate the use of cardiac shear wave el...
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Diastolic function comprises MS and impaired relaxation, and is essential for the comprehensive analysis of heart failure. The goal of this study was to investigate the use of cardiac shear wave elastography for assessing shear wave propagation speed and myocardial stiffness (MS) in Fabry disease (FD), cardiac amyloidosis (CA) and healthy volunteers (HV). METHODS: We prospectively enrolled 60 participants, with 20 patients each in the CA, FD and HV groups. Echocardiogram, blood exams and walking test were achieved. MS evaluation was performed using an ultrasound scanner. RESULTS: Shear wave propagation speed and MS were significantly higher in patients with CA than in HV in the basal anteroseptal segment (MS PLAX 6.6 ± 1.4 kPa vs. 5.38 ± 1.1 kPa, respectively, p = 0.01; PSAX 6.86 ± 1.4 kPa vs. 5.6 ± 1.2 kPa, respectively, p = 0.01) and in the right ventricle (5.9 ± 2.6 kPa vs. 4.0 ± 0.7 kPa, respectively, p = 0.003), with no difference in the mid anteroseptal segment and the apical septal. There was a difference in the MS of patients with CA in the right ventricle when compared to the FD group (5.9 ± 2.6 kPa vs. 4.4 ± 1.0 kPa, respectively, p = 0.01). There was no statistical difference between any myocardial segment in the FD group compared to the HV group. CONCLUSIONS: Shear wave propagation speed and MS were higher in patients with CA compared to FD and healthy volunteers. Evaluation of FD group did not reveal any difference from the control group.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of right ventricular changes in cancer-therapy - The forgotten ventricle in cardio-oncology.
Fischer-Bacca CO, Huntermann R, de Oliveira JP … +5 more , Alexandrino FB, Sato MY, Cardoso R, Gomes RF, Melo ES
Curr Probl Cardiol · 2025 Jul · PMID 40157515 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Cancer therapy-induced cardiotoxicity (CTRCD) is a significant adverse effect of oncologic treatment, associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Among CTRCD, heart failure stands out in prevalenc...
INTRODUCTION: Cancer therapy-induced cardiotoxicity (CTRCD) is a significant adverse effect of oncologic treatment, associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Among CTRCD, heart failure stands out in prevalence and severity, with left ventricular dysfunction being the focus of most studies. Right ventricle (RV) may also be damaged by CTRCD, however the effects of CTRCD on RV function (RVF) have not been elucidated. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating RV echocardiographic parameters in patients undergoing chemotherapy. METHODS: PubMed, Embase and Cochrane were searched for studies that evaluated RV parameters during cancer therapy. Statistical analysis was performed using the R statistical software. We computed pooled mean differences (MD), adopting a random-effects model, with a significance level of 0.05. A correlation coefficient of 0.5 was assumed for paired measurements. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I² statistic. RESULTS: We included 1,520 patients from 25 studies, 73 % of whom were women and with a mean age of 51.1 ± 16.5 years. RVF was significantly lower after CTRCD, with reduction in fractional area change (MD=-2.29 % [95 % CI:3.63,-0.95]), RV global longitudinal strain (MD=2.49 % [95 % CI: 1.73, 3.25]), and RV free wall strain (MD=3.21 % [95 % CI: 2.32, 4.11]). Additionally, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion was significantly reduced (MD=-1.44 mm [95 % CI:1.94, -0.95]) and pulmonary artery systolic pressure was significantly higher (MD=1.60 mmHg [95 % CI: 0.64, 2.56]) after chemotherapy. CONCLUSION: The assessment of RVF is important in CTRCD, and its quantification should be included in clinical follow-up during cancer treatment. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying factors contributing to RV dysfunction and to develop methods for its early detection.
Yoga in Obesity Management: Reducing cardiovascular risk and enhancing well-being- A review of the current literature.
Inbaraj G, Bajaj S, Misra P … +13 more , Kandimalla N, Thapa A, Ghosal A, Sharma U, Charles P, Pobbati H, Hashmi I, Bansal B, de Vos J, De D, Elshafei O, Garg A, Basu-Ray I
Curr Probl Cardiol · 2025 Jun · PMID 40132783 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Obesity, a global epidemic, significantly increases cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Conventional treatments often lack long-term efficacy, emphasizing the need for integrative, sustainable approaches. OBJE...
BACKGROUND: Obesity, a global epidemic, significantly increases cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Conventional treatments often lack long-term efficacy, emphasizing the need for integrative, sustainable approaches. OBJECTIVE: This review assesses the role of yoga as a complementary intervention in obesity management and its effectiveness in reducing cardiovascular risk. METHODS: We systematically reviewed literature up to March 2024 from Medline/PubMed, Scopus, Embase and the Cochrane Central Library. The focus was on randomized controlled trials (RCTs), observational studies, systematic reviews and meta-analyses evaluating the impact of yoga on obesity-related outcomes and cardiovascular risk factors. Studies were reviewed for quality, outcomes, and both physiological and psychological effects of yoga on obese individuals. RESULTS: Yoga interventions consistently yielded positive results in reducing body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and body fat. These physical changes correlate with significant improvements in cardiovascular markers, including blood-pressure, cholesterol levels, endothelial and autonomic functions. Yoga also enhances stress management and psychological well-being, addressing both mental and physical facets of obesity. The benefits extend beyond mere weight reduction, affecting systemic inflammation and metabolic health, crucial for mitigating CVD risks. CONCLUSION: Yoga represents a promising, non-pharmacological approach to obesity management and CVD risk reduction. Its holistic impact on physical and psychological health makes it a viable adjunct therapy in comprehensive obesity management, fostering sustainable lifestyle changes and long-term health benefits. IMPLICATIONS: Incorporating yoga into standard obesity management protocols could enhance therapeutic outcomes. Future research should standardize yoga interventions to better integrate them into modern healthcare and explore their long-term cardiovascular effects.
Shifting trends and disparities in colorectal cancer and heart failure-related mortality in the United States: A two-decade retrospective analysis.
Siddiqi AK, Shahzad M, Maniya MT … +8 more , Chachar MA, Saleem N, Garcia M, Quintana RA, Amin S, Dabbagh MF, De Cecco CN, Naeem M
Curr Probl Cardiol · 2025 Jun · PMID 40120869 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) and heart failure (HF) are significant contributors to morbidity and mortality, particularly when they co-occur. This study aims to analyze the trends in mortality related to both CRC...
BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) and heart failure (HF) are significant contributors to morbidity and mortality, particularly when they co-occur. This study aims to analyze the trends in mortality related to both CRC and HF from 1999 to 2020, identifying demographic and geographical variations that could inform targeted interventions. METHODS: We examined death certificate data from the CDC WONDER database to assess trends in CRC and HF-related mortality over a 22-year period. We calculated annual percentage changes (APCs) in age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs), stratified by race, gender geographical region and age group. RESULTS: Between 1999 and 2020, there were 60,918 deaths attributed to CRC and HF. The AAMRs declined from 9.6 per 100,000 in 1999 to 0.92 in 2015, followed by an increase to 1.12 in 2020. Men consistently exhibited higher AAMRs (1.6) compared to women (1.07). By race, non-Hispanic Black individuals had the highest AAMRs (1.36), closely followed by non-Hispanic Whites (1.35), with Hispanic (0.69) and non-Hispanic Asian or Pacific Islander individuals (0.54) having lower rates. Geographical analysis revealed that the Midwest had the highest AAMR (1.53), with the Northeast (1.27), West (1.24), and South (1.16) following. Metropolitan areas recorded higher AAMRs (1.69) compared to non-metropolitan areas (1.19). CONCLUSION: The study indicates a worrying rise in CRC and HF-related mortality from 2015 to 2020, following earlier declines. This upward trend across diverse demographics and regions highlights an urgent need for targeted public health strategies and healthcare policies to address these increases.
An artificial intelligence-informed proof of concept model for an ecological framework of healthy longevity forcing factors in the United States.
Arena R, Wang S, Pronk NP … +2 more , Woodard C, Bhatt T
Curr Probl Cardiol · 2025 May · PMID 40089224 · Publisher ↗
Unhealthy lifestyle behaviors are a doorway to downstream health consequences characterized by the following: 1) poor quality of life and diminished mobility; 2) increased likelihood of chronic disease risk factors and d...
Unhealthy lifestyle behaviors are a doorway to downstream health consequences characterized by the following: 1) poor quality of life and diminished mobility; 2) increased likelihood of chronic disease risk factors and diagnoses; and, ultimately, 3) a shorter lifespan and healthspan. The aim of the current study is to assess if an ecological framework can predict U.S. lifespan via the use of artificial intelligence. The current study utilized several U.S. county-level datasets representing the predictive variables of the ecologic framework. A non-linear artificial intelligence statistical approach was used to assess the ability of these variables to predict life expectancy, death rate, and years of life lost. The R² values demonstrated that the performance of Extra trees models was different across the three outcomes, however, death rate always exhibited the highest R² for each feature number, indicating superior model accuracy for this outcome. Generally, an increase in the number of features led to improved model performance. Variables from all factors included in the proposed ecological framework were retained in the final predictive models. There is a need to understand why individuals/families/community, connected by shared cultural beliefs, decide to make one lifestyle behavior decision over another.
Identifying low-risk in patients with worsening heart failure with short hospital stay: A comparison of risk scores in predicting 30-day risk events.
Burgos LM, Baro Vila RC, de Bortoli MA … +4 more , Arias R, Malano D, Ballari FN, Diez M
Curr Probl Cardiol · 2025 May · PMID 40023206 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of hospitalization worldwide, with high mortality rates and significant economic burden. To address the issue outpatient strategies (day-care diuretics) to avoid unplan...
INTRODUCTION: Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of hospitalization worldwide, with high mortality rates and significant economic burden. To address the issue outpatient strategies (day-care diuretics) to avoid unplanned ED visits and reduce HF hospitalizations. However, the identification of low risk patients worsening heart failure (WHF) who could benefit from outpatient treatment remains poorly documented. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate the accuracy of multiple scores in predicting the risk of 30-day events in patients WHF who underwent brief hospitalizations. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of a prospective and consecutive cohort of WHF patients with hospitalizations of less than 72 h at a tertiary care hospital between 2015 and 2020. The risk of 30-day all-cause mortality was evaluated using the OPTIMIZE-HF, GWTG-HF, and ADHERE risk scores. And the secondary endpoint was the combined unplanned visit or readmission for worsening HF or death at 30 days. The risk of events in low-risk populations was analyzed by tertiles within the most predictive model. RESULTS: Among the 200 included patients (mean age: 75.5 ± 12 years; 62% male), 95.9% had a 30-day follow-up, with an overall mortality rate of 4% and a secondary composite endpoint of 14%. AUC-ROC for the prediction of 30-day all-cause mortality were 0.76 (95% CI 0.59-0.93), 0.66 (95% CI 0.46-0.86), and 0.64 (95% CI 0.44-0.85) for OPTIMIZE-HF, GWTG-HF, and ADHERE, respectively. For the secondary combined event, the AUC-ROC was 0.70 (95% CI 0.59-0.79) for OPTIMIZE-HF, GWTG-HF 0.67 (0.56-0.77) and ADHERE 0.67 (0.56 -0.77). The three scores had good calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test >0.05). Among the low-risk patients (n = 76, OPTIMIZE-HF score <32), the incidence of mortality and combined events at 30 days was 1.3% and 5.3%, respectively. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that low risk patients had lower risk of the combined event (log rank p < 0.006). CONCLUSION: Among WHF patients with short hospital stays, the OPTIMIZE-HF score exhibited superior predictive ability compared to other scores and may serve as a valuable tool for assessing the risk of death or combined events at 30 days. Utilizing the OPTIMIZE-HF risk score could aid in identifying low-risk patients who might benefit from outpatient management of AHF in a day-care diuretic clinic.
Future of magnetic sensors applications in early prediction of cardiac health status.
Khan MSZ, Khan SU, Alrumaihi F … +7 more , Alwanian WM, Alharbi HO, Alfifi SM, Makki LK, Sahli M, Al-Nafjan AA, Jackson M
Curr Probl Cardiol · 2025 May · PMID 40023205 · Publisher ↗
The evolution of health monitoring technologies has highlighted the need for accurate and reliable sensors, particularly in the context of cardiac health. This review examines the potential of magnetic sensors as a super...
The evolution of health monitoring technologies has highlighted the need for accurate and reliable sensors, particularly in the context of cardiac health. This review examines the potential of magnetic sensors as a superior alternative to optical sensors for the early prediction of cardiac health status. Optical sensors face significant challenges, especially for individuals with darker skin tones, where increased light absorption adversely affects measurement accuracy. Additionally, issues such as sensor-skin coupling and motion artifacts further compromise the performance of optical devices. In contrast, magnetic sensors offer a compelling solution by providing consistent readings irrespective of skin tone, thereby enhancing inclusivity in health monitoring. These sensors leverage magnetic fields, which do not rely on light penetration, allowing for improved coupling with the skin's surface and maintaining accuracy during motion. This paper discusses recent advancements in magnetic sensor technology and their implications for cardiac health applications, emphasizing the potential for increased accuracy and reliability in predicting cardiac outcomes. As healthcare shifts toward more personalized and precise monitoring solutions, magnetic sensors emerge as a promising frontier, addressing critical challenges in current health status prediction methods. By focusing on these innovative technologies, we aim to contribute to the ongoing discourse on enhancing cardiac health monitoring and fostering more equitable healthcare solutions.
Non-invasive imaging assessment in angina with non-obstructive coronary arteries (ANOCA).
Bergamaschi L, De Vita A, Villano A … +22 more , Tremamunno S, Armillotta M, Angeli F, Belmonte M, Paolisso P, Foà A, Gallinoro E, Polimeni A, Sucato V, Morrone D, Tuttolomondo D, Pavon AG, Guglielmo M, Gaibazzi N, Mushtaq S, Perrone Filardi P, Indolfi C, Picano E, Pontone G, Lanza GA, Pizzi C, Coronary Physiopathology and Microcirculation Working Group of the Italian Society of Cardiology (SIC)
Curr Probl Cardiol · 2025 May · PMID 40015352 · Publisher ↗
Due to its significant prevalence and clinical implications, angina with non-obstructive coronary arteries (ANOCA) has become a major focus in modern cardiology. In fact, diagnosing ANOCA presents a significant challenge...
Due to its significant prevalence and clinical implications, angina with non-obstructive coronary arteries (ANOCA) has become a major focus in modern cardiology. In fact, diagnosing ANOCA presents a significant challenge. The final diagnosis is often difficult, delayed, and frequently necessitates an invasive assessment through coronary angiography. However, recent improvements in non-invasive cardiac imaging allow a diagnosis of ANOCA using a combination of clinical evaluation, anatomical coronary imaging, and functional testing. This narrative review aims to critically assess various non-invasive diagnostic methods and propose a multimodal approach to diagnose ANOCA and tailor appropriate treatments.
Hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTRv).
Triposkiadis F, Briasoulis A, Starling RC … +6 more , Magouliotis DE, Kourek C, Zakynthinos GE, Iliodromitis EK, Paraskevaidis I, Xanthopoulos A
Curr Probl Cardiol · 2025 Apr · PMID 39954876 · Publisher ↗
Hereditary transthyretin (TTR) amyloidosis (ATTRv amyloidosis) is a devastating disease characterized by broad range of clinical manifestations, including predominantly neurological, predominantly cardiac, and mixed phen...
Hereditary transthyretin (TTR) amyloidosis (ATTRv amyloidosis) is a devastating disease characterized by broad range of clinical manifestations, including predominantly neurological, predominantly cardiac, and mixed phenotypes. This wide phenotypic variability hindered timely disease diagnosis and risk stratification in the past, especially in individuals with absent or uncharted family history. However, recent advances in noninvasive testing have led to greater awareness and earlier diagnosis. Further, medications have been discovered which proved effective in controlling the disease and improving outcomes including stabilizing TTR, silencing TTR variants, and removing TTR amyloid from affected tissues. Importantly, CRISPR gene editing, a groundbreaking technology, offers the unique potential to cure ATTRv amyloidosis, transforming lives and opening new doors in medical science. This review provides an update on ATTRv amyloidosis mechanisms, diagnosis, and management emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis as the steadfast underpinning for the capitalization of the advances in medical treatment to the benefit of the patients.
Diagnostic accuracy of artificial-intelligence-based electrocardiogram algorithm to estimate heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Ferreira ALC, Feitoza LPGC, Benitez ME … +8 more , Aziri B, Begic E, de Souza LVF, Bulhões E, Monteiro SON, Defante MLR, Vieira RAMS, Guida C
Curr Probl Cardiol · 2025 Apr · PMID 39909205 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: AI-based ECG has shown good accuracy in diagnosing heart failure. However, due to the heterogeneity of studies regarding cutoff points, its precision for specifically detecting heart failure with left ventr...
INTRODUCTION: AI-based ECG has shown good accuracy in diagnosing heart failure. However, due to the heterogeneity of studies regarding cutoff points, its precision for specifically detecting heart failure with left ventricle reduced ejection fraction (LVEF <40 %) is not yet well established. What is the sensitivity and specificity of artificial-based electrocardiogram to diagnose heart failure with low ejection fraction (cut-off of 40 %. AIMS: We conducted a meta-analysis and systematic review to evaluate the accuracy of artificial intelligence electrocardiograms in estimating an ejection fraction below 40 %. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library for studies evaluating the performance of AI ECGs in diagnosing heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. We computed true positives, true negatives, false positives, and false negatives events to estimate pooled sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve, using R software version 4.3.1, under a random-effects model. RESULTS: We identified 9 studies, including patients with a paired artificial intelligence-enabled electrocardiogram with an echocardiography. patients had an ejection fraction below 40 % according to the echocardiogram. The AI-ECG data yielded areas under the receiver operator of, the sensitivity of), specificity of, and area under the curve of. The mean/median age ranged from 60±9 to 68.05± 11.9 years. CONCLUSIONS: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, the use of electrocardiogram-based artificial intelligence models demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity to estimate a left ventricular ejection fraction below 40 %.
Innovations in quantitative rapid testing: Early prediction of health risks.
Allemailem KS, Almousa S, Alissa M … +9 more , Alrumaihi F, Alharbi HO, Almansour NM, Aldaiji LA, Abouzied AS, Alsugoor MH, Alasmari O, Albakawi MJ, Stride J
Curr Probl Cardiol · 2025 Apr · PMID 39900212 · Publisher ↗
As health monitoring becomes increasingly intricate, the demand for innovative solutions to predict and assess health status is more pressing than ever. This review focuses on the transformative potential of multi-sensor...
As health monitoring becomes increasingly intricate, the demand for innovative solutions to predict and assess health status is more pressing than ever. This review focuses on the transformative potential of multi-sensor technologies in health monitoring, emphasizing their role in early health status prediction. By integrating diverse sensor types ranging from wearable fitness trackers to implantable devices and environmental monitors healthcare professionals can gain a richer, more nuanced understanding of an individual's physiological state. We analyze various configurations of multi-sensor networks and their efficacy in identifying early indicators of health issues, such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and respiratory ailments. For example, the combination of biometric sensors that track vital signs with environmental data on pollutants can yield invaluable insights into a patient's overall health. This integrated approach not only improves the accuracy of health assessments but also facilitates timely interventions. Furthermore, we address the challenges inherent in multi-sensor systems, including data integration, device interoperability, and the need for advanced algorithms capable of processing complex datasets. Recent advancements in machine learning and artificial intelligence are underscored as pivotal in enhancing the capabilities of these technologies for predictive health analytics. Ultimately, this review highlights how multi-sensor systems can redefine early health status prediction, paving the way for proactive healthcare strategies that significantly improve patient outcomes and optimize healthcare delivery.
A review regarding the article 'Cardiovascular outcomes of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors use after myocardial infarction: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials'.
Fan Q, Ling Y
Curr Probl Cardiol · 2025 Apr · PMID 39894240 · Publisher ↗
Myocardial infarction (MI) without established heart failure (HF) represents a distinct high-risk condition that is not sufficiently represented in other trial populations. Early intervention with disease-modifying thera...
Myocardial infarction (MI) without established heart failure (HF) represents a distinct high-risk condition that is not sufficiently represented in other trial populations. Early intervention with disease-modifying therapies, such as Sodium-Glucose Co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), could potentially prevent progression to chronic HF in these patients. Prior trials involving patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), HF, or nephropathy have predominantly focused on stable outpatients and have generally excluded patients with recent acute cardiovascular events. While there is a growing interest in the potential benefits of SGLT2 inhibitors in the acute MI setting, further research is essential to determine their efficacy and safety in this patient population. This will require well-designed, targeted clinical trials that specifically address the unique characteristics and needs of patients with acute MI, including those with new onset left ventricular dysfunction, transient HF, or concurrent T2DM. Furthermore, the safety profile of SGLT2 inhibitors in post-MI patients appears to be favorable, as they have been found to have a comparable incidence of serious adverse events to placebo. This is an important consideration, as safety is a paramount concern when introducing new therapies, especially in a vulnerable patient population like those recovering from an acute MI. It is important to conduct further research to determine whether the early introduction of SGLT2 inhibitors post-MI can lead to similar benefits as those observed in patients with T2DM and established cardiovascular disease.
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