Biopolymers[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Oral Patch/Film for Drug Delivery-Current Status and Future Prospects.
Yan Y, Yan W, Wu S … +3 more , Zhao H, Chen Q, Wang J
Biopolymers · 2024 Nov · PMID 39230032 · Publisher ↗
In recent years, there has been extensive research into drug delivery systems aimed at enhancing drug utilization while minimizing drug toxicities. Among these systems, oral patches/films have garnered significant attent...
In recent years, there has been extensive research into drug delivery systems aimed at enhancing drug utilization while minimizing drug toxicities. Among these systems, oral patches/films have garnered significant attention due to their convenience, noninvasive administration, ability to bypass hepatic first-pass metabolism, thereby enhancing drug bioavailability, and their potential to ensure good compliance, particularly among special patient populations. In this review, from the perspective of the anatomical characteristics of the oral cavity and the advantages and difficulties of oral drug delivery, we illustrate the design ideas, manufacturing techniques, research methodologies, and the essential attributes of an ideal oral patch/film. Furthermore, the applications of oral patches/films in both localized and systemic drug delivery were discussed. Finally, we offer insights into the future prospects of the oral patch/film, aiming to provide valuable reference for the advancement of oral localized drug delivery systems.
Biosynthesis of High Toughness Poly(3-Hydroxypropionate)-Based Block Copolymers With Poly(D-2-Hydroxybutyrate) and Poly(D-Lactate) Segments Using Evolved Monomer Sequence-Regulating Polyester Synthase.
Kawakami T, Tomita H, Hien PT … +1 more , Matsumoto K
Biopolymers · 2024 Nov · PMID 39162134 · Full text
This study synthesized poly(3-hydroxypropionate) [P(3HP)]-containing polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) block copolymers, P(3HP)-b-P[2-hydroxybutyrate (2HB)] and P(3HP)-b-P(D-lactate) (PDLA), using Escherichia coli. The cells ex...
This study synthesized poly(3-hydroxypropionate) [P(3HP)]-containing polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) block copolymers, P(3HP)-b-P[2-hydroxybutyrate (2HB)] and P(3HP)-b-P(D-lactate) (PDLA), using Escherichia coli. The cells expressing an evolved sequence-regulating PHA synthase, PhaCNDFH, and propionyl-CoA transferase were cultured with the supplementation of the corresponding monomer precursors in the medium. The block structure of P(3HP)-b-PDLA was confirmed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance analysis and solvent fractionation. The molecular weights of the polymers were in the range of 0.8-2.8 × 10. The solvent-cast polymer films were subjected to isothermal treatment to promote phase separation and crystallization and were subsequently melt-quenched to produce an amorphous phase. The melt-quenched P(3HP)-b-P(2HB) film exhibited a high elongation at break (1153%), resulting in a toughness of 181 MJ/m. The solvent-cast film of P(3HP)-b-65 mol% PDLA exhibited partial elastic deformation, in which the P(3HP) phase functioned as a soft segment. The melt-quenching of the polymer resulted in embrittlement presumably due to the high lactate fraction. Overall, the P(3HP)-based block copolymers exhibited several mechanical properties depending on the higher-order structure of the polymer and the properties of the P(2-hydroxyalkanoate) segments. This study findings show that P(3HP)-b-P(2HB) and P(3HP)-b-PDLA can function excellently if their microstructures are properly controlled.
Imparting of Nearly Superparamagnetic Properties to Cryogel Scaffolds With Mesoporous MNPs for Magneto-Sensitive Tissue Engineering Strategies.
Demir D, Ulusal F, Ulusal H … +4 more , Ceylan S, Dağlı S, Özdemir N, Tarakçıoğlu M
Biopolymers · 2024 Nov · PMID 39158278 · Full text
This work reports the assembly of mesoporous iron oxide nanoparticles (meso-MNPs) with cryogel scaffolds composed of chitosan and gelatin. Meso-MNPs with a particle size ranging from 2 and 50 nm, a surface area of 140.52...
This work reports the assembly of mesoporous iron oxide nanoparticles (meso-MNPs) with cryogel scaffolds composed of chitosan and gelatin. Meso-MNPs with a particle size ranging from 2 and 50 nm, a surface area of 140.52 m g, and a pore volume of 0.27 cm g were synthesized on a porous SiO template in the presence of PEG 6000 followed by leaching of SiO. Different ratios of meso-MNPs were successfully incorporated into chitosan:gelatin cryogels up to an amount equivalent to the entire amount of polymer. The morphological structure and physicochemical properties of the cryogels were directly affected by the amount of MNPs. VSM curves showed that all composite cryogels could be magnetized by applying a magnetic field. In the context of the safety of magnetic cryogel scaffolds for use in biomedicine, it is important to note that all values are below the exposure limit for static magnetic fields, and according to cytotoxicity data, scaffolds containing meso-MNPs showed nontoxicity with cell viability ranging from 150% to 275%. In addition, microbial analysis with gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria showed that the scaffolds exhibited activity against these bacteria.
Relationship Between Cryoprotectant Potential and Protein Hydration in Aqueous Zwitterionic Solutions.
Takekiyo T, Yamada S, Hirata T … +3 more , Ishizaki T, Kuroda K, Yoshimura Y
Biopolymers · 2024 Nov · PMID 39152773 · Publisher ↗
The cryoprotectant potential of 3-(1-(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethyl)imidazol-3-io)butane-1-carboxylate (OEimCC) for proteins necessitates assessment to elucidate its relationship with protein hydration. To reveal this relatio...
The cryoprotectant potential of 3-(1-(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethyl)imidazol-3-io)butane-1-carboxylate (OEimCC) for proteins necessitates assessment to elucidate its relationship with protein hydration. To reveal this relationship, we assessed the protein stability (pre-freezing and post-thawing) and melting behavior in dilute aqueous protein-OEimCC solutions containing varying mole fractions (x) of OEimCC (x = 0, 7.7 × 10, and 1.7 × 10) using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and near-UV circular dichroism (near-UV CD) spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques. Following freezing/thawing using a deep freezer, protein stability in aqueous OEimCC solutions (x = 1.7 × 10) preserved the folded state owing to the protein-OEimCC interaction, whereas stability at x = 7.7 × 10 was reduced. These results indicate that the protein cryoprotectant potential in aqueous OEimCC solutions at x = 1.7 × 10 is higher than that at x = 7.7 × 10, owing to the preferential binding of OEimCC with proteins.
[Not Available].
Wagaye BT, Guo J
Biopolymers · 2024 Nov · PMID 39133070 · Publisher ↗
Ramie is a widely used plant fiber for making textiles and reinforcement in biodegradable composites. Pretreating cellulosic fibers with alkali before producing composites is increasingly used to enhance adhesion with po...
Ramie is a widely used plant fiber for making textiles and reinforcement in biodegradable composites. Pretreating cellulosic fibers with alkali before producing composites is increasingly used to enhance adhesion with polymeric resin. In this work, response surface methodology (RSM) based on the Box-Behnken technique was utilized to investigate the impact of independent variables on ramie fabric characteristics and determine the optimal treatment condition. The impact of alkali concentration, treatment time, and temperature on the breaking load and elongation at break of woven ramie fabrics were evaluated using Design-Expert software, which established the design matrix and analyzed the experimental data employing numerical and graphical optimization methods. Moreover, the impact of alkali treatment conditions on the surface morphology, structural change of ramie fabrics, and thermal properties was investigated. Based on the analysis of variance (ANOVA) results, the suggested quadratic models can adequately predict the breaking load and elongation at break of the ramie woven fabrics within the range of conditions applied in this investigation. The RSM revealed that an alkali concentration of 6.12%, a treatment time of 30 min, and a temperature of 39.13°C resulted in an optimum treatment condition with a breaking load of 518.28 N and elongation at break of 23.36%.
Preparation and Characterization of Durian Husk-Based Biocomposite Films Reinforced With Nanocellulose From Corn Husk and Pineapple Leaf.
Siribanluehan N, Wattanachai P
Biopolymers · 2024 Nov · PMID 39115118 · Publisher ↗
This research explores the integration of corn husk nanocellulose (CHNc) and pineapple leaf nanocellulose (PLNc) as reinforcing agents in a carboxymethyl cellulose-based film derived from durian husk (CMC). Through a sol...
This research explores the integration of corn husk nanocellulose (CHNc) and pineapple leaf nanocellulose (PLNc) as reinforcing agents in a carboxymethyl cellulose-based film derived from durian husk (CMC). Through a solvent-casting method, composite films were fabricated with varying nanocellulose contents (15, 30, and 45 wt%). Analysis using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction confirmed the effectiveness of alkaline and bleaching treatments in eliminating noncellulosic components. Transmission electron microscopy image revealed the rod-like morphology of CHNc and PLNc, with dimensions approximately 206.5 × 7.2 nm and 150.7 × 6.5 nm, respectively. The inclusion of nanocellulose decreased the transparency of CMC films while enhancing their tensile strength, thermal stability, and water vapor transmission rate. Notably, CMC/PLNc(30%) exhibited the highest tensile strength at 5.06 ± 0.83 MPa, representing a remarkable 220% increase compared to CMC biofilm. Thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimeter results indicated that nanocellulose incorporation delayed the film's decomposition temperature by approximately 10°C. Moreover, CMC/PLNc(30%) demonstrated the lowest water vapor transmission rate, marking a 20% improvement. However, the film's properties were compromised at the highest nanocellulose content (45 wt%) due to observed fiber aggregation, as revealed by scanning electron microscopy analysis.
Customized Modification of Welan Gum Properties Through Controllable Grafting of Acrylamide.
Xu G, Li J, Li X … +5 more , Jia Y, Song Y, Wang J, Wang L, Zhang H
Biopolymers · 2024 Nov · PMID 39109846 · Publisher ↗
Welan gum (WG) has a wide range of applications, but it is not yet suitable for applications such as oil recovery profile control that have complex requirements for viscosity, gelation properties, and so forth. Grafting...
Welan gum (WG) has a wide range of applications, but it is not yet suitable for applications such as oil recovery profile control that have complex requirements for viscosity, gelation properties, and so forth. Grafting modification is an important strategy for improving the property of WG, but there are few reports on controllable modification of WG to customize it for specific application. Acrylamide (AM) dosage was identified as the key factor affecting the grafting ratio of AM onto WG by a uniform experimental design. The grafting ratio can be directly adjusted between 99% and 378% based on the positive correlation with dosage of AM, and viscosity can be adjusted between 206 and 327 mPa s based on the negative correlation with grafting ratio. The 50% weight loss temperature of W11 with a grafting ratio of 110% raised from 314 to 336°C after grafting. The viscosity of the hydrogel formed with WG11 reached 15,654 mPa s, nearly nine times higher than that of unmodified WG. In addition, the gelation time can be controlled within 5 days, so that it can be injected to the optimal area in oilfield profile, avoiding pipeline blockage. This study enables adjusting viscosity of WG grafted with AM by controlling the grafting rate, and enhances gelation performance and thermal stability of WG, which will expand the application of WG in oil recovery and other fields.
A new application of avocado oil to enrich the biological activities of polycaprolactone membranes for tissue engineering.
Yurtsever MÇ, Aydoğan S, İyigündoğdu Z … +3 more , Cömertpay A, Demir D, Ceylan S
Biopolymers · 2024 Nov · PMID 39032016 · Full text
The metabolites synthesized by plants to protect themselves serves as natural antimicrobial agents used in biomaterials. In this study, avocado oil (AO), was incorporated as a plant source and natural antimicrobial agent...
The metabolites synthesized by plants to protect themselves serves as natural antimicrobial agents used in biomaterials. In this study, avocado oil (AO), was incorporated as a plant source and natural antimicrobial agent into polycaprolactone (PCL) membranes. The effects of varying AO ratios (25, 50, and 100 wt%.-PCL@25AO, PCL@50AO, PCL@100AO) on PCL membrane morphology, chemical structure, wettability, antimicrobial activity, and cell viabilities were investigated. It was demonstrated that the AO acts as a pore-forming agent in solvent-casted membranes. Young's modulus of the membranes varied between 602.68 and 31.92 MPa and more flexible membranes were obtained with increasing AO content. Inhibition zones of AO were recorded between 7.86 and 13.97 mm against clinically relevant microbial strains including bacteria, yeast, and fungi. Antimicrobial activity of AO was retained in PCL membranes at all ratios. Resazurin assay indicated that PCL@25AO membranes were cytocompatible with mouse fibroblast cells (L929 cell line) on day 6 showing 72.4% cell viability with respect to neat PCL membranes. Viability results were supported by scanning electron microscopy images and DAPI staining. The overall results of this study highlight the potential of PCL@25AO membranes as a biomaterial with antimicrobial properties, cytocompatibility, and mechanical strength suitable for various biomedical applications.
Thermite frass biomass and surface modified biowaste coir fiber reinforced biocomposites-Conversion of waste to useful products.
Sajin JA, Sreenivasan VS, Bright BM … +6 more , Saravanan MSS, Tharayil T, Anish RK, Natarajan M, Bharathiraja G, Binoj JS
Biopolymers · 2024 Nov · PMID 39031485 · Publisher ↗
Polymer composites are known for its light weight and specific mechanical characteristics. This study examines sodium hydroxide (NaOH)-treated coir fiber, an agro-leftover, stuffed in a polyester matrix with termite fras...
Polymer composites are known for its light weight and specific mechanical characteristics. This study examines sodium hydroxide (NaOH)-treated coir fiber, an agro-leftover, stuffed in a polyester matrix with termite frass powder, a bio-leftover for possible use in light-weight structural applications. Composite samples were made using compression molding and NaOH-treated coir fiber reinforced hybrid polymer composite (TCRHPC) with 40 wt% treated coir fiber and 1, 2, 3, and 4 wt% termite frass powder. TCRHPC samples mechanical, water captivation, tribological, and thermal properties were affected by termite frass powder wt%. The TCRHPC sample with 3 wt% termite frass powder has excellent mechanical properties, which improved by tensile (41.6%), flexural (28.57%), impact (43.7%), and hardness (18.84%) properties. With perfect water captivation and low weight increases in normal water (0.017 g), seawater (0.015 g), and NaOH solution (0.010 g), the identical composite sample with thermal stability up to 238°C also reduced wear mass by 5.27%. Conversely, filler agglomeration and heterogeneous dispersion in composite sample impair thermo-mechanical characteristics of TCRHPC containing 4 wt% termite frass powder. The bonding among polyester, treated coir fiber, and termite frass powder in composites were appraised with the aid of fractographic images of TCRHPC samples. The results show that TCRHPC material suits well for support structures requiring lesser weight.
Defined folding pattern of poly(rG) supports inherent ability to encode biological information.
Kankia N, Lomidze L, Stevenson S … +2 more , Musier-Forsyth K, Kankia B
Biopolymers · 2024 Nov · PMID 39004945 · Full text
The RNA World hypothesis posits that RNA can represent a primitive life form by reproducing itself and demonstrating catalytic activity. However, this hypothesis is incapable of addressing several major origin-of-life (O...
The RNA World hypothesis posits that RNA can represent a primitive life form by reproducing itself and demonstrating catalytic activity. However, this hypothesis is incapable of addressing several major origin-of-life (OoL) questions. A recently described paradox-free alternative OoL hypothesis, the Quadruplex (G4) World, is based on the ability of poly(dG) to fold into a stable architecture with an unambiguous folding pattern using G-tetrads as building elements. Because of the folding pattern of three G-tetrads and single-G loops, dG is programmable and has the capability to encode biological information. Here, we address two open questions of the G4 World hypothesis: (1) Does RNA follow the same folding pattern as DNA? (2) How do stable quadruplexes evolve into the present-day system of information transfer, which is based on Watson-Crick base pair complementarity? To address these questions, we systematically studied the thermodynamic and optical properties of both DNA and RNA G15- and G3T (GGGTGGGTGGGTGGG)-derived sequences. Our study revealed that similar to DNA sequences, RNAs adopt quadruplexes with only three G-tetrads. Thus, both poly(dG) and poly(rG) possess inherent ability to fold into 3D quadruplex architecture with strictly defined folding pattern. The study also revealed that despite high stability of both DNA and RNA quadruplexes, they are vulnerable to single-nucleotide substitutions, which drop the thermal stability by ~40°C and can facilitate introduction of the complementarity principle into the G4 World.
Investigating the physicochemical, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of chitosan film containing zero-valent iron nanoparticles and oregano essence.
Khodaparast FK, Pirsa S, Toupchi FM … +1 more , Mohtarami F
Biopolymers · 2024 Nov · PMID 38994805 · Publisher ↗
The problems caused by the pollution of the environment by petroleum polymers in recent years have caused researchers to think of replacing petroleum polymers with biodegradable and natural polymers. The aim of this rese...
The problems caused by the pollution of the environment by petroleum polymers in recent years have caused researchers to think of replacing petroleum polymers with biodegradable and natural polymers. The aim of this research was to produce composite film of chitosan (Chit)/zero-valent iron (Fe) nanoparticles/oregano essence (Ess) (Chit/Fe/Ess). Central composite design was used to study physical, morphological, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of films. The results showed that with the increase of iron nanoparticles and oregano essence, the thickness of the film increased. The moisture, solubility and water vapor permeability of the film decreased with the increase of iron nanoparticles and oregano essence. The results of the mechanical test showed that with the increase of iron nanoparticles and oregano essence, the tensile strength and elongation at break point decreased. Iron nanoparticles and oregano essence increased significantly the antioxidant activity of the film. The results of the antimicrobial activity of the prepared films show that the addition of iron nanoparticles and oregano essence enhanced the antimicrobial activity of the film against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that iron nanoparticles were physically combined with chitosan polymer. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) results confirmed the physical presence of iron nanoparticles and oregano essence in the polymer matrix. The results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the surface of nanocomposite films is more heterogeneous than chitosan. Iron nanoparticles and oregano essence could delay the thermal decomposition of chitosan and increase the thermal stability of chitosan film.
Silk fibroin/vitreous humor hydrogel scaffold modified by a carbodiimide crosslinker for wound healing.
Rafiei S, Ghanbari-Abdolmaleki M, Zeinali R … +8 more , Heidari-Keshel S, Rahimi A, Royanian F, Zaeifi D, Taheri K, Pourtaghi K, Khaleghi M, Biazar E
Biopolymers · 2024 Nov · PMID 38994706 · Publisher ↗
Natural-derived biomaterials can be used as substrates for the growth, proliferation, and differentiation of cells. In this study, bovine vitreous humor as a biological material was cross-linked to silk fibroin with diff...
Natural-derived biomaterials can be used as substrates for the growth, proliferation, and differentiation of cells. In this study, bovine vitreous humor as a biological material was cross-linked to silk fibroin with different concentration ratios to design a suitable substrate for corneal tissue regeneration. The cross-linked samples were evaluated with different analyses such as structural, physical (optical, swelling, and degradation), mechanical, and biological (viability, cell adhesion) assays. The results showed that all samples had excellent transparency, especially those with higher silk fibroin content. Increasing the ratio of vitreous humor to silk fibroin decreased mechanical strength and increased swelling and degradation, respectively. There was no significant difference in the toxicity of the samples, and with the increase in vitreous humor ratio, adhesion and cell proliferation increased. Generally, silk fibroin with vitreous humor can provide desirable characteristics as a transparent film for corneal wound healing.
Fabrication of polydopamine-modified cellulose hydrogel for controlled release of α-mangostin.
Phan HL, Tran NCT, Le THY … +3 more , Le QV, Le TT, Thach UD
Biopolymers · 2024 Nov · PMID 38989603 · Publisher ↗
Hydrogels are notable for their outstanding absorbent qualities, satisfactory compatibility with biological systems, ability to degrade, and inherent safety, all of which contribute to their high demand in the field of b...
Hydrogels are notable for their outstanding absorbent qualities, satisfactory compatibility with biological systems, ability to degrade, and inherent safety, all of which contribute to their high demand in the field of biomedicine. This study focuses on the fabrication of hydrogels using environmentally friendly cellulosic material. Cellulose hydrogel beads were prepared by physical cross-linking in a NaOH/urea medium. Furthermore, nano polydopamine was integrated into the hydrogel matrix as functional polymers and α-mangostin was employed as an active pharmaceutical ingredient. The physicochemical properties were comprehensively analyzed using Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer, C cross-polarization/magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance, thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscope. The drug delivery properties, including water content, swelling ratio, and drug release profiles, were evaluated. In vitro cytotoxicity against MC3T3-E1 cells was assessed using sulforhodamine B staining. All test hydrogels exhibited inhibitory activity against the growth of MC3T3-E1 cells. These results indicated the potential use of these hydrogels as a drug delivery carrier for α-mangostin in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis.
Characterization of cellulose nanocrystals from Zhombwe (Neorautanenia brachypus (harms) CA Sm.) bagasse.
Makanda RA, Chikwambi Z, Murungweni C … +2 more , Kakwere H, Mashingaidze AB
Biopolymers · 2024 Nov · PMID 38984389 · Publisher ↗
Increased awareness of environmental pollution has changed focus to the use of biodegradable materials because they lack persistence in the environment. This article focused on the production of cellulose nanocrystals fr...
Increased awareness of environmental pollution has changed focus to the use of biodegradable materials because they lack persistence in the environment. This article focused on the production of cellulose nanocrystals from Zhombwe, Neorautanenia brachypus (Harms) CA Sm. bagasse using steam explosion, alkaline treatment, bleaching, purification, and acid hydrolysis. The chemical composition after the treatments was determined using TAPPI standards. Further characterization was done using x-ray Diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The nanoscale dimensions and morphology of the extracted nanocrystals was determined through field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). FTIR spectroscopy and DSC confirmed the removal of noncellulosic compounds. XRD revealed that N. brachypus bagasse contained cellulose type I, which partly endured morphological change to polymorph II after purification and hydrolysis. FE-SEM revealed elliptical to rod-shaped structures after acid hydrolysis, which had a mean length and width of 1103 nm and 597 nm respectively. TAPPI tests revealed that successive chemical treatments increased crystallinity by 29.7%, enriched cellulose content by 74.2%, reduced lignin content by 21.7%, and reduced hemicellulose to less than 1%. The semicrystalline nature of the material produced in our work is a promising candidate for swelling hydrogel applications in areas such as wound dressing, heavy metal removal, controlled drug delivery, agriculture, and sanitary products. Future studies may focus on surface modification of nanocrystals to improve their thermal stability and therefore expand their range for potential industrial applications.
On the architecture of starch granules revealed by iodine vapor binding and lintnerization. Part 1: Microscopic examinations.
Bertoft E, Annor G, Vamadevan V … +1 more , Lin AH
Biopolymers · 2024 Nov · PMID 38953406 · Publisher ↗
Structural nature of glucan chains in the amorphous part of granular starch was examined by iodine vapor treatment and lintnerization. Four iodine-stained amylose-containing normal starches and their waxy counterparts we...
Structural nature of glucan chains in the amorphous part of granular starch was examined by iodine vapor treatment and lintnerization. Four iodine-stained amylose-containing normal starches and their waxy counterparts were examined under a microscope before, during, and after lintnerization. The presence of amylose retarded the lintnerization rate. The degree of retardation correlated with the structural type of the amylopectin component, suggesting that potato amylopectin (type 4 structure) interacts with amylose in the granules, whereas in barley granules (type 1 structure) the interaction is very weak. The inclusion complexes with iodine were not degraded by the acid treatment. Therefore, the iodine-glucan chain complex formation could be used to study the structural nature of the flexible, amorphous parts of the starch granules. Indeed, at the end of lintnerization, when 20%-30% of the granules remained, substantial amounts of blue-stained complexes were washed out from the granules especially from amylose-containing barley and maize starch, but also from both normal and waxy cassava and potato starch. The complexation with iodine did not affect the rate of lintnerization. This suggested that single helical structures were present during lintnerization also in the absence of iodine and this conformation was the reason for the acid resistance.
Preparation of nanocellulose/reduced graphene oxide matrix loaded with cuprous oxide nanoparticles for efficient catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol.
Khili F, Omrani AD
Biopolymers · 2024 Sep · PMID 38923469 · Publisher ↗
The paper reports on the preparation of cellulose nanocrystals/reduced graphene oxide matrix loaded with cuprous oxide nanoparticles (CNC/rGO-CuO) through a simple solvothermal method and its application for 4-nitropheno...
The paper reports on the preparation of cellulose nanocrystals/reduced graphene oxide matrix loaded with cuprous oxide nanoparticles (CNC/rGO-CuO) through a simple solvothermal method and its application for 4-nitrophenol reduction to 4-aminophenol using sodium borohydride. The CNC/rGO-CuO nanocomposite was formed chemically by first mixing CNC and graphene oxide (GO) followed by complexation of the negatively charged functional groups of CNC/GO with Cu ions and subsequent heating at 100°C. This resulted in the simultaneous reduction of GO to rGO and the formation of CuO nanoparticles. The as-elaborated nanocomposite was firstly characterized using different techniques such as atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, UV-Vis spectrophotometry, Raman spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Then, it was successfully applied for efficient catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol using sodium borohydride: the reduction was completed in about 6 min. After eight times use, the catalyst still maintained good catalytic performance. Compared to CNC/rGO, rGO/CuO and free CuO nanoparticles, the CNC/rGO-CuO nanocomposite exhibits higher catalytic activity even at lower copper loading.
pH-response of protein-polysaccharide multilayers adsorbed on a flat gold surface: A surface plasmon resonance study.
Katsenou N, Spiliopoulos N, Anastassopoulos DL … +2 more , Papagiannopoulos A, Toprakcioglu C
Biopolymers · 2024 Sep · PMID 38899576 · Publisher ↗
Polysaccharide-protein multilayers (PPMLs) consisting of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) are assembled in acidic solution (pH 4.2) via layer-by-layer deposition method. The formation of PPMLs on g...
Polysaccharide-protein multilayers (PPMLs) consisting of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) are assembled in acidic solution (pH 4.2) via layer-by-layer deposition method. The formation of PPMLs on gold surface and their responsiveness to pH change from 4.2 to 7 is investigated by Surface Plasmon Resonance Spectroscopy. The buildup of the multilayer at pH 4.2 exhibits non-linear growth while the formation of the first layers is strongly affected by the physicochemical properties of the gold surface. Neutral solution (pH 7) affects the interactions between the biopolymers and results in a partially disassemble (disintegration) of the multilayer film. On one hand, the single pair of layers, BSA-CS and the double pair of layers, (BSA-CS), assemblies are stable in neutral pH, a result that will be of interest for biomedical applications. On the other hand, multilayer films consisting of more than four layers that is (BSA-CS), disintegrated down to the 4-layered structure by changing pH to neutral, a fact that renders the (BSA-CS) assembly useful in the field of drug and protein delivery. The residual mass after the disintegration of the assembly never falls below the mass of four layers. The disintegrated multilayer film can be reconstructed and disassembled repeatedly, simply by cycling the pH value.
Fabrication of bacterial cellulose/PVP nanofiber composites by electrospinning.
Cesur NP, Zad Ghaffari Vahdat K, Türkoğlu Laçin N
Biopolymers · 2024 Sep · PMID 38888357 · Publisher ↗
This study aimed to address a significant challenge in the application of bacterial cellulose (BC) within tissue engineering and regenerative medicine by tackling its inherent insolubility in water and organic solvents....
This study aimed to address a significant challenge in the application of bacterial cellulose (BC) within tissue engineering and regenerative medicine by tackling its inherent insolubility in water and organic solvents. Our team introduced a groundbreaking approach by utilizing zinc sulfate (ZnSO) as a solvent to render BC soluble, a novel contribution to the literature. Subsequently, the obtained soluble BC was combined with varying concentrations of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). Notably, we pioneered the fabrication of BC/PVP composite scaffolds with customizable fiber surface morphology and regulated degradation rates through the electrospun technique. Several key parameters, such as PVP concentration (8%, 15%, 12%, and 20% w/v), applied voltage (22, 15, and 12 kV), and a fixed nozzle-collector distance of 10 cm with a flow rate of 0.9 mL/h, were systematically evaluated so as to find the optimum parameter created BC/PVP product with electrospun. For electrospun BC/PVP products, a voltage of 12 kV was found to be optimal. Intriguingly, our findings revealed enhanced cell adhesion and proliferation in BC/PVP electrospun products compared with using PVP membranes alone. Specifically, cell viability for PVP and PVP/BC electrospun products was determined as 50.73% and 79.95%, respectively. In terms of thermal properties, the BC/PVP electrospun product exhibited a mass loss of 82.6% at 380°C, while PVP alone experienced 90.2% mass loss at around 280°C. Furthermore, the protein adhesion capacities were measured at 62.3 ± 1.2 μg for PVP and 99.4 ± 2 μg for BC/PVP electrospun products, whereas product showed no biodegradation over 28 days and had notable water retention capacity. In conclusion, our research not only successfully attained nanofiber morphology but also showcased enhanced cell attachment and proliferation on the BC/PVP electrospun product.
Combination of irradiated chitosan and microbial agent to reduce downy mildew on grapevine cv. Thompson seedless.
Khatal M, Narute T, Sonawane R … +2 more , Bhalerao V, Dalvi S
Biopolymers · 2024 Sep · PMID 38888353 · Publisher ↗
Globally sustainable disease management ensuring high quality in grapes is in demand as it holds significant importance as a versatile fruit for consumption, winemaking, and production of various products such as grape j...
Globally sustainable disease management ensuring high quality in grapes is in demand as it holds significant importance as a versatile fruit for consumption, winemaking, and production of various products such as grape juice, raisin, and grape-seed oil. The present paper reports a combination of nano-biotechnology as a promising strategy for enhancing plant health and fruit productivity in grapes combining Irradiated chitosan nanoparticles and bio-control agents. The Irradiated Chitosan with Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma viridae and pesticides were evaluated for disease management. Percent disease index, percent disease control, and percent yield enhancement in Cymoxanil 8% + Mamcozeb 64% WP @ 0.2% treatment were as 17. 24%, 67.97% and 33.91% in 150 ppm Irradiated chitosan+B. subtilis were 19.83, 63.16, 30.41 and in Trichoderma 150 ppm Irradiated chitosan were 24.58, 54.33, and 27.40, respectively as compared to untreated crop with disease severity 53.84% PDI. Thus, irradiated chitosan and Bacillus subtilis elucidated a synergistic combination for residue-free efficient phytosanitary measures, which harnessed the strength of chitosan and bio-control agents for sustainable grape productivity. These findings will also pave the way for a deeper understanding of the synergistic interaction between Irradiated nanochitosan and bio-control agents for an eco-friendly and economically viable disease management strategy. The minimum temperature and morning relative humidity (RH I) had positive significance, with correlation coefficients of 0.484 and 0.485, respectively. The evening relative humidity (RH II) had a positive highly significant positive correlation coefficient of 0.664. Chitosan merits as a multiple stress tolerance enhancing agent that will further help in mitigating climate change adaptations in grapevines reducing reliance on chemical agro-inputs.
Preparation and characterization of bis-phosphonated polycarbohydrates.
Sadowska K, Prześniak-Welenc M, Łapiński M
Biopolymers · 2024 Sep · PMID 38884122 · Publisher ↗
A simple, cost-effective, one-pot method was proposed to introduce bis-phosphonic groups onto alginic acid and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). New derivatives were characterized by means of nuclear magnetic resonance, X-r...
A simple, cost-effective, one-pot method was proposed to introduce bis-phosphonic groups onto alginic acid and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). New derivatives were characterized by means of nuclear magnetic resonance, X-ray photoelectron, and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. These analyses confirmed the successful transformation of carboxylic groups present in alginic acid and CMC into bis-phosphonic groups. Additionally, thermogravimetric analysis coupled with differential scanning calorimetry was employed to investigate the thermal properties of the bis-phosphonic derivatives of alginate and CMC. The results clearly demonstrate the char-forming ability of both studied bis-phosphonated polycarbohydrates, suggesting their potential as intumescent materials.
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