Operative Dentistry[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Effect of Instrument Lubricant on Mechanical Properties of Restorative Composite.
Pippin G, Tantbirojn D, Wolfgang M … +2 more , Nordin JS, Versluis A
Oper Dent · 2024 Jul · PMID 38987928 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: Using a wetting resin or adhesive system as an instrument lubricant when placing composite layers is commonly practiced to improve handling. This study investigated whether instrument lubricants affected stre...
OBJECTIVES: Using a wetting resin or adhesive system as an instrument lubricant when placing composite layers is commonly practiced to improve handling. This study investigated whether instrument lubricants affected strength, stiffness, or hardness. METHODS: Composite beams (TPH Spectra) were fabricated using a stainless steel mold (25×2.5×2 mm) in two steps, where the second half (12.5 mm) was added and cured against a cured first half (n=15). The composite surface at the open end of the first half was smoothed using an instrument lubricated with wetting resin (Ultradent) or universal adhesive (ScotchBond Universal), enough to prevent sticking, or without lubrication. An additional beam of each group was characterized using scanning electron microscopy. Monolithic specimens were also fabricated. After 24 hour storage (37°C, 100% humidity), the beams' flexural strength and stiffness were determined by four-point bending. Vickers surface hardness was measured on 24-hour composite samples in 2 mm deep acrylic cavities, cured after the surface was smoothed with the two instrument lubricants or no lubricant (n=10). Hardness was remeasured after finishing with a series of contouring and polishing discs. Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA followed by Student-Newman-Keuls post hoc test at 0.05 significance level. RESULTS: There were significant differences (p<0.001) in flexural strength and stiffness among groups. While strength and stiffness were not affected by using a wetting resin as instrument lubricant, use of a universal adhesive increased strength and stiffness significantly, achieving monolithic values. Scanning electron micrographs showed less porosities at the interface when using instrument lubricants. Surface hardness was significantly reduced in groups in which instrument lubricants were used, but finishing/polishing restored original hardness (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Lubricating an instrument with a wetting agent did not adversely affect physical or surface properties, provided the surface was finished and polished. If a universal adhesive was used as lubricant, the strength and stiffness of a layered composite could be increased, reaching monolithic values.
Impact of Cut-out-rescan and Data Exchange by Over-scanning Techniques on Marginal Fit of CAD/CAM Lithium Disilicate Crowns.
Passos L, Musskopf M, Vasconcellos AB
Oper Dent · 2024 Jul · PMID 38978322 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the impact of adjustment procedures - cut-out-rescan (COR) and data exchange by over-scanning (DEOS) techniques - through CAD/CAM software on the marginal fit outcome of ceramic crowns. METHODS AND MA...
OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the impact of adjustment procedures - cut-out-rescan (COR) and data exchange by over-scanning (DEOS) techniques - through CAD/CAM software on the marginal fit outcome of ceramic crowns. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Twenty-eight de-identified teeth were adapted in a mandibular typodont set. Tooth #19 was prepared for a lithium disilicate crown and seven groups, G0 to G6 (n=10), were created based on the rescanned areas (mesial and/or buccal) on the typodont using an intraoral scanner through COR or DEOS techniques. A digital workflow was used to design and mill 70 crowns according to the groups. Each crown was temporarily cemented on tooth #19 and scanned with micro-computed tomography to measure the marginal fit. The data were analyzed statistically by the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by the Mann-Whitney test to compare the groups pairwise as a post-hoc (α=0.05). RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were found for vertical misfit (μm) between the groups for Marginal Gap Buccal (MGB) and Marginal Gap Mesial (MGM) (p=0.003 and p=0.029, respectively). No significant difference was found for Finish Line Buccal (FLB) and Finish Line Mesial (FLM) (p=0.062 and p=0.092, respectively). G3 (COR buccal and mesial) had the highest MGB (57.75 μm), statistically different from all other groups. G4 (DEOS buccal) (41.60 μm) was different from G6 (DEOS buccal and mesial) (44.21 μm) (p=0.023). For MGM, G0 (control) (53.96 μm) was different from G5 (DEOS mesial) (45.76 μm) and G6 (DEOS buccal and mesial) (48.56 vm) (p=0.013 and p=0.041, respectively) and G2 (COR mesial) (58.43 μm) was different from G5 (DEOS mesial) (45.76 μm) (p=0.016). CONCLUSIONS: Despite a statistically significant difference in certain groups for both techniques, COR and DEOS techniques are viable options for image editing during acquisition. Lithium disilicate crowns can be produced with satisfactory marginal gap values utilizing a chairside CAD/CAM system.
Effect of Blood Decontamination Procedures on the Microshear Bond Strength of Resin-modified Glass Ionomer Cement to Resin Composite.
Chia YX, Li KC, Zwirner J … +3 more , Cooper P, Mei ML, Ekambaram M
Oper Dent · 2024 Jul · PMID 38978320 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of decontamination procedures on the microshear bond strength (μSBS) of blood-contaminated resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) bonded to resin composite (RC). METHODS: Eighty...
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of decontamination procedures on the microshear bond strength (μSBS) of blood-contaminated resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) bonded to resin composite (RC). METHODS: Eighty RMGIC disc specimens were allocated into 5 groups (n=16). All groups except Group 2 were contaminated with blood. Group 1 had no decontamination procedure, Group 3 was decontaminated by rinsing, Group 4 was decontaminated by 34% phosphoric acid etching, and Group 5 was decontaminated by 5% sodium hypochlorite application. RMGIC specimens were subsequently bonded with RC using a universal adhesive in self-etch mode. μSBS tests were conducted using a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. Failure mode analysis was conducted on RMGIC fracture surfaces under a scanning electron microscope. RESULTS: μSBS results indicated that Group 4 had the highest mean μSBS value of 6.22 ± 2.14 MPa, while Group 1 had the lowest mean μSBS value of 3.53 ±1.67 MPa. Significant differences were observed in the μSBS of Group 2 with no contamination (p=0.023) and Group 4 with decontamination by phosphoric acid-etching (p=0.003) when compared to Group 1 with blood contamination. No statistically significant differences (p>0.05) were observed between all other groups' μSBS. For all groups, the predominant mode of failure was adhesive failure between the RMGIC-RC interface, with a few mixed failures in RMGIC for Groups 2-5. CONCLUSIONS: Blood contamination before adhesive application significantly reduced the μSBS between RMGIC and RC. Phosphoric acid etching was the most effective blood decontamination procedure to improve the μSBS.
Performance of Bonded Lithium Disilicate Partial-coverage Crowns in the Restoration of Endodontically Treated Posterior Teeth: An Up to Seven-Year Retrospective Study.
Jiang Q, Wang Z, Zhang S … +2 more , Liu X, Fu B
Oper Dent · 2024 Jul · PMID 38978317 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the clinical performance of adhesively bonded lithium disilicate glass-ceramic (LDG) partial-coverage crowns in restoring posterior endodontically treated teeth (ETT). METHODS AND MATERIALS: A tot...
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the clinical performance of adhesively bonded lithium disilicate glass-ceramic (LDG) partial-coverage crowns in restoring posterior endodontically treated teeth (ETT). METHODS AND MATERIALS: A total of 121 morphologically compromised posterior ETT were restored with LDG partial-coverage crowns between October 2015 and January 2018. The restorations were fabricated in the laboratory or at the chairside. Two adhesive systems and resin cements were used to cement the restorations. Tooth and restoration survival rates were calculated. The restorations were evaluated clinically using the modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria for an observation period of 5-7 years. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate relative failure risks such as tooth type, resin cements, gender, and sleep bruxism. The standard chi-squared test was used to compare the survival of different tooth types for significant differences (α=0.05). In addition, survival probability was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier algorithm. RESULTS: Among seven failed cases, one was a tooth fracture, and six were restoration fractures. According to the Kaplan-Meier analysis, the estimated survival rate of the teeth was 99% for seven years, while the estimated survival rate of the restorations was 94.8% for 5 years and 92.8% for 7 years. Tooth type and resin cements did not influence restoration survival rates (p>0.05), while sleep bruxism and male patients might increase the risk of failure (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The indirect adhesively bonded LDG partial-coverage crowns of posterior ETT exhibited favorable clinical outcomes. Ceramic fracture was the most common failure pattern.
An In Vitro Study of Retention and Marginal Adaptation of Endocrowns With Different Intracoronal Depths.
Tiew EC, Azis N, Teh LA … +2 more , Shukor S, Goo CL
Oper Dent · 2024 Jul · PMID 38978316 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Marginal adaptation and retention of endocrowns are crucial for the success and survival of endocrowns. This study aimed to investigate the effect of different materials and intracoronal depth on the retentio...
BACKGROUND: Marginal adaptation and retention of endocrowns are crucial for the success and survival of endocrowns. This study aimed to investigate the effect of different materials and intracoronal depth on the retention and marginal adaptation of CAD/CAM fabricated all-ceramic endocrowns. METHODS: Thirty-six mandibular premolar teeth with an average surface area of 64.49 mm2 were prepared to receive CAM/CAM fabricated endocrowns. Samples were divided randomly and equally into groups of lithium disilicate with 2 mm intracoronal depth (LD2), lithium disilicate with 4 mm intracoronal depth (LD4), polymer infiltrated ceramic network with 2 mm intracoronal depth (PICN2) and polymer infiltrated ceramic network with 4 mm intracoronal depth (PICN4). All endocrowns were cemented using ParaCore resin cement with 14N pressure and cured for 20 seconds. Fifty measurements of absolute marginal discrepancy (AMD) were done using a stereomicroscope after cementation. After 24 hours, all samples were subjected to thermocycling before the retention test. This involved using a universal testing machine with a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min and applying a load of 500N. The maximum force to detach the crown was recorded in newtons and the mode of failure was identified. RESULTS: Two-way ANOVA revealed that the AMD for PICN was statistically significantly better than lithium disilicate (p=0.01). No statistically significant difference was detected in the AMD between the two intracoronal depths (p=0.72). PICN and endocrowns with 4 mm intracoronal depth had statistically significant better retention (p<0.05). 72.22% of the sample suffered from cohesive failures and 10 LD endocrowns suffered adhesive failures. CONCLUSIONS: Within the limitations of this study, we found that different materials and intracoronal depths can indeed influence the retention of CAD/CAM fabricated endocrowns. Based on the controlled setting findings, PICN was found to have better retention and better marginal adaptation than similar lithium disilicate premolar endocrowns.
The Effect of Resin Infiltration Technique on the Calculated Color Change of Demineralized Lesions of Different Severities.
Kabeel DG, Nour KA, Sedky RA
Oper Dent · 2024 Jul · PMID 38978312 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: To assess the color change of demineralized enamel lesions of different severities after resin infiltration using both clinical spectrophotometry and digital photography. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Sixty sound hum...
OBJECTIVE: To assess the color change of demineralized enamel lesions of different severities after resin infiltration using both clinical spectrophotometry and digital photography. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Sixty sound human premolars were randomly divided into 3 groups according to the demineralization level. All the teeth were immersed in a demineralizing solution of a pH adjusted to 4.4 at 37°C. Three levels of demineralization were obtained (D1 shallow, D2 moderate, D3 deep) according to the demineralization time. The demineralized area was then infiltrated by low-viscosity resin (ICON, DMG, Germany). Two instrumental methods were utilized to assess the color difference, a clinical spectrophotometer and digital photography at three time points (sound, demineralized, and infiltrated enamel) to calculate the color difference between sound and demineralized enamel (ΔE1) and between sound and infiltrated enamel (ΔE2). Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA, followed by Tukey's post hoc test. The correlation was analyzed using linear regression. RESULTS: Two-way ANOVA showed statistically significant differences for both levels of the study (p≤0.05). The color change (ΔE1) and (ΔE2) for different demineralization levels showed statistically significant differences between all groups. For both clinical spectrophotometry and digital photography, D3 showed the highest difference followed by D2 and then D1. As for (ΔE1) calculations, digital photography had a significantly higher difference than spectrophotometry for the D1 group (5.47±0.93 vs 2.78±0.58). As for (ΔE2) digital photography had a statistically significantly lower difference than spectrophotometry (5.55±1.05 vs 6.48±0.76) for the D3 group. CONCLUSIONS: Color correction after resin infiltration is affected by the demineralization level of enamel. Clinical spectrophotometry and digital photography can detect similarly the color change of demineralized enamel after resin infiltration in shallow and moderate demineralization. However, in deep demineralization clinical spectrophotometry tends to exaggerate the color change compared to digital photography.
Fracture Resistance and Failure Mode of Polyethylene Fiber-reinforced Resin-based Restorations in Structurally Compromised Premolars: an in Vitro Study.
Canobra LF, Parra-Gatica E, Sanhueza V … +2 more , Medina C, Wendler M
Oper Dent · 2024 Jul · PMID 38978307 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of polyethylene fiber-reinforcement on the fracture resistance and fracture mode of extensive resin-based composite (RBC) restorations in structurally compromised maxillary premolars. ME...
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of polyethylene fiber-reinforcement on the fracture resistance and fracture mode of extensive resin-based composite (RBC) restorations in structurally compromised maxillary premolars. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Maxillary premolars (54) with specific dimensions and extracted for orthodontic reasons were used. Following mesio-occluso-distal (MOD) cavity preparation and endodontic access, teeth were randomly assigned to one of three restorative protocols (n=18): RBC applied incrementally (I) or reinforced with woven polyethylene fibers (Ribbond) placed horizontally (H) or U-shaped (U). Restored teeth were stored for 45 days in distilled water at 37°C and then loaded monotonically until fracture. Half of the specimens in each group received axial loading (A) and the other half was loaded paraxially (PA). Fracture load data was assessed using two-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test for multiple comparisons (α=0.05). The fracture initiation and propagation path were analyzed using stereomicroscopy and scanning-electron microscopy. RESULTS: No significant differences were observed for the fracture strength among loading configurations, except for groups IA (825 N) and HA (553 N). Fracture initiated and propagated mainly at and through the RBC restoration in the I group, whereas a shift to the interface was observed in both polyethylene fiber-reinforced groups. Blocking and bridging of cracks were identified around the fibers, especially in specimens of group U. CONCLUSIONS: Incorporation of woven polyethylene fibers to reinforce extensive MOD resin-based composite restorations on endodontically treated premolars reduced the occurrence of cohesive fractures in the restorative material but was unable to increase the fracture resistance of the affected teeth.
Effect of a 3-second Off-label Exposure on the Depth of Cure of Eight Resin-based Composites.
Ribeiro M, Maucoski C, Price RB … +1 more , Soares CJ
Oper Dent · 2024 Jul · PMID 38978305 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the depth of cure (DoC) of eight resin-based composites (RBCs) photocured using one multipeak light-curing unit (LCU) on the standard output setting for the manufacturer's RBC recommended...
OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the depth of cure (DoC) of eight resin-based composites (RBCs) photocured using one multipeak light-curing unit (LCU) on the standard output setting for the manufacturer's RBC recommended exposure time and at a higher irradiance for 3 seconds. METHODS: Three conventional RBCs: Tetric EvoCeram (Evo), Tetric N-Ceram (Cer), Tetric Prime (Pri); and five bulk-fill: Tetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill (CerBF), Opus Bulk Fill APS (OpusBF), Opus Bulk Fill Flow APS (OpusF), Tetric PowerFill (PFill) and Tetric PowerFlow (PFlow) were examined. Only PFill and PFlow are formulated to be photocured in 3 seconds. The RBCs were packed into a metal mold and photocured using a Bluephase PowerCure LCU for the RBC manufacturer's recommended exposure time on the standard mode and using the 3-second high irradiance mode. After photocuring, the specimens were immersed in a solvent for 1 hour. The length of the remaining RBC was measured and divided by 2. Data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the Tukey post hoc multiple comparison test (α=0.05). RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the DoC values for PFill and PFlow when photocured using the 3-second high irradiance protocol compared to the lower irradiance standard mode protocol. All other RBCs had significantly lower DoC values (p<0.001) when photocured off-label using the 3-second high irradiance mode. CONCLUSION: Of the eight RBCs tested, only PFill and PFlow achieved the same DoC when the high irradiance 3-second curing method was used compared to when their longer lower irradiance protocol was used.
Effect of Deep Margin Elevation on the Pulpal and Periodontal Health of Teeth: A Systematic Review.
Srirama S, Jain S, Arul B … +2 more , Prabakar K, Natanasabapathy V
Oper Dent · 2024 Jul · PMID 38978303 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: To systematically evaluate the clinical performance of deep margin elevation (DME) technique in terms of pulpal and periodontal health of teeth. METHODS AND MATERIALS: An exploratory search was performed in Pu...
OBJECTIVE: To systematically evaluate the clinical performance of deep margin elevation (DME) technique in terms of pulpal and periodontal health of teeth. METHODS AND MATERIALS: An exploratory search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar up to September 2023 by two authors independently. This systematic review was performed in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA-SR) and registered with PROSPERO-CRD42022382082. A custom-designed spreadsheet was used to extract the data. The quality of each study was evaluated by means of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) risk of bias (ROB) tool specific for each study design. RESULTS: A total of 5363 articles was obtained through an electronic database search, the grey literature, and a hand search. 2814 duplicates were removed, and an additional 2535 articles were also removed, as they did not meet the eligibility criteria. Following the screening of titles and abstracts, 16 articles were selected for full text reading, from which 10 articles were included for final qualitative analysis. DME was predominantly done with resin-based composite or glass ionomer cement (GIC). Parameters like periodontal pocket depth and bleeding on probing were within normal limits in all teeth with DME. Only one study checked the histological outcome and concluded that DME had no negative effect on the periodontium. Most of the studies used indirect restoration (composite/lithium disilicate/Emax) over the DME layer. The follow-up period ranged between 6 months and 12 years. CONCLUSION: The level of evidence of this review is low, but DME was successful in all teeth, without any deleterious effect on pulp and periodontium.
Errata.
Oper Dent · 2024 May · PMID 38807325 · Publisher ↗
Abstract loading — click title to view on PubMed.
Cervicofacial Subcutaneous Emphysema and Pneumomediastinum Following Class V Resin Restoration: A Case Report.
Ahn SH, Seo MH
Oper Dent · 2024 May · PMID 38807324 · Publisher ↗
Air can become trapped within the subcutaneous layer of the cervicofacial area, a condition known as subcutaneous emphysema (SE), unexpectedly after routine dental procedures. SE can worsen by extending superiorly to the...
Air can become trapped within the subcutaneous layer of the cervicofacial area, a condition known as subcutaneous emphysema (SE), unexpectedly after routine dental procedures. SE can worsen by extending superiorly to the peri-orbital region and inferiorly to the thorax and abdomen along the fascial planes. Upward progression can result in cavernous sinus thrombosis. Conversely, downward progression can cause a variety of complications such as pneumothorax, mediastinitis, and compression of the venous trunks. The presence of these conditions highlights the significance of prompt identification, precise diagnosis to ascertain the need for immediate intervention, and suitable management to prevent additional unfavorable consequences.
Enamel Matrix Derivative, 58S5 Bioactive Glass, and Fluoride Varnish for Enamel Remineralization: A Multi-analysis Approach.
Gungor AS, Dalkılıç E, Alkan E … +2 more , Yılmaz-Atalı P, Tağtekin D
Oper Dent · 2024 May · PMID 38807323 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the enamel remineralization efficacy of enamel matrix derivative (EMD), experimental bioactive glass (BAG), and fluoride varnish in vitro. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Artificial initial c...
PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the enamel remineralization efficacy of enamel matrix derivative (EMD), experimental bioactive glass (BAG), and fluoride varnish in vitro. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Artificial initial caries lesions were developed on fifty human enamel specimens using demineralization solution (pH 4.5, 37°C, 96 hours). Specimens were randomly assigned to five groups (n=10): I-5% NaF varnish (Enamelast), II-experimental 58S5 BAG+37% phosphoric acid (PA), III-EMD (Emdogain) + Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid (EDTA), IV-EMD+37% PA, V-Control (untreated). All remineralization agents were applied with pH cycling for seven days. The specimens were scanned by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) at baseline, at demineralization, and after pH cycling. Lesion depths were measured using image analysis software (ImageJ). Lesions were evaluated using surface microhardness (SMH) and two fluorescence methods (FluoreCam and DIAGNOdent Pen [DDPen]). The data were statistically analyzed by Kruskal Wallis, Friedman, and Wilcoxon tests (α=0.05). RESULTS: According to SD-OCT results, fluoride varnish was found to be the most effective agent in reducing lesion depth (p=0.005). All agents increased the SMH values after pH cycling. No significant difference was found among fluoride varnish, BAG, and EMD+PA groups. These SMH values were significantly higher than EMD+EDTA and control groups (p<0.001). All groups showed lower DDPen scores compared with the control group (p<0.001), however, no significant difference was found among the remineralization agents. In FluoreCam assessment, size and intensity values of all treated groups showed improvement. However, there was no significant difference between the treatment groups in terms of FluoreCam size measurements (p=0.186). CONCLUSION: 58S5 BAG and EMD+PA have remineralization capacity as effective as fluoride varnish. EMD+PA showed better SMH and lesion intensity results than EMD+EDTA.
Interplay Between Minerals in Bottled Water and Fluoride Toothpaste and Caries Lesion Remineralization.
Qaw M, Al Dehailan L, Hara AT … +2 more , Eckert GJ, Lippert F
Oper Dent · 2024 May · PMID 38807322 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: he aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of some bottled waters on fluoride toothpaste efficacy in enhancing caries lesion remineralization. METHODS: Early caries lesions were created in bovi...
OBJECTIVES: he aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of some bottled waters on fluoride toothpaste efficacy in enhancing caries lesion remineralization. METHODS: Early caries lesions were created in bovine enamel specimens and stratified into treatment groups based on Vickers surface microhardness (VHN). The present study followed a two (fluoride and fluoride-free toothpaste) by five (four bottled waters and tap water) factorial design. The treatment groups were bottled water with the following attributes: (a) 309.9 ppm Ca/1.20 ppm F; (b) 118.4 ppm Ca/0.16 ppm F; (c) 1.00 ppm Ca/1.01 ppm F; and (d) 0.1 ppm Ca/0.04 ppm F and tap water (48.7 ppm Ca/0.7 ppm F). The five water groups were paired either with 1100 ppm fluoride or fluoride-free toothpaste, yielding 10 groups. Specimens were pH-cycled for 10 days with the daily regimen comprised of twice daily toothpaste slurry, with four exposures to water in between. VHN was measured again and the difference was calculated (ΔVHN). Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA at a 5% significance level. RESULTS: The two-way interaction between water and toothpaste was significant (p<0.001). All groups except fluoride-free toothpaste/bottled water with 0.1 ppm Ca/0.04 ppm F (p=0.411) had significant increases in VHN after pH cycling (p≤0.023). Fluoridated toothpaste resulted in a higher rate of remineralization compared to fluoride-free toothpaste (all p<0.001). Bottled water with 1.20 ppm F/309.9 ppm Ca exhibited the greatest extent of remineralization within fluoride toothpaste groups (p<0.001) and higher remineralization than lower fluoride water in fluoride-free toothpaste groups (p≤0.006). Within the fluoridated toothpaste group, tap water exhibited significantly less remineralization than all bottled waters (all p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Within the limitation of this study, bottled water with higher fluoride and calcium concentrations might improve fluoridated toothpaste efficacy by enhancing remineralization of early enamel caries-like lesions.
Excellence Isn't a Material: A Reprint With Foreword.
Diefenderfer K
Oper Dent · 2024 May · PMID 38807320 · Publisher ↗
Abstract loading — click title to view on PubMed.
Digital Photocolorimetric Analysis of In Vitro Tooth Color Changes.
Bezerra AP, Oshima S, Feldmann A … +4 more , Tango RN, Duque TM, Philippi AG, Gonçalves T
Oper Dent · 2024 May · PMID 38807319 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: Tooth color matching is challenging, and digital photocolorimetry using eLABor_aid (eLAB) provides objective evaluation through polarized photographs. However, its comparability with spectrophotometry remains...
OBJECTIVE: Tooth color matching is challenging, and digital photocolorimetry using eLABor_aid (eLAB) provides objective evaluation through polarized photographs. However, its comparability with spectrophotometry remains unclear. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Bovine incisor root canals (n=30) were prepared to simulate an incomplete root apex. The teeth were randomly assigned to three groups based on intracanal medication: control (without medication); calcium hydroxide/propylene glycol; and triple-antibiotic paste (n=10 each). Tooth color was assessed using both eLAB and spectrophotometry. Measurements were taken at the crown medio-cervical region on five-time intervals (baseline, 1, 3, 7, and 14 days). Statistical analysis included two-way repeated-measures ANOVA, Sidak post hoc and Pearson's correlation test (α=0.05). RESULTS: No significant differences were observed between the two methods for either medication or follow-ups (p>0.05). Triple-antibiotic paste exhibited higher color variation (p<0.05). After 7 days, all groups presented significant color changes (p<0.05). Moderate to high correlations (R2 from 0.51 to 0.84, p<0.0001) were found between both methods for all groups at all intervals. CONCLUSION: The eLAB is a reliable method for detecting tooth color changes, and its results are comparable to spectrophotometry analysis.
Influence of Varied Silane Commercial Brands and Adhesive Application on Bond Strength and Stability to Lithium Disilicate Glass Ceramic.
Calixto ET, Kelmer VF, Komegae GH … +3 more , Pacheco RR, Pini N, Sundfeld D
Oper Dent · 2024 May · PMID 38632867 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of various commercial silane brands with varied chemical compositions with or without the application of an adhesive layer on the microshear bond strength and durabilit...
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of various commercial silane brands with varied chemical compositions with or without the application of an adhesive layer on the microshear bond strength and durability of a resin luting agent to lithium disilicate glass ceramic. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Lithium disilicate glass ceramic discs (EMX, IPS e.max Press, Ivoclar Vivadent) measuring 10 mm in diameter and 3 mm in thickness were fabricated (n=240). Surfaces were etched using 5% hydrofluoric acid and randomly assigned to 10 groups based on the commercial brand of silane used (n=24): [RP] RelyX Ceramic Primer (3M ESPE); [PS] Prosil (FGM); [SA] Silano (Angelus); [SM] Silano (Maquira); [SU] Silane (Ultradent); [GL] GLUMA Ceramic Primer (Kulzer); [CB] Ceramic Bond (VOCO); [MB] Monobond N (Ivoclar Vivadent); [CP] Clearfil Ceramic Primer (Kuraray); and [DE] 2-step silane (Dentsply Sirona). Half of the EMXs (n=12) received a thin adhesive layer (+) after the silane and prior to resin luting agent, while the other half (n=12) did not receive an adhesive layer (-). For the microshear bond strength test (μSBS), four light-cured resin luting agent cylinders (1 mm in diameter) were created on each EMX surface. Half of these specimens were tested after 24 hours, while the other half were stored in deionized water for 6 months. The μSBS test was conducted using a universal testing machine (DL 500, EMIC) at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min until failure. The obtained data underwent statistical analysis using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey test (α=0.05). RESULTS: There was significant influence of the silane commercial brand on bond strength. Notably, "universal primers" yielded lower bond strength results compared to "pure" silane solutions. Water storage had a detrimental effect on microshear bond strength for certain silane commercial brands. Additionally, the application of an adhesive layer negatively impacted bond strength results for all silanes. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms the importance of both silane commercial brand and chemical composition in relation to bond strength of resin luting agents to lithium disilicate glass ceramic. Furthermore, the application of an adhesive layer may have an adverse effect on bond stability over time.
In-office Bleaching Activated With Violet LED: Effect on Pulpal and Tooth Temperature and Pulp Viability.
Carlos NR, Basting RT, Kantovitz KR … +4 more , Bronze-Uhle ES, Lisboa Filho PN, Cavalli V, Basting RT
Oper Dent · 2024 May · PMID 38632866 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the influence of hydrogen peroxide (HP) with or without titanium dioxide nanotubes (TiO2) associated with violet LED (VL) regarding: a) the temperature change in the pulp chamber and faci...
OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the influence of hydrogen peroxide (HP) with or without titanium dioxide nanotubes (TiO2) associated with violet LED (VL) regarding: a) the temperature change in the pulp chamber and facial surface; b) the decomposition of HP; and c) the cytotoxicity of the gels on pulp cells. METHODS AND MATERIALS: The experimental groups were: HP35 (35% HP/Whiteness HP, FGM); HP35+VL; HP35T (HP35+TiO2); HP35T+VL; HP7 (7.5% HP/White Class 7.5%, FGM); HP7+VL; HP7T (HP7+TiO2); and HP7T+VL. TiO2 was incorporated into the bleaching gels at 1%. Eighty bovine incisors were evaluated to determine temperature change in 8 experimental groups (n=10/group). A k-type thermocouple was used to evaluate the temperatures of the facial surface and in the pulp chamber, achieved by enabling endodontic access to the palatal surface, throughout the 30-minute session. HP decomposition (n=3) of gels was evaluated by using an automatic potentiometric titrator at the initial and 30-minute time points. Trans-enamel and trans-dentinal cell viability were assessed with a pulp chamber device as well as enamel and dentin discs (n=6), and the treatment extracts (culture medium + diffused components) were collected and applied to MDPC-23 odontoblast cells to evaluate cell viability according to the MTT test. RESULTS: A temperature increase in the pulp chamber was observed in the presence of VL at 30 minutes (p<0.05) (Mann-Whitney test). Also at 30 minutes, HP35 showed greater decomposition in the presence of VL rather than in its absence (p<0.05) (mixed linear models and the Tukey-Kramer test). HP7 provided greater cell viability than the groups treated with HP35 (p<0.05) (generalized linear models test). Cell viability was significantly lower for HP7 in the presence of VL (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Pulpal temperature increased with VL (maximum of 1.9°C), but did not exceed the critical limit to cause pulp damage. Less concentrated HP resulted in higher cell viability, even when associated with VL.
Comparison of Blue and Infrared Light Transmission Through Dental Tissues and Restorative Materials.
Pacheco RR, Garcia-Flores AF, Lesseux GG … +5 more , Lancelotti A, Rettori C, Urbano RR, Giannini M, Rueggeberg FA
Oper Dent · 2024 May · PMID 38632862 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: The depth of cure using blue-light photocuring units (BL) is limited by tooth structure and qualities of the restorative material through which the activating wavelength must pass. Recent developments incorpo...
OBJECTIVES: The depth of cure using blue-light photocuring units (BL) is limited by tooth structure and qualities of the restorative material through which the activating wavelength must pass. Recent developments incorporate an infrared (IR) activated upconversion (UC) fluorescence of a lining agent filled with nanocrystals of NaYF4 and doped with YB+3 and Tm+3 that emit both blue and violet light locally at the interface of the liner and restorative resin. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the BL and 975 nm infrared (IR) light power transmission through dental tissues and restorative materials. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Power transmissions of the IR laser (975 nm) and a monowave blue-only light-curing unit (Bluephase 16i) through dental tissues (enamel, dentin, and enamel/dentin junction, or DEJ), eight (8) various dental resin composites, and eight (8) dental ceramics, each at four thicknesses (1, 2, 3 and 4 mm) were evaluated (n=5) using a thermopile sensor (PM10, Coherent Inc) connected to a laser power meter (Fieldmate, Coherent Inc). Power transmission values of each light source and restorative material were subjected to analysis of variance and Tukey test at a pre-set alpha of 0.05. RESULTS: A linear correlation (r=0.9884) between the supplied current and emitted IR power of the laser diode was found, showing no statistical power reduction with increased distances (collimated beam). For tooth tissues, the highest power transmissions for both light sources were observed using 1.0 mm enamel while the lowest values were found for 2.0 mm dentin and an association of 2.0 mm DEJ and 1.0 mm dentin. The only group where IR demonstrated significantly higher transmission when compared to BL was 1.0 mm enamel. For all resin composites and dental ceramics, increased thickness resulted in a reduction of IR power transmission (except for EverX Posterior fiber-reinforced composite and e.max HT ceramic). IR resulted in higher transmission through all resin composites, except for Tetric EvoCeram White. The highest BL transmission was observed for SDR Flow, at all thicknesses. Higher IR/BL ratios were observed for EverX Posterior, Herculite Ultra, and Lava Ultimate, while the lowest ratio was observed for Tetric EvoCeram White. Reduced translucency shades within the same material resulted in lower power ratio values, especially for BL transmission. Higher IR/BL ratios were observed for e.Max LT, VitaVM7 Base Dentin, and e.max CAD HT, while the lowest values were found for VitaVM7 Enamel and Paradigm C. CONCLUSION: IR power transmission through enamel was higher when compared to blue light, while no difference was observed for dentin. The power transmission of IR was higher than BL for resin composites, except for a high value and low chroma shade. Fiber-reinforced resin composite demonstrated the highest IR/BL power transmission ratio. A greater IR/BL ratio was observed for lower translucency ceramics when compared to high translucency.
Efficacy of Biosilicate Glass-ceramic and Fluoride Varnish in the Treatment of Dentin Hypersensitivity-A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.
Roriz VM, Santana M, Boaventura VL … +3 more , Zanotto ED, Peitl Filho O, Dias DR
Oper Dent · 2024 May · PMID 38632860 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of Biosilicate and Duraphat in the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity (DH). METHODS AND MATERIALS: This clinical trial was conducted with young adults...
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of Biosilicate and Duraphat in the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity (DH). METHODS AND MATERIALS: This clinical trial was conducted with young adults presenting DH. A visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to assess the level of pain, using volatile and tactile tests. Forty participants presenting two teeth with DH were included, and these teeth were divided into two groups according to the treatment: Biosilicate or Duraphat. Each product was randomly applied on one tooth per participant once a week for 4 weeks and evaluated every 15 days for 60 days after the last application. RESULTS: The mean and standard deviation (SD) of VAS values for the initial volatile sensitivity evaluation were 6.18 (1.99) and 6.08 (1.98) for the Biosilicate and Duraphat groups, respectively, and at the fourth week 0.48 (1.5) and 0.83 (1.58). After 60 days, the volatile sensitivity showed the following values: 0.63 (1.19) for Biosilicate and 1.03 (1.07) for Duraphat. The intragroup comparison showed a significant reduction of mean VAS values for DH-related pain assessed by volatile testing for both groups (p<0.001), and the assessment at the 60-day follow-up showed mean values statistically similar to those obtained at the end of treatment. Initial tactile sensitivity observed was 1.48 (2.39) for the Biosilicate and 1.4 (2.2) for the Duraphat group and at the 60-day follow-up 0.23 (0.73) and 0.15 (0.36), respectively, with significant statistical difference (p<0.002). When the reduction in tactile and volatile sensitivities between both groups was compared, no statistically significant difference was observed. CONCLUSION: This study indicated that both products were able to promote an important reduction in dentin hypersensitivity with similar results within a 60-day follow-up.
Micro-shear Bond Strength of an Alternative Self-etch Application of "No Wait" Universal Adhesive to Caries-affected and Sound Dentin in Permanent and Primary Teeth.
Bahadır HS, Tuğutlu EC
Oper Dent · 2024 May · PMID 38632855 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the micro-shear bond strength (μSBS) of caries-affected dentin (CAD) and sound dentin (SoD) in primary and permanent teeth using an alternative self-etch application of "no wait" un...
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the micro-shear bond strength (μSBS) of caries-affected dentin (CAD) and sound dentin (SoD) in primary and permanent teeth using an alternative self-etch application of "no wait" universal adhesive. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Flat midcoronal dentin surfaces from 72 permanent third molars and 72 second primary molars were distributed randomly into 12 groups according to the substrate SoD and artificially-created CAD (pH cycling for 14 days) and the adhesive system (GLUMA Bond5, a two-step etch & rinse adhesive, GLUMA Bond, a one-step self-etch adhesive, and Tokuyama Universal Bond, a one-step self-etch adhesive) (n=12). Bonded dentin resin discs were put through micro-shear bond strength testing after 10,000 thermocycles. The results were evaluated using two-way ANOVA and the Bonferroni test with a significance level of α = 0.05. RESULTS: When compared to SoD, the etch & rinse system's test results on artificially created CAD showed a statistically significant poorer bonding performance in both permanent and primary teeth in all groups (p<0.05). While the bond strengths of permanent teeth using total-etch adhesive on sound dentin were statistically significantly higher than those using Tokuyama Universal Bond adhesive (p<0.05), there was no significant difference in sound dentin in primary teeth (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The etch & rinse system performed the poorest of all adhesive systems on CAD. The Tokuyama Universal Bond's adhesive strength was similar in SoD and CAD on primary teeth. The use of Tokuyama Universal Adhesives can speed up restorative treatment in pediatric dentistry.
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