American Journal Of Translational Research[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Three-dimensional finite element analysis of bracketless clear aligner expansion with different buccal bone plate thicknesses.
Yu T, Yang Y, Liu Y … +7 more , Wu J, Sun Y, Ouyang Y, Zhang Y, Yu J, Wang L, Li X
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42325803 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: The thickness of the buccal cortical plate of maxillary posterior teeth limits the safe range of transverse expansion with bracketless clear aligners. METHODS: This retrospective study analyzed cone-beam CT d...
OBJECTIVES: The thickness of the buccal cortical plate of maxillary posterior teeth limits the safe range of transverse expansion with bracketless clear aligners. METHODS: This retrospective study analyzed cone-beam CT data from 100 adults with normal occlusion. Buccal bone plate thickness was measured at four sites (F1-F4: 3, 6, 8 mm apical to cemento-enamel junction and root apex) for maxillary first/second premolars (PM1, PM2) and first/second molars (M1, M2). Based on PM1 thickness at F1 (mean ± SD), three maxillary models with thin (0.42 mm), medium (0.72 mm), and thick (1.02 mm) buccal plates were reconstructed. For each, aligner-dentition-periodontal ligament-bone systems with four buccal root torque angles (0°, 0.5°, 1.0°, 1.5°) were built, yielding 12 finite element models. Periodontal ligament (PDL) stress, tooth displacement, and root control (R/C ratio) of PM1 were analyzed. RESULTS: PM1 exhibited the thinnest buccal plate at F1 (0.72±0.30 mm), significantly thinner than other posterior sites (P<0.001). Thinner plates showed greater crown tipping and higher cervical PDL stress at low torque. Increasing torque to 1.0° promoted bodily movement, reduced peak PDL stress (57.1% reduction in thin-plate model from 0° to 1.0°), and improved root control. Torque of 1.5° showed similar effects. CONCLUSIONS: The maxillary first premolar region is highest-risk for buccal dehiscence during clear aligner expansion. Individualizing buccal root torque (≈1.0°-1.5°) based on bone thickness enhances bodily movement, reduces PDL stress, and may improve safety in thin-bone patients.
Expression of serum inflammatory markers in colorectal cancer and their relationship with clinical pathological characteristics.
Jian X, Wen K
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42325802 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: This retrospective study primarily aimed to measure serum inflammatory markers in colorectal cancer and examine their relationship with clinical pathological characteristics. METHODS: A total of 147 CRC patien...
OBJECTIVE: This retrospective study primarily aimed to measure serum inflammatory markers in colorectal cancer and examine their relationship with clinical pathological characteristics. METHODS: A total of 147 CRC patients (assigned to the training group (103 cases) or the validation group (44 cases) at a 7:3 ratio) and 100 control participants were enrolled. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in serum were compared between the training and control groups. The diagnostic value of these markers for CRC and their relationship with the clinical pathological characteristics of CRC patients were evaluated. The correlations among inflammatory markers and their correlations with tumor markers were analyzed. Finally, the clinical data of the training and validation groups were compared, and the diagnostic value of each inflammatory marker was verified in the validation group. RESULTS: Inflammatory markers were notably elevated in the CRC group and showed significant correlations with Tumor-Node-Metastasis (TNM) staging, lymph node metastasis (LNM), and tumor diameter. Additionally, all these three markers showed positive correlations with each other and with tumor markers. Each inflammatory marker demonstrated certain diagnostic efficacy for clinical pathological characteristics. Specifically, IL-6 exhibited outstanding efficacy for LNM (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.798), and CRP performed best in differentiating tumor diameter (AUC = 0.730). Moreover, the AUC values in the validation group were comparable to those in the training group. RESULTS: IL-6, TNF-α, and CRP may serve as potential tools to assist in the assessment of disease progression and metastatic potential in colorectal cancer.
Optimal surgical timing following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in patients with rectal cancer: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
Tao Z, Jiang Y, Gui Q … +1 more , Ma J
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42325801 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: To determine the optimal surgical interval between neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) and total mesorectal excision (TME) for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer through a network meta-analysis (NMA...
OBJECTIVE: To determine the optimal surgical interval between neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) and total mesorectal excision (TME) for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer through a network meta-analysis (NMA). Additionally, a continuous dose-response meta-regression analysis was conducted to explore potential non-linear associations. METHODS: Electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, were systematically searched from inception to July 18, 2024. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 (ROB 2.0) tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). The NMA was performed under a Bayesian framework, and surgical intervals ranging from <4 weeks to 28 weeks were ranked using the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA). The primary endpoint was pathological complete response (pCR), while secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), recurrence rate, and sphincter preservation rate (SPR). RESULTS: A total of 12 studies (3 randomized controlled trials and 9 cohort studies) involving 31,783 patients were included. SUCRA rankings indicated that an interval of 8-12 weeks was most effective for achieving pCR, prolonging DFS, and reducing recurrence rate. Conversely, a 6-8 week interval was most favorable for improving OS and SPR. Both very short (<4 weeks) and very long (>24 weeks) intervals ranked lower across most clinical outcomes. Dose-response analysis revealed a significant inverted U-shaped association for pCR, mathematically peaking at approximately 12.7 weeks, whereas DFS showed a peak at around 5.9 weeks. CONCLUSION: Current evidence suggests that an interval of 8-12 week is most strongly associated with improved pCR and prolonged DFS, whereas a 6-8 week interval shows the highest probability of improving OS and SPR. Clinical decision-making should balance oncologic and functional outcomes based on individualized assessments.
Modular FRET sensor for site-specific detection of protein arginine methylation in living cells.
Sun X
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42325800 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate a modular fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) biosensor for site-specific real-time detection of protein arginine methylation and to explore its translational relevance using a synthetic...
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate a modular fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) biosensor for site-specific real-time detection of protein arginine methylation and to explore its translational relevance using a synthetic oncology cohort. METHODS: A synthetic cohort of 200 patients with breast, colorectal, and lung cancer was generated to reflect real-world demographics and clinical distribution. A modular FRET biosensor (composed of donor-receptor fluorophores linked by a methylarginine recognition domain) was used to quantify the methylation index of different tumor subgroups. RESULTS: The FRET biosensor demonstrated superior diagnostic accuracy in identifying tumors with high methylation burden. The definition of high methylation burden was based on a clinically informed threshold (≥0.65) optimized using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and was supported by survival relevance. Patients with elevated FRET-derived methylation indices showed significantly shorter progression-free survival (8.9 months vs. 14.6 months; hazard ratio (HR) 1.92, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.41-2.63, P<0.001) and overall survival (OS) (21.4 months vs. 36.2 months; HR 2.11, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.55-2.87, P<0.001). In the hypermethylation subgroup, the addition of a protein arginine methyltransferase inhibitor was associated with a higher objective response rate (38% vs. 21%, P=0.008), but showed no significant trend towards improved survival. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the potential translational application value of modular FRET biosensors in the dynamic monitoring of protein arginine methylation. Although the study was based on a synthetic cohort, the results highlight the potential of FRET-based methylation sensing technology as a research and biomarker development tool, and warrant validation in future real-world clinical settings.
The impact of nutritional risk and sarcopenia on postoperative complications and survival outcomes in elderly patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery: a retrospective cohort study.
Yuan C, Mao Y, Chen H
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42325799 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: To investigate individual and combined effects of preoperative nutritional risk and sarcopenia on postoperative complications and survival in elderly colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. METHODS: Data from 260 el...
OBJECTIVE: To investigate individual and combined effects of preoperative nutritional risk and sarcopenia on postoperative complications and survival in elderly colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. METHODS: Data from 260 elderly patients (>60 years) undergoing radical CRC surgery (2022-2024) were retrospectively analyzed. Nutritional risk was assessed by NRS-2002 (score ≥3). Sarcopenia was diagnosed by AWGS 2019 criteria (handgrip strength + CT muscle index). Patients were grouped into No-risk, Nutritional risk only, Sarcopenia only, and Combined. OUTCOMES: Overall (Clavien-Dindo ≥II) and severe (≥IIIa) complications, and overall survival. Multivariate Cox regression was used. RESULTS: Mean age 68.08±5.32 years. Nutritional risk prevalence 44.6% (116/260), sarcopenia 28.5% (74/260), coexistence 16.2% (42/260). The Combined group had highest overall complication rate (64.3% vs. 15.2% in No-risk, P<0.001) and severe complication rate (23.8% vs. 7.1%, P = 0.007). Median follow-up 18 months; Combined group lowest 18-month survival (69.0% vs. 96.4%, P<0.001). Multivariate Cox regression (adjusting for age, sex, BMI) showed Nutritional risk only (HR = 3.954, 95% CI: 1.369-11.420, P = 0.011) and Sarcopenia only (HR = 4.095, 95% CI: 1.181-14.195, P = 0.026) were poor prognostic indicators. Coexistence was the strongest predictor (HR = 10.173, 95% CI: 3.699-27.977, P<0.001). CONCLUSION: Preoperative coexistence of nutritional risk and sarcopenia significantly increases complications and reduces survival in elderly CRC patients, with risks far exceeding single factors. Routine dual assessment and intensive prehabilitation should be implemented.
Imaging and clinicopathological features of a high-risk gastric stromal tumor: a case report.
Huang X, Liu X
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42325798 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: To report upon the imaging and clinicopathological characteristics of a high-risk gastric stromal tumor (GST). METHODS: A patient diagnosed with a GST at Shanghai Xuhui District Dahua Hospital and Shanghai Eig...
OBJECTIVE: To report upon the imaging and clinicopathological characteristics of a high-risk gastric stromal tumor (GST). METHODS: A patient diagnosed with a GST at Shanghai Xuhui District Dahua Hospital and Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital in November 2021 was retrospectively analyzed. Clinical data, pathological features, immunohistochemical markers, c-kit/PDGFRA gene mutation status, and CT/MRI findings were collected. RESULTS: A 70-year-old male with a long history of smoking and alcohol use was diagnosed with a GST during a routine physical examination. The tumor exhibited high-risk features: a diameter of 7 cm, a mitotic count of 8/50 high-power fields, and location involving the submucosa and muscular layer. Immunohistochemistry revealed strong positivity for CD117 and CD34, positivity for DOG1, and a Ki-67 index <10%. Gene mutation analysis identified a heterozygous mutation in exon 11 of the c-kit gene (c.1676T>A p.Val559Asp), with no mutations detected in PDGFRA. Histologically, the tumor showed marked atypia with solid and cord-like growth patterns and conspicuous mitotic figures. Imaging demonstrated heterogeneous enhancement, ill-defined borders, irregular gastric wall thickening, calcification, and cystic/hemorrhagic changes. Notably, the patient remained recurrence- and metastasis-free for 4 years following surgical resection and adjuvant imatinib therapy. CONCLUSION: This case highlights the integration of pathological features, c-kit exon 11 mutation status, and imaging findings in the diagnosis and management of high-risk GSTs. The 4-year recurrence-free survival confirms the effectiveness of risk-stratified adjuvant therapy with imatinib.
Kangfuxin liquid enema plus adalimumab for ulcerative colitis: a retrospective cohort study.
Zhao M, Yu T
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42325797 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease requiring effective treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Kangfuxin liquid enema combined with adalimumab compared...
OBJECTIVES: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease requiring effective treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Kangfuxin liquid enema combined with adalimumab compared to adalimumab monotherapy in patients with UC. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 240 UC patients treated between June 2022 and January 2024. Patients were divided into a combination therapy group (CT, adalimumab + Kangfuxin enema, n = 123) and a monotherapy group (MT, adalimumab alone, n = 117). We assessed clinical efficacy, adverse reactions, quality of life, serum inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1 beta [IL-1β], interleukin-8 [IL-8], tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-α]), endoscopic scores (Mayo, Baron), histologic score (Geboes), oxidative stress indicators (superoxide dismutase [SOD], malondialdehyde [MDA]), and intestinal barrier indicators (diamine oxidase [DAO], D-lactate) before and after 8 weeks of treatment. RESULTS: Overall response rate observed in the CT cohort (88.62%) significantly exceeded that of the MT cohort (73.50%, P = 0.003). Mucosal healing rates were 56.10% vs. 32.48% (P < 0.001). Endoscopic remission rates were 65.04% vs. 47.01% (P = 0.005). Post-treatment inflammatory factor levels were decreased in the CT group (all P < 0.001). Oxidative stress and intestinal barrier markers also improved more in the CT group (all P < 0.001). Moreover, patient-reported quality of life (assessed by IBDQ-32) improved significantly more in the CT group (P < 0.001). Adverse reaction incidence (8.94% vs. 23.94%, P = 0.002) was decreased in the CT group. CONCLUSION: Combining Kangfuxin liquid enema and adalimumab was more effective and safer than adalimumab alone in the treatment of ulcerative colitis.
Non-invasive neuromodulation techniques for cognitive impairment intervention.
Wang C, Song B, Wang G … +8 more , Yan X, Wu X, Zhou S, Hu P, Wang K, Ji G, Wang Z, Xu S
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42325796 · Full text
Cognitive impairment involves sustained deficits across several key domains: memory, executive function, attention, and behavioral regulation. The condition encompasses cognitive dysfunction linked to Alzheimer's disease...
Cognitive impairment involves sustained deficits across several key domains: memory, executive function, attention, and behavioral regulation. The condition encompasses cognitive dysfunction linked to Alzheimer's disease, mild cognitive impairment, vascular cognitive impairment, and other forms of neurodegeneration. Existing pharmacotherapies frequently yield inconsistent clinical benefits, are often accompanied by side effects, and generally lack disease-modifying properties. These limitations have spurred increasing attention toward safe, repeatable non-pharmacological strategies. Non-invasive brain stimulation, a central non-pharmacological tool, can regulate excitability in targeted brain regions, shape network-level connectivity, and facilitate activity-dependent neuroplasticity. Evidence from multiple clinical settings supports its potential to improve cognitive outcomes. This review centers on major NIBS techniques: repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial electrical stimulation, gamma-frequency sensory stimulation, photobiomodulation, and transcranial ultrasound stimulation. We synthesize their underlying mechanisms, clinical applications, and supporting evidence, aiming to provide an evidence-based framework to guide standardized clinical implementation and future research design in this area.
Machine learning integration of bulk and single-cell RNA-Seq data reveals COPS2 as a central immune regulator in deep vein thrombosis.
Chen Y, Wu J, Peng J … +4 more , Bai Y, Liu W, Liu H, Zhang Z
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42325795 · Full text
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a life-threatening condition in which dysregulated immune-endothelial interactions drive thrombus formation, yet upstream molecular regulators remain poorly understood. Employing an integrat...
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a life-threatening condition in which dysregulated immune-endothelial interactions drive thrombus formation, yet upstream molecular regulators remain poorly understood. Employing an integrative multi-omic strategy - combining proteome-wide Mendelian randomization, immune cell mediation analysis, bulk and single-cell transcriptomics, and machine learning - we identified 132 plasma proteins with genetically inferred causal effects on DVT. Among these, COP9 signalosome subunit 2 (COPS2) emerged as the most consistent candidate, with approximately 20% of its effect mediated through effector memory cluster of differentiation 8-positive (CD8) T cells. Transcriptomic profiling localized COPS2 expression to CD8 T cells and endothelial cells, and functional validation in endothelial cells demonstrated that COPS2 directly upregulates tissue factor (TF), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX), enhances procoagulant activity, and activates the Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) signaling pathway. Machine learning models consistently identified COPS2 as a robust diagnostic feature across independent cohorts. , Cops2 deficiency reduced thrombus burden, attenuated activation of effector memory CD8 T cells, and decreased intrathrombotic levels of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and granzyme B (GZMB). These findings establish COPS2 as a key regulator of immune-endothelial crosstalk in DVT and highlight its potential as a biomarker and therapeutic target.
Polycaprolactone versus calcium hydroxylapatite injectable treatments in the T-zone for facial rejuvenation: a clinical comparative study.
Gao C, Wang X
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42325794 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: This analysis, being a retrospective study, set out to compare the effect of polycaprolactone (PCL) versus calcium hydroxylapatite (CaHA) in injectable T-zone rejuvenation. METHODS: A total of 147 patients rec...
OBJECTIVE: This analysis, being a retrospective study, set out to compare the effect of polycaprolactone (PCL) versus calcium hydroxylapatite (CaHA) in injectable T-zone rejuvenation. METHODS: A total of 147 patients receiving facial T-zone rejuvenation with injectables at our center constituted the research cohort. Inter-group assessments (PCL group with 72 cases vs. CaHA group with 75 cases) were conducted from the dimensions of curative efficacy, dynamic nasion displacement, physician-assessed tactile perception of hardness score, nasofrontal angle, effect maintenance duration, treatment interval, facial skin laxity status, facial aesthetic score, serum growth factors, and patient satisfaction. RESULTS: As compared to the PCL group, the CaHA group (1) showed an evidently higher excellent-and-good rate and superior patient satisfaction; (2) demonstrated lower dynamic nasion displacement, nasofrontal angle, and facial skin laxity-associated indices (except the interzygomatic distance) post-operation; (3) exhibited statistically higher post-treatment physician-assessed tactile perception of hardness scores, nasofrontal angle target achievement rate, longer effect maintenance duration, better maintenance of the radix height and chin projection at 12 months, extended treatment intervals, as well as higher aesthetic scores and VEGF and bFGF levels. No significant inter-group difference in the total adverse reactions was identified. CONCLUSION: CaHA is clinically advantageous over PCL in injectable T-zone rejuvenation.
Efficacy and safety analysis of double plasma molecular adsorption system plus plasma exchange for treating acute-on-chronic liver failure.
Cheng Y, Ren Y, Li J … +6 more , Wang X, Liu Y, Li H, Hu Y, Liu J, Zhao M
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42325793 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the double plasma molecular adsorption system (DPMAS) plus plasma exchange (PE) in treating acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). METHODS:...
OBJECTIVE: This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the double plasma molecular adsorption system (DPMAS) plus plasma exchange (PE) in treating acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). METHODS: A total of 200 ACLF patients were enrolled and divided into two groups: the control group received PE therapy alone, while the observation group received DPMAS in addition to PE. Clinical data were collected from both groups, including treatment efficacy, safety, clinical indicators, symptom improvement, liver function, coagulation function, electrolytes, nutritional status, inflammatory markers, and short-term prognosis (assessed by the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score), and 12-week survival rate. RESULTS: Compared to the control group, the observation group showed notably higher total effective rates and greater symptom improvement at 4 weeks post-treatment. The fluctuation range of all coagulation indices after treatment was smaller in the observation group relative to the control group. Moreover, after treatment, the observation group showed a smaller number of PE treatments, less plasma volume used, and shorter length of hospital stay compared to the control group, as well as lower liver function indicator levels and MELD scores. CONCLUSION: DPMAS combined with PE therapy demonstrates definite efficacy in ACLF treatment without increasing side effects.
Comparison of ThinPrep cytology and high-risk human papillomavirus testing with different triage protocols for cervical cancer screening.
Bai Y, Liang Y
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42325792 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare the diagnostic performance of four cervical cancer screening triage strategies based on the ThinPrep cytologic test (TCT) and high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) testing, using hist...
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare the diagnostic performance of four cervical cancer screening triage strategies based on the ThinPrep cytologic test (TCT) and high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) testing, using histologically-confirmed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse (CIN2+) as the reference standard. METHODS: This retrospective analysis included 1,582 consecutive women who underwent concurrent TCT and HR-HPV testing, followed by colposcopy and histopathologic evaluation, between January 2020 and December 2024. Four screening triage strategies were compared: Strategy A (co-testing, either positive), Strategy B (co-testing, both positive), Strategy C (HPV primary with TCT triage), and Strategy D (TCT primary with HPV triage). Using histologically confirmed CIN2+ as the gold standard, we calculated sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, colposcopy referral rate, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). RESULTS: Among 42 confirmed CIN2+ cases, Strategy A achieved the highest colposcopy referral rate (20.10%) and sensitivity (97.62%), but had lower specificity (85.18%). Strategy B had the highest specificity (97.40%) and the lowest referral rate (2.34%), but substantially lower sensitivity (59.52%). Strategy C demonstrated balanced performance, with a sensitivity of 88.10%, specificity of 91.36%, and a referral rate of 9.42%; its AUC (0.897) was similar to that of Strategy A (0.914, P = 0.163). HPV16/18 positivity was the strongest predictor of CIN2+ (OR = 12.39). CONCLUSION: HPV primary screening with TCT triage offers a clinically effective cervical cancer screening strategy, achieving a favorable balance between diagnostic accuracy and colposcopy workload. HPV16/18 genotyping further enhances risk stratification.
A preliminary study on quantitative assessment of apical lesion area.
Sui H, He Z, Li B … +2 more , Feng Y, Chen H
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42325791 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: To establish a quantitative method for calculating the area of apical lesions, thereby enabling a more precise assessment of the extent of apical lesions. METHODS: Three observers annotated periapical radiogra...
OBJECTIVE: To establish a quantitative method for calculating the area of apical lesions, thereby enabling a more precise assessment of the extent of apical lesions. METHODS: Three observers annotated periapical radiographs using a proprietary web-based annotation platform. Root outlines and lesion boundaries were delineated to obtain both the absolute lesion area (S) and the relative lesion area (S), calculated as the ratio of lesion area to root area. Observers also evaluated periapical status using the Periapical Index (PAI). All measurements were repeated after one month. Intra- and inter-observer reliability for PAI scores were assessed using Cohen's kappa and Fleiss' kappa, respectively, while reliability for S and S measurements was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Agreement between repeated measurements was visualized using Bland-Altman plots. RESULTS: Annotations were completed on 126 radiographs containing 490 tooth roots. PAI scores demonstrated moderate intra-observer (Cohen's kappa range: 0.45-0.58) and inter-observer (Fleiss' kappa: 0.41) reliability. In contrast, ICC values for both S and S indicated good to excellent reliability (range: 0.72-0.89). Intra-observer ICCs for S (range: 0.85-0.89) were consistently higher than those for S (range: 0.72-0.81). Bland-Altman analysis revealed that over 95% of the measurement differences fell within the limits of agreement for all observers. CONCLUSIONS: This study established a relatively quantitative method for assessing apical lesions. S demonstrated the highest consistency, followed by S, while PAI showed only moderate reliability. These findings support the potential of quantitative metrics as objective alternatives to traditional subjective scoring systems.
Effect of alprostadil combined with sulodexide on elderly chronic kidney disease patients and the independent risk factors affecting curative results.
Yu Z, Li H, Zhao W … +2 more , Hou L, Zan S
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42325790 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global public health concern with high prevalence in the elderly. The study was designed to investigate curative efficacy of alprostadil in conjunction with sulodexide on eld...
OBJECTIVES: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global public health concern with high prevalence in the elderly. The study was designed to investigate curative efficacy of alprostadil in conjunction with sulodexide on elderly CKD patients and identify risk factors affecting treatment outcomes. METHODS: This retrospective study enrolled 257 elderly CKD patients treated in our hospital from September 2020 to September 2024. Patients were divided into the alprostadil group (n = 122) and the alprostadil + sulodexide group (n = 135) based on treatment regimen. Serum creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR), and 24-hour urinary protein (24 h-UTP) were measured before and after 4 weeks of treatment. Therapeutic efficacy and adverse events were evaluated. RESULTS: After treatment, the combination group showed significantly lower Scr (P = 0.001), higher eGFR (P = 0.007), and reduced UACR (P < 0.001) and 24 h-UTP (P < 0.001) compared to the alprostadil group. The total effective rate was significantly higher in the combination group (P = 0.009). Multivariate analysis identified age, diabetes, baseline Scr, and baseline UACR as independent risk factors for poor efficacy, while combination therapy was a protective factor. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that Scr [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.712] and UACR (AUC = 0.722) had moderate predictive value for treatment efficacy. CONCLUSION: Alprostadil combined with sulodexide significantly improves renal function and clinical efficacy in elderly patients with CKD, and baseline Scr and UACR serve as useful predictors of treatment response.
Salvianolic acid B protects cardiac function via β3-AR/miRNA-1 axis-mediated cardiomyocyte proliferation in myocardial infarction rats.
Li B, Zeng F, Ge H … +1 more , Zhao Q
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42325789 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether Salvianolic Acid B (SAB) promotes cardiomyocyte proliferation by activating the β3-adrenergic receptor (β3-AR)/microRNA-1 (miR-1) axis, thereby improving cardiac function following myoca...
OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether Salvianolic Acid B (SAB) promotes cardiomyocyte proliferation by activating the β3-adrenergic receptor (β3-AR)/microRNA-1 (miR-1) axis, thereby improving cardiac function following myocardial infarction. METHODS: A rat model of myocardial infarction was established using left anterior descending artery ligation. Rats were randomly divided into 7 groups: sham surgery group, MI group, MI + SAB group, MI + β3-AR agonist group, MI + SAB + β3-AR antagonist group, MI + SAB + miR-1 mimic group, and MI + negative control RNA group. Echocardiography was used to assess cardiac function; TTC, Masson's, and H&E staining were used to evaluate infarct, fibrosis, and necrosis areas; and Ki67 immunohistochemistry was used to detect cardiomyocyte proliferation. In vitro experiments utilized a hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) model in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, with interventions including SAB, β3-AR modulators, or miR-1 mimics/inhibitors. Cell proliferation was assessed using EdU staining, while molecular mechanisms were examined via qPCR, Western blot, and dual-luciferase reporter assays. RESULTS: SAB treatment significantly improved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and fractional shortening (LVFS) in MI rats, reduced infarct and fibrosis areas, and increased the proportion of Ki67-positive cardiomyocytes. Mechanistically, SAB upregulated β3-AR expression, downregulated miR-1 expression, and increased the protein levels of miR-1 target genes CDK4 and Cyclin D1. β3-AR antagonists or miR-1 mimic could block the aforementioned protective effects of SAB. In vitro experiments confirmed that SAB promoted EdU incorporation in H/R-injured cardiomyocytes, downregulated miR-1, and upregulated Cyclin D1; β3-AR antagonist or miR-1 mimic could eliminate these effects. Dual luciferase reporter assays confirmed that miR-1 directly targets the 3'UTR of CDK4. CONCLUSION: SAB improves cardiac function after myocardial infarction by activating the β3-AR/miR-1 axis, thereby lifting miR-1's inhibition of CDK4 and Cyclin D1 and promoting cardiomyocyte proliferation. This study reveals a novel mechanism underlying the cardioprotective effects of SAB and identifies the β3-AR/miR-1 axis as a potential therapeutic target for cardiac regeneration following myocardial infarction.
A comprehensive review of gastrointestinal cancers: epidemiology, risk factors, diagnosis, and therapeutic strategies.
Yang Z, Lin F, Shen H … +2 more , Jamil M, Wang X
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42325788 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: Gastrointestinal cancers, including gastric cancer, colorectal cancer (CRC), and liver cancer, represent a major global health burden. This review aims to provide an integrated overview of their epidemiology,...
OBJECTIVES: Gastrointestinal cancers, including gastric cancer, colorectal cancer (CRC), and liver cancer, represent a major global health burden. This review aims to provide an integrated overview of their epidemiology, risk factors, molecular mechanisms, diagnostic approaches, and therapeutic strategies, while highlighting recent advances and ongoing challenges. METHODS: A comprehensive review of recent literature was conducted to synthesize current evidence on genetic alterations, environmental and lifestyle risk factors, infectious agents such as , hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV), as well as advances in screening, diagnosis, and treatment. RESULTS: Gastrointestinal cancers arise from complex interactions among genetic, environmental, and lifestyle-related factors. Recent progress in molecular profiling and biomarker discovery has improved understanding of tumor biology and enabled targeted and immune-based therapies. However, clinical benefits remain variable due to tumor heterogeneity, therapeutic resistance, and limitations in biomarker reliability. CONCLUSIONS: Despite significant advances, gastrointestinal cancers remain challenging to manage due to late diagnosis and inconsistent treatment responses. Future efforts should focus on improving early detection, developing robust biomarkers, and implementing integrated, precision-based therapeutic strategies.
Perioperative antiplatelet management in CAD patients undergoing spinal fusion: balancing cardiovascular safety and bleeding risk.
Liu Z, Zhou J, Yan P … +2 more , Chen D, Xu J
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42325787 · Full text
BACKGROUND: For patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) who require long-term antiplatelet therapy, controversy remains regarding perioperative drug management strategies during spinal fusion surgery, with balancing...
BACKGROUND: For patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) who require long-term antiplatelet therapy, controversy remains regarding perioperative drug management strategies during spinal fusion surgery, with balancing thrombotic and bleeding risks being key to clinical decision-making. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to retrospectively compare the impact of four perioperative antiplatelet drug management strategies (continuing medication, discontinuing medication 5 days before surgery, discontinuing medication 7 days before surgery, and bridging therapy) on cardiovascular safety and bleeding risk in CAD patients undergoing spinal fusion surgery. METHODS: This is a single-center retrospective cohort study. It includes 325 patients with CAD who underwent elective spinal fusion surgery between January 2018 and December 2023. Patients were divided into four groups based on their perioperative antiplatelet management strategy. The primary outcome was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) within 30 days post-surgery, while secondary outcomes included bleeding events, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage volume, and transfusion requirements. RESULTS: Baseline characteristics were generally balanced across the four groups. The group continuing medication had the highest incidence of bleeding events (31.9%), whereas the group discontinuing medication 7 days preoperatively had the lowest (6.7%), with significant differences observed (P<0.001). Regarding cardiovascular events, the incidence was relatively lower in the group continuing medication, with higher risk in the discontinuation groups (especially the 5-day discontinuation group); multivariate regression showed that discontinuing medication for 5 days was an independent risk factor for MACE (OR=3.87, P=0.038). The bridging therapy group exhibited intermediate levels of both bleeding and cardiovascular risk. Intraoperative blood loss and postoperative transfusion rates were also significantly higher in the continuing medication group. CONCLUSIONS: In spinal fusion surgeries among CAD patients, continuing antiplatelet medication provides better cardiovascular protection but significantly increases bleeding risk; discontinuing medication preoperatively can effectively reduce bleeding complications but may increase the risk of cardiovascular events; while bridging therapy achieves a relative balance between the two. Clinical decisions should be individualized, comprehensively assessing the patient's thrombotic and bleeding risks.
Analysis of the effectiveness of the myocardial work index in the assessment of cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction.
Ran H, Miao Y, Zhang Y … +2 more , Deng H, Li F
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42325786 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the correlation between myocardial global work index (GWI) and cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD) during chemotherapy for patients with thoracic tumors. METHODS: A retrospective...
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the correlation between myocardial global work index (GWI) and cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD) during chemotherapy for patients with thoracic tumors. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 87 patients with thoracic tumors who underwent chemotherapy at The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University from April 2022 to June 2023. Among them, 37 patients who developed CTRCD during chemotherapy were assigned to the research group, and the remaining 50 patients without CTRCD were assigned to the control group. Myocardial GWI was compared between the two groups at three time points: before chemotherapy (T0), during chemotherapy cycle 3 (T1), and upon completion of chemotherapy (T2). The predictive value of myocardial GWI at T0 and T1 for CTRCD was analyzed. Patients were followed up for prognosis, and the relationship between myocardial GWI at T2 and the recovery from CTRCD was evaluated. Additionally, the correlation between myocardial GWI and Creatine Kinase-MB (CK-MB) and cardiac troponin T (cTnT) at T0-T2 was analyzed. RESULTS: The myocardial GWI in the research group was lower than that in the control group at T0-T2 ( < 0.05). Myocardial GWI at T0 and T1 showed excellent predictive accuracy for the occurrence of CTRCD. In addition, patients in the research group who recovered from CTRCD had a higher myocardial GWI at T2 compared to those who did not ( < 0.05). The myocardial GWI was negatively correlated with CK-MB and cTnT at T0-T2 ( < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Myocardial GWI is a reliable predictor for the occurrence of CTRCD during chemotherapy in patients with thoracic tumors, providing valuable clinical insights.
Prediction of hospital length of stay in decompensated cirrhosis using hematologic and inflammatory indices.
Qiao L, Zhang Y, Xiao L … +5 more , Ma S, Li M, Luo Y, Xu X, Zhao L
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42325785 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: To identify predictors of prolonged hospital length of stay (LOS) in decompensated cirrhosis (DC) patients and to develop a prediction model based on hematologic and inflammatory indices. METHODS: We retrospec...
OBJECTIVE: To identify predictors of prolonged hospital length of stay (LOS) in decompensated cirrhosis (DC) patients and to develop a prediction model based on hematologic and inflammatory indices. METHODS: We retrospectively studied 338 hospitalized patients with DC. Admission blood indices reflecting hematologic status (hemoglobin, hematocrit, red blood cell (RBC) count, platelets, mean corpuscular volume, red cell distribution width [RDW]) and inflammation (monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio [MLR], neutrophil-monocyte-lymphocyte ratio [NMLR], systemic inflammation response index [SIRI]) were compared between patients with LOS ≥ 7 days vs < 7 days. Multivariable logistic regression and machine learning were used to identify independent predictors of LOS ≥ 7 days, with model performance assessed by area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) on a held-out test set. RESULTS: Of 338 patients (median age 58 years, 33% female), 52% had LOS ≥ 7 days. Prolonged LOS was associated with more severe cytopenias (lower hemoglobin, hematocrit, RBC count, platelets) and heightened inflammation (higher RDW and inflammatory ratios; all P < 0.05). Nonlinear thresholds were observed. An admission RBC count < 5.2 × 10/L and hemoglobin > 117 g/L were linked to reduced risk of prolonged stay. A predictive model using these 11 markers achieved moderate discrimination (test AUC 0.72; sensitivity 72%, specificity 58%). CONCLUSIONS: Admission hematologic and inflammatory markers are independent predictors of prolonged LOS in DC. A machine learning model derived from routinely available low-cost tests provided moderate risk stratification for identifying patients at increased risk and supporting early clinical management.
TRIM62 promotes osteoarthritis progression by facilitating GPX4 ubiquitination and chondrocyte ferroptosis.
Chen X, Zhang Y
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42325784 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: This study investigates the role of Tripartite motif containing 62 (TRIM62) in osteoarthritis (OA) progression, focusing on its regulation of Glutathione Peroxidase 4 (GPX4) ubiquitination and chondrocyte fer...
OBJECTIVES: This study investigates the role of Tripartite motif containing 62 (TRIM62) in osteoarthritis (OA) progression, focusing on its regulation of Glutathione Peroxidase 4 (GPX4) ubiquitination and chondrocyte ferroptosis. METHODS: An OA rat model was established via anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) and then primary chondrocytes were stimulated with interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in vitro. TRIM62 expression was manipulated using short hairpin RNA (shRNA) or overexpression plasmids. Ferroptosis was assessed by measuring GPX4, solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11), glutathione (GSH), reactive oxygen species (ROS), ferrous iron (Fe), and mitochondrial membrane potential. Protein interactions were evaluated by co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP). RESULTS: RIM62 expression was significantly increased in osteoarthritic cartilage and in chondrocytes treated with IL-1β. TRIM62 knockdown restored GPX4 and collagen type II (COL II) expression, reduced disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5 (ADAMTS5) levels, suppressed ferroptosis, and alleviated cartilage damage . Conversely, TRIM62 overexpression exacerbated chondrocyte injury and ferroptosis, effects specifically reversed by ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1). Mechanistically, TRIM62 directly interacted with GPX4 and promoted its proteasomal degradation. CONCLUSIONS: TRIM62 facilitates OA progression by inducing GPX4 ubiquitination and degradation, thereby promoting chondrocyte ferroptosis. The TRIM62-GPX4-ferroptosis axis represents a promising therapeutic target for OA.
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