American Journal Of Translational Research[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Remimazolam impairs bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell function and attenuates the tumor-promoting ability.
Yu Y, Liu T, Gu Z … +2 more , Wu J, Zhu W
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42007130 · Full text
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) possess the potential for multidirectional differentiation and are involved in tissue regeneration, repair, and tumor progression. Remimazolam is a novel ultra-short-acting int...
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) possess the potential for multidirectional differentiation and are involved in tissue regeneration, repair, and tumor progression. Remimazolam is a novel ultra-short-acting intravenous benzodiazepine sedative used for general anesthesia and procedural sedation. Propofol is a commonly applied intravenous anesthetic in clinical practice, featuring a rapid onset, short duration of action, and quick recovery. It has been reported that propofol exerts adverse effects on stem cell functions, yet few studies have compared the two agents for general anesthesia induction. Therefore, we aimed not only to evaluate the inhibitory effects of remimazolam and propofol on BMMSC biological functions but also to compare their relative impacts on BMMSC proliferation, migration, stemness, and subsequent tumor-promoting capacity in vitro. CCK-8 cell viability and colony formation assays were performed to detect BMMSC proliferation. Adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation assays were used to assess the multidirectional differentiation potential of BMMSCs. Additionally, network pharmacology analysis was employed to explore the common target genes of remimazolam and propofol and their associated signaling pathways. The effects of conditioned medium from BMMSCs treated with remimazolam or propofol on gastric cancer cell lines were investigated using transwell assays, flow cytometry, and western blot. The results showed that remimazolam inhibited the proliferation and migration of BMMSCs, suppressed osteogenic differentiation, promoted adipogenic differentiation, and reduced the stemness of BMMSCs. Compared with propofol treatment, remimazolam exerted a less pronounced inhibitory effects on these biological processes of BMMSCs. Network pharmacology analysis revealed that remimazolam modulates the paracrine level of the cytokine IL-8 mainly through the PI3K/AKT pathway. Furthermore, remimazolam further attenuated the tumor-promoting effect of BMMSCs on gastric cancer cells. In conclusion, remimazolam exerts stronger inhibitory effects on the stemness and paracrine function of BMMSCs than propofol, thereby reducing their tumor-promoting capacity to a greater extent. Our study focuses on remimazolam and provides experimental evidence for the rational clinical application of anesthetics.
Protective effect of taurine on skin aging caused by deficiency of B cell-specific Moloney MLV insertion site-1.
Li J, Huang M, Chen L … +2 more , Liu Y, Huang J
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42007129 · Full text
Bmi-1 deficiency leads to elevated oxidative damage and premature aging, making it a suitable model for studying the mechanisms of intrinsic skin aging. Taurine is abundant in the skin and has been shown to have various...
Bmi-1 deficiency leads to elevated oxidative damage and premature aging, making it a suitable model for studying the mechanisms of intrinsic skin aging. Taurine is abundant in the skin and has been shown to have various health benefits. However, it is unclear whether taurine can inhibit intrinsic aging by protecting skin from oxidative damage and suppressing cellular senescence. In the current study, Bmi-1 homozygous mice were fed with or without taurine. We constructed siRNA plasmids specifically targeting Bmi-1 and transfected them into human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). HDFs were then treated with or without taurine. The changes in dermal morphology of mice, HDF function, proliferation, oxidative stress, DNA damage, and cell senescence were compared to observe whether taurine can inhibit skin aging caused by Bmi-1 deficiency. Results showed that, in Bmi-1 homozygous mice drinking normal water, the vertical thickness of skin, the positive area of collagen bundles, type I collagen and elastic fiber, the percentage of PCNA-positive cells, and SOD1 and SOD2 proteins levels were significantly reduced. ROS levels, the proportion of 8-OHdG positive cells, p53, Chk2, p-Chk2, γ-H2AX and MMP3 proteins levels, as well as the percentage of SA-β-gal, MMP1 and MMP3-positive areas were upregulated dramatically. However, taurine supplementation reversed these changes. , compared to the control group, dramatic increases of γ-H2AX-positive HDFs, p16 mRNA levels, and SA-β-gal-positive areas were observed in the si-Bmi-1 group, while taurine treatment significantly decreased these expression levels. These results demonstrated that taurine could prevent Bmi-1 deficiency-induced skin aging.
Plasma exchange-based artificial liver support system demonstrates short-term therapeutic efficacy in treating chronic severe hepatitis B.
Xu H, Ma J, Zhang X … +5 more , Liu Y, Li H, Hu Y, Zhao M, Liu J
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42007128 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: In this retrospective study, the short-term efficacy of the plasma exchange-based artificial liver support system (PE-ALSS) for chronic severe hepatitis B (CSHB) was explored. METHODS: We selected 111 CSHB pat...
OBJECTIVE: In this retrospective study, the short-term efficacy of the plasma exchange-based artificial liver support system (PE-ALSS) for chronic severe hepatitis B (CSHB) was explored. METHODS: We selected 111 CSHB patients and divided them into control (53 cases with conventional treatment) and research (58 cases with conventional treatment+PE-ALSS) groups based on the treatment they received. We then conducted inter-group comparisons regarding therapeutic effectiveness, complications, hepatic function indicators (alanine aminotransferase [ALT], aspartate aminotransferase [AST], total bilirubin [TBIL]), hepatic fibrosis markers (hyaluronic acid [HA], laminin [LN], type IV collagen [IV-C]), serum biochemical indices (interleukin [IL]-18, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 [ICAM-1]), coagulation function indices (prothrombin time [PT], thrombin time [TT], activated partial thromboplastin time [APTT]), and inflammatory factors (procalcitonin [PCT], IL-6). Finally, efficacy-associated determinants were identified by univariate and multivariate analysis. RESULTS: The research group had a superior total effective rate (94.83% vs. 69.81%, P < 0.001) and a lower complication rate (1.72% vs. 13.21%, P < 0.001) than the control group. Post-treatment, the research group exhibited statistically lower ALT (65.59±14.21 U/L vs. 89.47±17.44 U/L), AST (78.12±19.63 U/L vs. 94.91±22.27 U/L), TBIL (24.45±5.46 μmol/L vs. 45.77±7.43 μmol/L), HA (84.83±7.00 ng/mL vs. 100.47±10.41 ng/mL), LN (69.90±8.18 ng/mL vs. 80.81±8.71 ng/mL), IV-C (76.21±5.52 ng/mL vs. 85.21±7.97 ng/mL), IL-18 (343.34±108.3 pg/mL vs. 543.92±138.18 pg/mL), ICAM-1 (282.57±128.8 μg/L vs. 406.3±158.26 μg/L), PT (13.79±4.03 s vs. 15.68±3.15 s), TT (17.97±2.91 s vs. 20.11±2.23 s), APTT (35.79±11.08 s vs. 40.06±8.09 s), PCT (2.25±0.91 μg/L vs. 3.24±1.15 μg/L), and IL-6 (46.33±10.21 pg/mL vs. 50.75±11.11 pg/mL) than controls. Moreover, treatment modality (B = -1.865, odds ratio = 0.155, 95% confidence interval: 0.038-0.628) was an independent determinant of efficacy (P=0.009). CONCLUSION: PE-ALSS has significant short-term efficacy for CSHB patients.
Establishment and validation of a risk prediction model for malignant ventricular arrhythmia in acute myocardial infarction patients based on 24-hour dynamic electrocardiogram parameters.
Zheng J, Ge H, Chen L … +1 more , Yang P
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42007127 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To develop and validate a nomogram for predicting malignant ventricular arrhythmias (MVA) risk in acute myocardial infarction (AMI), utilizing parameters derived from 24-hour dynamic electrocardiogram (Holter...
OBJECTIVES: To develop and validate a nomogram for predicting malignant ventricular arrhythmias (MVA) risk in acute myocardial infarction (AMI), utilizing parameters derived from 24-hour dynamic electrocardiogram (Holter) monitoring. METHODS: We enrolled 279 AMI patients with MVA diagnosed via Holter monitoring. Key parameters from 24-hour Holter monitoring, such as heart rate variability (HRV) and QT interval variability (QTV), were extracted for subsequent analysis. These parameters were subsequently incorporated with clinical indicators to develop a risk prediction model. Electrocardiographic parameters and clinical indicators associated with MVA in the multivariable logistic regression analysis were used to construct a predictive nomogram for risk visualization. The nomogram model underwent internal and external validation for discrimination, calibration, and clinical utility. SHAP was used for model interpretation. RESULTS: Of the 279 AMI patients, 37 cases (13.3%) developed MVA. Multivariate analysis showed that SDNN, 24h-QTV, night-QTV, day-QTV, TnI and Killip classification were independent predictors. The AUC of the model was 0.95 (0.92-0.98). The nomogram demonstrated good calibration, with predicted probabilities aligning well with actual outcomes (Hosmer-Lemeshow test, =0.781). Clinical net benefit of the model was observed over a wide threshold probability range of 0.10 to 0.80 in the decision curve analysis. CONCLUSIONS: The nomogram based on 24-hour Holter parameters can effectively identify a risk of MVA in AMI patients during hospitalization and provide an objective basis for clinical decision-making.
Worse outcomes and distinct clinical features in infants with necrotizing enterocolitis and congenital heart disease.
Liao Y, Liang X, Guo Y … +6 more , Lu Y, Liu X, Li S, Tang S, Wang L, Li J
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42007126 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the clinical characteristics and outcomes in infants with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) with and without congenital heart disease (CHD) and to further evaluate the impact of isola...
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the clinical characteristics and outcomes in infants with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) with and without congenital heart disease (CHD) and to further evaluate the impact of isolated patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) on NEC severity. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study involving 165 infants diagnosed with NEC at our center from January 2015 to April 2025 was conducted. Patients were stratified into two groups: those with CHD (n=75) and those without CHD (n=90). Demographic, clinical, laboratory, and outcome data were collected. Intergroup comparisons were performed using nonparametric and chi-square tests. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed to identify factors associated with severe outcomes. RESULTS: Compared with infants without CHD, infants with CHD had significantly younger gestational ages (median [IQR]: 30.2 [28.5-32.1] vs. 32.5 [31.0-34.0] weeks, P<0.01) and birth weights (1250 [980-1500] vs. 1580 [1350-1820] grams, P<0.01), longer durations of respiratory support (15 [10-25] vs. 8 [5-12] days, P<0.01), longer hospital stays (45 [35-60] vs. 32 [25-40] days, P<0.01), and greater mortality (28.0% vs. 11.1%, P<0.01). Notably, the severity of NEC (Bell's stage II/III) did not differ significantly between infants with isolated PDA and those with other forms of CHD (65% vs. 68%, P=0.82). Multivariate analysis revealed lower serum albumin levels and thrombocytopenia at onset as potential early indicators for adverse outcomes in the CHD group. CONCLUSIONS: NEC in infants with CHD is associated with a more severe clinical course and poorer prognosis. Compared with other CHD types, the presence of isolated PDA does not confer an additional risk for more severe NEC.
Jiangfu Fuwei granules alleviate chronic atrophic gastritis by suppressing angiogenesis through the PI3K-AKT-HIF1α pathway.
Bi Y, Chen Y, Jiang J … +10 more , Mao W, Zhang X, Liu J, Zhao X, Dong Y, Cai Y, Li M, Li X, Luan Y, Jiang L
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42007125 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: Jiangfu Fuwei granules (JFFW) are a widely used clinical prescription for the treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG), but the underlying molecular mechanism remains to be explored. This study aimed to e...
OBJECTIVE: Jiangfu Fuwei granules (JFFW) are a widely used clinical prescription for the treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG), but the underlying molecular mechanism remains to be explored. This study aimed to elucidate the therapeutic mechanism of JFFW in alleviating CAG. METHODS: A CAG mouse model was established using a combined approach, and the mice were treated with JFFW for six weeks. Network pharmacology was used to screen for active ingredients and signaling pathways. Subsequently, experiments were conducted to verify the predicted mechanisms, including histologic evaluation, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and immunohistochemical analysis. Furthermore, molecular docking was used to simulate the interaction between key active compounds and core protein targets. RESULTS: experimental results demonstrated that JFFW effectively reversed gastric mucosal thinning and glandular loss in CAG mice. This treatment significantly restored serum pepsinogen levels and downregulated the expression of inflammatory cytokines, specifically interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α. Network pharmacology analysis identified 224 bioactive compounds and predicted the phosphoinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (AKT)-hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α (HIF1α) signaling pathway as a key target. Immunohistochemical results confirmed that JFFW treatment significantly inhibited the protein expression of phosphorylated AKT and HIF1α. Furthermore, reduced CD31 staining occurred consistent with a decrease in microvessel density. Molecular docking analysis further confirmed that the main components of JFFW had a good binding affinity to PI3K protein. CONCLUSION: The therapeutic effect of JFFW on CAG is mainly achieved by inhibiting the PI3K-AKT-HIF1α signaling pathway, thereby suppressing abnormal angiogenesis and gastric inflammation.
Retrospective analysis of traditional Chinese medicine external therapies for knee osteoarthritis: clinical outcomes for blood stasis syndrome.
Yang Q, Yang L, Zhu Y … +3 more , Jia X, Ren X, Zhang Y
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42007124 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common degenerative joint disease with limited treatment options. For patients with KOA characterized by blood stasis syndrome, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) therapies, incl...
OBJECTIVE: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common degenerative joint disease with limited treatment options. For patients with KOA characterized by blood stasis syndrome, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) therapies, including herbal application and meridian massage, may provide effective help. METHODS: This study retrospectively analyzed the data from 240 KOA patients with blood stasis syndrome (120 TCM patients and 120 control patients). The TCM group received a 2-week regimen of herbal application combined with meridian massage, in addition to conventional physical therapy. The control group received only conventional physical therapy, specifically therapeutic deep-heat irradiation (TDP lamp). The differences in Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain, SF-36 Quality of Life scale, objective knee range of motion (AROM), Work Limitations Questionnaire (WLQ-26), TCM Blood Stasis Syndrome Score, and inflammation biomarkers (IL-1β, TNF-α, hs-CRP) were compared between the two groups of patients, and the safety of the drug was evaluated. RESULTS: Compared to the conventional physical therapy group, the TCM group, which received herbal application combined with meridian massage, demonstrated greater improvements in WOMAC score and VAS pain (both P<0.05). Significant enhancements in quality of life of were observed in the TCM group (P<0.05), along with a marked reduction in serum inflammatory markers. In addition, the TCM group showed superior treatment compliance (P<0.05) and an excellent safety profile with no adverse events reported, compared to a 5% incidence in the control group. CONCLUSION: When added to conventional physical therapy, the combined external TCM treatment of herbal application and meridian massage can more effectively relieve pain, improve quality of life, and reduce inflammation in patients with KOA, demonstrating an excellent safety profile. However, the study design did not allow for the isolation of the independent effects of each TCM modality.
Evaluation of continuous axial stress on tibial fracture healing in canine models using custom external fixator.
Fan Y, Zhang X, Shen Z … +2 more , Han Z, Wei C
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42007123 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effects of physiologically relevant continuous axial stress on tibial fracture healing in canines using a custom external fixator. METHODS: A custom external fixator was developed to apply...
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effects of physiologically relevant continuous axial stress on tibial fracture healing in canines using a custom external fixator. METHODS: A custom external fixator was developed to apply quantifiable stress. First, maximum axial stress derived from muscle contraction was measured using a film sensor. Subsequently, canine tibial fracture models were established and assigned to non-stress, half-maximum stress, or maximum stress groups. Healing was evaluated via radiography, micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT), biomechanical testing, Western Blot, and Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). RESULTS: The maximum physiological axial stress was measured at 460 g. Compared with maximum stress and non-stress groups, the half-maximum stress group exhibited superior fracture healing, evidenced by increased callus formation and bone volume ratio (BV/TV) in X-ray and micro-CT analyses. Biomechanical testing demonstrated significantly higher ultimate strength in the half-maximum group. Molecular analyses further supported these observations, showing sustained upregulation of Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and Type I Collagen (COL-1) expression in the half-maximum group. CONCLUSIONS: Muscle contraction generates a maximum axial stress of approximately 460 g at canine tibial fracture sites. Continuous application of half the maximum axial stress significantly enhances fracture healing compared to both maximum stress and non-stress conditions.
Melatonin ameliorates TNFα-induced oral epithelial cell inflammation via Keap1-Nrf2 axis modulation.
Wang S, Wang W, Zhang R … +4 more , Liu Y, Wang Y, Bai Y, Bai Y
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42007122 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Oral mucosal inflammatory diseases comprise a diverse array of conditions that affect the delicate tissues lining the oral cavity, posing a multifaceted challenge in clinical practice. Further studies are nee...
BACKGROUND: Oral mucosal inflammatory diseases comprise a diverse array of conditions that affect the delicate tissues lining the oral cavity, posing a multifaceted challenge in clinical practice. Further studies are needed to elucidate the pathogenesis of these conditions. Melatonin has emerged as a promising antioxidant that scavenges free radicals and attenuates oxidative stress, a key contributor to inflammatory processes. METHODS: This study employed two oral epithelial cell lines, human oral epithelial cells (HOEC) and human oral keratinocytes (HOK), alongside a three-dimensional (3D) epithelial cell model, to investigate the effects of melatonin on oral epithelial inflammation. RESULTS: The findings revealed that TNFα significantly induced inflammation in oral epithelial cells, whereas melatonin inhibited TNFα-induced inflammation. Furthermore, melatonin's action in mitigating inflammation in oral epithelial cells was mediated via its receptor, MTNR1A. Mechanistically, melatonin suppressed inflammation in oral epithelial cells through the Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway. Additionally, melatonin attenuated TNFα-induced inflammation in the 3D oral epithelial cell model. CONCLUSION: These findings offer novel insights into the potential development of therapies for treating oral epithelial inflammation.
Clinical characteristics and factors associated with dentition defects in patients with diabetes mellitus and concomitant endodontic disease.
Deng X, Min M, Cai Y
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42007121 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: This study focused on patients with endodontic disease (ED) and diabetes mellitus (DM), and analyzed the predisposing factors of dental defects, so as to provide a new reference for the management of dental co...
OBJECTIVE: This study focused on patients with endodontic disease (ED) and diabetes mellitus (DM), and analyzed the predisposing factors of dental defects, so as to provide a new reference for the management of dental complications in DM-related oral patients. METHODS: In this regression analysis, we included 178 ED patients admitted to Shanghai Xuhui District Stomatological Hospital from January 2022 to June 2024, including 54 with ED alone (ED group) and 124 with ED concurrent with DM (ED+DM group). We collected the clinical data and laboratory indexes, periodontal indices, endodontic disease characteristics and laboratory findings (glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c], fasting plasma glucose [FPG]). We compared the differences in data between the DM group and ED+DM group, and further logistic regression analysis was used for the indicators with differences. RESULTS: First, by univariate analysis, we found that compared with the ED group, the DM+ED group reported less intense spontaneous and nocturnal pain (P<0.05) but experienced prolonged pain from thermal stimuli (P<0.05). In addition, ED+DM patients also had a higher prevalence of root canal calcification and higher postoperative VAS score. (P<0.05). Independent risk factors for dentition defects identified through multivariate analysis were HbA1c, FPG, diabetes duration, and probing depth (PD) ≥4 mm (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Poor blood glucose control, progression of periodontal inflammation, and different types of diabetes were independent influencing factors for dentition defects in the DM+ED group.
Clinical efficacy of Conbercept combined with pars plana vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy.
Chen Y, Wang M, Gao J
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42007120 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Conbercept combined with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). METHODS: A total of 118 PDR patients were retrospectively se...
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Conbercept combined with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). METHODS: A total of 118 PDR patients were retrospectively selected and allocated to a control group (n=52, undergoing PPV only) and an observation group (n=66, receiving preoperative intravitreal Conbercept combined with PPV) according their treatment regimen. Outcome measures included visual acuity improvement, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retinal thickness (CRT), intraocular pressure (IOP), surgical indices (intraoperative electrocautery frequency, eyes with intraoperative bleeding, silicone oil usage, and iatrogenic retinal injury), preoperative aqueous humor cytokine levels, postoperative complications, and life quality. RESULTS: Postoperative visual acuity was notably better in the observation group compared with the control group. Both groups showed significant reductions in BCVA, CRT, and IOP after surgery, with the observation group displaying even lower values. Intraoperative electrocautery frequency, eyes with bleeding, silicone oil usage, incidence of iatrogenic retinal injury, and preoperative aqueous humor cytokine levels were lower in the observation group compared with the control group. Moreover, the observation group also reported a lower overall complication rate and better postoperative quality of life. CONCLUSION: Preoperative intravitreal Conbercept combined with PPV offers superior clinical benefits for PDR patients.
Outcomes and safety of unilateral biportal endoscopy for lumbar spinal stenosis.
Yu J, Sun X, Wu Z … +3 more , Wang G, Guo Q, Wang H
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42007119 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: To assess the outcomes and safety of unilateral biportal endoscopy (UBE) technique in treating lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS). METHODS: A total of 180 LSS cases treated in Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical...
OBJECTIVE: To assess the outcomes and safety of unilateral biportal endoscopy (UBE) technique in treating lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS). METHODS: A total of 180 LSS cases treated in Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University (March 2022-March 2025) were selected, including 85 patients (PTED group) treated with percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy (PTED) and 95 patients (UBE group) with UBE surgery. Therapeutic outcomes, surgical metrics (operative duration, intraoperative blood loss, and postoperative drainage), clinical indicators (hospitalization duration/costs), lumbar functional recovery (Oswestry Disability Index [ODI]), pain (Visual Analogue Scale [VAS]), laboratory findings (C-reactive protein, CRP; interleukin-6, IL-6; creatine kinase, CK), and safety (infection, nerve root damage, and dural sac rupture) were comparatively assessed across groups. Furthermore, to gain in-depth insights into the predictors of treatment response, both univariate and multivariate analytical methods were applied. RESULTS: The groups were equivalent in excellent-and-good rates, hospitalization expenses, and overall complication rates. UBE recipients showed higher values in intraoperative bleeding, drainage volume, and hospital stay than PTED-treated cases, but with shorter operative duration. Both cohorts displayed reduced ODI and VAS (lumbago and lower leg pain) scores at one and three months postoperatively compared to their preoperative levels; although differences in postoperative ODI and lower back VAS scores were non-significant between groups, the VAS of leg pain was statistically lower in the UBE group versus the PTED group. In the UBE group, all laboratory indices presented a postoperative rise but remained notably lower relative to the PTED group's values. L5-S1 involvement, combined-type stenosis, a Schizas grade D, and comorbid hypertension were independent predictors of suboptimal efficacy in LSS patients, as established by univariate and multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: When used to treat LSS, UBE demonstrates therapeutic efficacy, safety, and treatment costs comparable to PTED. Yet, UBE contributes to shortened surgical duration, milder post-surgical leg pain, and aids in lessening the abnormal rise of laboratory examination indexes. Nonetheless, UBE is linked to increased intraoperative bleeding, greater drainage volume, and a longer hospitalization period.
Age, psychotropic medication, hypertension, and D-dimer based nomogram predicts venous thromboembolism in hospitalized patients with depression.
Fang J, Yang K, Lv X … +2 more , Cheng L, Shen Q
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42007118 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: The development and validation of a nomogram to predict the risk of venous thromboembolism VTE in depressed patients requiring hospitalization. METHODS: A retrospective cohort of 726 depressed inpatients who w...
OBJECTIVE: The development and validation of a nomogram to predict the risk of venous thromboembolism VTE in depressed patients requiring hospitalization. METHODS: A retrospective cohort of 726 depressed inpatients who were treated between December 2023 to October 2025 was analyzed in this study. Computer-generated random numbers were used to randomly assign the patients (to training 70% and validation 30% cohorts). Analysis was performed as logistic regression with backward stepwise selection, which is based on Akaike information criterion. Variance inflation factor was used to test multicollinearity. ROC, calibration and decision curve analysis were used to assess model performance. RESULTS: Predictors of age, male gender, hypertension, antidepressants, antipsychotics, D-dimer ≥ 0.5 μg/mL, and length of hospital stay were independent variables. Good discrimination (AUC 0.827 training; 0.822 validation), good calibration, and good clinical utility of the nomogram were observed. CONCLUSION: The tested nomogram allows stratifying risk of VTE in patients with depression and could be used to inform specific thromboprophylaxis in the psychiatric ward.
ECE1c promotes glioblastoma invasion via the ROCK2-MYH10 axis and interaction with ACTB.
Wang L, Zhao F, Sun Y … +5 more , Liu J, Wang J, Wang J, Huang B, Li X
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42007117 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Glioblastoma is the most malignant primary intracranial tumor and is characterized by rapid growth, diffuse invasion, and notable therapeutic resistance. The mesenchymal subtype of glioblastoma multiforme (GB...
BACKGROUND: Glioblastoma is the most malignant primary intracranial tumor and is characterized by rapid growth, diffuse invasion, and notable therapeutic resistance. The mesenchymal subtype of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive, but the underlying regulatory network of this phenotype has not yet been fully elucidated. METHODS: Bioinformatic analysis was performed to identify the heterogeneity of ECE1 expression and its prognostic roles. Cytological experiments were conducted to evaluate the function of ECE1 in GBM cell lines. Tumor xenograft models were established to access intracranial GBM growth . Protein interactions and signaling mechanisms were investigated by coimmunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, and Western blot. RESULTS: In the present study, our analyses revealed that ECE1 is closely associated with the mesenchymal subtype, CD44 expression, and prognosis of GBM. We found that ECE1c was the most common isoform in GBM. The knockdown of ECE1 reduced both the proliferation and invasiveness of GBM cells, whereas overexpression of ECE1c promoted tumor malignancy. Mechanistic studies revealed that ECE1c activates the ROCK2 signaling pathway and interacts with ACTB, thereby modulating cytoskeletal remodeling and promoting pseudopodia formation, which together increase the invasive capacity of GBM. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that ECE1c is a key regulator of GBM invasion through ROCK2 activation and interaction with ACTB. Targeting ECE1c may represent a viable therapeutic strategy for treating invasive GBM.
Clinical significance of MIF in predicting lymph node metastasis and immune-inflammatory characteristics in endometrial cancer: a retrospective study of 361 patients.
Cui Z, An X, Liu W … +1 more , Kang S
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42007116 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) contributes to the progression of diverse malignancies. However, its expression and relation with systemic immune-inflammatory characteristics in predicting lymph...
BACKGROUND: Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) contributes to the progression of diverse malignancies. However, its expression and relation with systemic immune-inflammatory characteristics in predicting lymph node metastasis (LNM) in endometrial cancer (EC) remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: The current study evaluates the association between MIF-related inflammatory features and LNM, and establishes a preoperative model for predicting LNM in EC. METHODS: The current study enrolled 361 EC patients, and their clinical characteristics, hematologic parameters, tumor biomarkers, inflammatory indices, imaging features, and preoperative pathological findings were collected. MIF expression and relevant immune-inflammatory indicators were analyzed for their correlations with LNM. Independent predictors were identified using multivariable logistic regression. Model performance was assessed using ROC curves, calibration plots, and decision curve analysis (DCA). RESULTS: Among the 361 patients, LNM occurred in 51 patients (15.8%). Patients with LNM had significantly higher levels of CA125, HE4, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and larger tumor diameter. Myometrial invasion ≥1/2, cervical stromal involvement, and non-endometrioid histology were all significantly more frequent in the LNM group. Multivariate logistic regression identified high MIF expression, SII (per 100 units), myometrial invasion ≥50%, LVSI, and high-grade histology as independent predictors of LNM. The nomogram demonstrated excellent discriminatory performance, good calibration, and favorable clinical utility on decision curve analysis. CONCLUSION: Tumor MIF expression is an independent predictor of LNM in EC. Incorporation of MIF into a clinically grounded prediction model may enhance preoperative risk stratification of EC.
Reevaluating anesthesia maintenance strategies to prevent intraoperative hypothermia in hip arthroplasty: a randomized controlled trial.
Meng Y, Jiang L, Liu Y … +2 more , Yang S, Qi F
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42007115 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Intraoperative hypothermia is a common occurrence influenced by multiple factors, and the effect of maintenance anaesthetic agents on intraoperative temperature remains controversial. In this study, we compar...
BACKGROUND: Intraoperative hypothermia is a common occurrence influenced by multiple factors, and the effect of maintenance anaesthetic agents on intraoperative temperature remains controversial. In this study, we compared the incidence of hypothermia between inhalational and intravenous maintenance anaesthesia under identical induction protocols. METHODS: 172 adult patients were randomly assigned to receive maintenance anaesthesia with either sevoflurane (2%-3%) or intravenous agents (propofol and remifentanil). The primary endpoint was the incidence of intraoperative hypothermia. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the incidence of intraoperative hypothermia between the inhalational and intravenous maintenance groups (55/86 [64%] vs. 52/86 [60.5%]; RR = 1.06; 95% CI, 0.84 to 1.34; = 0.753). The lowest intraoperative core temperature did not differ significantly between groups (median [IQR]: 35.7 [35.5-36.0] vs. 35.9 [35.5-36.2]°C; = 0.107); however, the final core temperature at the end of surgery was significantly lower in the inhalational group (median [IQR]: 35.8 [35.6-36.1] vs. 36.1 [35.6-36.4]°C; = 0.004). Emergence time was significantly longer in the inhalational group ( < 0.001). All other baseline, perioperative, and safety outcomes were comparable between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: In patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty, there was no significant difference in the incidence of intraoperative hypothermia between inhalational and intravenous maintenance anaesthesia.
Clinical follow-up and predictors of re-intervention following thoracic endovascular aortic repair for Stanford type B aortic dissection.
Liu X, Zhang W, Zhang H … +4 more , Gong H, Jing F, Zhang Y, Li Y
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42007114 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: This study observed the clinical effect of Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) for Stanford Type B aortic dissection (TBAD) and identified predictors of re-intervention. METHODS: A retrospective analys...
OBJECTIVE: This study observed the clinical effect of Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) for Stanford Type B aortic dissection (TBAD) and identified predictors of re-intervention. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of TBAD patients visiting the People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region and undergoing TEVAR. Based on illness duration at the time of TEVAR, patients during the subacute or chronic phase were classified into the subacute group and chronic group. The changes in the aorta after the operation and the postoperative complications were evaluated. The risk factors for patients requiring further intervention were analyzed. RESULTS: With a comparable incidence of postoperative complications, the subacute group showed better performance in terms of the false lumen thrombosis status and thrombus complete absorption rate. Postoperatively, the true lumen diameter at the left subclavian artery origin plane and the pulmonary artery bifurcation plane increased, while the false lumen diameter decreased. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that tubular graft (OR = 6.782, 95% CI = 1.668-27.582), graft length ≤145 mm (OR = 6.783, 95% CI = 1.623-28.348), postoperative false lumen expansion diameter >5 mm (OR = 6.906, 95% CI = 1.728-27.604), graft oversizing >15% (OR = 26.531, 95% CI = 5.800-121.370), and chronic-phase surgery (OR = 22.378, 95% CI = 2.987-167.637) were risk factors for re-intervention after TEVAR surgery. CONCLUSION: TEVAR treatment for TBAD has certain short-term and mid-term efficacy, but the aortic remodeling effect is poor in patients in the chronic stage. Surgical timing, graft selection and its impact on false lumen expansion are risk factors for re-intervention after TEVAR surgery. Appropriate surgical timing and graft should be selected to avoid re-intervention.
Comparable efficacy and safety of bridging therapy versus direct mechanical thrombectomy in anterior circulation large vessel occlusion stroke.
Xia Y, Wang Y, Wang H
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42007113 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical and procedural outcomes, as well as complication rates, between bridging therapy (BT) and direct mechanical thrombectomy (D-MT) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to anter...
OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical and procedural outcomes, as well as complication rates, between bridging therapy (BT) and direct mechanical thrombectomy (D-MT) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to anterior circulation large vessel occlusion (LVO). METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study, 169 patients who underwent endovascular therapy (EVT) between January 2021 and January 2024 were included. Patients were divided into a BT group (n=96, intravenous alteplase followed by thrombectomy) and a D-MT group (n=73, thrombectomy alone). Baseline characteristics, procedural data, and 90-day functional outcomes were compared. Multivariable logistic regression identified predictors of 90-day favorable outcome (modified Rankin Scale score 0-2). RESULTS: Baseline characteristics were balanced between the groups (all >0.05). The BT group showed a numerically higher rate of 90-day favorable functional outcome (56.25% vs. 46.58%, =0.212) and lower mortality rate (4.17% vs. 10.96%, =0.089), but differences were not statistically significant. Recanalization rates (modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (mTICI) 2b/3: ~95%) and complication rates (hemorrhagic transformation, post-awakening stroke) were similar between the groups (all >0.05). In regression analysis, smoking history, baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, and collateral circulation grade were independent predictors of outcome, while treatment modality was not. CONCLUSION: BT and D-MT demonstrate comparable efficacy and safety in treating anterior circulation LVO. The choice of strategy should consider patient-specific factors such as baseline neurological status and collateral circulation, rather than presumed superiority of either modality.
Prolactin-induced platelet activation and endothelial dysfunction in coronary artery disease: insights into PKC and TXA2 pathways.
Li J, Wang C, Li S … +3 more , Wang Y, Zhang L, Zhang J
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42007112 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Elevated prolactin level is associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), probably through promoting vascular inflammation and thrombosis. This study investigated whether prolactin exace...
BACKGROUND: Elevated prolactin level is associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), probably through promoting vascular inflammation and thrombosis. This study investigated whether prolactin exacerbates atherothrombosis by regulating endothelial dysfunction and platelet activation and further explored the underlying mechanisms. METHODS: A co-culture model of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and platelets was employed to simulate the vascular interface. The effects of prolactin, alone or in combination with a protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor or aspirin (a thromboxane A2 [TXA2] pathway inhibitor) were assessed. Endothelial activation was assessed by measuring proliferation, the expression of adhesion molecules vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) and intercellular cell adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), and the production of inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β in HUVECs. Platelet function was analyzed by measuring CD61 expression, surface levels of P-selectin and CD40L, and the release of platelet microparticles (PMPs). RESULTS: Prolactin significantly enhanced endothelial proliferation and the expression of adhesion molecules and inflammatory cytokines. Concurrently, it enhanced platelet aggregation and increased the surface expression of activation markers (P-selectin, CD40L) and pro-thrombotic PMPs. These effects were mediated through the PKC pathway, as they were markedly reversed by PKC inhibition. Prolactin partially restored endothelial and platelet activation even in the presence of aspirin, indicating an additional role for the TXA2 pathway. CONCLUSION: Prolactin coordinately exacerbates endothelial dysfunction and platelet activation through PKC and TXA2 pathway activation. These findings identify a dual-pathway mechanism by which prolactin may promote a pro-thrombotic state, contributing to the pathogenesis of atherothrombosis in CAD.
Acorus tatarinowii volatile oil inhalation combined with Fengchi (GB20) acupuncture enhances cognitive recovery in post-stroke patients.
Zeng H, Zhao Z, Xu J … +2 more , Li X, Jin L
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42007111 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of Acorus tatarinowii volatile oil inhalation combined with Fengchi (GB20) acupuncture on cognitive function in post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) patients and clarify its role in...
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of Acorus tatarinowii volatile oil inhalation combined with Fengchi (GB20) acupuncture on cognitive function in post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) patients and clarify its role in cognitive improvement. METHODS: This single-center retrospective cohort study included 235 PSCI patients (January 2023-December 2024), divided into acupuncture group (routine rehabilitation + Fengchi electroacupuncture, n = 125) and combination group (additionally Acorus tatarinowii volatile oil inhalation, n = 110). After 1:1 propensity score matching, 92 patients per group were analyzed. The primary outcomes were changes in the Mini-Mental State Examination (ΔMMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (ΔMoCA) scores before and after treatment. Secondary outcomes included changes in the Modified Barthel Index (ΔMBI) and mean flow velocity (ΔMFV) in cerebral arteries measured by transcranial Doppler (TCD). Multivariate linear/logistic regression and model validation were performed. RESULTS: Baseline characteristics were balanced after matching. At 3 months both groups improved on MMSE, MoCA, and MBI (all P < 0.001), with greater gains in the combination group (P < 0.01). Combination therapy produced larger increases in MFV across major cerebral arteries (all P < 0.05). Combined therapy was an independent positive predictor of cognitive improvement (multivariate linear regression: ΔMMSE β = 1.84, P < 0.001; ΔMoCA β = 1.27, P = 0.006; logistic regression: odds ratio [OR] = 2.19, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05-4.56, P = 0.036). The predictive model demonstrated good discrimination, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.83. CONCLUSION: Acorus tatarinowii volatile oil inhalation combined with Fengchi acupuncture is superior to acupuncture alone in promoting cognitive recovery and functional independence in patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment. The benefits are associated with improved cerebral hemodynamics and warrant further validation in prospective randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
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